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Flora of New York/Violaceae

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Malpighiales (1):
Hypericaceae, Podostemaceae, Elatinaceae
Flora of New York — Malpighiales (2) : Violaceae
Malpighiales (3):
Salicaceae
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


Clade Clade Order Family Subfamily Tribe Genus Common names #
rosids basal
rosids
Vitales Vitaceae Vitoideae Parthenocisseae Parthenocissus creeper, woodbine, ivy 3
Viteae Vitis grape 8
Ampelopsideae Ampelopsis peppervine 3
basal
fabids
Zygophyllales Zygophyllaceae Tribuloideae Tribulus puncturevine 1
Zygophylloideae Zygophyllum beancaper 1
fabids
COM
clade
Celastrales Parnassiaceae Parnassioideae Parnassia grass of parnassus 1
Celastraceae Celastroideae Celastrus bittersweet, staff vine 2
Euonymus burning bush, spindletree, wahoo 6
Oxalidales Oxalidaceae Oxalis woodsorrel 6
Malpighiales Hypericaceae Hypericeae Triadenum marsh St. John's wort 2
Hypericum St. John's wort 18
Podostemaceae Podostemoideae Podostemum river weed 1
Elatinaceae Elatine water wort 3
Violaceae Violoideae Violeae Hybanthus greenviolet 1
Viola violet 57
Salicaceae Salicoideae Populus cottonwood, aspen, poplar 11
Salix willow 36
Euphorbiaceae Acalyphoideae Acalypheae Acalypha copperleaf, three-seed mercury 4
Mercurialis herb mercury 1
Ricinus castor bean 1
Crotonoideae Crotoneae Croton rushfoil, hogwort 1
Euphorbioideae Euphorbieae Euphorbia spurge, sandmat 21
Linaceae Linoideae Lineae Linum flax 9

Family Violaceae

[edit | edit source]

The Violaceae (violet family) ...

Subfamily Violoideae

[edit | edit source]

Tribe Violeae

[edit | edit source]
Hybanthus
[edit | edit source]
Hybanthus concolor
Of the four species of Hybanthus (greenviolets) that are native to North America, only Hybanthus concolor (the eastern greenviolet) has been discovered outside of cultivation in New York.
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Hybanthus
Genus Hybanthus Greenviolet N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(T.F.Forst.) Spreng.

1802. Viola concolor T.F.Forst.
1819. Ionidium sprengleianum
Roem. & Schult.
1824. Hybanthus concolor Spreng.
1824. Solea concolor Ging.
1878. Ionidium concolor S.Watson
1897. Cubelium concolor
ex Britton & A.Br. Raf.
Green-violet,
Eastern greenviolet,
Nodding violet
Hybanthe à fleurs verdâtres,
Hybanthe
Native, CoC: 8,
Vulnerable

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3-4

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Viola
[edit | edit source]
The Viola genus has about 50 species found outside of cultivation in New York. The majority of the species are native to the region, though a few are escaped garden exotics. The subgeneric organization used here is is largely based on Ballard (1999).[1]

Violets are often divided into two groups based on the presence of a stem that is shared between the flowers and leaves. "Stemmed" or "caulescent" means that the flowers and leaves share an above-ground stem, whereas "stemless" or "acaulescent" violets have separate petioles (attached to the leaves) and peduncles (attached to the flowers) that arise from an underground rootstock.


Viola sect. Canadenses
[edit | edit source]
Viola sect. Canadenses contains the stemmed white violet, Viola canadensis.
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Canadenses
Genus Violasect. Canadenses Stemmed white violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Viola canadensis L.
1836. Lophion canadense (L.) Spach
1841. Viola scouleri Dougl. ex Steud.
1889 Viola canadensis var. scariosa Porter
1917. Viola canadensis var. pubens Farwell
1938. Viola canadensis var. corymbosa Nutt.

Canada violet,
Canadian white violet,
Tall white violet
Violette du Canada
Native, CoC: 9,
Secure

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun,
2n = 24

NYFA: 5

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L.

1902. Viola rugulosa Greene in Pittonia 5:26
1902. Viola rydbergii Greene in Pittonia 5(26A):27
1902. Viola neomexicana Greene in Pittonia 5(26A):28
1902. Viola muriculata Greene in Pittonia 5(26A):28
1902. Viola geminiflora Greene in Pittonia 5(26A):29
1906. Viola canadensis var. rydbergii (Greene) House in P.A.Rydberg, Fl. Colorado
1906. Viola canadensis ssp. rydbergii (Greene) House in P.A.Rydberg, Fl. Colorado
1916. Lophion rydbergii (Greene) Nieuwl. & Lunell in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4:478
1918. Lophion rugulosum (Greene) Lunell in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 238
1961. Viola canadensis var. rugulosa (Greene) C.L.Hitchc. in Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W.

Creepingroot violet N. America native
 western N. America,
N.Y. excluded,
2n = 24

NYFA-Excluded

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Viola sect. Chamaemelanium
[edit | edit source]
The Viola section Chamaemelanium Ging. contains the stemmed yellow violets in subsection Nudicaules. The two New York State native species of this section have at times been treated as varieties of Viola pubescens.
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Chamaemelanium[1]
Genus Violasect. Chamaemelaniumsubsect. Nudicaules Stemmed yellow violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Aiton

1789. Viola pubescens Aiton in Hort. Kew. 3:290
1803. Viola pensylvanica Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:149
1818. Viola pubescens Aiton eriocarpon Nutt. in Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 1:150
1914. Crocion pubescens (Aiton) Nieuwl. in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 215
1923. Viola pubescens var. peckii House in Bull. NYS Mus. Nat. Hist.
1939. Viola pubescens var. typica Grover in Ohio J. Sci., not validly publ.

Downy yellow violet,
Hairy yellow violet,
Yellow forest violet,
Hairy yellow forest violet
Violette pubescente
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
2n = 12

NYFA: 45 counties
iNat: 10 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Nutt.) Schwein.

1822. Viola eriocarpa (Nutt.) Schwein. in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5:75
1901. Viola scabriuscula (Torr. & A.Gray) Shafer in Ann. Carnegie Mus. 1:27
1914. Crocion eriocarpum (Schwein.) Nieuwl. in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3:214
1921. Viola eriocarpa var. leiocarpa Fernald & Wiegand in Rhodora 23:275
1938. Viola pubescens var. scabriuscula Torr. & A.Gray in Fl. N. Amer. 1:142
1940. Viola eriocarpa f. leiocarpa (Fernald & Wiegand) Deam in Fl. Indiana
1941. Viola pensylvanica var. leiocarpoa (Fernald & Wiegand) Fernald in Rhodora
1967. Viola pubescens var. leiocarpa (Fernald & Wiegand) B.Boivin in Phytologia

Smooth yellow violet
Smoothish yellow violet
Yellow forest violet
Common yellow violet
Violette scabre
Native, CoC: 7,
Unranked,
SNR

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
2n = 12

NYFA: 37 counties
iNat: 36 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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 Michx.

1803. Viola hastata Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:149
1813. Viola trifida Spreng. in Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 1:22
1819. Viola ciliata Willd. ex Schult. in J.J.Roemer & J.A.Schultes, Syst. Veg.
1822. Viola hirta Schwein. in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 5:50, nom. illeg.

Halberd-leaf yellow violet
Halberdleaf yellow violet
Halberd-leaved yellow violet
Spearleaf Violet
Silverleaf Violet
N. America native
 southern U.S.,
N.Y. excluded

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA-Excluded
iNat: No NY observation
GBIF: Not present in NY

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Viola sect. Orbiculares
[edit | edit source]
Viola rotundifolia
round-leaved yellow violet
Viola section Orbiculares contains the stemless yellow violet Viola rotundifolia.
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Orbiculares
Genus Violasect. Orbiculares Stemless yellow violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx. (1803)

Roundleaf yellow violet,
Round-leaved violet,
Violette à feuilles rondes
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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Viola sect. Plagiostigma
[edit | edit source]
Viola blanda
sweet white violet
Section Plagiostigma contains the stemless white violets.
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Plagiostigma[1]
Genus Violasubsect. Adnatae Stemless white violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh ex Goldie

1822. Viola selkirkii Pursh ex Goldie
    
    
Great-spurred violet,
Long-spurred violet,
Selkirk's violet
Violette de Selkirk
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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Genus Violasubsect. Stolonosae Stemless white violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Willd.

1804. Viola blanda Willd. (i)
1905. Viola incognita Brainerd
Sweet white violet,
Large-leaf white violet,
Willdenow's violet,
Woodland-white violet,
Violette méconnue
Native, CoC: 6,
Unranked,
SNR

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: U

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 L. (1753)
ssp. lanceolata

Bog white violet,
Lance-leaved violet,
Lance-leaved water violet
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

NYFA: 4

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 F.E.Lloyd

1824. Viola rotundifolia  var. pallens  Banks ex Ging. in DC.
1895. V. macloskeyi F.E.Lloyd
1905. V. pallens (Banks ex Ging.) Brainerd
1925. V. blanda  var. macloskeyi  (F.E. Lloyd) Jeps.
1938. V. pallens  var. subreptans  J.Rousseau
1953. V. macloskeyi  ssp. pallens  (Banks ex Ging.) M.S. Baker
1961. V. macloskeyi  var. pallens  (Banks ex Ging.) Hitchc.
1982. V. blanda  ssp. macloskeyi  (F.E. Lloyd) A.E. Murray
Small white violet,
Smooth white violet,
Sweet white violet,
Northern white violet,
Macloskey's violet
Violette pâle,
Violette minuscule,
Violette de macloskey
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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 A.Gray

Kidney-leaf white violet,
Kidney-leaved white violet,
Northern white violet,
White violet,
Violette réniforme
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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 L.
var. primulifolia

1753. Viola primulifolia L.
1829. Viola primulifoliavar. villosa
1838. Viola primulifoliavar. acuta
1955. Viola primulifoliassp. villosa
Primrose-leaf violet,
Primrose-leaved violet
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
NYNHP: 2[2]

NYFA: 2

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 House

Viola lanceolata ×
Viola primulifolia

1910. V. lanceolata × primulifolia Dowell
1924. Viola × modesta House
Hybrid of
 bog white violet violet &
 primrose-leaf violet
Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: H?

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 House

Viola macloskeyi ×
Viola primulifolia var primulifolia

1924. Viola × mollicula House
    Viola pallens × primulifolia
Hybrid of
 small white violet &
 primrose-leaf violet
Native,
Impersistent

NYFA: Um

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Genus Violasubsect. Stolonosae(excluded taxa) Stemless white violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
House (pro. hybr.)[3]

Viola lanceolata ×
Viola macloskeyi

1921. Viola lanceolata × pallens House
1924. Viola × sublanceolata House
 auct. Viola primulifolianon L. (1753)
Lance-leaved violet,
Lanceleaf violet,
Primose-leaved violet
Violette sublancéolée
Native,
N.Y. excluded
excluded
NYFA-Excluded

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Walter

1788. Viola villosa Walter
1895. V. palmata  var. villosa  (Walter) B.L.Rob.
Carolina violet N. America native
 southern U.S.,
N.Y. excluded
excluded
NYFA-Excluded

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  1. BioLib.cz Viola sect. Plagiostigma
  2. New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Viola primulifolia. Threatened, S2/G5.
  3. Homer D. House (1924) Annotated List of the Ferns and Flowering Plants of New York State, page 508.
Viola sect. Melanium
[edit | edit source]
Viola bicolor
The Viola section Melanium contains plants commonly known as pansies. The only North American native pansy is Viola bicolor, which is also the only annual Viola species with cleistogamous (small inconspicuous closed self-pollinating) flowers. It is listed as endangered in New York State.
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Melanium[1]
Genus Violasect. Melanium Pansies N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh

1813. Viola bicolor Pursh
1819. Viola tenella Raf. (ambiguous)
1838. Mnemion tenellum Webb
1899. Viola rafinesquei Greene
1914. Mnemion rafinesquii (Greene) Nieuwl.
1938. Viola kitaibeliana  var. rafinesquei  (Greene) Fernald
 auct. Viola kitaibeliananon Roem. & Schult.
American Field Pansy
Wild pansy
Field pansy

Violette de Rafinesque
Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered,
S1, G5

FACU

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1
NYFA: 5 counties
iNat
4 counties

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 Murray

1770. Viola arvensis Murray
1864. Viola tricolor  ssp. arvensis  (Murray) Syme
European field pansy,
Small wild pansy
Violette des champs
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Naturalized

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: 26 counties
? counties

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L.
 var. tricolor

Johnny jumpup,
Three colored violet,
Wild pansy
Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 16 counties
? counties

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Genus Violasect. Melanium(excluded taxa) Pansies N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Roem. & Schult.

    
Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: ? counties
? counties

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Viola sect. Viola subsect. Boreali-Americanae
[edit | edit source]
Viola affinis Leconte (LeConte's violet) from Homer D. House, Wild Flowers of New York, 1918.
The taxa of Viola subsection Boreali-Americanae W.Becker are native exclusively to North America (including northern Mexico). They are commonly referred to as the "stemless (or acaulescent) blue violets", as the leaf petioles and flower peduncles arise directly from the rhizome instead of from a shared above-ground stem. Their classification has long been in flux, partially due to apparent introgressive hybridization within the subsection.[1]
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Viola[1] subsect. Boreali-Americanae
Genus Violasect. Viola
subsect. Boreali-Americanae
Stemless blue violets N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Willd.

1809. Viola sororia Willd.
1814. Viola papilionacea Pursh
1838. Viola cucullata  var. sororia  (Willd.) Torr. & A. Gray
1898. Viola septentrionalis Greene
1898. Viola palmata  var. sororia  (Willd.) Pollard
1901. Viola nodosa Greene
1902. Viola latiuscula Greene
1910. Viola chalcosperma Brainerd
Common blue violet,
Woolly blue violet,
Hairy blue violet,
Downy blue violet,
Hooded blue violet,
Common violet,
Sister violet
Violette parente,
Violette septentrionale
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure

FAC

Annual,
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 Greene

1898. Viola septentrionalis Greene
Northern blue violet,
Northern woodland violet,
Northern bog violet
Violette septentrionale
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 Leconte

1826. Viola affinis Leconte
1902. Viola arizonica Greene
1939. Viola nephrophyllavar. arizonica
1992. Viola sororiavar. affinis
1996. Viola sororiassp. affinis
Le Conte's violet,
Sand violet,
Arizona bog violet,
Common blue violet,
Thin-leaved blue violet
Violette affine
Native,
Secure

FACW

Annual,
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 House

1904. Viola novae-angliae House
1935. Viola septentrionalisvar. grisea
1992. Viola sororiavar. novae-angliae
1997. Viola novae-angliaessp. grisea
2010. Viola sororiavar. grisea
New England violet,
New England blue violet
Violette de
 Nouvelle-Angleterre,
Violette de la
 Nouvelle-Angleterre
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
S1, G4Q,
NYNHP: 1[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
Warren (1981-92)
NYFA: 1
iNat

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 Greene

1896. Viola nephrophylla Greene
1896. Viola cognata Greene
1940. Viola maccabeiana M.S.Baker
1961. Viola nephrophyllavar. cognata
Northern bog violet,
Wanderer violet,
Sand violet,
Blue meadow violet
Violette néphrophylle,
Violete des calcaires
Native,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[3]

NYFA: 1

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 Aiton

1768. Viola obliqua Hill
1789. Viola cucullata Aiton
1886. Viola palmatavar. cucullata
Marsh blue violet,
Blue marsh violet,
Longstem marsh violet
Violette cucullée,
Violette dressée
Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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 L.

1753. Viola palmata L.
1817. Viola esculenta Elliott
1822. Viola triloba Schwein.
1867. Viola cucullatavar. palmata
1897. Viola porteriana Pollard
1899. Viola falcata Greene
1901. Viola viarum Pollard
1905. Viola stoneana House
1910. Viola lovelliana Brainerd
1924. Viola festata House
Early blue violet,
Three-lobe violet,
Palmate-leaf violet,
Wood violet,
Crowfoot violet,
Cleft violet
Violette palmée
Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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 (Greene) Greene

1898. Viola emarginatavar. subsinuata
1898. Viola pedatifidavar. bernardii
1899. Viola subsinuata Greene
1902. Viola angelliae Pollard
1903. Viola × bernardii Greene
1904. Viola palmatavar. angelliae
 auct. Viola palmatanon L
Palmate-leaved violet,
Early blue violet,
Bernard's violet,
Bernard violet,
Pale violet,
Wavy-leaved violet,
Greene's Violet[4],
Wood violet
Native,
Secure

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 Aiton
var. ovata (Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray

1817. Viola fimbriatula Sm.
1818. Viola ovata Nutt.
1838. Viola sagittatavar. ovata
Northern downy violet,
Arrowleaf violet,
Arrow-leaved violet,
Ovate-leaved violet,
Sand violet,
Fringed violet,
Fimbriate violet
Violette à feuilles frangées
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 Aiton
var. sagittata

1789. Viola sagittata Aiton
1818. Viola sagittatavar. emarginata
1827. Viola emarginata (Nutt.) Leconte
Arrow-leaved violet,
Fringed violet
Violette sagittée,
Violette sagittée
  variété sagittée
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 Pollard

1898. Viola brittoniana Pollard
1904. Viola pectinata E.P.Bicknell
1952. Viola brittonianavar. pectinata
1992. Viola pedatifidassp. brittoniana
2010. Viola pedatifidavar. brittoniana
Coastal violet,
Coast violet,
Northern coastal violet,
Britton’s violet
Native,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[5]

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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 Brainerd

1907. Viola hirsutula Brainerd
Southern wood violet,
Southern woodland violet
Native,
Endangered,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z

USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Viola sect. Viola subsect. Boreali-Americanae hybrids
[edit | edit source]
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Viola[1] subsect. Boreali-Americanae
Genus Violasect. Viola
subsect. Boreali-Americanae
Stemless blue violet hybrids N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Greene

Viola affinis ×
Viola sororia

1906. Viola filicetorum Greene
    V. × columbiana House
    V. × consona House
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 common blue violet
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1?

USDA-N0
Tropicos
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola affinis ×
Viola sagittata

V. × dissena House
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 arrow-leaved violet
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1?

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola affinis ×
Viola triloba

    V. × discors House
    V. × milleri Moldenke
Slavin's violet,
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 three-lobe violet
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1?

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Greene (pro sp.)

Viola sagittata ×
Viola sororia

1899. V. conjugens Greene
1924. V. × parca House
Northern bog violet (hybrid),
Hybrid of
 arrow-leaf violet &
 common blue violet
Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: H?

NYFA: U
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Greene (pro sp. 1898)

Viola sororia ×
Viola triloba

Peck's violet,
Hybrid of
 common blue violet &
 three-lobe violet
Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: H?

USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
Greene (pro sp. 1902)

Viola septentrionalis ×
Viola sororia

V. × montivaga House (1924)
Hybrid of
 Northern blue violet &
 common blue violet
Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: H?

Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola hirsutula ×
Viola × palmata

V. × dissita
Hybrid of
 southern wood violet &
 early blue violet
Native,
Likely extirpated

NYFA: Zm

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola cucullata ×
Viola sororia

V. × conturbata House
Bissell's violet,
Hybrid of
 marsh blue violet &
 common blue violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola affinis ×
Viola hirsutula

V. × dowelliana House
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 southern wood violet
Native,
Impersistent

NYFA: U

USDA-N0
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola affinis ×
Viola cucullata

Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 marsh blue violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
(Nutt.) Schwein. (pro sp. 1929)

Viola hirsutula ×
Viola sororia

V. × perpera House
Hybrid of
 southern wood violet &
 common blue violet
Native,
Impersistent

NYFA: Um

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola × palmata ×
Viola sagittata

Hybrid of
 early blue violet &
 arrow-leaf violet
Native,
Impersistent

NYFA: Um

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Pollard (pro sp. 1902)

Viola brittoniana ×
Viola sagittata

    V. × marylandica House
    V. × holmiana House
Hybrid of
 northern coastal violet &
 arrow-leaf violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Bicknell (pro sp. 1904)

Viola brittoniana ×
Viola cucullata

Hybrid of
 northern coastal violet &
 marsh blue violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 House (1924)

Viola cucullata ×
Viola × palmata

V. × notabilis Bickn.
Ryon's violet,
Hybrid of
 marsh blue violet &
 early blue violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

USDA-N0
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Viola affinis × brittoniana
Dowell

Viola affinis ×
Viola brittoniana

1910. Viola affinis × brittoniana Dowell
    
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 northern coastal violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA:

Images
Wikispecies
V. affinis × sagittata var. ovata

Viola affinis ×
Viola sagittata var. ovata

1910. Viola affinis × fimbriatuala Dowell
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 northern downy violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

Images
Wikispecies
Viola affinis × palmata
Dowell

1910. Viola affinis × palmata Dowell
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 northern downy violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

Images
Wikispecies
Genus Violasect. Viola
subsect. Boreali-Americanae(excluded taxa)
Stemless blue violet hybrids N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
House

Viola affinis ×
Viola septentrionalis

1924. Viola champlainensis House
Hybrid of
 LeConte's violet &
 northern blue violet
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
ITIS
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
House

V. hirsutula ×
V. sagittata var. sagittata

1924. Viola × redacta House
1924. Viola dimissa House
Hybrid of
 southern wood violet &
 arrow-leaf violet
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
ITIS
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Viola sect. Viola subsect. Pedatae
[edit | edit source]
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Viola subsect. Pedatae
Genus Violasubsect. Pedatae Violet N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Viola pedata L.
    Viola pedatavar. concolor
    Viola pedatavar. lineariloba
    Viola pedatavar. ranunculifolia
Birdfoot violet,
Bird's-foot violet,
Crowfoot violet,
Pansy violet
Violette pédalée,
Violette pied-d'oiseau
Native,
Rare

FACU-UPL

Perennial,
Herb=forb

NYFA: 3

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
NatureServe
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Viola sect. Viola subsect. Rostratae
[edit | edit source]
Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Viola subsect. Rostratae
Genus Violasect. Viola
subsect. Rostratae
Violet N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh
var. rostrata

1814. Viola rostrata Pursh
    
    
Long-spur violet,
Long-spurred violet
Violette rostrée,
Violette à long éperon
Native,
Secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 Sm.
var. adunca

1817. Viola adunca Sm.
    Viola aduncoides
    Viola bellidifolia
    Viola cascadensis
    Viola montanensis
    Viola subvestita
Sand violet,
Hookedspur violet,
Western dog violet
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 Schrank

1818. Viola labradorica Schrank
1823. Viola conspersa Rchb.
Alpine violet,
American dog violet,
Labrador violet,
Violette décombante,
Violette du labrador
Native,
Vulnerable

NYFA: 3-5

USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 Aiton (1789)

Striped cream violet,
Cream-white violet,
Pale violet
Native,
Vulnerable

NYFA: 3-4

USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 H.E.Ballard (1989)
[ labradorica × striata ]

Hybrid American dog violet
  & striped cream violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

USDA-NN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 House
[ labradorica × rostrata ]

Hybrid American dog violet
  & long-spur violet
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: U

USDA-NN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Viola sect. Viola subsect. Viola
[edit | edit source]
Viola odorata

Malpighiales — Violaceae — Violoideae — Violeae — Viola sect. Viola subsect. Viola
Genus Violasect. Viola
subsect. Viola
Violet N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Viola odorata L. Sp. Pl.: 934
1829. Viola martii ssp. odorata (L.) Schimp. & Spenn. in Fl. Friburg. 3:1036, nom. illeg.
1898. Viola hirta ssp. odorata (L.) Fiori in A.Fiori & al., Fl. Anal. Italia 1:404
1898. Viola hirta var. odorata (L.) Fiori in A.Fiori & al., Fl. Anal. Italia 1:405

English violet,
Sweet violet
Introduced from
 Europe,
SNA, GNR

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 14 counties
iNat: 22 counties

USDA-XX
POWO
FSUS
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies

Family Passifloraceae

[edit | edit source]

The Passifloraceae (passion-flower family) ...

Subfamily Passifloroideae

[edit | edit source]

Tribe Passifloreae

[edit | edit source]
Passiflora
[edit | edit source]
Malpighiales — Passifloraceae — Passifloroideae — Passifloreae — Passiflora
Genus Passiflora(excluded species) Passionflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Passiflora incarnata L.
1787. Granadilla incarnata (L.) Medik.
1826. Passiflora kerii Spreng.
1871. Passiflora edulisvar. kerii
Purple passionflower N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies