Flora of New York/Ranunculales

← Commelinales, Zingiberales, Ceratophyllales	Flora of New York — Ranunculales : Lardizabalaceae, Menispermaceae, Berberidaceae, Ranunculaceae, Papaveraceae				→ Proteales… Saxifragales
	Table of contents	Genus index	Protected species index	Invasive species index

Superorder Ceratophyllanae is the probable sister of the eudicots. Its only order Ceratophyllales contains a single living genus. Superorders Ranunculanae, Proteanae, and Buxanae, are in the basal grade of eudicots.

The order Ranunculales has about 93 taxa found outside of cultivation in New York. Ranunculales families include:

• Circaeasteraceae (2 Chinese species, none in NY)
• Lardizabalaceae (1 species of Akebia in NY)
• Menispermaceae (1 species of moonseed in NY)
• Berberidaceae (barberry, 8 taxa in 5 genera in NY)
• Ranunculaceae (68 taxa in 20 genera, Ranunculus the largest)
• Papaveraceae (poppies, 15 taxa in 8 genera in NY)

Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
sister to eudicots	Ceratophyllales	Ceratophyllaceae	—	—	Ceratophyllum	hornwort	2
basal eudicots	Ranunculales	Lardizabalaceae	Lardizabaloideae	Akebieae	Akebia	chocolate vine, fiveleaf akebia	1
		Menispermaceae	Menispermoideae	Menispermeae	Menispermum	moonseed	1
		Berberidaceae	Podophylloideae	Leonticeae	Caulophyllum	blue cohosh	2
				Podophylleae	Podophyllum	mayapple, wild mandrake	1
					Jeffersonia	twinleaf, rheumatism-root	1
			Berberidoideae	Berberideae	Berberis	barberry	3
					Mahonia	Oregon grape	1
		Ranunculaceae	Hydrastoideae	Hydrastideae	Hydrastis	golden-seal, yellow puccoon	1
			Coptidoieae	Coptideae	Coptis	goldthread, three-leaved goldthread	1
				Xanthorhizeae	Xanthorhiza	yellowroot	1
			Thalictroideae	Aquilegieae	Aquilegia	columbine, wild columbine	2
					Enemion	false rue anemone	1
				Thalictreae	Thalictrum	meadow rue	7
			Ranunculoideae	Actaeeae	Actaea	baneberry	5
					Eranthis	winter aconite	1
				Caltheae	Caltha	marsh marigold	1
					Trollius	globeflower	1
					Adonis	pheasant's eye	2
				Delphinieae	Aconitum	monkshood	3
					Delphinium	lark-spur	1
					Consolida	knight's-spur, lark-spur	2
				Nigelleae	Nigella	love-in-a-mist	1
				Helleboreae	Helleborus	hellebore, Christmas-rose	2
				Anemoneae	Anemone	hepatica, thimbleweed	9
					Clematis	leather flower, virgin's-bower	6
				Ranunculeae	Halerpestes	seaside crowfoot	1
					Ceratocephala	curvseed butterwort	1
					Ficaria	celadine	1
					Ranunculus	buttercup, crowfoot, spearwort	23
		Papaveraceae	Papaveroideae	Papavereae	Argemone	pricklypoppy	2
					Papaver	poppy	6
				Chelidonieae	Sanguinaria	bloodroot, red puccuoon	1
					Chelidonium	greater celandine	1
					Macleaya	plume poppy	1
					Glaucium	hornpoppy	2
					Stylophorum	celandine-poppy	1
				Eschscholtzieae	Eschscholzia	California poppy	1
			Fumarioideae	Fumarieae	Dicentra	bleeding-heart, Dutchman's breeches	3
					Lamprocapnos	Asian bleeding-heart	1
					Adlumia	climbing fumitory	1
					Capnoides	harlequin, pink corydalis	1
					Corydalis	fumewort, corydalis	3
					Fumaria	fumitory	1
					Pseudofumaria	rock fumitory, yellow corydalis	1
	Proteales	Nelumbonaceae	−	−	Nelumbo	lotus	2
		Platanaceae	−	−	Platanus	sycamore	2
	Buxales	Buxaceae	Buxoideae	−	Buxus	boxwood	1
			Pachysandroideae	Pachysandreae	Pachysandra	spurge	2

Family Lardizabalaceae

The Lardizabalaceae (lardizabala family)...

Subfamily Lardizabaloideae

Tribe Akebieae

Akebia

Ranunculales — Lardizabalaceae — Lardizabaloideae — Akebieae — Akebia
Akebia	Chocolate-vine	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Akebia quinata  (Houtt.) Dcne. 1779. Rajania quinata Houtt. 1839. Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Dcne.	Fiveleaf akebia, Chocolate vine	Introduced from  Asia, Moderately invasive, NYIS: 52%, CP-4			NYFA-X USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Family Menispermaceae

The Menispermaceae (moonseed family)...

Subfamily Menispermoideae

Tribe Menispermeae

Menispermum

Ranunculales — Menispermaceae — Menispermoideae — Menispermeae — Menispermum
Menispermum	Moonseed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Menispermum canadense  L. 1753. Menispermum canadense L.	Canada moonseed, Common moonseed, Yellow Parilla, Carolina moonseed Ménisperme du Canada, Raison de couleuvre	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Family Berberidaceae

The Berberidaceae (barberry family) contains several herbaceous genera that are associated with their native woodland wildflowers, including Caulophyllum (blue cohosh), Podophyllum (mayapple), and Jeffersonia (twinleaf). But the family also contains the non-native ornamental shrubs (some highly invasive) known as barberry in the Berberis and closely-related Manonia genera.

Subfamily Podophylloideae

Tribe Leonticeae

Caulophyllum

Caulophyllum giganteum early blue cohosh Caulophyllum contains the two blue cohosh species found in New York, but it does not include black cohosh, which is not only in a separate genus (Actaea), but also in a different family (Ranunculaceae, below). Blue cohosh leaves have a similarity to Thalictrum (meadow rue) leaves, accounting for the specific epithet thalictroides. Caulophyllum giganteum (early blue cohosh), appears earlier in the spring than C. thalictroides and has purple flowers instead of yellow.

Ranunculales — Berberidaceae — Podophylloideae — Leonticeae — Caulophyllum
Caulophyllum	Blue cohosh	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Caulophyllum thalictroides  (L.) Michx. 1753. Leontice thalictroides L. 1803. Caulophyllum thalictroides Michx.	Blue cohosh, Squaw-root, Papoose-root Caulophylle faux-pigamon	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images, wsp
Caulophyllum giganteum (Farw.) Loconte & W.H.Blackw. 1918. Caulophyllum thalictroides var. giganteum Farw. 1981. Caulophyllum giganteum Loconte & W.H.Blackw.	Northern blue cohosh, Giant blue cohosh, Early blue cohosh	Native, Vulnerable			NYFA-3-5 USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Images, wsp

Differences between early and late blue cohoshes

Caulophyllum species	Flowering time	Flowers per inflorescence	Sepal color	Sepal length
C. gigantium   (early blue cohosh)	flowers before leaf expansion, 10-15 days before C. thalictroides	4 - 8	purple - purple-brown	6 - 9 mm
C. thalictroides   (late blue cohosh)	flowers with leaves, 10-15 days after C. gigantium	5 - 70	yellow - yellow-green	3 - 6 mm

Tribe Podophylleae

Podophyllum

Ranunculales — Berberidaceae — Podophylloideae — Podophylleae — Podophyllum
Podophyllum	Mayapple	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Podophyllum peltatum  L. 1753. Podophyllum peltatum L.	May-apple, Indian-apple, Wild-mandrake Pomme de mai	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images, wsp

Jeffersonia

twinleaf Although twinleaf is listed as threatened in New York, its populations have probably remained fairly stable. Because its native habitat includes ravines, its scarcity is more a matter of New York being at the northern edge of its natural range than it is of recent habitat loss. However, invasion of its habitat by exotic plants like garlic mustard and swallow-wort is currently a concern.

Ranunculales — Berberidaceae — Podophylloideae — Podophylleae — Jeffersonia
Jeffersonia	Twinleaf	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Jeffersonia diphylla  (L.) Pers. 1753. Podophyllum diphyllum L. 1805. Jeffersonia diphylla (L.) Pers.	Twinleaf, Twin-leaf, Rheumatism-root	Native, C:7, Threatened, NYNHP: 2			NYFA-2 USDA-N ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP Images, wsp

Subfamily Berberidoideae

Tribe Berberideae

Berberis

Berberis thunbergii Although there are a few North American native barberry species, none are known to have naturalized in New York State (unless Mahonia is included in Berberis). The closest reported occurrence is of Berberis canadensis (American barberry) in Huntington County in south-central Pennsylvania. However the two Eurasian barberries, Berberis thunbergii and Berberis vulgaris are quite common and considered to be invasive in New York. If fact, the sale of fertile Japanese barberry (B. thunbergii) is now prohibited in the state.

Berberis sect. Berberis

Barberry differentiation

Barberry species	Leaf margin	Spines / thorns	Flowers
Berberis thunbergii, Japanese barberry	Entire (smooth)	1 (or 1 with 2 short side-branches)	Sessile umbel
Berberis vulgaris, European barberry	Serrate (toothed)	3 (or 1 with 2 long side-branches)	Racemes of 10-25
Berberis × ottawensis, Ottawa barberry	Entire (smooth)	1 to 3	Subumbellate-raceme
Berberis canadensis, American barberry	Serrate (toothed)	3 (or 1 with 2 long side-branches)	Racemes of 5-10

Ranunculales — Berberidaceae — Berberidoideae — Berberis
Berberis	Barberry	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Berberis thunbergii  DC. 1821. Berberis thunbergii DC. 1926. B. thunbergii var. atropurpurea	Japanese barberry Épine-vinette du Japon	Introduced from  eastern Asia, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 91%, Prohibited, CP-2 NE-1			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos CABI Images, wsp
Berberis vulgaris  L. 1753. Berberis vulgaris L. 1845. B. vulgaris var. purpurea 1860. B. vulgaris fo. atropurpurea 1869. B. jacquinii hort. ex K.Koch 1869. B. sanguinea hort. ex K.Koch	Common barberry, European barberry, Jaundice-berry Épine-vinette commune, Épine-vinette, Berbéris vulgaire, Berbéride vulgaire	Introduced from  Eurasia, Moderately invasive, NYIS: 69%, CP-3 NE-2			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Berberis × ottawensis C.K.Schneid.   Berberis thunbergii ×   Berberis vulgaris 1927. Berberis × ottawensis C.K.Schneid.	Hybrid barberry, Ottawa barberry	Introduced, Potentially invasive, Present in New Eng.		Clinton (2014)	NYFA-Xn USDA-XX Go Botany Images, wsp
Berberis julianae  C.K.Schneid. 1913. Berberis julianae C.K.Schneid.	Juliana's berberis, Wintergreen barberry, Chinese barberry	Introduced from  China, Single population, Not naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images, wsp
Berberis (unlisted taxa)	Barberry	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Berberis koreana  Palibin. 1899. Berberis koreana Palibin.	Korea barberry	Introduced from  Asia, No specimens, Present in Vermont			Go Botany Images, wsp
Berberis canadensis  Mill. 1768. Berberis canadensis Mill. 1869. B. fischeri hort. ex K.Koch* 1894. B. angulizans hort. ex Massias	American barberry, Allegheny barberry	N. America native			USDA-N0 FNA BONAP Images, wsp

Berberis sect. Mahonia

Berberis aquifolium Berberis sect. Mahonia has also been treated as a separate genus Mahonia. It contains the Oregon grape, which is native to the west coast of North America. It is considered very invasive in Europe and is known to escape cultivation throughout New York.

Ranunculales — Berberidaceae — Berberidoideae — Berberis sect. Mahonia
Berberis	Barberry	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Berberis aquifolium  (Pursh) Nutt. 1813. Berberis aquifolium Pursh 1818. Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. 1906. Odostemon aquifolium (Pursh) Rydb. 1931. Mahonia diversifolia Sweet 1934. Mahonia piperiana Abrams 1939. Berberis piperiana McMinn 1940. Berberis diversifolia Steud.	Oregon grape, Piper's Oregon-grape, Oregon holly-grape, Tall mahonia, Hollyleaved barberry Mahonia à   feuilles de houx, Mahonia faux-houx, Faux-houx, Mahonia	Introduced from  western N. America, N. America native			NYFA-Xn? USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP IPN LBJ CABI Images, wsp

Family Ranunculaceae

The Ranunculaceae...

Subfamily Hydrastoideae

Tribe Hydrastideae

Hydrastis

Hydrastis canadensis

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Hydrastoideae — Hydrastideae — Hydrastis
Hydrastis	Goldenseal	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hydrastis canadensis  L.	Goldenseal, Golden-seal, Orange-root, Yellow-puccoon Hydraste du Canada, Sceau d'or	Native, C:9, Threatened, NYNHP: 2 Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-2 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN BONAP Images, wsp Note: FLNPS

Subfamily Coptidoideae

Tribe Coptideae

Coptis

Coptis trifolia Goldthread (Coptis trifolia)

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Coptidoideae — Coptideae
Coptis	Goldthread	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Coptis trifolia  (L.) Salisb. 1753. Helleborus trifolius L. 1771. Anemone groenlandica Oeder 1807. Coptis trifolia (L.) Salisb. 1929. Coptis groenlandica (Oeder) Fernald 1937. Coptis trifolia ssp. groenlandica (Oeder) Hultén 1947. Coptis trifolia var. groenlandica (Oeder) Fassett	Goldthread Three-leaved goldthread Threeleaf goldthread Yellow snakeroot Goldenroot American goldthread Canker-root Savoyane Coptide du Groenland Coptide savoyane Sabouillane	Native, Secure FACW Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Images, wsp

Tribe Xanthorhizeae

Xanthorhiza

Xanthorhiza simplicissima yellowroot Shrub yellowroot (Xanthorhiza simplicissima) is the only species of its genus and one of the few woody plants in the Ranunculaceae. It is native to the southeastern US and introduced in parts the northeast. Its naturalization status in New York is uncertain.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Coptidoideae — Xanthorhizeae
Xanthorhiza	Yellowroot	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Xanthorhiza simplicissima Marshall 1785. X. simplicissima Marshall     X. apiifolia L'Héritier	Yellowroot, Brook-feather, Shrub yellowroot	Introduced, N. America native		Bronx Columbia Schenectady Suffolk Westchester	NYFA-X USDA-N0 Go Botany NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp

Subfamily Thalictroideae

Tribe Aquilegieae

Aquilegia

Aquilegia canadensis red columbine Columbine (Aquilegia) includes at least 22 species that are native to western North America, but only red columbine (A. canadensis) appears to be native in the east. European columbine is also common in New York State, where it has naturalized.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Thalictroideae — Aquilegieae — Aquilegia
Aquilegia	Columbine	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Aquilegia canadensis  L. 1753. Aquilegia canadensis L.	Wild columbine Red columbine Wild red columbine Canadian columbine Red-bell Honeysuckle Meeting-houses Ancolie du Canada	Native, C:5, Secure FACU Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA LBJ Images, wsp
Aquilegia vulgaris	European columbine	Introduced N. R. Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images, wsp

Enemion

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Thalictroideae — Aquilegieae — Enemion
Enemion	False-rue-anemone	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Enemion biternatum  Raf. Isopyrum biternatum	Eastern false rue anemone, False rue-anemone	Native, Likely extirpated			NYFA-Z USDA-NN Images, wsp

Tribe Thalictreae

Thalictrum

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Thalictroideae — Thalictreae
Thalictrum sect. Anemonella	Meadow-rue	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) A.J.Eames & B.Boivin 1753. Anemone thalictroides L. 1803. Thalictrum anemonoides Michx. 1805. Thalictrum anemoides Maxim. ** 1832. Syndesmon thalictroides Hoffmanns. 1839. Anemonella thalictroides Spach 1957. Thalictrum thalictroides	Rue anemone, Windflower Pigamon à ombelles	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images, wsp
Thalictrum sect. Heterogamia	Meadow-rue	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Thalictrum dioicum  L. 1753. Thalictrum dioicum L. 1803. Thalictrum laevigatum Michx. 1832. Thalictrum pauciflorum Raf. 1885. Thalictrum pulchellum Pursh ** 1914. Leucocoma dioica (L.) Nieuwl.	Early meadow-rue, Quicksilver-weed Pigamon dioïque	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Thalictrum venulosum  Trelease var. confine (Fernald) Boivin     Thalictrum confine Fernald     Thalictrum turneri B.Boivin	Early meadow-rue, Veined meadow-rue, Veiny meadow-rue	Native, Endangered			NYFA-1 USDA-NN Images, wsp
Thalictrum sect. Leucocoma	Meadow-rue	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Thalictrum pubescens  Pursh     T. carolinianum var. subpubescens     T. perelegans     T. polygamum Muhl. ex Spreng.	King of the meadow, Late meadow-rue, Tall meadow-rue, Meadow-weed, Muskrat-weed Pigamon pubescent	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Images, wsp
Thalictrum revolutum  DC.     T. amphibolum Greene     T. hepaticum Greene     T. moseleyi Greene	Purple meadow-rue, Skunk meadow-rue, Wax-leaved meadow-rue, Waxyleaf meadow-rue	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany Images, wsp
Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé-Lall.     T. dasycarpum var. hypoglaucum     T. hypoglaucum Rydb.	Purple meadow-rue	Introduced, N. America native			NYFA-X USDA-NN FNA Images, wsp
Thalictrum sect. ?	Meadow-rue	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Thalictrum aquilegiifolium  L.	Columbine meadow-rue, French meadow-rue, Greater meadow-rue	Introduced, Rare, Eurasia native			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany-0 ITIS Images, wsp

Subfamily Ranunculoideae

The Ranunculoideae contains the New York tribes Actaeeae, Anemoneae, Caltheae, Delphinieae, Helleboreae, Nigelleae, and Ranunculeae.

Tribe Actaeeae

The tribe Actaeeae contains the genera Actaea, Anemonopsis, Beesia, and Eranthis. Of these, Actaea and Eranthis have species found outside of cultivation in New York. This tribe has also gone by the name Cimicifugeae.

Actaea

Actaea rubra red baneberry Here the genus Cimicifuga (bugbane) is included in Actaea (baneberry) as per Compton (1998). Berry-color alone can't be used to distinguish red and white baneberry from each other. Even at maturity, red baneberry (Actaea rubra) plants frequently have white fruit (sometimes differentiated as forma neglecta). Red or pink berries on white baneberry, Actaea pachypoda (fo. rubrocarpa), are less common and may indicate that the plant is a hybrid (Actaea ×ludovici) of the two species. A better way to distinguish red and white baneberry is to observe the color and width of the fruit pedicels. Red baneberry has brown or greenish pedicels that are thinner than the axis of their raceme. White baneberry has bright red and much thicker pedicels that are about the same diameter as the raceme axis.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Actaeeae — Actaea
Actaea L.	Baneberry	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Actaea rubra  (Aiton) Willd. 1789. Actaea spicata var. rubra Aiton 1809. Actaea rubra (Aiton) Willd. 1838. Actaea arguta Nutt. 1857. Actaea rubra var. arguta (Nutt.) Torr. 1944. Actaea rubra ssp. arguta (Nutt.) Hultén 1914. Christophoriana rubra (Aiton) Nieuwl.	Red baneberry, Snakeberry Actée rouge	Native, C:7, Secure FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Sun-shade			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Actaea pachypoda  Elliott 1753. Actaea spicata var. alba L. nom. rej. 1768. Actaea alba auct. non (L.) Mill. 1813. Actaea americana var. alba (L.) Pursh 1821. Actaea pachypoda Elliott 1914. Christophoriana alba (L.) Nieuwl.	White baneberry, Doll's-eyes, White cohosh Actée à gros pédicelles, Actée blanche	Native, C:7, Secure UPL Perennial, Herb-forb, Part shade-shade			NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Actaea × ludovici  B.Boivin   Actaea pachypoda ×   Actaea rubra 1940. A. pachypoda fo. rubrocarpa Fernald 1967. Actaea × ludovicii B.Boivin	Louis’s baneberry, Hybrid  Red baneberry &  White baneberry	Native, Vulnerable			NYFA-3-4 USDA-N Go Botany ITIS FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Actaea racemosa  L. 1753. Actaea racemosa L. 1788. Actaea monogyna Walter 1813. Cimicifuga serpentaria (L.) Pursh n.i. 1818. Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. 1890. C. racemosa var. dissecta A.Gray 1891. Thalictrodes racemosa (L.) Kuntze 1998. A. racemosa var. dissecta J.Compton	Black cohosh, Black snakeroot, Bugbane, Black baneberry, Black bugbane, Fairy candle Cimicaire à grappes	Native, C:7, Likely secure UPL Perennial, Herb/forb, Part-full shade			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Actaea L. (excluded taxa)	Bugbane	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Actaea podocarpa  DC.	Mountain bugbane	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-N0 Images, wsp
Actaea rubifolia  (Kearney) Kartesz 1897. Cimicifuga rubifolia Kearney 1999. Actaea rubifolia Kartesz  auct. Actaea cordifolia non DC.  auct. Cimicifuga racemosa var. cordifolia non (DC.) A.Gray  auct. C. cordifolia non (DC.) Torr. & A.Gray	Appalachian bugbane	Introduced, US South native			NYFA-0 USDA-N0 FNA NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp

Eranthis

Eranthis hyemalis winter aconite Winter aconite (Eranthis hyemalis) is native to parts of Europe and is cultivated elsewhere, including New York. It occasionally spreads into adjacent lawns but is not known to truly naturalize in New York.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Actaeeae — Eranthis
Eranthis	Eranthis	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eranthis hyemalis  (L.) Salisb.     Cammarum hyemale     Eranthis cilicicus     Eranthis × tubergenii     Helleborus hyemalis	Winter aconite	Introduced from  Eurasia, Not naturalized		Cayuga & Ulster	NYFA-X USDA-X ARS-GRIN Images, wsp

Tribe Caltheae

Caltha

Caltha palustris L. marsh marigold

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Caltheae — Caltha
Caltha	Marsh-marigold	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Caltha palustris  L. 1753. Caltha palustris L. 1807. Caltha radicans T.F.Forst. 1818. Caltha asarifolia DC. 1824. Caltha arctica R.Brown 1854. Caltha cornuta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy 1854. Caltha laeta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy	Marsh marigold, Yellow marsh marigold, Cowslip, Cowflock, Kingcup Populage des marais, Souci d'eau	Native, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Trollius

Trollius laxus American globe-flower Most of the known populations of American globe-flower are found in open parts of calcareous wetlands in central New York State.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Caltheae — Trollius
Trollius	Globeflower	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Trollius laxus  Salisb. ssp. laxus 1807. Trollius laxus Salisb. 1818. Trollius americanus Muhl. ex DC. 1971. Trollius laxus ssp. laxus autonym	American globe-flower, Spreading globeflower	Native, C:9, Rare, NYNHP: S3 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb, Part shade			NYFA-3 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN-0 FNA Tropicos LBJ Images, wsp

Adonis

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Caltheae — Adonis
Adonis	Pheasant's eye	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Adonis aestivalis	Summer adonis, Summer pheasant's eye	Introduced, Not naturalized		Richmond only	NYFA-X USDA-X0 Images, wsp
Adonis (excluded taxa)	Pheasant's eye	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Adonis annua	Blooddrops	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-XX Images, wsp
Adonis vernalis	Spring pheasant's eye, Spring adonis, Ox-eye	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-X0 Images, wsp

Tribe Delphinieae

Recent phylogenetic research has shown the genera Consolida and Aconitella to be embedded within Delphinium as an annual clade within an otherwise perennial genus.

Aconitum

Aconitum noveboracense northern monkshood The only native member of the Delphinieae (syn. Aconiteae) is the endangered northern blue monkshood, which as Aconitum noveboracense is found in only Iowa, New York, Ohio, and Wisconsin. A. noveboracense has been treated as synonymous with Aconitum columbianum ssp. columbianum (Columbia monkshood), which is native to much of western North America.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Delphinieae — Aconitum
Aconitum	Monkshood	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Aconitum noveboracense  A.Gray 1838. A. columbianum var. columbianum 1886. A. noveboracense A.Gray ex Coville 1929. A. noveboracense var. quasiciliatum 1964. A. uncinatum ssp. noveboracense	Northern blue monkshood, Northern wild monkshood, Northern monk's-hood, New York monkshood, Columbia monkshood Aconit du Columbia	Native, C:10, Endangered, DEC-A, FWS: 1, NYNHP: 1		Chenango, (Delaware), Sullivan, Ulster	NYFA-1 USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP CPC  Images, wsp
Aconitum napellus  L. 1753. Aconitum napellus L.	Garden monkshood, Venus' chariot	Introduced from  Europe, Naturalized		(Broome), Clinton, (Monroe), Otsego, Tompkins	NYFA-X USDA-X Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Images, wsp
Aconitum (excluded taxa)	Monkshood	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Aconitum uncinatum  L. 1762. Aconitum uncinatum L. 1818. A. uncinatum var. muticum 1942. A. uncinatum var. acutidens 1964. A. uncinatum ssp. muticum	Wild monkshood, Southern blue monkshood	Introduced, N. America native FAC Perennial, Herb-forb		No NY reports (reports in MA & PA)	NYFA-0 USDA-N0 Go Botany FNA BONAP Images, wsp

Delphinium

Larkspur species, previously listed in the Consolida genus are annuals that are now considered to be a clade embedded the perennial Delphinium genus. Although there were more than sixty Delphinium species native to North America before inclusion of Consolida, none are considered to be native to New York or New England, and none had been reported to have naturalized in New York. The only naturalized Delphinium species in New England is Delphinium exaltatum, which is native to an area that extends as far northeast as northeastern Ohio and southwestern Pennsylvania. Delphinium exaltatum is also distribuded in New York in the "native plant" trade.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Delphinieae — Delphinium
Delphinium	Larkspur	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Delphinium ajacis  L. 1753. Delphinium ajacis L. 1853. Consolida ajacei (L.) Schur  auct. D. ambigua non L.  auct. C. ambigua non (L.) P.W.Ball & Heywood	Doubtful knight's-spur, Rocket larkspur, Ajax' larkspur Pied-d'alouette d'Ajax, Dauphinelle d'Ajax	Introduced Annual, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-X Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Images, wsp
Delphinium consolida  L. 1753. Delphinium consolida L. 1822. Consolida regalis Gray	Forking larkspur, Royal larkspur, Rocket larkspur, Field larkspur Pied-d'alouette royal, Dauphinelle consoude, Pied d'alouette	Introduced Annual, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Images, wsp
Delphinium (excluded taxa)	Larkspur	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Delphinium formosum Boiss. & A.Huet. 1856. D. formosum Boiss. & A.Huet.	Hardy larkspur, Showy larkspur	Introduced from  western Asia, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-EXCLD ARS-GRIN Images, wsp
Delphinium exaltatum  Aiton 1786. D. urceolatum Jacq. 1789. D. exaltatum Aiton 1803. D. tridactylum Michx. 1830. D. exaltatum (Aiton) Raf. 1914. Delphinastrum exaltatum (Aiton) Nieuwl.	Tall larkspur	Introduced, US South native, No reports Perennial, Forb-herb			NYFA-0 USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp

Tribe Nigelleae

Nigella

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Nigelleae — Nigella
Nigella	Nigella	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Nigella damascena  L. 1753. Nigella damascena L.	Love-in-a-mist, Devil-in-the-bush, Jack-in-the-green, Wild fennel, Damascus hellebore Nigelle de Damas	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa Annual, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-X Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images, wsp

Tribe Helleboreae

The Helleboreae...

Helleborus

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Helleboreae
Helleborus L.	Hellebore	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Helleborus niger  L. 1753. Helleborus niger L	Black hellebore, Christmas rose Hellébore noire, Rose de Noël	Introduced from  Europe			NYFA-X USDA-X ARS-GRIN BONAP Images, wsp
Helleborus viridis  L. 1753. Helleborus viridis L	Green hellebore	Introduced from  Europe			NYFA-X USDA-X ARS-GRIN BONAP Images, wsp

Tribe Anemoneae

The grouping of Anemoneae used here is based on Mosyakin (2016). and Hoot & al. (2012)

Hepatica

NYFA currently treats sect. Hepatica as a separate genus Hepatica Mill.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Anemoneae — Hepatica
Hepatica Mill.	Hepatica	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hepatica acutiloba  DC. 1813. Hepatica triloba var. acuta 1824. Hepatica acutiloba DC. 1884. Anemone acutiloba (DC.) G.Lawson 1891. Hepatica acuta (Pursh) Britton 1960. Hepatica nobilis var. acuta	Sharplobe hepatica, American liverleaf, Liverwort-herb, Sharp-lobed hepatica	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN VASCAN Images, wsp
Hepatica americana  (DC.) Ker Gawl. 1814. Hepatica triloba var. obtusa 1817. Hepatica triloba var. americana 1819. Hepatica americana (DC.) Ker Gawl. 1882. Hepatica hepatica (L.) H. Karst. p.p. 1958. Anemone americana (DC.) H.Hara 1960. Hepatica nobilis var. obtusa	Round-lobed hepatica, Blunt-lobed Hepatica, Round-leaved liverleaf, American liverleaf Hépatique d'Amérique, Anémone d'Amérique, Hépatique noble	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Anemonastrum

Anemonastrum canadense Based on phylogenetic studies, Anemonastrum was segregated from Anemone by Sergei Mosyakin in 2016

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Anemoneae — Anemonastrum
Anemonastrum	Windflower	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Anemone canadensis  L. 1768. Anemone canadensis L. 1892. Anemone dichotoma var. canadensis 1982. Anemonidium canadense (L.) Á.Löve & D.Löve 2016. Anemonastrum canadense (L.) Mosyakin	Canada anemone, Canadian anemone, Canada windflower, Meadow anemone, Meadow windflower, Round-leaved anemone, Round-leaved thimbleweed Anémone du Canada	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA BONAP Images, wsp

Anemone

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Anemoneae — Anemone subg. Anemone
Anemone subg. Anemone sect. Anemone subsect. Anemonanthea	Anemone	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Anemone quinquefolia  L. var. quinquefolia 1753. Anemone quinquefolia L. 1808. Anemone pedata Raf. 1813. A. nemorosa var. quinquefolia 1923. A. quinquefolia var. bifolia 1935. A. quinquefolia var. interior 1968. A. nemorosa var. bifolia	Wood anemone, Nightcaps, American wood anemone, Wood windflower Anémone à cinq folioles	Native, C:7, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Anemone subg. Anemone sect. Anemone subsect. Virginianae	Anemone	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Anemone virginiana  L. 1753. Anemone virginiana L. 1841. A. cylindrica var. alba 1847. A. virginiana var. alba 1899. A. riparia Fernald 1967. A. virginiana var. riparia 1969. A. virginiana var. cylindroidea 1969. A. virginiana var. virginiana	Thimbleweed, Tall anemone, Tall thimbleweed, Tall windflower, Virginia anemone, Riverbank anemone, Cylindrical anemone Anémone de Virginie, Anémone cylindroïde, Anémone blanche	Native, C:5, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Anemone cylindrica  A.Gray 1835. Anemone cylindrica A.Gray	Long-headed anemone, Long-headed windflower, Long-fruited anemone, Candle anemone, Thimbleweed, Cottonweed Anémone cylindrique	Native, C:7, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Anemone multifida  Poir. var. multifida Anemone globosaAnemone hudsoniana	Hudson Bay anemone, Hudson's anemone, Pacific anemone, Sanson's anemone	Native, C:10, Likely extirpated			NYFA-Z USDA-NN Images, wsp
Anemone subg. Anemone sect. Anemone subsect. Virginianae (excluded taxa)	Anemone	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
A. cylindrica × virginiana   Anemone cylindrica ×   Anemone virginiana	Hybrid of  long-headed anemone &  thimbleweed	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD Images, wsp

Clematis

Clematis virginiana Clematis plants are generally vines or subshrubs that go by the common names virgin's-bower, leather-leaf, curly-heads or just clematis. There are three NY-native Clematis species that range from the common (sometimes weedy) C. virginiana, to the rare (probably extirpated) C. ochroleuca, which is at the extreme northern extent of its range in New York has only been found in the wilds of New York City, and not reported there since the 1930's. Many non-native Clematis vines are planted for ornamental purposes, but most rarely, if ever, naturalize in New York State. However, C. terniflora has been found to be highly invasive in parts of New York, and is currently on the state's Regulated Species list.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Anemoneae — Clematis
Clematis subg. Clematis	Virgin's-bower	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Clematis virginiana  L. 1755. Clematis virginiana L. 1768. Clematis canadensis Miller 1814. Clematis holosericea Pursh 1885. C. dioica ssp. virginiana Kunze 1901. Clematis missouriensis Rydb. 1935. C. virginiana var. missouriensis	Virgin's-bower, Devil's darning needles, Virginia clematis, Virginia bower, Virginia virgin's bower, Old man's beard Clématite de Virginie, Herbe aux gueux	Native, C:3, Secure FAC Perennial, Vine, subshrub, Sun - shade			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images, wsp
Clematis subg. Atragene	Virgin's-bower	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Clematis occidentalis (Hornem.) DC. var. occidentalis 1805. Atragene americana Sims 1815. A. occidentalis Hornem. 1818. Clematis verticillaris DC. 1824. C. occidentalis DC. 1947. C. verticillaris var. cacuminis 1968. C. verticillaris var. grandiflora	Purple clematis, Purple virgin’s-bower, Western blue virginsbower, Northern blue clematis Clématite verticillée, Atragène d'Amérique, Clématite occidentale	Native, C:9, Likely secure UPL Perennial, Vine, subshrub, Part shade - shade			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images, wsp
Clematis subg. Viorna	Virgin's-bower	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Clematis ochroleuca  Aiton 1789. Clematis ochroleuca Aiton 1814. C. ovata Pursh 1885. C. integrifolia ssp. ovata 1903. Viorna ochroleuca (Aiton) Small 1903. Viorna ovata (Pursh) Small (i) 1931. C. ochroleuca var. ovata 1982. Coriflora ochroleuca (Aiton) W.A.Weber	Curlyheads, Curly-heads, Silky leather-flower, Erect silky leather-flower	Native, C:10, Likely extirpated, Impersistent UPL Perennial, Herb-subshrub			NYFA-Z USDA-N0 FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images, wsp
Clematis subg. Flammula	Virgin's-bower	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Clematis terniflora  DC. 1817. Clematis terniflora DC. 1909. C. dioscoreifolia H.Lév. & Vaniot 1945. C. dioscoreifolia var. robusta	Yam-leaved clematis, Yam-leaved virgin's-bower, Sweet autumn clematis, Sweet autumn virginsbower, Japanese virgin's-bower Clématite à panicules	Introduced from  Asia, Highly invasive, NYIS: 73%, Regulated FACU-UPL Perennial, Vine, subshrub			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images, wsp
Clematis viticella  L. 1753. Clematis Viticella L. 1903. Viticella viticella (L.) Small nom. illeg. - tautonym 1949. Clematis viticella fo. purpurea	European purple clematis, Italian clematis, Italian leather flower, Italian virgin's-bower Clématite fausse-vigne, Clématite bleue	Introduced from  Eruasia, Impersistent, Rare Perennial, Vine			NYFA-X USDA-XX VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images, wsp
Clematis recta  L.	Ground virgin's-bower	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-XX Go Botany BONAP Images, wsp

Tribe Ranunculeae

The Ranunculeae...

Halerpestes

Halerpestes cymbalaria The seaside buttercup

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Halerpestes
Halerpestes	Seaside crowfoot	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Halerpestes cymbalaria (Pursh) Greene 1814. Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh 1900. Halerpestes cymbalaria (Pursh) Greene 1975. Cyrtorhyncha cymbalaria ssp. alpina	Alkali buttercup, Seaside buttercup, Seaside crowfoot Renoncule cymbalaire	Native, Endangered			NYFA-1 USDA-N Go Botany VASCAN FNA Images, wsp

Ceratocephala

Ceratocephala testiculata, curveseed butterwort Ceratocephala testiculata (curveseed butterwort) is a Eurasian introduction, more common in the western U.S., where it is often considered invasive.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ceratocephala
Ceratocephala	Curveseed-butterwort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ceratocephala testiculata     C. falcata     C. orthoceras     Ranunculus falcatus     R. testiculatus	Sage buttercup, Curve-seeded butterwort, Bur buttercup, Hornseed buttercup	Introduced from  Eurasia, Naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-X BONAP Images, wsp

Ficaria

Ficaria verna, lesser calandine Ficaria verna (lesser celandine) is a Eurasian groundcover that is considered to be invasive where it occurs in forested floodplains in North America. Its sale is now prohibited in New York State.

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ficaria
Ficaria	Celandine	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ficaria verna  Huds. ssp. verna 1753. Ranunculus ficaria L. 1762. Ficaria verna Huds. 1882. Ficaria ficaria H. Karst. nom. illeg. 1908. R. ficaria var. bulbifer Albert 1981. R. ficaria ssp. bulbifer Lambinon	Lesser celandine, Fig buttercup, Fig-crowfoot, Pilewort	Introduced, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 86%, Prohibited			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Ranunculus

Ranunculus subg. Batrachium

Ranunculus longirostris

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ranunculus subg. Batrachium
Ranunculus subg. Batrachium	White water buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus longirostris  Godr. 1786. R. trichophyllus Chaix nom. nud.  auct. R. circinatus non Sibth. (1794) 1795. R. flaccidus Pers. 1796. R. aquatilis var. diffusus 1823. R. amphibius James 1839. R. longirostris Godr. 1839. Batrachium circinatum Spach 1844. B. longirostre F.W.Schultz 1848. B. trichophyllum F.W.Schultz 1869. B. flaccidum (Pers.) Rupr. 1884. R. aquatilis var. longirostris 1942. R. aquatilis var. calvescens	Long-beaked white water buttercup, Longbeak buttercup, Thread-leaved water buttercup, Hair-leaved water buttercup Renoncule à long bec, Renoncule à feuilles capillaires, Renoncule à feuilles chevelues, Renoncule à lâche	Native, C:9, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP IPN Images, wsp
Ranunculus trichophyllus Chaix ex Vill. 1786. R. trichophyllus Chaix ex Vill. 1796. R. aquatilis var. diffusus 1824. R. aquatilis var. capillaceus 1850. Batrachium trichophyllum (Chaix ex Vill.) Bosch 1936. R. trichophyllus var. calvescens 1942. R. aquatilis var. calvescens	White water buttercup Thread-leaved water-crowfoot Renoncule capillaire	Native, Secure OBL			NYFA-5 VASCAN Images, wsp
Ranunculus subg. Batrachium (excluded taxa)	White water-crowfoot	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus circinatus  Sibth. 1794. Ranunculus circinatus Sibth. 1839. Batrachium circinatum (Sibth.) Spach 1937. B. foeniculaceum (Gilib.) Krecz.  auct. R. longirostris non Godr.	White water-crowfoot	Introduced, N.Y. excluded		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-AUCT Images, wsp

Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Ranunculus

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Ranunculus
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Ranunculus	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus pensylvanicus  L.f. 1781. Ranunculus pensylvanicus L.f.	Pennsylvania buttercup, Bristly buttercup, Bristly crowfoot Renoncule de Pennsylvanie	Native, C:2, Secure OBL Annual/Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images, wsp
Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. ex Lam. var. recurvatus 1804. Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. ex Lam. 1929. R. recurvatus var. adpressipilis	Blisterwort, Hooked buttercup, Hooked crowfoot, Rough buttercup, Little-leaved buttercup Renoncule à bec recourbé	Native, C:6, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images, wsp
Ranunculus caricetorum  Greene 1903. Ranunculus caricetorum Greene 1906. R. siciformis Mack. 1936. R. septentrionalis var. caricetorum 1980. R. hispidus var. caricetorum  auct. R. septentrionalis non Poir.	Bristly buttercup, Swamp buttercup, Swamp crowfoot, Northern swamp buttercup, Marsh buttercup Renoncule des cariçaies	Native, C:7, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Ranunculus hispidus  Michx. 1803. Ranunculus hispidus Michx. 1920. R. h. var. falsus 1941. R. h. var. eurylobus 1948. R. h. var. greenmanii 1948. R. h. var. marilandicus 1948. R. h. var. typicus	Bristly buttercup, Hispid buttercup, Rough buttercup, Hispid crowfoot Renoncule hispide	Native, C:7, Secure FAC Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Ranunculus hispidus  Michx. var. nitidus (Muhl. ex Chapm.) T.Duncan 1804. Ranunculus septentrionalis Poir. 1817. R. carolinianus DC. 1821. R. palmatus Elliott 1860. R. repens var. nitidus 1860. R. septentrionalis var. nitidus 1941. R. septentrionalis var. pterocarpus 1980. R. hispidus var. nitidus	Swamp buttercup, Bristly buttercup, Hispid buttercup Renoncule brillante	Native, C:8, Endangered			NYFA-1 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN iNaturalist ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow     R. fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow	Early buttercup, Early crowfoot	Native, C:8, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany iNaturalist Images, wsp
Ranunculus acris	Tall buttercup, Tall butter-cup, Tall crowfoot, Tall crow-foot, Common buttercup, Meadow buttercup	Introduced from  Eurasia, Alaska,  Greenland			NYFA-X USDA-N? iNaturalist ARS-GRIN Images, wsp
Ranunculus bulbosus	Bulbous butter-cup, St. Anthony's turnip	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-X iNaturalist Images, wsp
Ranunculus repens	Creeping butter-cup	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX iNaturalist Images, wsp
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Ranunculus (excluded taxa)	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus cordiger  Viv.		Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-EXCLD iNaturalist Images, wsp

Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Echinella

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Echinella
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Echinella	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus sardous  Crantz 1763. Ranunculus sardous Crantz 1767. Ranunculus parvulus L. 1783. Ranunculus philonotis Ehrh.	Hairy buttercup Hairy crowfoot	Introduced, Impersistent, Not naturalized FAC Biennial, Herb-forb		Madison, Monroe, New York, Oswego, St. Lawrence, Steuben	NYFA-X USDA-XX Tropicos Images, wsp
Ranunculus arvensis	Corn crowfoot, Corn buttercup	Introduced, Impersistent, Not naturalized FAC Biennial, Herb-forb		Monroe, New York	NYFA-X USDA-X Images, wsp
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Echinella (excluded taxa)	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus parviflorus  L.	Smallflower buttercup, Small-flowered butter-cup	Introduced, N.Y. excluded		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-XX Images, wsp

Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Epirotes

Ranunculus abortivus kidney-leaved buttercup

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Epirotes
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Epirotes	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus abortivus	Kidney-leaved crowfoot, Little-leaved buttercup	Native, C:6, Secure, S5 FAC-FACW Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-N Go Botany Images, wsp
Ranunculus allegheniensis	Allegheny mountains crowfoot, Allegheny Mountain buttercup	Native, C:6, Likely secure, S4, G4-5 FAC Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-4 USDA-N Go Botany Images, wsp
Ranunculus micranthus     Nutt. ex Torrey & A.Gray	Small-flowered crowfoot, Rock crowfoot, Rock buttercup	Native, C:8, Rare, S3, G5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb		Bronx, Columbia, Orange, Putnam, Rockland, Suffolk, Ulster, Westchester	NYFA-3 USDA-N0 Go Botany Images, wsp
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Epirotes (excluded taxa)	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb.     R. pygmaeus Wahlenb.     R. pygmaeus var. langianus	Dwarf buttercup, Pygmy buttercup	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Flammula

Ranunculus flammula var. reptans

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Flammula
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Flammula	Spearwort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus flammula  L. var. reptans (L.) E. Mey. 1753. Ranunculus reptans L. 1803. Ranunculus filiformis Michx. 1829. R. flammula var. filiformis 1830. R. flammula var. reptans	Narrow-leaved   creeping spearwort, Greater creeping spearwort Renoncule radicante, Renoncule rampante	Native, C:8, Secure, S5, G5 FACW Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Ranunculus flammula  L. var. ovalis (J.M.Bigelow) L.D.Benson 1753. R. flammula L. misapplied 1824. R. filiformis var. ovalis 1838. R. reptans var. ovalis 1942. R. flammula var. ovalis 1942. R. flammula var. samolifolius	Wider-leaved   creeping spearwort, Lesser spearwort Renoncule ovée	Native, C:10, Not yet ranked FACW, Herb-forb		Cayuga, Jefferson, Livingston, St. Lawrence	NYFA-3-5 USDA-NN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Ranunculus ambigens  S.Watson 1808. Ranunculus obtusiusculus Raf. (i) 1878. Ranunculus ambigens S.Watson	American spearwort American crowfoot Water-plantain spearwort	Native, C:10, Especially vulnerable, S1-S2, G4 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-4-5 USDA-N0 Images, wsp
Ranunculus pusillus  Poir.     R. oblongifolius     R. pusillus var. angustifolius     R. tener	Low spearwort, Pursh buttercup	Native, C:10, Likely extirpated, G5 OBL Annual, Herb-forb		Nassau, Queens, Richmond, Westchester	NYFA-X USDA-N0 Images, wsp
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Flammula (excluded taxa)	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus flammula  L. var. flammula 1753. Ranunculus flammula L. 1840. R. flammula var. angustifolius	Lesser spearwort Renoncule flammette	N. America native, N.Y. excluded		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-NN FNA Images, wsp
Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr. & A.Gray) Darby 1838. R. flammula var. laxicaulis 1841. R. laxicaulis (Torr.& A.Gray) Darby 1845. R. texensis Engelm. 1900. R. mississippiensis Small 1942. R. laxicaulis var. mississippiensis 1971. R. subcordatus E.O.Beal	Mississippi buttercup	N. America native, N.Y. excluded OBL Annual, Herb-forb		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-N0 ITIS FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Ranunculus bonariensis  Poir. 1951. Ranunculus bonariensis Poir.	Carter's buttercup	N. America native, N.Y. excluded		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-N0 Images, wsp

Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Hecatonia

Ranunculus flabellaris yellow water buttercup

Ranunculales — Ranunculaceae — Ranunculoideae — Ranunculeae — Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Hecatonia
Ranunculus subg. Ranunculus sect. Hecatonia	Buttercup	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Ranunculus flabellaris  Raf. 1818. R. flabellaris Raf. 1818. R. delphiniifolius Torr. ex Eaton 1818. R. delphinifolius Torr. ex Eaton	Yellow water butter-cup, Yellow water buttercup, Yellow water crowfoot Renoncule à évantails	Native, C:8, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Ranunculus sceleratus  L. var. sceleratus 1753. Ranunculus sceleratus L.	Cursed butter-cup, Cursed buttercup, Cursed crow-foot, Cursed crowsfoot, Blisterwort Renoncule scélérate	Native, C:3, Unranked OBL Annual, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-NX Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp

Family Papaveraceae

The Papaveraceae (poppy family)...

Subfamily Papaveroideae

Tribe Papavereae

Argemone

Argemone (AR-ge-mon-ee)

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Papavereae — Argemone
Argemone	Pricklypoppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Argemone albiflora ssp. albiflora	White prickly-poppy, Bluestem prickly-poppy, Texas prickly-poppy	Introduced, N. America native			NYFA-X USDA-N0 Images, wsp
Argemone mexicana	Mexican prickly-poppy	Introduced, N. America native			NYFA-X USDA-NW Images, wsp

Papaver

Papaver (puh-PAY-ver)

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Papavereae — Papaver
Papaver	Poppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Papaver somniferum  L.	Opium poppy, Common poppy	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XW Go Botany Images, wsp
Papaver rhoeas  L.	Common poppy, Corn poppy, Field poppy, Flanders poppy	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images, wsp
Papaver dubium  L.	Blindeyes, Long-podded poppy, Long-headed poppy	Introduced, Rare			NYFA-X USDA-XW Go Botany Images, wsp
Papaver argemone  L.	Long pricklyhead poppy, Pale rough-fruited poppy	Introduced			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany Images, wsp
Papaver (excluded taxa)	Poppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Papaver atlanticum  (Ball) Coss. 1873. P. rupifragum var. atlanticum 1882. P. atlanticum (Ball) Coss.	Atlas poppy, Moroccan poppy, Spanish poppy	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-0 Go Botany IPN Images, wsp
Papaver glaucum  Boiss. & Hausskn.	Tulip poppy	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-X0 Go Botany Images, wsp
Papaver orientale  L.     Papaver orientale L.     P. pseudoorientale     P. pseudo-orientale	Oriental poppy	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-XX Go Botany Images, wsp

Tribe Chelidonieae

Sanguinaria

Sanguinaria canadensis bloodroot

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Chelidonieae — Sanguinaria
Sanguinaria	Bloodroot	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Sanguinaria canadensis  L. 1753. Sanguinaria canadensis L. 1905. S. australis Greene 1905. S. dilleniana Greene 1909. S. canadensis var. rotundifolia	Bloodroot, Puccoon-root, Red puccoon Sanguinaire du Canada, Sang-dragon	Native, C:6, Likely secure FACU-UPL Perennial, Herb-forb, Part shade - shade			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA LBJ Images, wsp

Stylophorum

The only New World Stylophorum species is S. diphyllum, Celandine poppy, which is native to the Midwest section of the US. It is cultivated but not known to naturalize in New York. It closely resembles the Old-World Chelidonium majus (greater celandine).

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Chelidonieae — Stylophorum
Stylophorum	Celandine-poppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Stylophorum diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt. 1803. Chelidonium diphyllum Michx. 1818. S. diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt. 1825. S. ohiense Spreng.	Celandine-poppy, Wood-poppy, Mock poppy, Yellow poppy, Yellow wood poppy	Introduced from  Midwest, N. America native, Cultivated only, Not naturalized Perennial, Herb-forb, Part shade - shade			NYFA-Xnn USDA- VASCAN-0 ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images, wsp

Chelidonium

Chelidonium majus, Greater Celandine, is widely regarded as a weed in North America and is listed as invasive in some states. It is also poisonous to mammals.

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Chelidonieae — Chelidonium
Chelidonium	Celandine	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Chelidonium majus  L. 1753. Chelidonium majus L. 1821. C. majus var. grandiflorum 1824. C. grandiflorum (DC.) DC.     C. majus ssp. grandiflorum	Greater celandine Great celandine Celandine Nipplewort Swallowwort Rock poppy Grande chélidoine Chélidoine Chélidoine herbe-aux-verrues Chélidoine majeure Éclaire Grande éclaire Herbe aux verrues	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Potentially invasive, Naturalized, IPANEIPAUS, eXtension Biennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp

Macleaya

Macleaya cordata plume poppy

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Chelidonieae — Macleaya
Macleaya	Plume poppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R.Br. 1799. Bocconia cordata Willd. 1826. M. cordata (Willd.) R.Br. 1866. M. yedoensis André 1909. M. cordata var. yedoensis	Plume poppy, Plume-poppy, Tree-celandine Macléaya à feuilles cordées	Introduced from  temperate Asia, Naturalized Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp

Glaucium

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Chelidonieae — Glaucium
Glaucium	Hornpoppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Glaucium flavum  Crantz 1753. Chelidonium glaucium L. 1763. Glaucium flavum Crantz 1771. G. luteum Scop. 1887. G. corniculatum var. flavum	Yellow horned-poppy, Yellow horn-poppy, Horned-poppy, Sea-poppy Glaucienne jaune, Glaucie jaune, Glaucière jaune, Pavot cornu, Pavot jaune des sables	Introduced from  Eurasia,  n. Africa, Moderately invasive, NYIS: 66% Biennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-X USDA-XW Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Glaucium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph 1753. Chelidonium corniculatum L. 1781. G. corniculatum (L.) Rudolph 1789. G. corniculatum (L.) Curtis (i)	Red horned-poppy, Blackspot hornpoppy	Introduced, Impersistent			NYFA-X USDA-X0 Go Botany-0 VASCAN-0 ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images, wsp

Tribe Eschscholtzieae

Eschscholzia

Eschscholzia californica California poppy Eschscholzia (es-SHOLT-zee-uh) was named in honor of Dr. Johann Friedrich Gustav von Eschscholtz, a 19th-century Estonian surgeon and botanist. Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) is a west coast native that is not known naturalize in New York State.

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Papaveroideae — Eschscholtzieae — Eschscholzia
Eschscholzia	California-poppy	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Eschscholzia californica  Cham. ssp. californica Eschscholzia procera Greene	California poppy	Introduced, N. America native, Not naturalized			NYFA-X USDA-NX Go Botany Images, wsp

Subfamily Fumarioideae

Tribe Fumarieae

Subtribe Corydalineae

Dicentra

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumarieae — Corydalineae — Dicentra
Dicentra	Bleeding-heart	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Dicentra canadensis  (Goldie) Walp. 1822. Corydalis canadensis Goldie 1842. Dicentra canadensis (Goldie) Walp. 1892. Bicuculla canadensis (Goldie) Millsp.	Squirrel-corn, Turkey-corn Dicentre du Canada	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Dicentra cucullaria  (L.) Bernh. 1753. Fumaria cucullaria L. 1806. Corydalis cucullaria (L.) Pers. 1833. Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. 1892. Bicuculla cucullaria (L.) Millsp. 1912. Dicentra occidentalis (Rydb.) Fedde	Dutchman's breeches, Turkey-corn, Dicentre à capuchon	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Dicentra eximia  (Ker Gawl.) Torr. 1815. Fumaria eximia Ker Gawl. 1843. Dicentra eximia (Ker Gawl.) Torr.	Wild bleeding-heart, Eastern bleeding-heart, Turkey corn, Staggerweed	Introduced, N. America native			NYFA-X USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN NatureServe BONAP Images, wsp
Dicentra formosa  (Haw.) Walp.     species     species var. variety     species ssp. subsp     species fo. forma	Westerm bleeding-heart Pacific bleeding heart	Introduced, N. America native			NYFA-0 USDA-NN Go Botany Images, wsp

Lamprocapnos

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumarieae — Corydalineae — Lamprocapnos
Lamprocapnos	Bleeding-heart	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara 1753. Fumaria spectabilis L. 1831. Diclytra spectabilis (L.) DC. 1847. Dicentra spectabilis (L.) Lem. 1997. Lamprocapnos spectabilis	Bleeding-heart, Asian bleeding-heart, Common bleedinghearts	Introduced from  temperate Asia			NYFA-X USDA- Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images, wsp

Adlumia

Adlumia fungosa Allegheny vine

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumarieae — Corydalineae — Adlumia
Adlumia	Adlumia	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	1 NPT
Adlumia fungosa  (Aiton) Greene ex Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. 1789. Fumaria fungosa Aiton 1803. Fumaria recta Michx. 1808. Fumaria cirrhosa Raf. 1888. Adlumia fungosa Greene ex BSP 1891. Bicuculla fungosa Kuntze	Allegheny vine, Climbing fumitory, Mountain-fringe, Woodfringe, Canary vine Adlumie fongueuse	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images, wsp

Capnoides

Capnoides sempervirens rock harlequin, pink corydalis

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumarieae — Corydalineae — Capnoides
Capnoides	Harlequin	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Capnoides sempervirens  (L.) Borkh. 1753. Fumaria sempervirens L. 1797. Capnoides sempervirens Borkh. 1806. Corydalis sempervirens Pers. 1813. Corydalis glauca Pursh	Pink corydalis, Pale corydalis, Rock harlequin, Harlequin-flower	Native, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images, wsp

Corydalis

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumarieae — Corydalineae — Corydalis
Corydalis	Fumewort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Corydalis flavula  (Raf.) DC. 1808. Fumaria flavula Raf. 1824. Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC. 1891. Capnoides flavula (Raf.) Kuntze	Yellow corydalis, Yellow fumewort	Native, C:7, Vulnerable			NYFA-3 USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images, wsp
Corydalis aurea ssp. aurea	Golden corydalis, Scrambled eggs	Native, C:9, Threatened			NYFA-2 USDA-NN Images, wsp
Corydalis incisa  (Thunb.) Pers.	Purple keman	Introduced, Rare			NYFA-X USDA-00 Images, wsp
Corydalis solida  (L.) Clairv.	Spring corydalis	Introduced, Naturalized			NYFA-Xn Images, wsp
Corydalis (excluded taxa)	Fumewort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Corydalis capnoides  (L.) Pers. 1753. Fumaria capnoides L. 1768. Fumaria alba Mill. 1790. Neckeria capnoides (L.) Neck. 1797. Pseudofumaria capnoides (L.) Borkh. 1806. Corydalis capnoides (L.) Pers. 1823. Corydalis gebleri Ledeb. 1831. Corydalis ochroleuca W.D.J.Koch 1841. Capnoides albida Bernh. ex Steud. 1939. Corydalis alba (Mill.) Mansf. 1986. Pseudofumaria alba (Mill.) Lidén	Pale corydalis	Introduced, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-XCLD USDA-EXCLD ARS-GRIN Tropicos IPN Images, wsp

Subtribe Fumariineae

Fumaria

Fumaria officinalis Common Fumitory

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumariineae — Fumaria
Fumaria	Fumitory	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Fumaria officinalis  L. 1753. Fumaria officinalis L.	Common Fumitory, Drug fumitory, Earth smoke, Wax dolls Fumeterre officinal	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Naturalized, SNA, G5			NYFA-X USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Fumaria (excluded taxa)	Fumitory	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Fumaria capreolata  L. 1753. Fumaria capreolata L. 1907. Fumaria officinalis var. capreolata	White ramping fumitory, Climbing fumitory	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, N.Y. excluded		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images, wsp
Fumaria parviflora  Lam.	Fine-leaf fumitory, Small-flower fumitory, Indian fumitory	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, N.Y. excluded Annual, Herb-forb		excluded	NYFA-XCLD USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Images, wsp

Pseudofumaria

Pseudofumaria lutea Rock fumewort

Ranunculales — Papaveraceae — Fumarioideae — Fumariineae — Pseudofumaria
Pseudofumaria	Rock fumitory	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Pseudofumaria lutea  (L.) Borkh. 1771. Fumaria lutea L. 1790. Capnoides luteum Gaertn. 1797. Pseudofumaria lutea Borkh. 1805. Corydalis lutea DC.	Rock fumewort, Yellow corydalis, Rock corydalis, Rock fumitory	Introduced, Not naturalized		Chemung, Dutchess, Suffolk	NYFA-X USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images, wsp