Flora of New York/Cichorioideae
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Flora of New York — Asterales : Asteraceae : Vernonioideae & Cichorioideae |
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Table of contents |
Genus index |
Protected species index | Invasive species index | ||
Subfamily Vernonioideae
[edit | edit source]Prior to 2019, the tribe Vernonieae was included in the Asteraceae subfamily Cichorioideae. Mandel et al. (2019) proposed moving Vernonieae and several related tribes into their own Asteraceae subfamily, Vernonioideae.[1]
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Tribe Vernonieae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Vernoniineae
[edit | edit source]Vernonia
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Vernonia | Ironweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Michx. 1753. Serratula noveboracensis L. in…
1753. Serratula praealta L. in…
1768. Serratula caroliniana Mill. in…
1768. Behen noveboracensis (L.) Hill in…
1768. Behen praealtum Hill in…
1788. Chrysocoma tomentosa Walter in…
1803. Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Michx. in…
1803. Vernonia noveboracensis (L.) Willd. in…
1804. Chrysocoma noveboracensis Desf. in…
1823. Vernonia tomentosa Elliott in…
1852. Vernonia rugeliana Shuttlew. ex A.Gray in…
1891. Cacalia noveboracensis (L.) Kuntze in…
1906. Vernonia harperi Gleason |
New York ironweed | Native, CoC: 3, Likely secure, S4 FACW Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 4 NYFA: 15 counties iNat GBIF ? counties |
USDA-N0 COL WFO POWO FSUS Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Walter) Trel. 1788. Chrysocoma gigantea Walter in…
1803. Vernonia praealta Michx. in…
1804. Chrysocoma praealta Desf. in…
1818. Vernonia altissima Nutt. in…
1838. Serratula altissima (Nutt.) DC. in…
1891. Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. in…
1891. Vernonia gigantea (Walter) Trel. ex Branner & Coville in…
1891. Cacalia gigantea (Walter) Kuntze in… |
Tall ironweed, Giant ironweed Vernonie géante |
Native, CoC: 0, Endangered, S1, G5 FAC-FACW Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 1 NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-NN COL POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
DC. 1838. Vernonia arkansana DC. in…
1838. Vernonia crinita Raf. in…
1891. Cacalia arkansana (DC.) Kuntze in… |
Ozark ironweed ⓘ
Arkansas ironweed ⓘ
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Introduced, N. America native Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Xm NYFA: ? counties GBIF ? counties |
USDA-NN POWO Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. 1803. Vernonia fasciculata Michx.
1907. Vernonia fasciculata var. corymbosa (Schwein.) Daniels
1972. Vernonia fasciculata ssp. corymbosa (Schwein.) S.B.Jones |
Smooth ironweed, Fascicled ironweed, Prairie ironweed Vernonie fasciculée |
Introduced from Midwest, N. America native Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Xm NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Willd. 1753. Serratula glauca L.
1803. Vernonia glauca (L.) Willd.
1884. Vernonia noveboracensis var. tomentosa Britton & Brown |
Broadleaf ironweed | Introduced from PA south, N. America native, No NY reports Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Unlisted NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Raf. Vernonia missurica Raf. |
Missouri ironweed | Introduced from south-central US, midwestern US, N. America native, No NY reports, naturalized in MA FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Unlisted NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Arctotideae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Gorteriinae
[edit | edit source]Gazania
[edit | edit source]Genus Gazania (Treasure Flowers)
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Genus Berkheya | African Thistles | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NPT |
Wedding treasureflower ⓘ |
Introduced, Cultivated |
NYFA: Not listed 13 cultivated |
Images Wikispecies | ||
Trailing Treasureflower ⓘ |
Introduced, Cultivated |
NYFA: Not listed 3 cultivated |
Images Wikispecies | ||
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Subfamily Cichorioideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Cichorieae
[edit | edit source]The members of the Cichorieae have white latex and most have flower heads with perfect 5-dentate, mostly-yellow, ligulate flowers.[1]
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Subtribe Scorzonerinae
[edit | edit source]Scorzonerinae Dumort., Fl. Belg.: 63. 18271[1]
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Tragopogon
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Tragopogon | Goat's beard, Salsify | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Tragopogon pratensis L.
1806. Hieracium tragopogon E.H.L.Krause in… |
Meadow salsify, Meadow goat's-beard, Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon Salsifis des prés |
Introduced from Eurasia |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Tragopogon porrifolius L. |
Salsify, Purple salsify, Purple goat's-beard, Vegetable oyster Salsifis cultivé, Salsifis blanc |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Scop. ssp. dubius1772. Tragopogon dubius Scop. in…
1879. Tragopogon major ssp. dubius (Scop.) Nyman in…
1912. Tragopogon pratensis ssp. dubius (Scop.) Gaut. in… |
Yellow salsify Salsifis majeur |
Introduced | NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Farw. Tragopogon porrifolius × Tragopogon pratensis 1930. Tragopogon neohybridus Farw. |
Goat's-beard, Newhybrid salsify, Hybrid of Meadow salsify & Purple salsify |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 IPN Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Scolyminae
[edit | edit source]Scolymus
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Scolymus | Golden thistle | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Scolymus hispanicus L.
1799. Scolymus grandiflorus Desf. |
Common goldenthistle, Spanish oyster-plant, Spanish salsify |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Impersistent, Not naturalized |
NYFA: Xm |
USDA-X0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Lactucinae
[edit | edit source]Lactuca
[edit | edit source]Eight Lettuce (Lactuca) species are reported in the New York Flora Atlas, along with a hybrid of the two more common native lettuce species. Four of the species are considered to be native to New York, while the other four are Eurasian species, including the cultivated garden lettuce (Lactuca sativa).
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Genus Lactuca | Lettuce | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Lactuca canadensis L.
1803. Lactuca longifolia Michx.
1824. Lactuca sagittifolia Elliott
1891. Lactuca canadensis var. latifolia Kuntze
1898. Lactuca canadensis var. montana Britton
1920. Lactuca canadensis var. obovata Wiegand
1923. Lactuca canadensis var. longifolia (Michx.) Farw. |
Tall lettuce, Canada lettuce, Canada wild lettuce, Tall wild lettuce, Arrow-leaved lettuce, Devil's weed Laitue du Canada |
Native, CoC: 1, Secure FACU Annual, biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 NYFA: ? counties iNat ? counties |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Moench) Fernald 1794. Sonchus biennis Moench
1940. Lactuca biennis (Moench) Fernald |
Tall blue lettuce, Blue wood lettuce, Biennial lettuce |
Native, CoC: 1, Secure FAC-FACU Annual, biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
B.L.Rob. Lactuca biennis × Lactuca canadensis |
Morss’s lettuce, Wild lettuce |
Native, Unranked |
NYFA: U NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Muhl. ex Nutt. |
Tall hairy lettuce, Hairy lettuce, Downy lettuce |
Native, CoC: 5, Endangered Biennial |
NYFA: 1 NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Gaertn. Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn. |
Woodland lettuce | Native, CoC: 10, Endangered |
NYFA: 1 NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Lactuca virosa L. misappl.
1756. Lactuca serriola L.
1763. Lactuca scariola L. orth.var.
1773. Lactuca augustana All.
1926. Lactuca serriola var. integrata Farw. |
Prickly lettuce, China lettuce, Wild lettuce |
Introduced from Europe |
NYFA: X NYFA: 35 counties ~30 counties |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Willow-leaved lettuce | Introduced | NYFA: X NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Garden lettuce | Introduced | NYFA: X NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-XW ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
(Pursh) DC. 1813. Sonchus pulchellus Pursh
1838. Lactuca pulchella (Pursh) DC.
1839. Mulgedium pulchellum (Pursh) G. Don
1841. Mulgedium pulchellum (Pursh) Nutt. (isonym)
1939. Lactuca tatarica ssp. pulchella (Pursh) Stebbins
1957. Lactuca tatarica var. pulchella (Pursh) Breitung |
Showy blue lettuce, Blue lettuce |
Introduced | NYFA: X NYFA: ? counties ? counties |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
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Mycelis
[edit | edit source]Genus Mycelis Cass. | Blue sow thistle | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | Refs.[1] NPT |
(L.) Dumort. 1753. Prenanthes muralis L.
1791. Lactuca muralis (L.) Gaertn.
1822. Cicerbita muralis (L.) Wallr.
1827. Mycelis muralis (L.) Dumort. |
Wall lettuce | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Subtribe Hyoseridinae
[edit | edit source]Sonchus
[edit | edit source]All sow thistles (Sonchus spp.) found in New York are non-native plants. Sonchus arvensis ssp. arvensis, in particular, is considered to be a noxious weed in much of North America and is being tracked in New York for its invasiveness.[1]
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Sonchus | sow-thistle | flowerhead (capitulum) width (mm) | fruiting involucre length (mm) | duration | roots | peduncles (flower/fruit stalks) |
phyllaries (involucral bracts) |
leaf blades |
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S. arvensis ssp. arvensis | field sowthistle | 30-50 | >13, 14-17 | perennial | creeping, deep-seated rhizome | pubescent, yellow stipitate glands | pubescent, yellow stipitate glands, 14-17 mm | |
S. arvensis ssp. uliginosus | smooth sowthistle | 30-50 | >13, 10-15 | perennial | creeping, deep-seated rhizome | glabrous, sessile yellow glands | glabrous, sessile yellow glands or tomentose, 10-15 mm | |
S. asper | spiny-leaved sowthistle | 15-25 | ≤13 | annual or biennial | taproot | stipulate glands or sometimes glabrous | 9-13+ mm | firm, stiff prickles, rounded basal auricles |
S. oleraceus | common sow-thistle | 15-25 | ≤13 | annual or biennial | taproot | glabrous or sometimes stipulate glands | 9-13+ mm | soft, softer prickles, triangular basal auricles |
Genus Sonchus | Sow thistle | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. ssp. arvensis1753. Sonchus arvensis L. in…
1771. Hieracium arvense Scop. in…
1813. Lepicaune spinulosa Lapeyr. in…
1826. Hieracium spinulosum Spreng. in…
1869. Sonchoseris arvensis Fourr. in… |
Field sow thistle ⓘ
Field sow-thistle ⓘ Laiteron des champs ⓘ
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Introduced from Europe, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: 20, USGS: L48 invasive, USGS: L48 established, Naturalized |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
L. ssp. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Nyman1808. Sonchus uliginosus M.Bieb.
1866. Sonchus arvensis var. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Trautv.
1879. Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Nyman |
Smooth sow thistle ⓘ
Moist sowthistle
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Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 3, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized |
NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Hill 1769. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill
1800. Hieracium asperum (L.) Bernh. |
Spiny-leaved sowthistle ⓘ
Spiny sowthistle
Prickly sowthistle
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Introduced, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 9, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized |
NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Common sowthistle | Introduced, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 9, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized |
NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Slender sowthistle | Introduced, Not naturalized |
NYFA: X NYFA: Richmond (1908) No observations |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Crepidinae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Crepidinae
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Nabalus
[edit | edit source]Common names for Nabalus species include rattlesnake-root and white lettuce.
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Names | Principle phyllaries (inner/longer involucral bracts) |
Flower count |
Ray color |
Pappus color | |||
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Nabalus | rattlesnakeroot | surface | color | count | |||
N. altissimus | tall rattlesnake root | glabrous | pale green | (4)5(6) | 5–6 | ||
N. trifoliolatus | threeleaf rattlesnake root | glabrous | pale green | (7)8–14 | (8)9–18(20) | green-yellow to yellow-white |
light brown to pale yellow-brown |
N. albus | white rattlesnake root | glabrous | pale purple-green | (7)8–14 | (8)9–18(20) | white-pink-lavender | deep red-brown |
Genus Nabalus | Rattlesnakeroot | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Hook. 1753. Prenanthes altissima L.
1833. Nabalus altissimus (L.) Hook.
1900. Prenanthes altissima var. hispidula Fernald
1908. Prenanthes altissima var. cinnamomea Fernald |
Tall rattlesnake root, Tall rattlesnake-root, Tall white-lettuce Prenanthe élevée |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5? FACU Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 iNat |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Cass. 1825. Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass.
1838. Nabalus nanus (Bigelow) DC.
1839. Prenanthes nana Torr. ex DC.
1900. Prenanthes trifoliolata (Cass.) Fernald
1901. Prenanthes trifoliolata var. nana (Bigelow) Fernald |
Three-leaved rattlesnake root, Threeleaf rattlesnake-root, Gall of the earth |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5 Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 iNat |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Hook. 1753. Prenanthes alba L.
1833. Nabalus albus (L.) Hook. |
White rattlesnakeroot, White rattlesnake-root Prenanthe blanche |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5 FACU Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 iNat |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
(Pursh) Hook. 1813. Prenanthes serpentaria Pursh
Nabalus integrifolius Cass.
1833. Nabalus serpentarius (Pursh) Hook.
Nabalus fraseri DC.
P. integrifolia (Cass.) Small |
Lion's-foot rattlesnakeroot, Cankerweed, Gall-of-the-earth, Butterweed |
Native, CoC: 10, Unranked, SNR |
Albany, Bronx, Chemung, Kings, Nassau, Otsego, Queens, Richmond, Suffolk, Ulster, Westchester NYFA: 3-4 iNat |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
DC. 1838. Nabalus boottii DC.
1847. Prenanthes boottii (DC.) D. Dietr. |
Alpine rattlesnakeroot, Boott's rattlesnake-root |
Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G2 Perennial, Herb-forb |
Essex (1862-1998) NYFA: 1 iNat |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(Michx.) DC. Prenanthes crepidinea Michx.
Nabalus crepidineus (Michx.) DC. |
Nodding rattlesnakeroot, Nodding rattlesnake-root |
Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, No recent reports, SH, G3-4 FAC-FACU Perennial, Herb-forb |
Cattaraugus, Erie (1844) NYFA: Z iNat |
USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. ssp. racemosa Nabalus racemosus |
Glaucous rattlesnake-root, Purple rattlesnakeroot, Purple rattlesnake-root |
Native, CoC: 10, Extirpated, SX FACW Perennial, Herb-forb |
Kings (1891), Nassau (1909), Queens (1882), Rockland, Westchester (1896) NYFA: X iNat |
USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
(A. Gray) A. Heller Nabalus racemosus × Nabalus trifoliolatus |
Maine rattlesnake root | Native, No recent reports, SNA, GNA Perennial, Herb-forb |
Nassau (1909) NYFA: Z |
USDA- Images Wikispecies | |
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Ixeris
[edit | edit source]Creeping lettuce (Ixeris stolonifera) appears to have been collected from a Long Island garden in 1985 and has also been found in New Jersey, southeastern Pennsylvania, and Delaware but is not assumed to naturalize in New York State.
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Genus Ixeris | Ixeris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
A.Gray Ixeris stolonifera (A. Gray
Lactuca stolonifera (A. Gray) Benth. ex Maxim. |
Creeping lettuce | Introduced from east Asia, Impersistent, Not naturalized |
Nassau (1985) NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Taraxacum
[edit | edit source]Genus Taraxacum | Dandelion | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
F.H.Wigg. Leontodon taraxacum L.
Taraxacum officinale var. palustre Blytt
Taraxacum sylvanicum R.Doll
Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg. |
Common dandelion, Dandelion Pissenlit officinal |
Introduced, Widespread weed |
NYFA: X |
USDA-MM Go Botany VASCAN Images Wikispecies | |
Andrz. ex Besser Leontodon erythrospermum (Andrz. ex Besser) Britton
Taraxacum disseminatum G.E.Haglund
Taraxacum erythrospermum Andrz. ex Besser
Taraxacum lacistophyllum (Dahlst.) Raunk. |
Red-seeded dandelion, Smooth dandelion, Lesser dandelion, Rock dandelion Pissenlit à graines rouges, Pissenlit à fruits rouges |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
(Lyons) Symons |
Marsh dandelion Pissenlit palustre, Pissenlit des marais |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX VASCAN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Taraxacum (excluded) | Dandelion | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Ledeb.) DC |
Horned dandelion, Northern dandelion, Woolbearing dandelion Pissenlit tuberculé, Pissenlit corniculé |
N. America native western N. A., N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Dahlst. |
Showy dandelion ⓘ |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Youngia
[edit | edit source]Oriental false hawksbeard (Youngia japonica) appears to be present in New York State and is being tracked for its invasive potential.
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Genus Youngia | False hawksbeard | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) DC. Youngia japonica (L.) DC. |
Oriental false hawksbeard
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Introduced, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, GRIIS-US: Invasive |
NYFA: 0 counties iNat GBIF 4 counties |
Images Wikispecies | |
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Crepis
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Crepis | Hawksbeard | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Wallr. 1763. Crepis virens L.
1840. Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr.
1860. Malacothrix crepoides A.Gray
1874. Crepis cooperi A.Gray (i) |
Smooth hawksbeard, Smooth hawk's-beard, Green crepis Crépis capillaire, Crépis à tige capillaire, Crépis verdâtre, Crépide à tige capillaire, Crépide capillaire, Crépide verdâtre |
Introduced from Europe UPL Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Crepis biennis L.
1838. Limonoseris biennis (L.) Peterm. |
Rough hawksbeard, Rough hawk's-beard Crépis bisannuel, Crépis des prés, Crépide bisannuelle, Crépide des prés |
Introduced from Europe Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Haller f. 1797. Crepis setosa Haller f. |
Bristly hawksbeard, Bristly hawk's-beard |
Introduced from Eurasia |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Crepis tectorum L. |
Narrowleaf hawksbeard, Narrow-leaved hawk's-beard Crépis des troits |
Introduced from Eurasia |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XW ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
L. ssp. taraxacifolia |
Beaked hawksbeard, Beaked hawk's-beard |
Introduced, Impersistent |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | ||
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Lapsana
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Lapsana | Nipplewort | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Lapsana communis L.
1899. Lalda communis (L.) Bubani |
Nipplewort ⓘ
Common nipplewort ⓘ
Ballogan ⓘ
Succory-dock ⓘ
Dock-cress
Succory dock-cress Lapsane commune ⓘ
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Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: 9, USGS: L48 invasive, Naturalized FACU Annual, Herb-forb |
NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Chondrillinae
[edit | edit source]Chondrilla
[edit | edit source]Genus Chondrilla | Chondrilla | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. |
Rush skeletonweed | Introduced, Noxious weed US west |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Hypochaeridinae
[edit | edit source]The subtribe Hypochaeridinae contains the genera Hedypnois, Helminthotheca, Hypochaeris, Leontodon, Picris, Prenanthes, Scorzoneroides, and Urospermum.[1]
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Scorzoneroides
[edit | edit source][1]
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Genus Scorzoneroides | Hawkbit | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Moench ssp. autumnalis1753. Leontodon autumnalis L. in…
1778. Hedypnois autumnalis (L.) Huds. in…
1779. Scorzonera autumnalis (L.) Lam. in…
1785. Picris autumnalis (L.) All. in…
1794. Scorzoneroides autumnalis (L.) Moench in…
1800. Lactuca autumnalis (L.) Bernh. in…
1804. Apargia autumnalis (L.) Hoffm. in…
1822. Virea autumnalis (L.) Gray in…
1829. Apargia pratensis Link in…
1829. Oporinia autumnalis (L.) D.Don in…
1846. Taraxacum autumnale (L.) Gueldenst. ex Ledeb. in… |
Autumn hawkbit, Fall hawkbit, Fall dandelion |
Introduced from Europe to Siberia & Caucasus |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX POWO FSUS ARS-GRIN ITIS FNAFNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Hypochaeris
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Hypochaeris | Cat's ear | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. ssp. radicata1753. Hypochaeris radicata L. in…
1771. Leontodon ciliatus Scop. in…
1771. Achyrophorus radicatus (L.) Scop. in…
1786. Hypochaeris radiata Falk in…
1826. Porcellites radicata (L.) Cass. in…
1840. Apargia serotina Jan ex Steud. in…
1911. Crepis molokaiensis H.Lév. in… |
Spotted cat's ear, Hairy cat's ear |
Introduced from Eurasia |
NYFA: X NYFA: 28 counties ? counties |
USDA-XX FSUS Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Helminthotheca
[edit | edit source]Genus Helminthotheca | Ox-tongue | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Holub 1753. Picris echioides L. in…
1785. Crepis echioides (L.) All. in…
1791. Helminthia echioides (L.) Gaertn. in…
1794. Helminthia tuberculata Moench in…
1796. Picris ruderalis Salisb. in…
1807. Picris humifusa Willd. in…
1816. Picris spinosa (DC.) Poir. in…
1867. Helminthia dichotoma Dulac in…
1973. Helminthotheca echioides (L.) Holub in…
2006. Helminthotheca echioides var. incisa P.D.Sell in… |
Bristly oxtongue | Introduced from Medit. to Caucasus, E. Europe to Turkmenistan |
NYFA: X NYFA: 3 counties iNat ? counties |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Picris
[edit | edit source]Hawkweed oxtongue is becoming increasingly common along roadsides in the Northeast, and it is considered to be a noxious weed in Washington State.
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Genus Picris | Ox-tongue | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Picris hieracioides L.
1762. Hedypnois hieracioides (L.) Huds.
1781. Picris aspera Gilib.
1789. Leontodon umbellatus Schrank
1803. Apargia hieracioides (L.) Willd.
1918. Apargia umbellata (Schrank) Schrank
1967. P. hieracioides var. kamtschatica (Ledeb.) B. Boivin
1968. P. hieracioides ssp. kamtschatica (Ledeb.) Hultén
1982. P. hieracioides ssp. tsekouensis Kitam.
2007. P. hieracioides var. alpina |
Hawkweed oxtongue Picride fausse-épervière, Picride épervière, Picris fausse-épervière |
Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive |
NYFA: X |
USDA-MX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Leontodon
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Leontodon | Hawkbit | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. ssp. hispidus1753. Leontodon hispidus L. in…
1771. Leontodon chondrillifolius Scop. in…
1777. Hieracium incanum Pollich in…
1778. Hedypnois hispida (L.) Huds. in…
1785. Picris hispida (L.) All. in…
1800. Picris acaulis Bernh. in…
1812. Apargia hispida (L.) Hoffm. in…
1822. Virea hispida (L.) Gray in…
1826. Apargia communis Spenn. in…
1840. Apargia hirta Steud. in…
1844. Leontodon vulgaris Kitt. in…
1871. Leontodon hastilis ssp. hispidus (L.) Čelak. in…
1882. Leontodon protheiformis ssp. hispidus (L.) Arcang. in… |
Common hawkbit, Bristly hawkbit, Rough hawkbit |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX POWO ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Lam. ssp. saxatilis1771. Apargia hirta (L.) Scop. in…
1779. Leontodon saxatilis Lam. in…
1819. Apargia saxatilis Ten. in…
1831. Leontodon taraxacoides (Vill.) Willd. ex Mérat in…
1869. Asterothrix crispa (Vill.) Fourr. in…
1879. Leontodon crispus ssp. saxatilis (Lam.) Nyman in…
1952. Thrincia saxatilis (Lam.) Holub & Moravec in… |
Lesser hawkbit | Introduced | NYFA: Xu |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Hieraciinae
[edit | edit source]The Hieraciinae contains the hawkweeds. Some sources include them all in genus Hieracium, while others split them into two genera, as is done here.
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Hieracium
[edit | edit source]The genus Hieracium contains as many as 4631 species worldwide.[1]
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Genus Hieracium subg. Chionoracium | Hawkweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. 1803. Hieracium scabrum Michx. |
Rough hawkweed Sticky hawkweed Épervière scabre |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure |
NYFA: 5 iNat: 14 counties |
USDA-NN POWO Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Hieracium paniculatum L. in Sp. Pl.: 802 |
Panicled hawkweed Allegheny hawkweed Leafy hawkweed Épervière paniculée |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure, Heliophily: 5 |
NYFA: 5 iNat: 25 counties |
USDA-NN POWO FSUS Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
1753. Hieracium venosum L.
1918. Hieracium venosum var. nudicaule (Michx.) Farw. |
Rattlesnake hawkweed, Veiny hawkweed, Poor-Robin's-plantain |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Hieracium umbellatum L.
1753. Hieracium kalmii L.
1803. Hieracium canadense Michx.
1824. Hieracium scabriusculum Schwein.
1901. Hieracium columbianum Rydb.
1993. Hieracium kalmii var. canadense (Michx.) Reveal |
Canada hawkweed, Canadian hawkweed, Kalm's hawkweed, Narrowleaf hawkweed Èpervière en ombelle, Èpervière de Kalm |
Native, CoC: 5, Likely secure Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNAFNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Hairy hawkweed, Queen-devil, Gronovius' hawkweed, Beaked hawkweed |
Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure FACU-UPL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Willd. Hieracium gronovii × Hieracium venosum Hieracium marianum Willd.
Hieracium × marianum Willd.
H. pennsylvanicum Fr. |
Maryland hawkweed | Native, Threatened |
NYFA: 2? GBIF: present in NY |
USDA-NN ITIS FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Common hawkweed | Introduced from Eurasia, Canada, N. America native |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XN ARS-GRIN FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Hieracium hyparcticum (Almquist) Elfstr. |
Wall hawkweed
Few-leaved hawkweed ⓘ
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Introduced | NYFA: X GBIF: present in NY |
USDA-XX FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
New England hawkweed | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX FNA BONAP Images Wikispecies | ||
Schrank |
Spotted hawkweed | Introduced, Unknown naturalization, SNA |
NYFA: Essex (1939) iNat: 3 counties |
Images Wikispecies | |
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Pilosella
[edit | edit source]A universal acceptance of the separation of Pilosella from Hieracium has been gradual and is still not complete. Hieracium aurantiacum, H. pilosella and ten others were proposed for transfer to Pilosella in 1862, but many others weren't proposed until a century later. Besides clear morphological differences Pilosella species are prone to hybridization within the genus, while Hieracium species rarely hybridize.[1]
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Genus Pilosella | Hawkweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. 1753. Hieracium aurantiacum L. in…
1862. Pilosella aurantiaca (L.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. in…
1863. Hieracium bihariense A.Kern. in…
1880. Pilosella bihariensis Arv.-Touv. in…
1921. Hieracium brunneocroceum Pugsley in…
1989. Pilosella carpathicola (Nägeli & Peter) Schljakov in…
1989. Pilosella neriedowae (Woł. & Zahn) Schljakov in…
1989. Pilosella subaurantiaca (Nägeli & Peter) Schljakov in…
1995. Hieracium carpathicola (Nägeli & Peter) Czerep. in… |
Orange hawkweed, Devil's-paintbrush, King devil, Orange-red king devil, Fox and cubs Épervière orangée, Bouquets rouges, Marguerite rouge |
Introduced from Central & SE. Europe to Ukraine, Potentially invasive Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Dumort.) P.D.Sell. & C.West 1827. Hieracium caespitosum Dumort.
1828. Hieracium pratense Tausch
1967. Pilosella caespitosa P.D.Sell & C.West |
Yellow Hawkweed, Yellow king-devil, Yellow fox-and-cubs, Meadow hawkweed Èpervière des prés, Èpervière des prairies |
Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(Vill.) Soják 1779. Hieracium piloselloides Vill.
1785. Hieracium florentinum All.
1971. P. piloselloides (Vill.) Soják |
Glaucous-leaved hawkweed, Tall hawkweed, Kingdevil, Smoothish hawkweed Èpervière des Florentins |
Introduced, Naturalized |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-XX Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. 1753. Hieracium pilosella L,
1862. P. officinarum F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip. |
Mouse-ear hawkweed | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-X Go Botany Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Willd.) P.D. Sell & C. West 1814. Hieracium flagellare Willd.
1866. Hieracium flagellare Schur
1967. P. flagellaris (Willd.) P.D. Sell & C. West |
Whiplash hawkweed, Whip hawkweed |
Introduced, Naturalized |
NYFA: Xn |
Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
(Wallr.) P.D. Sell & C. West 1822. Hieracium lactucella Wallr.
1967. P. lactucella (Wallr.) P.D. Sell & C. West |
Lettuce hawkweed, European hawkweed |
Introduced, Unk. naturalization Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: |
Images Wikispecies | |
Pilosella aurantiaca × Pilosella caespitosa 1885. H. fuscoatrum Nägeli & Peter
1971. P. fuscoatra (Nägeli & Peter) Soják |
Hybrid hawkweed, Hybrid of orange hawkweed & yellow hawkweed |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
(Wimm. & Grab.) Fr. Pilosella caespitosa × Pilosella lactucella Hieracium × floribundum
Hieracium × dorei
Hieracium auricula |
King-devil hawkweed, Meadow hawkweed, Yellow hawkweed, Yellow devil hawkweed, Smoothish hawkweed Épervière à fleurs nombreuses |
Introduced | NYFA: Xn |
VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(Vill.) Arv.-Touv. Pilosella officinarum × Pilosella piloselloides Hieracium × brachiatum Bertol. ex DC.
P. × brachiata (DC.) F.W.Schultz & Sch.Bip.
P. × acutifolia (Vill.) Arv.-Touv. |
Sharp-leaved hawkweed ⓘ
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Introduced, Unk. naturalization |
NYFA: Xu |
Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Microseridinae
[edit | edit source]Krigia
[edit | edit source]Genus Krigia | Dwarf dandelion | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Walter) S.F.Blake |
Twoflower dwarfdandelion, Two-flowered dwarf dandelion |
Native, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Willd. |
Virginia dwarf-dandelion | Native, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NX Images Wikispecies | |
(Raf.) K.L.Chambers var. cespitosa1817. Krigia oppositifolia Raf. in…
1817. Serinia cespitosa Raf. in…
1823. Apogon humilis Elliott in…
1838. Krigia petiolaris Raf. in…
1866. Arnoseris humilis (Elliott) Sch.Bip. in…
1891. Serinia oppositifolia (Raf.) Kuntze in…
1973. Krigia cespitosa (Raf.) K.L.Chambers in… |
Common dwarf-dandelion, Weedy dwarf-dandelion |
Introduced from Central & SE. U.S.A. to, Mexico (Tamaulipas), US South native, No specimens |
NYFA-Excluded NYFA: Not listed Bronx (2017) |
USDA-N0 POWO Images Wikispecies | |
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Stephanomeria
[edit | edit source]Genus Stephanomeria | Wire lettuce | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Nutt. ssp. exigua |
Small wirelettuce | Introduced, N. America native, Impersistent |
NYFA: Xm |
USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Nothocalais
[edit | edit source]Genus Nothocalais | False agoseris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Pursh) Greene 1814. Troximon cuspidatum Pursh
1840. Agoseris cuspidata (Pursh) Raf.
1866. Microseris cuspidata (Pursh) Sch. Bip.
1886. Nothocalais cuspidata (Pursh) Greene |
Prairie false dandelion, Sharppoint prairie-dandelion, Wavy-leaf prairie-dandelion, Toothed microseris Microséris cuspidé |
N. America native Great Plains, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN VASCAN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Malacothrix
[edit | edit source]Genus Malacothrix | Desert-dandelion | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Nutt.) Torr. & A. Gray |
Sowthistle desertdandelion | N. America native western N. America, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Cichoriinae
[edit | edit source]Cichorium
[edit | edit source]Genus Cichorium | Chicory | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Cichorium intybus L. |
Chicory, Succory, Blue sailors, French endive Chicorée sauvage, Chicorée amère, Chicorée |
Introduced from Eurasia, Tunisia, Potentially invasive FACU Biennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Arnoseris
[edit | edit source]Genus Arnoseris | Arnoseris | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Schweigg. & Körte 1753. Hyoseris minima L
1811. Arnoseris minima (L.) Schweigg. & Körte |
Lamb's succory, Lamb's lettuce, Swine's succory Porcelle des moutons, Chicorée de mouton, Arnoséris minime, Arnoséris naine |
Introduced, Impersistent, No specimens |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
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