Flora of New York/Proteales…Saxifragales

← Ranunculales	Flora of New York: Proteales, Buxales, Hamamelidales, Saxifragales					→ Vitales, Zygophyllales
	Table of contents	Family index	Genus index	Protected species index	Invasive species index

Order Proteales[edit]

The order Proteales...

Nelumbo lutea, Sodus Bay, 1916

Family Nelumbonaceae[edit]

The Nelumbonaceae (lotus family) has two species of aquatic plants found in New York. Nelumbo nucifera is from tropical Asia, and Nelumbo lutea is a North American native that was probably introduced to New York from further south prior to widespread European settlement.

Nelumbonaceae
Nelumbo	Lotus	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	2 C
Nelumbo lutea Willd. (1799) (=) Nelumbium lutea (=) Nelumbo pentapetala	American lotus, Great yellow water-lily, Water-chinquapin, Yellow lotus	Introduced, N. America native, Rare^[1]			NYFA-X NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (1788) (=) Nelumbium nelumbo (=) Nelumbium speciosum (=) Nelumbo speciosa	East Indian lotus, Oriental lotus, Pink lotus, Sacred bean, Sacred lotus	Introduced, No specimens, Invasive^[2]		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X0 ARS FNA Commons
↑ Early botanists considered Nelumbo lutea to be native to the area around Sodus Bay, but it may have been cultivated there by Native Americans using plants brought from the South. It is now extirpated from that area, but naturalized pants persist elsewhere in the state. ↑ Nelumbo nucifera is likely to become invasive if introduced on Long Island.[1]

Family Platanaceae[edit]

The Platanaceae (sycamore family) ...

Platanaceae
Platanus	Sycamore	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	2 C
Platanus occidentalis L. (=) P. occidentalis var. glabrata	Sycamore, American plane-tree, Platane d'Amérique	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Platanus acerifolia (Ait.) Willd. [ occidentalis × orientalis ] (=) P. hispanica auct., non Mill. ex... (=) P. hybrida Brot.^[1]	London planetree, Platane à feuilles d'érable	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
↑ Northern Ontario Plant Database: Synonymy - Platanus ×acerifolia

Order Buxales[edit]

The order Buxales...

Family Buxaceae[edit]

The Buxaceae (box family)

Subfamily Buxoideae[edit]

Buxaceae – subfam. Buxoideae
Buxus	Boxwood	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Buxus sempervirens	Common boxwood	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X Commons

Subfamily Pachysandroideae[edit]

Tribe Pachysandreae[edit]

Buxaceae – subfam. Pachysandroideae – tribe Pachysandreae
Pachysandra	Pachysandra	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Pachysandra procumbens	Allegheny spurge	Introduced, US South native, No NY reports			NRCS-N Commons
Pachysandra terminalis	Japanese spurge, Japanese pachysandra	Introduced, Invasive		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X MIPC WW Commons

Order Hamamelidales[edit]

Family Paeoniaceae[edit]

The Paeoniaceae (peony family)...

Paeoniaceae
Paeonia	Peony	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Paeonia lactiflora Pall.	Chinese peony	Introduced, Rarely spreads			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Family Altingiaceae[edit]

The Altingiaceae (sweetgum family)...

Altingiaceae
Liquidambar	Sweet gum	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Liquidambar styraciflua L.	American storax, American sweetgum, Sweetgum	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-N0 ARS ITIS FNA Commons

Family Hamamelidaceae[edit]

The Hamamelidaceae...

Subfamily Hamamelidoideae[edit]

Tribe Hamamelideae[edit]

Hamamelidaceae – subfam. Hamamelidoideae – tribe Hamamelideae
Hamamelis	Witchhazel	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Hamamelis virginiana L. (1753)	American witch-hazel, Café du diable	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons

Family Cercidiphyllaceae[edit]

The Cercidiphyllaceae...

Cercidiphyllaceae
Cercidiphyllum	Katsura-tree	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold & Zucc. 1846	Katsura-tree	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X0 ARS ITIS Commons

Order Saxifragales[edit]

The order Saxifragales has about 15 families worldwide. Of these, five are represented in New York.

Family Crassulaceae[edit]

The Crassulaceae (orpine family)...

Subfamily Crassuloideae[edit]

Crassulaceae – subfam. Crassuloideae
Crassula	Pygmyweed	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl.	Water pigmy-weed	Native, Endangered			NYFA-1 NRCS-NN Commons

Subfamily Sempervivoideae[edit]

Tribe Umbiliceae[edit]

Crassulaceae – subfam. Sempervivoideae – tribe Umbiliceae
Rhodiola	Stonecrop	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	2 C
Rhodiola integrifolia Raf. ssp. leedyi (=) Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi (=) Sedum roseum ssp. leedyi	Leedy's roseroot	Native, Endangered			NYFA-1 NRCS-N0 Commons
Rhodiola rosea L. (=) Rhodiola roanensis Britton (=) Sedum rosea (L.) Scop.	Roseroot stonecrop	Native, Endangered			NYFA-1 NRCS-NN Commons
Hylotelephium	Stonecrop	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	4 C
Hylotelephium telephioides (Michx.) H.Ohba	Allegheny stonecrop	Native, Endangered		x90px	NYFA-Z NRCS-NX Commons
Hylotelephium erythrostictum (Miq.) H.Ohba	Garden stonecrop	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Hylotelephium spectabile (Boreau) H.Ohba	Showy stonecrop	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Hylotelephium telephium (L.) H.Ohba. ssp. telephium (=) Sedum telephium L (=) Sedum triphyllum (Haw.) Gray	Garden stonecrop, Witch's moneybags	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Phedimus	Phedimus	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Phedimus spurius (M.Bieb.) 'tHart (1995) (=) Sedum spurium M.Bieb. (=) Spathulata spuria (M.Bieb.) A.&D.Löve	Caucasian stonecrop, Two-rowed stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Tribe Semperviveae[edit]

Crassulaceae – subfam. Sempervivoideae – tribe Semperviveae
Sempervivum	Houseleek	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Sempervivum tectorum	Common houseleek, Hen-and-chickens	Introduced		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Tribe Sedeae[edit]

Crassulaceae – subfam. Sempervivoideae – tribe Sedeae
Sedum	Stonecrop	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	8 C
Sedum ternatum Michx. (=) Clausenellia ternata	Wood stonecrop, Woodland stonecrop	Introduced, US South native			NYFA-X NRCS-NX Commons
Sedum acre L.	Goldmoss stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Sedum album L.	White stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Sedum hispanicum L.	Spanish stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Sedum kamtschaticum Fisch. & C.A.Mey.	Orange stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Sedum rupestre L. (=) Petrosedum reflexum (L.) Grulich (=) Sedum reflexum L.	Jenny's stonecrop, Reflexed stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Sedum sarmentosum Bunge	Stringy stonecrop	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Sedum ochroleucum Chaix (=) Sedum anopetalum DC.	European stonecrop	Introduced, No specimens		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons

Family Haloragaceae[edit]

The Haloragaceae (watermilfoil family)...

Tribe Myriophylleae[edit]

Genus Proserpinaca[edit]

Haloragaceae – tribe Myriophylleae – genus Proserpinaca
Proserpinaca	Mermaidweed	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	3 C
Proserpinaca palustris L. var. crebra	Marsh mermaidweed	Native, Likely secure		x90px	NYFA-4 NRCS-NN Commons
Proserpinaca palustris L. var. palustris	Marsh mermaidweed	Native, Especially vulnerable		x90px	NYFA-1? NRCS-NN Commons
Proserpinaca pectinata Lam.	Comb-leaved mermaid-weed	Native, Threatened		x90px	NYFA-2 NRCS-NN Commons

Genus Myriophyllum[edit]

Haloragaceae – tribe Myriophylleae – genus Myriophyllum
Myriophyllum	Water-milfoil	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	10 C
Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. (1803)	Broad-leaved water-milfoil, Variable-leaf water-milfoil, Two-leaf water-milfoil	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS Commons
Myriophyllum humile (Raf.) Morong	Low water-milfoil	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Myriophyllum sibiricum Kom. (1914)	Northern water-milfoil, Shortspike watermilfoil	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS Commons
Myriophyllum tenellum Bigel.	Slender water-milfoil	Native, Likely secure		x90px	NYFA-4 Commons
Myriophyllum verticillatum L.	Whorled water-milfoil	Native, Likely secure		x90px	NYFA-4 Commons
Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC.	Alternateflower watermilfoil, Alternate-flowered water-milfoil	Native, Threatened			NYFA-2 NRCS-NN Commons
Myriophyllum farwellii Morong	Farwell's water-milfoil	Native, Threatened			NYFA-2 Commons
Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.	Cutleaf watermilfoil, Cut-leaved water-milfoil, Green parrotfeather	Native, Endangered		x90px	NYFA-1 NRCS-NN ITIS Commons
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.	Parrot-feather, Parrot feather watermilfoil	Introduced, Invasive		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Myriophyllum spicatum L.	Eurasian water-milfoil, Spike watermilfoil	Introduced, Highly invasive		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX NE-1^[1] Commons
↑ Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service

Family Penthoraceae[edit]

The Penthoraceae Rydb. ex Britton, nom. cons.^[1]

Penthoraceae
Penthorum	Penthorum	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Penthorum sedoides L.	Ditch-stonecrop	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
↑ Flora of North America, Vol. 8 Page 44, 148, 230: Penthoraceae Rydberg ex Britton "Cronquist (1981) considered it to be transitional between Crassulaceae and Saxifragaceae. … Molecular studies suggest that the genus is sister to Haloragaceae. … Recent authors often have placed it in the monogeneric Penthoraceae."

Family Grossulariaceae[edit]

The Grossulariaceae (gooseberry family)...

Genus Ribes[edit]

Ribes can be grouped into the currants, which are generally thornless with small berries, and the gooseberries, which generally have thorns and larger berries.

Ribes subg. Ribes[edit]

Subgenus Ribes contains the currants.

Grossulariaceae – genus Ribes – subg. Ribes
Ribes subg. Ribes	Currant	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	11 C
Ribes americanum Mill. 1768 1915. Coreosma americana (Mill.) Nieuwl.	American black currant, Wild black currant, Blank currant, Groseillier d'Amérique, Gadellier d’Amérique	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes glandulosum Grauer 1784 1785. Ribes prostratum L'Hér. 1813. Ribes resinosum Pursh	Skunk currant, Wild currant, Gadellier glanduleux	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes triste Pall. 1797 1856. Ribes rubrum var. propinquum 1907. Ribes triste var. albinervium 1966. Ribes rubrum var. alaskanum	Red currant, Swamp red currant, Wild red currant, Gadellier amer	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes aureum Pursh var. villosum DC. 1828 1825. Ribes odoratum H.L.Wendl.	Buffalo currant, Clove currant, Golden currant, Missouri currant, Groseillier doré	Introduced, N. America native		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-NX ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes nigrum L. 1753 1929. Ribes cyathiforme Pojark.	Black currant, European black currant, Garden black currant, Gadellier noir, Groseillier noir, Cassis, Cassissier	Introduced, Eurasia native		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes rubrum L. 1753 1789. Ribes vulgare Lam. 1826. Ribes sylvestre Mert. & W.D.J.Koch 1865. Ribes sativum (Rchb.) Syme	Northern red currant, Red garden currant, Cultivated currant, Groseillier rouge	Introduced, Europe native		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX ARS ITIS FNA Commons

Ribes subg. Grossularia[edit]

Subgenus Grossularia contains the gooseberries.

Grossulariaceae – genus Ribes – subg. Grossularia
Ribes subg. Grossularia	Gooseberry	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	11 C
Ribes cynosbati L. 1753 1768. Grossularia cynosbati (L.) Mill. 1901. Ribes huronense Rydb.	Prickly gooseberry, Eastern prickly gooseberry, American gooseberry, Dogbramble, Pasture gooseberry, Groseillier des chiens	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes hirtellum Michx. 1803 1838. Grossularia hirtella (Michx.) Spach	Smooth gooseberry, Wild gooseberry, Hairystem gooseberry, Wedge-leaf gooseberry, Groseillier hérissé	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes rotundifolium Michx. 1803 1908. Grossularia rotundifolia Coville & Britton	Appalachian gooseberry, Wild gooseberry	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-N0 ARS ITIS FNA Commons
Ribes uva-crispa L. 1753 var. sativum DC. 1753. Ribes grossularia L. 1753. Ribes reclinatum L. 1768. Grossularia reclinata (L.) Mill. 1830. Ribes uva-crispa ssp. reclinatum Rchb.	European gooseberry, English gooseberry, Groseillier épineux, Groseillier deshaies, Groseillier vert	Introduced, Eurasia native, N. Africa native		x90px	NYFA-X NRCS-XX ARS ITIS FNA Commons

Ribes subg. Grossularioides[edit]

Grossulariaceae – genus Ribes – subg. Grossularioides
Ribes subg. Grossularioides	Currant / Gooseberry	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	11 C
Ribes lacustre (Pers.) Poir. 1812 1805. Ribes oxycanthoides var. lacustre Pers. 1876. Ribes lacustre var. parvulum A.Gray 1917. Limnobotrya lacustris (Pers.) Rydb.	Bristly black currant, Bristly black gooseberry, Prickly currant, Swamp gooseberry, Gadellier lacustre	Native, Likely secure		x90px	NYFA-4 NRCS-NN ARS ITIS FNA Commons

Family Saxifragaceae[edit]

The Saxifragaceae (family)...

Subfamily Saxifragoideae[edit]

Tribe Saxifrageae[edit]

Saxifragaceae – subfam. Saxifragoideae – tribe Saxifrageae
Saxifraga	Saxifrage	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	5 C
Saxifraga virginiensis Michx. var. virginiensis (=) Micranthes virginiensis	Virginia saxifrage	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Saxifraga pensylvanica L. (=) Micranthes pensylvanica (L.) Haw. (=) Saxifraga forbesii Vasey	Eastern swamp saxifrage, Swamp saxifrage	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Saxifraga aizoides L.	Yellow mountain saxifrage	Native, Threatened			NYFA-2 NRCS-NN Commons
Saxifraga oppositifolia ssp. oppositifolia	Purple mountain saxifrage	Native, Endangered		x90px	NYFA-1 NRCS-NN Commons
Saxifraga paniculata ssp. neogaea (=) Chondrosea paniculata (=) Saxifraga aizoon ssp. neogaea (=) Saxifraga aizoon var. neogaea	White mountain saxifrage	Native, Endangered			NYFA-1 NRCS-NN Commons

Subfamily Heucheroideae[edit]

Tribe Chrysosplenieae[edit]

Saxifragaceae – subfam. Heucheroideae – tribe Chrysosplenieae
Chrysosplenium	Golden saxifrage	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Chrysosplenium americanum	American golden saxifrage	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4 NRCS-NN Commons

Tribe Heuchereae[edit]

Saxifragaceae – subfam. Heucheroideae – tribe Heuchereae
Tiarella	Foamflower	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Tiarella cordifolia	Heartleaf foamflower, Heart-leaved foam-flower	Native, Secure		x90px	NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Mitella	Miterwort	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	3 C
Mitella diphylla	Two-leaved bishop's-cap, Two-leaved miterwort, Coolwort	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Mitella nuda L. (=) Mitella prostrata Michx.	Naked bishop's-cap, Naked miterwort, Creeping bishop's cap	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4 NRCS-NN Commons
Mitella × intermedia [ M. diphylla × M. nuda ]	Miterwort, Bishop's-cap	Native, Especially vulnerable		x90px	NYFA-1? NRCS-N0 Commons
Heuchera	Alumroot	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	2 C
Heuchera americana var. americana	American alumroot	Native, Vulnerable			NYFA-3 NRCS-NN Commons
Heuchera villosa var. villosa	Hairy alumroot	Introduced, N. America native			NYFA-X NRCS-N0 Commons
Astilbe	False-goat's-beard	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Astilbe japonica	Florist's-spiraea	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons

[1] Early botanists considered Nelumbo lutea to be native to the area around Sodus Bay, but it may have been cultivated there by Native Americans using plants brought from the South. It is now extirpated from that area, but naturalized pants persist elsewhere in the state.

[2] Nelumbo nucifera is likely to become invasive if introduced on Long Island.[1]

[3] Northern Ontario Plant Database: Synonymy - Platanus ×acerifolia

[NE1-4] Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service

[5] Flora of North America, Vol. 8 Page 44, 148, 230: Penthoraceae Rydberg ex Britton "Cronquist (1981) considered it to be transitional between Crassulaceae and Saxifragaceae. … Molecular studies suggest that the genus is sister to Haloragaceae. … Recent authors often have placed it in the monogeneric Penthoraceae."

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