Persian/Lesson 13

فارسی (‹fârsi›, “Persian”)
Learn the Persian language
Contents • Introduction
Persian Alphabet lessons: 1 ( ۱ ) • 2 ( ۲ ) • 3 ( ۳ ) • 4 ( ۴ )
Elementary grammar: 5 ( ۵ ) • 6 ( ۶ ) • 7 ( ۷ ) • 8 ( ۸ ) • 9 ( ۹ )
10 ( ۱۰ ) • 11 ( ۱۱ ) • 12 ( ۱۲ ) • 13 ( ۱۳ ) • 14 ( ۱۴ ) • 15 ( ۱۵ )
Intermediate: 16 ( ۱۶ ) • 17 ( ۱۷ ) • 18 ( ۱۸ ) • 19 ( ۱۹ ) • 20 ( ۲۰ )
21 ( ۲۱ ) • 22 ( ۲۲ ) • 23 ( ۲۳ ) • 24 ( ۲۴ ) • 25 ( ۲۵ ) • 26 ( ۲۶ )
Advanced:
Appendix: Alphabet • Glossary • Handwriting

To continue, your computer must display Persian. The box below should show these Persian letters on the far right:

ا ب پ ت ث ج چ ح خ د ذ ر ز ژ س ش ص ض ط ظ ع غ ف ق ک گ ل م ن و ه ی

If they are different or in the wrong order, see Persian Computing.

In lessons ... through ..., you learned ....

In this lesson, you will learn about personal clitics used after noun phrases, alternative pronomial direct objects as clitics, and differences between spoken and written forms.

Dialogue: ... ‹...›

... talks with ...:

...:	‹...› “....”	... Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.	...:
...:	‹...› “....”	... Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.	...:
...:	‹...› “....”	... Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.	...:
...:	‹...› “....”	... Missing audio. If you are fluent in Persian, record and upload your voice.	...:

Explanation

... and ... are....

Vocabulary

... ‹......› IPA: /...ˈ.../... — “...”

درس 13

ق چ

زيبا دوچرخه سواري را دوست دارد

قاشق – lepel

بشقاب – bord

سفره – tafelkleed

اتاق – kamer

دوچرخه – fiets

چاي – thee

پيچ – schroef

سفت – zacht

آوردن – brengen

ريختن – schenken

آچار – gereedschap

باز – open

بسته – dicht

دوچرخه سواري كردن – fietsen, (werkwoord)

قند – suikerklontje

شيرين – zoet

زيبا – mooi, ook een meisjesnaam

خراب – kapot

دانستن – weten, (werkwoord)

امين واكرم به مادر خود كمك مي كنند – Amin en Akram helpen hun eigen moeder

اكرم سفره و قاشق و بشقاب را به اتاق مياورد – Akram brengt het bord, de lepel en het tafelkleed naar de kamer

مادر زيبا چاي درست كرد – De moeder van Ziba zet thee

زيبا دوچرخه سواري را دوست دارد – Ziba houdt van fietsen

تكليف. شب. – Huiswerk

جمله بسازيد . دوچرخه . قاشق . چاي . – Een zin maken

فعل بسازيد . مي داند . مي آورد. ريختن - werkwoord vervoegen

Personal clitics with noun phrases

Grammar: (bound) personal enclitics after (singular or plural) noun phrase:

After consonant: /am/, /at/, /aš/, /emân/, /etân/, /ešân/
After و or ا, /yam/, /yat/...
After ه or ی, singular suffixes are spelled with leading zwnj+ا.

Often expresses possession /pedaram/ ("my father"), /dust-e xubam/ ("my good friend")

alternative pronomial direct objects as enclitics

Colloquial

Differences between spoken and written forms

written را colloquially ‹o› or ‹ro›. With possessive endings:
- کتابم را به او دادم ‹ketâbamow be u dâdam› (“I gave my book to him.”)
- کتابت را به او دادم ‹ketâbatow be u dâdam› (“I gave your book to him.”)
- کتابش را به او دادم ‹ketâbašow be u dâdam› (“I gave her book to him.”)
- کتابمان را به او دادم ‹ketâbemunow be u dâdam› (“I gave our book to him.”)
- کتابتان را به او دادم ‹ketâbetunow be u dâdam› (“I gave your book to him.”)
- کتابشان را به او دادم ‹ketâbašunow be u dâdam› (“I gave their book to him.”)
colloquial ‹e›, ‹s› for است
colloquial verb endings: ه ‹eh›
written ان ‹ân› vs spoken ‹un›, but not in خانم ‹xânom›