Flora of New York/Solanales

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Gentianales
Flora of New York — Solanales
Boraginales
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


The order Solanales as listed here includes the New-York-represented families Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae.

Family Convolvulaceae[edit | edit source]

The Convolvulaceae (bindweed, morning-glory family)...

Tribe Convolvuleae[edit | edit source]

Calystegia sepium
hedge bindweed
Members of the Convolvuleae are mostly known as bindweeds and were originally placed in the genus Convolvulus by Linnaeus in 1753. In 1810, Robert Brown separated out those with large bracts covering the sepals, and called them Calystegia (from the Greek, indicating "calyx covering"), sometimes known a "false bindweed". Many questioned the seemingly artificial splitting of the Convolvuleae based on a single morphological difference, but additional differences were eventually discovered and after about 150 years, the split was fairly well accepted. However, subsequent molecular evidence has shown that Calystegia is likely embedded within Convolvulus, and future lumping and/or splitting of the bindweeds will be required to avoid polyphyletic groups.[1]

Calystegia[edit | edit source]

Solanales — Convolvulaceae — Convolvuloideae — Convolvuleae — Calystegia
Genus CalystegiaR.Br. False bindweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) R.Br.

1753. Convolvulus sepium L.
1755. Co. repens L.
1810. Calystegia sepium (L) R.Br.
1839. Ca. inflata G.Don
1844. Co. americanus (Sims) J.W.Loudon
1848. Ca. sepiumvar. repens A.Gray
1869. Aniseia arifolia Meisn.
1878. Co. sepiumvar. repens
1891. Volvulus sepium Junger
1980. Ca. sepiumssp. appalachiana
1980. Ca. sepiumssp. angulata
1981. Ca. sepiumssp. erratica
1984. Ca. sepiumvar. angulata
1804. Co. sepiumvar. americanus
Hedge bindweed,
Hedge false bindweed,
Bracted bindweed,
Trailing hedge-bindweed,
Wild morning glory,
Greater bindweed,
Appalachian false bindweed
Liseron des haies,
Grand liseron
Native, CoC: 0,
Unranked

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb, vine

NYFA: N

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 (L.) Pursh
ssp. spithamaea

1753. Convolvulus spithamaeus L.
1814. Calystegia spithamaea (L.) Pursh
Low bindweed,
Low false bindweed,
Upright false bindweed,
Upright bindweed,
Dwarf bindweed
Liseron dressé
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb, vine

NYFA: 5

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 (Kit.) Griseb.
ssp. fraterniflora (Mack. & Bush) Brummitt

1902. Co. sepiumvar. fraterniflorus
1905. Co. fraterniflorus Mack. & Bush
1965. Ca. fraterniflora Brummitt
1968. Ca. sepiumvar. fraterniflora
1981. Ca. silvaticassp. fraterniflora
Paired-flowered bindweed,
Shortstalk false bindweed,
Short-stalked false bindweed
Native, CoC: 10,
Unranked

Perennial,
Herb-forb, vine

NYFA: U

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 Wall.

1824. Calystegia hederacea Wall.
1827. Convolvulus wallichianus Spreng.
1891. V. hederaceus (Wall.) Kuntze
Ivy-like bindweed,
Japanese false bindweed,
Wallich's bindweed
Introduced

Perennial,
Herb-forb, vine

NYFA: X

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 Lindl.

1846. Calystegia pubescens Lindl.
1829. Convolvulus pellitusfo. anestius
1837. Calystegia pellita (Ledeb.) G. Don
Hairy false bindweed,
Japanese bindweed
Introduced,
Asia native

Perennial,
Herb-forb, vine

NYFA: X

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Note: [1]
Genus Calystegia (excluded taxa) False bindweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Kit.) Griseb.
ssp. silvatica

    
    
    
Shortstalk false bindweed

Not native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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(Ledeb.) G. Don

    Convolvulus pellitus Ledeb.
    Calystegia pellita (Ledeb.) G. Don
    
Hairy false bindweed

Not native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
  1. USDA-NRCS-PLANTS treats Calystegia pellita as a synonym of Calystegia hederacea. ARS-GRIN lists it as Calystegia pubescens (syn. Calystegia japonica). ITIS and NYFA call it Calystegia pellita.

Convolvulus[edit | edit source]

Convolvulus arvensis
field bindweed

Solanales — Convolvulaceae — Convolvuloideae — Convolvuleae — Convolvulus
Genus Convolvulus Bindweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Convolvulus arvensis L.
1905. Convolvulus ambigens House
1933. Strophocaulos arvensis Small
 auctConvolvulus incanusnon Vahl
Field bindweed,
Creeping Jenny,
European bindweed,
Perennial morningglory,
Smallflowered morningglory
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Moderately invasive,
NYS Tier 4,
Regulated in west[1]

NYFA: X

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Genus Convolvulus (excluded taxa) Bindweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Desr.

1792. Convolvulus pilosellifolius
Desr.
Soft bindweed Introduced from
 Asia,
 Egypt,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Tribe Ipomoeeae[edit | edit source]

Ipomoea[edit | edit source]

In general, the genus Ipomoea species are known as morning glories. Ipomoea contains a single New York native, known as the wild potato vine, and also includes cultivated sweet potatoes. The genus is here separated into three subgenera, corresponding to white, red, and purple morning glories.
Ipomoea subg. Eriospermum[edit | edit source]
Ipomoea pandurata
wild potato vine
Ipomoea subgenus Eriospermum contains the white morning glories.
Solanales — Convolvulaceae — Convolvuloideae — Ipomoeeae — Ipomoea subg. Eriospermum
Genus Ipomoeasubg. Eriospermum White morning glory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) G.Mey. (1818)

    
    
    
Wild potato vine,
Bigroot morningglory,
Big-rooted morning-glory,
Man of the earth, Manroot,
Wild sweet-potato vine
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-vine

NYFA: 1

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 L. (1753)

    
    
    
White morning glory,
Smallflower white morningglory,
Whitestar,
Pitted morningglory,
White morningglory
Introduced from
 US south,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [1],
Not naturalized

Annual,
Herb-vine

NYFA: X

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 (L.) Lam.

1793. Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
Sweet potato,
Yam
Patate douce
Introduced,
Impersistent,
Neotropic native

NYFA: Xm

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Genus Ipomoeasubg. Eriospermum (excluded taxa) White morning glory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

    
    
    
Beach morning-glory

N. America native
 southeast U.S.,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Forssk.

1775. Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.
Swamp morning-glory

Introduced from
 southeast Asia,
Highly invasive,
NYS Tier 1b,
No NY reports
NYFA: 0 counties
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Ipomoea subg. Quamoclit[edit | edit source]
Ipomoea coccinea
red morning glory
Ipomoea subgenus Quamoclit contains the red morning glories.
Solanales — Convolvulaceae — Convolvuloideae — Ipomoeeae — Ipomoea subg. Quamoclit
Genus Ipomoeasubg. Quamoclit Red morning glory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L. (1753)

    
    
    
Red morning-glory,
Redstar,
Scarlet-creeper,
Star ipomoea, Starglory,
Woolly tidestromia
Introduced,
US South native,
Impersistent

NYFA: X

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Genus Ipomoeasubg. Quamoclit (excluded taxa) Red morning glory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L. (1753)

    
    
    
Cypressvine,
Cypressvine morning-glory,
Cheveux de Venus
Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
Mesoamerica native

NYFA-Excluded

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Ipomoea subg. Ipomoea[edit | edit source]
Ipomoea purpurea
Ipomoea subgenus Ipomoea contains the purple morning glories.
Solanales — Convolvulaceae — Convolvuloideae — Ipomoeeae — Ipomoea subg. Ipomoea
Genus Ipomoeasubg. Ipomoea Purple morning glory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Roth (1787)

    Convolvulus purpureus L.
    Pharbitis purpurea (L.) Voigt
    Ipomoea hirsutula Jacq.f.
Common morning-glory,
Tall morning-glory
Introduced from
 neotropics,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [2]

NYFA: X

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Jacq. (1787)

    
    
    
Ivyleaf morning glory,
Entireleaf morning glory,
Mexican morning glory
Introduced from
 Mexico,
 South America,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [3]

NYFA: X
NYFA: 5 counties
xx counties

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Genus Ipomoeasubg. Ipomoea (excluded taxa) Purple morning glory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Roth

1753. Convolvulus hederaceus L.
1762. Convolvulus nil L.
1797. Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth
1834. Pharbitis nil (L.) Choisy
1850. Pharbitis limbata Lindl.
 auct. I. hederaceanon Jacq. (i)
Whiteedge morningglory,
White-edged morning-glory
Introduced from
 Mexico,
 South America,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Tribe Cuscuteae[edit | edit source]

Cuscuta[edit | edit source]

Cuscuta gronovii
scaldweed
The genus Cuscuta (dodder) contains parasitic vines.
Solanales — Convolvulaceae — Cuscutoideae — Cuscuta
Genus Cuscuta Dodder N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
var. gronovii

1820. Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
1916. Epithymum gronovii Nieuwl. & Lunell
Gronovius dodder,
Scaldweed,
Common dodder,
Love dodder,
Swamp dodder
Cuscute de Gronovius
Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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 Willd. ex Schult.
var. latiflora Engelm.

1842. Cuscuta saururi Engelm.
1859. C. gronoviivar. latiflora
1892. C. gronoviivar. saururi
Gronovius dodder,
Scaldweed
Cuscute à fleurs larges
Native,
Unranked

NYFA: ?

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 Englem.

1842. Cuscuta coryli Englem.
1843. Cuscuta crenulata Engelm.
1859. Cuscuta inflexa Engelm.
1916. Epithymum coryli Nieuwl. & Lunell
1973. Grammica coryli Hadač & Chrtek
Hazel dodder
Cuscute du noisetier
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 Engelm.

1842. Cuscuta pentagona Engelm.
1856. C. arvensis Beyr. ex Engelm.
1859. C. arvensisvar. pentagona
1973. Grammica pentagona W.A.Weber
Fiveangled dodder,
Five-angled dodder
Native,
Rare

NYFA: 3

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 Juss. ex Choisy

1842. Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy
1843. Lepidanche adpressa Engelm.
1845. Cuscuta glomeratavar. adpressa
1850. Cuscuta fruticum Bertol.
1859. Cuscuta compactavar. adpressa
Sessile dodder,
Compact dodder,
Dense dodder
Cuscute compacte
Native,
Rare

NYFA: 3

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 Yunck.

1843. Cuscuta pentagonavar. calycina
1859. Cuscuta arvensisvar. calycina
1932. Cuscuta campestris Yunck.
1970. Grammica campestris Hadac & Chrtek
Field dodder,
Prairie dodder,
Yellow dodder
Cuscute des champs
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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 Engelm.

1842. Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelm.
1916. Epithymum cephalanthi Nieuwl. & Lunell
1973. Grammica cephalanthi W.A.Weber
Button-bush dodder Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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 Kunth
var. glandulosa Engelm.

1859. Cuscuta obtusifloravar. glandulosa
1903. Cuscuta glandulosa (Engelm.) Small
Peruvian dodder Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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 Engelm.

1842. Cuscuta polygonorum Engelm.
1843. Cuscuta chlorocarpa Engelm.
Smartweed dodder,
Polygonum dodder
Cuscute des renouées
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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 R.Br.

1810. Cuscuta australis R. Br.
1859. Cuscuta obtusifloravar. australis
Australian dodder,
Southern dodder
Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm

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 Weihe

1824. Cuscuta epilinum Weihe
Flax dodder Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X

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 (L.) L.

1753. Cuscuta europaeavar. epithymum
1774. Cuscuta epithymum (L.) L.
Clover dodder Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 n. Africa,
Unknown naturalization,
SNA GNR

NYFA: Xu

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Big-fruited dodder Introduced

NYFA-Excluded

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Family Solanaceae[edit | edit source]

The Solanaceae (nightshade family)...[1]

Subfamily Schizanthoideae[edit | edit source]

Schizanthus[edit | edit source]

Solanales — Solanaceae — Schizanthoideae — Schizanthus
Genus Schizanthus Schizanthus N.Y. Status Images Distribution NPT
 Ruiz & Pav.

1798. Schizanthus pinnatus Ruiz & Pav.
1849. Schizanthus gracilis Clos
1859. Schizanthus gayanus Phil.
Butterfly-flower,
Poorman's orchid,
Poor-man's-orchid
Introduced from
 Chile,
Unk. naturalization

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

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Subfamily Petunioideae[edit | edit source]

Petunia[edit | edit source]
Solanales — Solanaceae — Petunioideae — Petunia
Genus PetuniaJuss. Petunia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

1794. Nicotiana axillaris Lam.
1888. Petunia axillaris (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
1933. P. parodii Steere
1977. P. axillarisssp. parodii
 auct. P. violaceanon Juss.
White petunia,
Large white petunia,
White moon petunia
Pétunia axillaire
Introduced from
 South America,
Not naturalized

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

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(Hook.) Schinz & Thell.

1831. Salpiglossis integrifolia Hook.
1833. Petunia violacea Lindl.
1911. P. inflata R.E.Fr.
1915. P. integrifolia (Hook.) Schinz & Thell.
Violet petunia,
Violetflower petunia,
Violet-flowered petunia
Pétunia à fleurs violettes
Introduced from
 South America,
Not naturalized

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: m

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D.Don ex Loudon

Petunia axillaris ×
Petunia integrifolia

1834. Nierembergia × atkinsiana Sweet
1839. Petunia × atkinsiana (Sweet) D.Don ex W.H.Baxter
1863. P. × hybrida hort. ex E.Vilm.
Garden petunia,
White petunia
Pétunia d'Atkins
Introduced from
 South America,
Not naturalized

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Xm

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Subfamily Nicotianoideae[edit | edit source]

Tribe Nicotianeae[edit | edit source]

Nicotiana[edit | edit source]
Solanales — Solanaceae — Nicotianoideae — Nicotianeae — Nicotiana
Genus Nicotiana Tobacco N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Link & Otto

1830. Nicotiana alata Link & Otto
    Nicotiana affinis
    
Jasmine tobacco,
Flowering tobacco,
Persian tobacco
Introduced,
S. America native

NYFA: X

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 L.

Aztec tobacco,
Wild tobacco
Introduced

NYFA: X

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 (Graham) Hook.
var. multiflora (Phil.) Reiche

1799. Nicotiana angustifolia Ruiz & Pav.
1864. N. multiflora Phil. non Torr. (1857)
1910. N. acuminatavar. multiflora
Many-flowered tobacco,
Manyflower tobacco
Introduced from
 South America,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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Genus Nicotiana (excluded taxa) Tobacco N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Australian tobacco,
Scented tobacco,
Wild tobacco
Introduced from
 Australia,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Longflower tobacco,
Long-flowered tobacco
Introduced from
 South America,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Subfamily Solanoideae[edit | edit source]

Tribe Nicandreae[edit | edit source]

Nicandra[edit | edit source]
Nicandra physalodes
Apple of Peru or shoo-fly plant

Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Nicandreae — Nicandra
Genus Nicandra Nicandra N.Y. Status Images Distribution NPT
 (L.) Scop.

    Atropa physalodes L.
    Physalodes physalodes (L.) Britton
Apple-of-Peru,
Shoofly plant,
Broadleaf-nightshade,
Nicandra
Introduced from
 Peru,
Unknown naturalization

NYFA: X

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Tribe Hyoscyameae[edit | edit source]

Atropa[edit | edit source]

Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Hyoscyameae — Atropa
Genus Atropa Belladonna N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Atropa bella-donna L.
1779. Belladonna baccifera Lam.
1796. Atropa lethalis Salisb.
1959. Atropa borealis Kreyer ex Pascher
1959. Atropa mediterranea Kreyer ex Pascher
1959. Atropa digitaloides Pascher
1959. Atropa cordata Pascher
Belladonna,
Deadly nightshade,
Belladone,
Morelle furieuse
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
NYFA excluded

NYFA-Excluded
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GBIF

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Hyoscyamus[edit | edit source]
Hyosciamus niger

Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Hyoscyameae — Hyoscyamus
Genus Hyoscyamus Henbane N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Hyoscyamus niger L.
Black henbane,
Stinking nightshade,
Jusquiame noire,
Herbe aux dents
Introduced from
 northern Africa,
 Eurasia,
Unknown naturalization

NYFA: X

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Lycium[edit | edit source]
Lycium barbarum
matrimony vine
Two edible Asian Lycium species have been found to naturalize in New York. These are both cultivated for their fruits, which go by the names wolfberry or goji berry.
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Hyoscyameae — Lycium
Genus LyciumL. Desert-thorn, Wolfberry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Lycium barbarum L.
1768. Lycium halimifolium Mill.
1852. Lycium vulgare Dunal
Common matrimony vine
Barbary matrimony-vine
Matrimony vine
Chinese wolfberry

Lyciet de Barbarie
Lyciet commun
Lyciet
Introduced from
 China,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized

Perennial,
Shrub-vine

NYFA: X

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Mill.

1768. Lycium chinense Mill.
1978. Lycium chinense  var. potaninii  (Pojark.) A.M.Lu
Chinese matrimony vine
Chinese desert-thorn
Chinese boxthorn
Chinese box-thorn

Lyciet de Chine
Introduced from
 Asia,
Naturalized

Perennial,
Shrub-vine

NYFA: X

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Tribe Capsiceae[edit | edit source]

Capsicum[edit | edit source]
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Capsiceae — Capsicum
Genus Capsicum Pepper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NPT
 L.
var. glabriusculum

Capsicum frutescens
Cayenne pepper,
American bird pepper,
Turkey pepper,
Chilipiquin
Introduced,
US South native,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm

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Tribe Datureae[edit | edit source]

Datura[edit | edit source]
Datura stramonium, Jimsonweed

Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Datureae
Genus Datura Jimsonweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Datura stramonium L.
1762. Datura tatula L.
1777. Datura inermis Juss. ex Jacq.
1796. Datura lurida Salisb.
Jimsonweed,
Jimson weed,
Common thorn apple,
Jamestown weed,
Purple thorn-apple
Introduced from
 tropical America,
 Texas to Panama,
 Caribbean,
Moderately invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [4],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized,
NYIS: M 50

NYFA: X
GBIF

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 L.

1753. Datura metel L.
1756. Datura fastuosa L.
1834. Datura alba Nees
1859. Datura chlorantha Hook.
1922. Datura metel  var. fastuosa  (L.) Saff.
Hindu datura,
Hindu thorn-apple,
Downy thorn-apple,
Horn-of-plenty,
Metel
Introduced from
 tropical America,
 Texas to Colombia,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 2 counties
iNat
cultivated only

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 Mill.

1768. Datura i(n)noxia Mill.
1852. Datura meteloides DC. ex Dunal
 auct. Datura metelnon L.
Angel's trumpet,
Sacred datura,
Downy thorn-apple,
Pricklyburr
Introduced from
 Texas,
 Mexico,
 South America,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 2 counties
iNat
Monroe (2021)

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 Regel

1856. Datura metel  var. quinquecuspida  Torr.
1859. Datura wrightii Regel
    Datura inoxia  ssp. quinquecuspida  (Torr.) A.S.Barclay
Sacred thorn-apple,
Sacred thornapple,
Sacred datura
Introduced from
 U.S. southwest,
 Mexico,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [5],
Excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: excluded
iNat
13 counties

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Tribe Physaleae[edit | edit source]

The Physaleae, most known as ground-cherries, have fruit very similar to small tomatoes except that they are each loosely encased in a papery husk formed from their calyx.
Physalis[edit | edit source]
Physalis virginiana
Ground cherries
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Physaleae — Physalis
Genus Physalis Ground cherry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Nees

    
    
    
Clammy ground-cherry Native, CoC: 0,
Secure,
S5, G5

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 Nutt.
var. subglabrata (Mack. & Bush) Cronquist

    Physalis macrophysa
    
    
Longleaf groundcherry,
Long-leaved ground-cherry
Native, CoC: 0,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 Mill.
 var. virginiana

1768. Physalis virginiana Mill.
1895. Physalis virginiana  var. intermedia  Rydb.
1899. Physalis monticola C.Mohr
1903. Physalis intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. ex Small
 auct. Physalis lanceolata
Virginia groundcherry,
Virginia ground-cherry,
Field groundcherry,
Perennial groundcherry
Native, CoC: 0,
Endangered,
No recent reports,
SH, G5

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Z
NYFA: 8 counties
? counties

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(Waterf.) M.Martínez

 auct. Physalis pruinosa sensu Rydb. non L.
1958. Physalis pubescens  var. grisea  Waterf.
1993. Physalis grisea (Waterf.) M.Martínez
Gray ground cherry
Downy ground-cherry
Strawberry-tomato
Hairy ground-cherry
Dwarf cape gooseberry
Native, CoC: 0,
Unranked,
SNR

Annual,
Herb-forb
Albany (1923), Chemung (1897)
NYFA: U

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 Lam.

1786. Physalis philadelphica Lam.
1819. Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem. misapplied
1831. Physalis aequata J. Jacq. ex Nees
 auct. Physalis philadelphica  var. immaculata  Waterf. misapplied
Tomatillo
Mexican husk tomato
Mexican groundcherry
Tomatillo ground-cherry
Alkékenge du Mexique
Introduced from
 Mesoamerica,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized,
SNA, GNR-TNR

UPL

Annual,
Herb-forb
Kings (1992), Tompkins (1923)
NYFA: Xm

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Genus Physalisexcluded Ground cherry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Nutt.

Dwarf groundberry Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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 L.

1753. Physalis pubescens L.
1852. Physalis hirsuta  var. integrifolia  Dunal
1958. Physalis pubescens  var. integrifolia  (Dunal) Waterf.
 auct. Physalis pruinosanon L.
Husk tomato,
Low-hairy ground-cherry
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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L.

1763. Physalis peruviana L.
1807. Physalis edulis Sims
Cape gooseberry
Goldenberry
Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: Excluded
Queens (2017)

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Alkekengi[edit | edit source]
Alkekengi officinarum
Chinese-lantern
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Physaleae — Alkekengi
Genus Alkekengi Ground cherry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Moench

1753. Physalis alkekengi L.
1802. Alkekengi officinarum Moench
Chinese-lantern
Strawberry ground-cherry
Japanese-lantern
Red-flesh Cape-gooseberry
Introduced,
Eurasia native,
SNA, GNR

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

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Leucophysalis[edit | edit source]
Leucophysalis grandiflora
The genus Leucophysalis contains the large-flowered ground-cherrry (L. grandiflora) from the upper Great Lakes and the dwarf chamaesaracha (L. nana) from the western United States.[1]
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Physaleae — Leucophysalis
Genus Leucophysalis Leucophysalis N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Hook.) Rydb.

1837. Physalis grandiflora Hook.
1896. Leucophysalis grandiflora (Hook.) Rydb.
1949. Chamaesaracha grandiflora Fernald
Large false groundcherry,
Large-flowered ground-cherry,
White-flowered ground-cherry
Introduced from
 upper Great Lakes,
N. America native,
Impersistent,
Unknown naturalization
Warren (1901)
NYFA: Xm

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Tribe Solaneae[edit | edit source]

Solanum[edit | edit source]
Solanum subg. Leptostemonum[edit | edit source]
Solanum carolinense
horse nettle
Members of subgenus Leptostemonum are characterized by sharp epidermal prickles, lending the group the common name spiny nightshade. A well-known member is the Asian eggplant (Solanum melongena), which doesn't appear to have escaped cultivation in New York. However, a few New-World Leptostemonum species, including the two North American natives, Carolina horsenettle and buffalo bur, are part of this region's flora. The ivasive tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) is also in this subgenus, though it hasn't yet been reported farther north than Pennsylvania.
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Solaneae — Solanum subg. Leptostemonum
Genus Solanumsect. Lathyrocarpum Nightshade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
var. carolinense

1753. Solanum carolinense L.
    
    
Horse nettle
Carolina horsenettle
Carolina nightshade
Ball nettle
Ball nightshade
Sand briar
Apple-of-Sodom

Morelle de Caroline
Morelle de la Caroline
Native, CoC: 0,
Secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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Genus Solanumsect. Crinitum Nightshade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Dunal (1813)

Buffalo bur,
Beaked-sandbur,
Horned nightshade,
Horse-nettle
Introduced,
N. America native

NYFA: X

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 Lam.

1794. Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam.
Sticky nightshade,
Red buffalo-bur
Introduced from
 South America,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [6],
 GRIIS-US: Alien,
Not naturalized,
SNA

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: 4 counties
iNat
GBIF
Cultivated

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Genus Solanumsect. Acanthophora Nightshade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Dunal (1852)

Tropical soda apple Introduced from
 South America,
Potentially invasive,
Approaching NY[1]

NYFA: 0

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Solanum subg. Solanum sect. Dulcamara[edit | edit source]
Solanum dulcamara
Section Dulcamara contains the climbing bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara).
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Solaneae — Solanum subg. Solanum
Genus Solanumsect. Dulcamara Climbing nightshade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Solanum dulcamara L.
1784. Lycopersicon dulcamara (L.) Medik.
1818. Solanum dulcamara  var. villosissimum  Desv.
1939. Solanum depilatum Kitag.
1972. Solanum kitagawae Schönb.-Tem.
Bittersweet nightshade
Bitter-sweet nightshade
Bitter nightshade
Climbing nightshade
Trailing nightshade
Woody nightshade

Morelle douce-amère
Douce-amère
Herbe à la fièvre
Vigne de Judée
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 49%[1],
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [7],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
iNat
GBIF

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Solanum subg. Solanum sect. Solanum[edit | edit source]
Solanum emulans
Section Solanum is known as the black nightshades, maurella, or the Morelloid Clade of Solanum. This group contains the type species of the genus, Solanum nigrum. Species of this section are non-spiny, herbaceous, and suffrutescent (i.e. they have a somewhat-woody base that does not die down each year).[1]
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Solaneae — Solanum subg. Solanum
Genus Solanumsect. Solanum Nightshade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Raf.

1753. Solanum nigrum  var. virginicum  L.
1768. Solanum americanumauct. non Mill.
1794. Solanum alatum Moench
1809. Solanum miniatum Bernh. ex Willd.
1840. Solanum emulans Raf.
1852. Solanum ptycanthum Dunal[1]
1852. Solanum ptychanthum Dunal
1984. Solanum villosum  ssp. miniatum  (Bernh. ex Willd.) Edmonds
Eastern black nightshade
Black nightshade
West Indian nightshade
American black nightshade

Morelle noire de l'Est
Native, CoC: 0,
Secure,
US & Canada native

FACU

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
iNat
GBIF

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Mill.

1768. Solanum americanum Mill.
1909. Solanum nigrum  var. americanum  (Mill.) O.E.Schulz
American black nightshade

Introduced,
US South native

NYFA: Not listed
iNat
GBIF
2 counties

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 L.
 ssp. nigrum

1753. Solanum nigrum L.
1753. Solanum nigrum  var. vulgare  L.
1790. Solanum vulgatum Baumg.
1826. Solanum vulgare Hegetschw.
European black nightshade
Black nightshade
Blackberry nightshade
Morelle noire
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [8],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
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GBIF

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 Rusby
var. nitidibaccatum (Bitter) Edmonds

1896. Solanum physalifolium Rusby
1912. Solanum nitidibaccatum Bitter
 auct. S. sarachoidesnon Sendtn.
 auct. S. villosumnon Mill.
Green nightshade
Hoe nightshade
Ground-cherry nightshade
Hairy nightshade
Argentine nightshade
Introduced from
 South America,
Unk. naturalization

NYFA: X

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 Mill.

1753. Solanum nigrumvar. villosum
1768. Solanum villosum Mill.
1768. Solanum luteum Mill
    Solanum alatrum
Red nightshade,
Red-fruit nightshade,
Wooly nightshade
Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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  1. USDA-NRCS lists S. ptychanthum as S. ptycanthum. Most sources seem to use the "ch" rather than just the 'c'.
Solanum subg. Potatoe[edit | edit source]
Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Solaneae — Solanum subg. Potatoe sect. Petota
Genus Solanumsubg. Potatoesect. Petotasubsect. Lycopersicon Tomato N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 var. lycopersicum

1753. Solanum lycopersicum L.
1768. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
1813. Lycopersicon pyriforme Dunal nom superfl.
1882. Lycopersicon lycopersicum (L.) H.Karst. nom. rej.
Tomato,
Garden tomato
Tomate,
Tomate comestible
Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X

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Note: [1]
L.

1755. Solanum pimpinellifolium L.
1768. Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (L.) Mill.
    
Currant tomato

Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Genus Solanumsubg. Potatoesect. Petotasubsect. Potatoe Potato N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Solanum tuberosum L.
    
    
Potato,
Irish potato,
White potato
Pomme de terre
Introduced,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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  1. New York Flora Atlas (2013) lists tomato as Lycopersicon esculentum Mill., while other sources list it as Solanum lycopersicum var. lycopersicum.
Solanum subg. Geminata[edit | edit source]
Solanum pseudocapsicum

Solanales — Solanaceae — Solanoideae — Solaneae — Solanum subg. Geminata
Genus Solanumsubg. Geminata Nightshade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L. (1753)

    S. capsicastrum Link ex Schauer
Jerusalem-cherry,
False capsicum,
Winter-cherry
Introduced from
 Mexico,
 South America,
Impersistent,
Not Naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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