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Class Polypodiopsida contains the ferns, including the eusporangiate ferns (horsetails, scouring rushes, moonworts, and grape ferns) and the leptosporangiate ferns of subclass Polypodiidae.[1] [2]
Cladogram of ferns showing outgroups and the four subclasses down to orders:
tracheoophytes
lycophytes
euphyllophytes
Polypodiopsida (ferns)
Marattiidae
Marattiales
Polypodiidae
spermatophytes
gymnosperms ↓
angiosperms ↓↓
eusporangiate ferns
leptosporangiate ferns
A more detailed cladogram of New York State ferns down to subgenera or single species:
ferns
Psilotales : Psilotaceae (0 whisk ferns in NY)
Marattiales : Marattiaceae (0 marattid ferns in NY)
Gleicheniales
Gleicheniaceae (0 forked ferns)
Matoniaceae (0 fan ferns)
Dipteridaceae (0 umbrella ferns)
eusporangiate ferns
leptosporangiate ferns
Continuation of Polypodiales part of above cladogram of New York State ferns, including the six suborders employed by PPG I (2016):
Polypodiales
Saccolomatineae (1 genus, 0 in NY)
Lindsaeineae (3 families, 0 in NY)