Flora of New York/Carduoideae

← Aquifoliaceae, Campanulaceae, Menyanthaceae	Flora of New York: Carduoideae					→ Cichorioideae
	Table of contents	Family index	Genus index	Protected species index	Invasive species index

Family Asteraceae

The Asteraceae (or Compositae)

Subfamily Carduoideae

Tribe Cardueae

The Cardueae is a mostly non-native tribe of Asteraceae. It contains various thistles and knapweeds, many of which are considered highly invasive in the region.

Subtribe Carlininae

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Carlininae
Carlina	Carline-thistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Carlina vulgaris ssp. vulgaris  (=) C. vulgaris ssp. longifolia	Carline thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons

Subtribe Echinopsinae

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Echinopsinae
Echinops	Globethistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Echinops sphaerocephalus  L.	Great globethistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Subtribe Carduinae

Genus Onopordum

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Carduinae – genus Onopordum
Onopordum	Cottonthistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Onopordum acanthium	Scotch thistle, Scotch cottonthistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XM Commons

Genus Arctium

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Carduinae – genus Arctium
Arctium	Burdock	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	3 C
Arctium lappa  (=) Arctium vulgare    (=) A. minus ssp. nemorosum   (=) Arctium nemorosum   (=) Lappa major	Greater burdock	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Arctium minus	Common burdock, Lesser burdock	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Arctium tomentosum	Woolly burdock	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Genus Silybum

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Carduinae – genus Silybum
Silybum	Milk thistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Silybum marianum  (L.) Gaertn.	Blessed milkthistle, St. Mary's thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Genus Cirsium

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Carduinae – genus Cirsium
Cirsium (North American)	Thistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	9 C
Cirsium discolor  (=) Carduus discolor    (=) Cnicus discolor	Field thistle	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Cirsium muticum	Swamp thistle, Dunce-nettle, Horsetops	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-NN Commons
Cirsium pumilum var. pumilum	Pasture thistle	Native, Secure			NYFA-5 NRCS-N0 Commons
Cirsium altissimum  (=) Carduus altissimus	Tall thistle, Roadside thistle	Native, Likely extirpated			NYFA-Z NRCS-N0 Commons
Cirsium flodmanii  (=) Carduus flodmanii    (=) Cirsium oblanceolatum	Flodman's thistle, Prairie thistle	Unclear, Midwest native			NYFA-X NRCS-NN Commons
Cirsium horridulum var. horridulum	Yellow thistle, Bristly thistle, Horrid thistle, Bull thistle	Introduced, US South native			NYFA-X NRCS-N0 Commons
Cirsium (Eurasian )	Thistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	9 C
Cirsium arvense  (=) Carduus arvensis    (=) Cirsium incanum   (=) Cirsium setosum   (=) Serratula arvensis	Canada thistle, Creeping Thistle	Introduced, Highly invasive			NYIS-H 71 NYFA-X NRCS-XX CP-2 NE-2 Commons
Cirsium vulgare  (=) Carduus lanceolatus    (=) Carduus vulgaris   (=) Cirsium lanceolatum	Bull thistle, Common thistle, Spear thistle	Introduced, Invasive			NYFA-X NRCS-XX NE-3 Invasive.org Commons
Cirsium palustre  (=) Cardus palustris	Marsh thistle, European swamp thistle	Introduced, Invasive			NYIS-M 68 NYFA-X NRCS-XW NE-2 Commons

Genus Carduus

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Carduinae – genus Carduus
Carduus	Plumeless thistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	3 C
Carduus acanthoides ssp. acanthoides	Spiny plumeless thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Carduus crispus	Curled plumless-thistle, Welted thistle, Curled thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Carduus nutans	Musk thistle, Nodding thistle, Nodding plumeless thistle	Introduced			NRCS-XX Commons
Carduus pycnocephalus	Italian thistle	Introduced, Unvouchered waif			NYFA-U NRCS-XX Commons

Subtribe Centaureinae

The Centaureinae

Genus Plectocephalus

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Centaureinae – genus Plectocephalus
Plectocephalus	Basketflower	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Plectocephalus americanus  (=) Centaurea americana	American star-thistle, American basketflower, Powderpuff thistle, Thornless thistle	Introduced, US South native			NYFA-X NRCS-N0 Commons

Genus Centaurea

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Centaureinae – genus Centaurea
Centaurea subg. Cyanus	Knapweed, Starthistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	16 C
Centaurea cyanus  L. (1753)  (=) Cyanus segetum Hill (1769)   (=) Centaurea pulchra DC. (1837)	Cornflower, Bachelor’s-button, Bluebottle, Bluebonnets	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea montana  L. (1753)  (=) Cyanus montanus (L) Hill (1768)	Mountain starthistle, Mountain cornflower, Mountain bluet, Perennial cornflower	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea subg. Centaurea, jacea clade	Knapweed, Starthistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	16 C
Centaurea jacea  (=) Jacea pratensis	Brown knapweed, Brownray knapweed, Brown-rayed knapweed,, Brown starthistle	Introduced, Invasive			NYIS-M 62 NYFA-X NRCS-XX CP-3 Commons
Centaurea nigra	Lesser knapweed, Black knapweed, Common knapweed, Black starthistle	Introduced, Invasive			NYIS-M 62 NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea nigrescens  (=) Centaurea vochinensis    (=) C. dubia ssp. vochinensis   (=) Centaurea pratensis   (=) C. debeauxii ssp. thuillieri	Short-fringed starthistle, Tyrol knapweed, Short-fringed knapweed, Vochin knapweed	Introduced, Invasive			NYIS-M 62 NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea × moncktonii [ jacea × nigra ]  (=) Centaurea pratensis	Meadow knapweed, Protean knapweed	Introduced, Invasive			NYIS-M 62 NYFA-X NRCS-0X Commons
Centaurea benedicta (L.) L. (1763)  (=) Cnicus benedictus   (=) Cirsium pugnax	Blessed thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea phrygia  (=) Centaurea austriaca    (=) C. uniflora ssp. nervosa	Wig knapweed	Introduced, Not naturalized			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Centaurea subg. Centaurea, diffusa clade	Knapweed, Starthistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	16 C
Centaurea diffusa  (=) Acosta diffusa	Diffuse knapweed, White knapweed, Tumble knapweed	Introduced, Highly invasive			NYIS-H 79 feis Commons
Centaurea stoebe ssp. micranthos  (=) Centaurea biebersteinii    (=) C. maculosa auct. non Lam.   (=) C. maculosa ssp. micranthos   (=) Acosta maculosa auct. non Holub.	Spotted knapweed, Spotted star-thistle	Introduced, Highly invasive			NYIS-H 79 NYFA-X NRCS-XX CP-3 NE-1 Commons
Centaurea × psammogena [ diffusa × stoebe ssp. micranthos ]	Diffuse-spotted knapweed hybrid	Introduced, Highly invasive			NYIS-H 79 NRCS-0X Commons
Centaurea cineraria  (=) Centaurea gymnocarpa    (=) Centaurea candidissima   (=) Acosta cineraria	Velvet Centaurea, Star-thistle, Dusty miller	Introduced, Casual escape			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Centaurea paniculata	Jersey knapweed	Introduced, Impersistent, Questionable			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Centaurea subg. Centaurea, aspera clade	Knapweed, Starthistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	16 C
Centaurea aspera	Rough star-thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Centaurea calcitrapa	Purple starthistle, Red star-thistle, Caltrops	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea diluta	North African knapweed	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-X0 Commons
Centaurea scabiosa	Great starthistle, Greater knapweed, Hardheads, Scabious knapweed, Greater centaury	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons
Centaurea solstitialis  L.	Yellow starthistle, Barnaby star-thistle, St. Barnaby’s thistle	Introduced			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons

Genus Carthamus

Asteraceae – subfam. Carduoideae – tribe Cardueae – subtr. Centaureinae – genus Carthamus
Carthamus	Distaff thistle	N.Y. Status	Illustration	Distribution	1 C
Carthamus tinctorius  L.	Safflower	Introduced, Impersistent			NYFA-X NRCS-XX Commons