Flora of New York/Lamiales 2

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←
Lamiales 1:
Oleaceae
↓
Scrophulariaceae 		Flora of New York — Lamiales 2: : Lamiaceae →
Lamiales 3:
Mazaceae
↓
Lentibulariaceae
Table of
contents 		Genus
index 		Protected species index Invasive species index


Family Lamiaceae

The Lamiaceae (mint family) is the sixth largest family of the flowering-plants.[F 1]

Subfamily Viticoideae

Although no members of the Viticoideae (sage subfamily) have yet been verified outside of cultivation in New York, the beach vitex has been documented as having the potential to be highly invasive in the Long Island region. The genus Callicarpa is included here only for convenience, as it is currently unplaced within the Lamiaceae but is said to be "allied" to the Viticoideae.[1] Callicarpa americana has also not been found to have naturalized in New York, but it is cultivaed and sold in the "native plant" trade.
  1. ↑ Systematics of Lamiaceae subfamily Viticoideae and allies

Vitex

Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Viticoideae — Vitex
Genus Vitex Chaste-tree N.Y. Status Images Distribution 0 NPT
 L.f.
1782. Vitex rotundifolia L.f.
1784. Vitex ovata Thunb.
1847. Vitex trifoliavar. unifoliolata
1891. Vitex ovatavar. subtrisecta
1903. Vitex trifoliavar. ovata
1959. Vitex trifoliavar. simplicifolia
 Beach vitex,
Roundleaf chaste-tree,
Chasteberry,
Monk's pepper 		Introduced from
 western Pacific,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 73%[1]
Perennial,
Shrub

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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Vitex rotundifolia: High (73).

Callicarpa

American beautyberry is native to the Southeast and occasionally planted in New York as a "native" shrub, but its has not been known to naturalize in the Northeast.
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Viticoideae — Callicarpa
Genus Callicarpa Beautyberry N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
1753. Callicarpa americana L.
1755. Burchardia americana (L.) Duhamel
 American beautyberry,
Beauty-berry,
French mulberry 		Introduced from
 southeastern US,
US South native

NYFA: 0
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Subfamily Ajugoideae

The Ajugoideae

Tribe Ajugeae

Trichostema
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Ajugoideae — Ajugeae — Trichostema
Genus Trichostema sect. Trichostema Bluecurls N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Trichostema dichotomum L.
1821. Trichostema pilosum Roth
1937. T. dichotomum  var. puberulum  Fernald & Griscom
 Forked bluecurls,
Bastard pennyroyal,
Common blue curls,
Blue curls
Trichostème fourchu ⓘ
Native,
Secure

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1778. Trichostema setaceum Houtt.
1788. T. lineare Walter
1814. T. dichotomum  var. lineare  (Walter) Pursh
1818. T. lineare Nutt.
 Narrowleaf bluecurls,
Narrow-leaved blue-curls 		Native,
Endangered

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Genus Trichostema sect. Orthopodium Bluecurls N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Trichostema brachiatum L.
1803. Isanthus coeruleus Michx.
1888. Isanthus brachiatus B.S.P.
[1]
1933. Isanthus brachiatusvar. linearis
1943. Tetraclea viscida Lundell
 Fluxweed,
False pennyroyal,
Glade blue curls,
Pennyroyal blue curls 		Native,
Rare

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  1. ↑ Weakley (2005) suggests that Trichostema sect. Orthopodium could be moved to Isanthus, which would return Trichostema brachiatum to Isanthus brachiatus. Weakley, Alan. 2005. Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia. Working draft. June 10, 2005. University of North Carolina Herbarium, Chapel Hill, NC.
Ajuga
Ajuga reptans L.
carpet bugle
Ajuga, or bugleweed, contains about 40 species of herbaceous plants, none of which are native to North America. The two species Ajuga reptans and to a lesser extent Ajuga genevensis have been found to naturalize in New York State.
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Ajugoideae — Ajugeae — Ajuga
Genus Ajuga Bugle N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Ajuga reptans L.
 Carpet bugle,
Common bugle,
Blue bugle
Bugle rampante ⓘ
Introduced,
Widespread weed,
CP-5[1],
NE-3[2]

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 L.
1753. Ajuga genevensis L.
 Erect bugle,
Standing bugle,
Geneva bugle 		Introduced

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  1. ↑ Appendix 5. Plant species of concern (Watch List) within the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Plantations' accessioned collections (2009)
  2. ↑ Category 3 Plants - widespread non-native species - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service

Tribe Teucrieae

Teucrium
Teucrium canadense L.
American germander
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Teucrieae — Teucrium
Genus Teucrium Germander N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Teucrium canadense L.
1829. T. canadense  var. virginicum  (L.) Eaton
1878. T. occidentale A. Gray
1901. T. boreale E.P. Bicknell
1901. T. littorale E.P. Bicknell
1908. T. canadense  var. littorale  (E.P. Bicknell) Fernald
1946. T. canadense  var. occidentale  (A. Gray) E. M. McClint. & Epling
1963. T. canadense  var. boreale  (E.P. Bicknell) Shinners
American germander
Canada germander
Canadian germander
Hairy germander
Western germander
Wood sage
Germandrée du Canada ⓘ
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
FACW
Perennial,
Herb=forb,
Part shade

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 L.
1753. Teucrium botrys L.
 Cutleaf germander,
Cut-leaved germander,
Cut-leaf germander 		Introduced from
 Europe,
Possibly naturalized

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Subfamily Scutellarioideae

Scutellaria
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Scutellarioideae — Scutellaria
Genus Scutellaria Skullcap N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Marsh skullcap,
Hooded skullcap 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

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 L.
 Blue skullcap,
Mad-dog skullcap 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

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 Michx.
var. parvula
 Small skullcap Native, CoC: 8,
Rare,
DEC-C[1]

NYFA: 3
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var. missouriensis
 Leonard's skullcap Native, CoC: 10,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z
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 Biehler
var. incana
 Hoary skullcap,
Downy skullcap 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
No recent reports,
DEC-A[2]

NYFA: Z
USDA-N0
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 L.
 Helmet flower,
Hyssop skullcap 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2]

NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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 Muhl. ex Spreng.
var. elliptica
    Scutellaria ovalifolia Pers.
    Scutellaria pilosa Michx.
 Hairy skullcap Native, CoC: 10,
Likely extirpated

NYFA: Z
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 Pursh
 Veined skullcap Native, CoC: 10,
Likely extirpated

NYFA: Z
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Showy skullcap Native, CoC: 10,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z
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 Fernald
  Scutellaria galericulata ×
  Scutellaria lateriflora
 Skullcap Native,
N.Y. excluded

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  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (c) Rare.
  2. ↑ a b New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.

Subfamily Lamioideae

Tribe Marrubieae

Ballota
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Marrubieae — Ballota
Genus Ballota Horehound N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. foetida (Koch) Hayek
1929. Ballota nigrassp. foetida
    Ballota nigravar. alba
    Ballota nigravar. foetida
    Ballota borealis Schweigg.
 Black horehound,
Fetid horehound
Ballote vulgaire,
Ballote noire,
Marrube noire 		Introduced from
 Europe,
 northern Africa

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Marrubium
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Marrubieae — Marrubium
Genus Marrubium Horehound N.Y. Status Images Distribution 1 NPT
 L.
 Horehound Introduced

NYFA: X
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Moluccella
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Marrubieae — Moluccella
Genus Moluccella Moluccella N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Shellflower Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
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Tribe Lamieae

Lamiastrum
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Lamieae — Lamiastrum
Genus Lamiastrum Lamiastrum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Ehren. & Polatschek
1753. Galeopsis galeobdolon L.
1769. Lamium galeobdolon Crantz
1778. Galeobdolon luteum Huds.
1966. Lamiastrum galeobdolon Ehren. &al.
 Yellow archangel,
Yellow henbit,
Aluminum plant,
Artillery plant
Lamier jaune,
Ortie jaune,
Lamier doré 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Invasive,
Weed[1]

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  1. ↑ Lamiastrum galeobdolon is declared as a noxious weed in Oregon and Washington state
Lamium
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Lamieae — Lamium
Genus Lamium Deadnettle N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) L.
1753. Lamium albumvar. maculatum L.
1763. Lamium maculatum L.
 Spotted deadnettle,
Spotted henbit,
Variegated deadnettle
Lamier maculé,
Lamier tacheté 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Widespread weed,
NE-3[1],
IPA

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 L.
1753. Lamium purpureum L.
1852. Lamiopsis purpurea (L.) Opiz
 Purple deadnettle,
Red hanbit,
Red deadnettle 		Introduced,
Widespread weed

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 L.
var. incisum
    Lamium dissectum With.
 auct. Lamium hybridum non Vill.
    Lamium purpureumvar. incisum
 Hybrid deadnettle,
Purple deadnettle,
Red deadnettle,
Red hanbit 		Introduced

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 L.
1753. Lamium amplexicaule L.
1960. Lamium amplexicaulevar. album
Pickens & M.C.W.Pickens
 Henbit deadnettle,
Common dead-nettle,
Common henbit,
Clasping henbit 		Introduced from
 Eurasia, n. Africa

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 L.
ssp. album
1753. Lamium album L.
 White deadnettle,
White-nettle,
White henbit,
Snowflake 		Introduced from
 Eurasia

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  1. ↑ Category 3 Plants - widespread non-native species - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service

Tribe Leonureae

Leonurus
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Leonureae — Leonurus
Genus Leonurus Motherwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Leonurus cardiaca L.
1830. Leonurus glaucescens Bunge
1849. Leonurus cardiacavar. villosus
1874. Lamium cardiaca (L.) Baill.
1945. Leonurus cardiacassp. villosus
 Common mother-wort,
Motherwort 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Widespread weed,
NE-3[1]

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 Houtt.
1753. Leonurus sibiricus L. misapplied
    Leonurus japonicus Houtt.
 Honeyweed,
Siberian motherwort 		Introduced

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  1. ↑ Category 3 Plants - widespread non-native species - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
Chaiturus
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Leonureae — Chaiturus
Genus Chaiturus Lion's tail N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Spenn.
1753. Leonurus marrubiastrum L
    Chaiturus marrubiastrum (L.) Spenn.
 Lion's tail Introduced

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Tribe Phlomideae

Phlomis
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Phlomideae — Phlomis
Genus Phlomis Jerusalem-sage N.Y. Status Images Distribution 1 NPT
 L.
1753. Phlomis tuberosa L.
1794. Phlomoides tuberosa (L.) Moench
1824. Leonotis tuberosa (L.) Hoffmanns.
1829. Phlomidopsis tuberosa (L.) Link
1837. Trambis tuberosa (L.) Raf.
1843. Phlomitis tuberosa (L.) Rchb.
ex T.Nees
 Tuberous Jerusalem sage,
Jerusalem sage
Sauge de Jérusalem 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Unk. naturalization

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Tribe Synandreae

Physostegia

The only native or naturalized member of Physostegia found in New York is P. virginiana, the commonly-cultivated northern obedient-plant. Although it is considered native to New York, most populations are probably the result of naturalized escapes.[1]

Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Synandreae — Physostegia
Genus Physostegia Lionsheart N.Y. Status Images Distribution 1 NPT
 (L.) Benth.
ssp. virginiana
1753. Dracocephalum virginianum L.
1789. Dracocephalum denticulatum Aiton
1830. Physostegia speciosa Sweet
1834. Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth.
1908. Physostegia formosior Lunell
1931. Dracocephalum formosius Rydb.
1982. P. virginianassp. virginiana autonym
 Obedient plant,
False dragon-head,
Obedient false dragon-head,
Virginia false dragon-head
Physostégie de Virginie 		Native,
Secure

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  1. ↑ Troy Weldy, David Werier, and Andrew Nelson (2014). New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

Tribe Stachydeae

Stachys
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — Stachydeae — Stachys
Genus Stachys Hedgenettle N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Pursh
1800. Stachys tenuifolia Willd. (misappl.)
1814. Stachys hispida Pursh
1836. Stachys glabra Riddell
1920. S. palustrisvar. macrocalyx Jenn.
1943. S. tenuifoliavar. platyphylla Fernald
1943. S. tenuifoliavar. perlonga Fernald
1943. S. tenuifoliavar. hispida Fernald
1972. S. palustrisvar. hispida B.Boivin
 Hispid hedgenettle,
Smooth hedge-nettle,
Slender betony 		Native,
Likely secure

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 Michx.
var. hyssopifolia
    Stachys hyssopifolia Michx.
    Stachys atlantica Britton
    Stachys lythroides Small
 Hyssopleaf hedgenettle,
Hyssop-leaved
    hedge-nettle 		Native,
Threatened

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 Nutt.
1834. Stachys pilosa Nutt.
1934. Stachys palustris  ssp. pilosa  (Nutt.) Epling
1943. Stachys palustris  var. pilosa  (Nutt.) Fernald
Hairy hedgenettle ⓘ
Hairy hedge nettle ⓘ
hairy hedge-nettle ⓘ
Native, CoC: 3,
Unranked

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 L.
1753. Stachys palustris L.
1849. S. palustrisvar. elliptica Clos
1879. S. palustrisvar. petiolata T.Durand
1881. S. palustrisvar. segetum Nyman
1908. S. palustrisvar. homotricha Fernald
 Marsh hedge-nettle,
Marsh woundwort,
Marsh betony
Épaire des marais,
Crapaudine 		Introduced from
 Eurasia

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 K.Koch
 Woolly hedgenettle,
Lamb's ears,
Epiaire laineuse 		Introduced from
 temperate Asia

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 L.
1753. Stachys sylvatica L.
 Whitespot,
Woodland hedge-nettle,
Hedge woundwort
Épaire des bois,
Épaire des forêts 		Introduced from
 Eurasia

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 (L.) L.
1753. Betonica annua L.
1763. Stachys annua (L.) L.
 Annual hedgenettle
Épiaire annuelle 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Impersistent

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 Bunge
1833. Stachys affinis Bunge
1865. Stachys sieboldii Miq.
[1]
1887. Stachys tuberifera Naudin
 Artichoke betony,
Chinese artichoke,
Crosne du Japon 		Introduced from
 China,
Impersistent

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 (L.) L.
1753. Glechoma arvensis L.
1763. Stachys arvensis (L.) L.
1778. Cardiaca arvensis (L.) Lam.
 Field hedgenettle,
Staggerweed,
Field woundwort
Épiaire des champs 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 N. Africa,
Impersistent

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 (K. Koch) Stearn
1800. Betonica grandiflora Stephan
ex Willd.
1834. S. grandiflora (Willd.) Benth. hom.
1849. Betonica macrantha K.Koch
1951. Stachys macrantha (K.Koch) Stearn
 Big-sage Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Impersistent,
No specimens

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 (L.) Trevis.
1753. Betonica officinalis L.
1834. Stachys betonica Benth.
 Common hedgenettle Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 N.Africa,
Impersistent

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 Riddell
1848. Stachys nuttallii Shuttlw. ex Benth.
1903. Stachys salvioides Small
1920. Stachys riddellii House
1927. Stachys subcordata Rydb.
1936. Stachys cordata Riddell
 Heartleaf hedgenettle,
Heart-leaved
  hedge-nettle 		Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
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  1. ↑ ITIS lists Stachys affinis as Stachys sieboldii var. sieboldii. Other sources list as Stachys affinis.

Tribe (uncertain)

Galeopsis
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Lamioideae — uncertain — Galeopsis
Genus Galeopsis Hempnettle N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Boenn.
1824. Galeopsis bifida Boenn.
1831. G. tetrahitvar. bifida
1848. G. tetrahitvar. parviflora
1881. G. tetrahitssp. bifida
1921. G. bifidavar. emarginata
1929. G. tetrahitvar. bifida
 Notched hemp-nettle,
Bifid-lip hempnettle,
Splitlip hempnettle,
Common hempnettle
Galéopside bifide,
Galéopsis bifide 		Introduced,
Naturalized,
Widespread

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 L.
1753. Galeopsis tetrahit L.
1763. Lamium tetrahit (L.) Crantz
1771. G. tetrahitvar. tetrahit
1794. Tetrahit nodosum (L.) Moench
1821. G. nodosum (Moench) Gray (i)
1862. G. tetrahitssp. tetrahit
1891. Ladanum tetrahit (L.) Kuntze
 Common hempnettle,
Common hemp-nettle,
Brittle-stemmed hemp-nettle,
Brittlestem hempnettle,
Dog nettle,
Ironwort
Galéopside à tige carrée,
Galéopside tétrahit,
Ortie royale 		Introduced from
 Europe,
Naturalized

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 L.
1753. Galeopsis ladanum L.
    
    
 Broad-leaved hemp-nettle,
Broadleaf hempnettle,
Hemp nettle 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Not naturalized

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Ehrh. ex Hoffm.
    G. angustifolia Ehrh. ex Hoffm.
    G. ladanumvar. angustifolia
    
 Narrow-leaved hemp-nettle,
Narrowleaf hempnettle 		Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm
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Subfamily Nepetoideae

Tribe Elsholtzieae

Collinsonia
Collinsonia canadensis
stoneroot, horsebalm, richweed
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Elsholtzieae — Collinsonia
Genus Collinsonia Horsebalm N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Collinsonia canadensis L.
 Stoneroot,
Horsebalm,
Canada horse-balm,
Northern horsebalm,
Richweed,
Citronella,
Citronella horse balm 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
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Elsholtzia
Elsholtzia ciliata
crested late-summer mint
Elsholtzia ciliata (crested late-summer mint) is listed as invasive in Connecticut.[1]
  1. ↑ Connecticut Invasive Plants Council (2014)
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Elsholtzieae — Elsholtzia
Genus Elsholtzia Elsholtzia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Thunb.) Hyl.
Elsholtzia cristata
 Crested elsholtzia,
Crested latesummer mint,
Crested late-summer mint,
Vietnamese balm 		Introduced from
 Asia,
Potentially invasive

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Perilla
Perilla frutescens
beefsteak plant
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Elsholtzieae — Perilla
Genus Perilla Perilla-mint N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Britton
var. frutescens
1753. Ocimum frutescens L.
1764. Perilla ocymoides L. superfl.
1856. Perilla ocymoides  var. japonica  Hassk.
1939. Salvia infuscata Epling
1948. Perilla frutescens  var. japonica  (Hassk.) H.Hara
Beefsteak plant ⓘ
Beefsteakplant ⓘ
Perilla-mint ⓘ
Wild sesame ⓘ
Introduced,
Naturalized
FAC
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
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 (L.) Britton
var. crispa (Benth.) W. Deane
1784. Ocimum crispum Thunb.
1848. Perilla ocymoides  var. crispa  Benth.
1848. Perilla arguta Benth.
1923. Perilla frutescens  var. crispa  (Benth.) W. Deane
Crisped beefsteak plant ⓘ
Shiso ⓘ
Beefsteakplant ⓘ
Introduced,
Unk. naturalization
FAC
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-X0
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Tribe Mentheae

Mentheae is the largest Lamiaceae tribe and contains the herbs sage, thyme, and of course mint. The subtribes used here are from Drew & Sytsma (2012).[F 1]

Subtribe Salviinae
Salvia
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Salviinae — Salvia
Genus Salvia Sage N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Salvia lyrata L.
1768. Horminum lyratum (L.) Mill.
1837. Larnastyra lyrata (L.) Raf.
1828. Cunila lyrata (L.) Schrank
 Lyre-leaved sage,
Lyreleaf sage,
Cancerweed 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered
FACW-FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun - part shade

NYFA: Z
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 Michx. ex Lam.
var. grandiflora Benth.
1833. Salvia pitcheri Torr. ex Benth.
1848. Salvia azureavar. grandiflora
1894. Salvia azureavar. pitcheri
1939. Salvia azureassp. pitcheri
1939. Salvia azureassp. intermedia
 Blue sage,
Pitcher sage,
Pitcher's sage 		Introduced from
 southern U.S.,
N. America native

NYFA: X
USDA-N0
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 Hornem.
    Salvia lancifolia Poir.
    
    
 Lance-leaved sage,
Rocky Mountain sage,
Blue sage,
Lambsleaf sage,
Sage mint 		Introduced,
N. America native

NYFA: X
USDA-NW
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Salvia glutinosa L.
    
    
 Sticky sage,
Jupiter's sage,
Jupiter's distaff 		Introduced,
Eurasia native,
Naturalized[1]

NYFA: Xn
USDA-X0
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 Benth.
    
    
    
 Wood sage Introduced,
Unk. naturalization

NYFA: X
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    
    
    
 Kitchen sage Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XW
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    
    
    
Meadow sage ⓘ
Meadow clary ⓘ
Introduced sage ⓘ
Sauge des près ⓘ
Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    
    
    
 Lilac sage Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Salvia (excluded species) Sage N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
    
    
    
Clary ⓘ
Clary sage ⓘ
Europe sage ⓘ
Sauge sclarée ⓘ
Sclarée ⓘ
Toute-bonne ⓘ
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-XW
Images
Wikispecies
    
    
    
 Silver sage Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    
    
    
 Nodding sage Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
 L. (pro. sp)
  Salvia nemorosa ×
  Salvia pratensis
    
    
    
 Hybrid of
 wood sage &
 meadow sage
 Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ Nava M. Tabak (2011). Salvia glutinosa (Lamiaceae) naturalized in southeastern New York. Rhodora 113: 220-224.
Melissa
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Salviinae — Melissa
Genus Melissa Balm N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
    
    
    
 Common balm,
Garden balm,
Lemon balm 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Subtribe Prunellinae
Prunella
Prunella vulgaris ssp. lanceolata has mid-stem leaf blades that are lanceolate to narrow-oblong, usually cuneate at the base and 
2 to 5 times as long as wide.

Prunella vulgaris ssp. vulgaris: has mid-stem leaf blades that are ovate to ovate-oblong, usually rounded at the base and 1.5 to 2.5 times as long as wide.

Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Prunellinae — Prunella
Genus Prunella Selfheal N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. lanceolata
(W.P.C.Barton) Piper & Beattie
1818. P. pennsylvanica  var. lanceolata  W.P.C.Barton
1834. P. vulgaris  var. elongata  Benth.
1913. P. vulgaris  var. lanceolata  (W.P.C.Barton) Fernald
1915. P. vulgaris  ssp. lanceolata  (W.P.C.Barton) Piper & Beattie
 American self-heal,
American heal-all,
Lance selfheal,
Mountain selfheal,
Narrowleaf selfheal 		Native,
Likely secure,
Fact sheet[1]

NYFA: N
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 L.
ssp. vulgaris
1753. Prunella vulgaris L.
 Common self-heal,
Eurasian self-heal 		Introduced,
Widespread weed

NYFA: X
USDA-NX
ARS-GRIN
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 (L.) L.
    Prunella laciniata (L.) L.
    
    
 Cutleaf selfheal,
Cut-leaved selfheal,
Cut-leaved heal-all 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-X0
ITIS
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  1. ↑ USDA-NRCS Plant Fact Sheet for Lance Selfheal, Prunella vulgaris L. ssp. lanceolata (W. Bartram) Hultén
Subtribe Lycopinae
Lycopus
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Lycopinae — Lycopus
Genus Lycopus Bugleweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex W.P.C.Barton
1813. Lycopus americanus Muhl. (i)
1815. Lycopus americanus
Muhl. ex W.P.C.Barton
1917. Phytosalpinx americana
(Muhl. ex W.P.C.Barton) Lunell
    
 American bugleweed,
American water horehound,
Common water horehound[1] 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
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 Michx.
    
    
    
 Northern bugleweed,
Slender bugleweed 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 L.
    
    
    
 Virginia bugleweed,
Virginia water horehound 		Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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 Raf.
    
    
    
 Sessile-leaved bugleweed Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2
USDA-N0
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 Moench
    
    
    
 Stalked bugleweed,
Taperleaf water horehound 		Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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 Greene
    
    
    
 Rough bugleweed,
Rough water horehound[2] 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
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 L.
    
    
    
 European bugleweed,
Gypsywort 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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  1. ↑ Lycopus americanus (Common water horehound), A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, & B. S. Walters. February 2011. University of Michigan. Web.
  2. ↑ Lycopus asper (Rough water horehound), A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, & B. S. Walters. February 2011. University of Michigan. Web.
Subtribe Nepetineae
Agastache
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Neptinae — Agastache
Genus Agastache J.Clayton ex Gronov. Giant-hyssop N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Willd.) Kuntze
1800. Hyssopus scrophulariaefolia
Willd.
1891. Agastache scrophulariifolia
(Willd.) Kuntze
 Purple giant-hyssop,
Figwort giant-hyssop,
Purple giant hyssop,
Figwort giant hyssop
Agastache à feuilles
  de scrofulaire 		Native, CoC: 2,
Likely secure
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4
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 (L.) Kuntze
1753. Hyssopus nepetoides L.
1808. Vleckia nepetoides (L.) Raf.
1891. A. nepetoides (L.) Kuntze
1829. Lophanthus nepetoides
(L.) Benth.
 Yellow giant hyssop,
Catnip giant-hyssop
Agastache faux-népéta,
Agastache faux-népète 		Native, CoC: 6,
Threatened
Perennial,
Forb-herb

NYFA: 2-3
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(Pursh) Kuntze
1813. Hyssopus anethiodorus Nutt.
1814. Stachys foeniculum Pursh
1818. H. foeniculum (Pursh) Spreng.
1829. Lophanthus anisatus Benth.
1891. A. foeniculum (Pursh) Kuntze
1892. Vleckia foeniculum
(Pursh) MacMill.
1894. V. anethiodora (Nutt.) Greene
1898. A. anethiodora (Nutt.) Britton
 Anise-hyssop,
Fragrant giant-hyssop,
Lavender giant-hyssop,
Anise mint,
Blue giant hyssop,
Fennel giant hyssop,
Licorice mint
Agastache fenouil 		Introduced from
 S-central Canada,
 N-central US,
N. America native,
Cultivated,
Naturalized: ?
Perennial,
Forb-herb,
Sun-shade

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
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ARS-GRIN
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NatureServe
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Dracocephalum
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Neptinae — Dracocephalum
Genus Dracocephalum Dragonhead N.Y. Status Images Distribution 2 NPT
Nutt.
1818. Dracocephalum parviflora Nutt.
1913. Moldavica parviflora Britton
 American dragonhead,
Dragonhead mint 		Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
L.
    Moldavica thymiflora (L.) Rydb.
 Thymeleaf dragonhead,
Thyme-leaved dragon-head 		Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Glechoma
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Neptinae — Glechoma
Genus Glechoma Glechoma N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
Nepeta hederacea
 Ground ivy,
Gill-over-the-ground 		Introduced,
Widespread weed,
IO
FACU

NYFA: Xn
USDA-XX
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Hyssopus
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Neptinae — Hyssopus
Genus Hyssopus Hyssop N.Y. Status Images Distribution 1 NPT
Hyssop Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Nepeta
Nepeta cataria L. catnip
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Neptinae — Nepeta
Genus Nepeta Catnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Catnip Introduced,
Widespread weed,
IO

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 M.Bieb.
 Caucasus catmint Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Spreng. ex Henckel
 Persian catmint Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
Meehania
Meehania cordata
Meehan's mint
Meehan's mint is native to the Appalachians from North Carolina to Pennsylvania. It doesn't appear to have naturalized in New York, though it is planted as a "native" groundcover.
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Nepetineae — Meehania
Genus Meehania Meehan's mint N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Nutt.) Britton
1818. Dracocephalum cordatum Nutt.
1834. Cedronella cordata Benth.
1894. Meehania cordata (Nutt.) Britton
 Meehan's mint,
Creeping mint,
Trailing mint 		Introduced from
 Appalachians,
US South native,
No NY reports
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 0
USDA-N0
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IPN
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Subtribe Menthinae
The large Menthinae subtribe can ce separated into Old-World and New-World clades along the lines presented in Drew and Sytsma (2012).[F 1] However, many of the genera have been found to be polyphyletic, including Mentha and Clinopodium, which have New York species in both clades.
Hedeoma
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Hedeoma
Genus Hedeoma False-pennyroyal N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Pers. (1806)
    Cunila pulegioides
    Melissa pulegioides
    Ziziphora pulegioides
 American false pennyroyal,
American pennyroyal 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 Pursh
 Rough false pennyroyal Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2-3
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
Blephilia
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Blephilia
Genus Blephilia Pagoda-plant N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Pursh) Benth.
 Hairy pagoda plant,
Hairy woodmint 		Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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 (L.) Raf.
 Downy pagoda plant,
Downy woodmint,
Ohio horsemint,
Sunny woodmint 		Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1]

NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
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  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.
Monarda
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Monarda
Genus Monarda Beebalm N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Oswego tea,
Scarlet beebalm,
Bee-balm,
Red bergamot,
Bergamot,
Mountain-mint
Monarde écarlate,
Monarde pourpre 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
DEC-D[1]
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun - part shade

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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 L.
var. fistulosa
 Common wild bergamot,
Wild bergamot,
Wild bergamot bee-balm 		Native, CoC: 2,
Secure
FACU-UPL
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun - part shade

NYFA: 5
USDA-N0
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 L.
var. mollis
    Monarda mollis L.
    Monarda fistulosa  var. mollis  {{{5}}}
    Monarda scabra Beck
 Pale wild bergamot Native, CoC: 2,
Likely secure
FACU-UPL
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4-5
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 Willd.
  Monarda didyma ×
  Monarda fistulosa var. fistulosa.
    Monarda media Willd.
    Mondarda fistulosa  var. media  (Willd.) Gray
 Purple bergamot,
Purple horsemint
Monarde moyenne,
Monarde pourpre 		N. America native,
NY nativity unk.
X
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: ?
USDA-NN
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BONAP
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 L.
var. villicaulis
 Horsemint Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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BONAP
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 L.
var. punctata
 Spotted beebalm,
Dotted horse mint 		Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1?
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 L.
    Monarda clinopodia L.
    M. allophylla Michx.
    M. fistulosa  var. clinopodia  
 Basil balm,
Basilbalm,
Basil bee-balm 		Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2]

NYFA: 1-2
USDA-N0
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (d) Exploitably vulnerable.
  2. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.
Pycnanthemum
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Pycnanthemum
Genus Pycnanthemum sect. Capitellatae Mountainmint N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
1809. P. tenuifolium Schrad.
 auct. P. flexuosum
non (Walter) Britton et al.
 Narrowleaf mountainmint,
Slender mountain-mint 		Native,
Secure
FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun - part shade

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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(L.) T.Durand & B.D.Jacks.
ex B.L.Rob. & Fernald
1753. Satureja virginiana L.
1908. P. virginianum (L.) T.Durand &
B.D.Jacks. ex B.L.Rob. & Fernald
 Virginia mountain-mint Native,
Likely secure
FACW
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Part shade

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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Images
Wikispecies
(Michx.) Pers.
var. verticillatum
 Whorled mountain-mint Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1-2
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
var. pilosum
yyyy. Koellia pilosa (Nutt.) Baill.
yyyy. Pycnanthemum pilosum Nutt.
 Whorled mountain-mint Introduced,
N. America native

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
Torrey's mountain mint Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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Genus Pycnanthemum sect. Pycnanthemum Mountainmint N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Michx.
1753. Clinopodium incanum L.
1803. P. incanum (L.) Michx.
 Hoary mountain-mint Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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Torr. & A. Gray
Koellia clinopodioides
 Basil mountain-mint Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1]

NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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Genus Pycnanthemum sect. Brachystemum Mountainmint N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Blunt mountain-mint Native,
Threatened,
DEC-B[2],
NYNHP: 2[3]

NYFA: 2-3
USDA-N0
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  1. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered.
  2. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (b) Threatened.
  3. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Pycnanthemum muticum. Threatened, S2/G5.
Cunila
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Cunila
Genus Cunila Cunila N.Y. Status Images Distribution 1 NPT
 (L.) Britt.
Cunila mariana L.Mappia origanoides (L.) House
 Common dittany Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
USDA-
Images
Wikispecies
Mentha
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Mentha
Genus Mentha Mint N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
  Mentha arvensis ×
  Mentha longifolia
1753. Mentha canadensis L.
1833. M. canadensisvar. glabrata
1882. M. arvensisssp. piperascens
1908. M. arvensisvar. glabrata
 auct. M. arvensis non L.
 American wild mint,
American corn mint,
Canadian mint,
Corn mint,
Chinese mint,
Japanese mint 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
N. America native,
Asia native

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Note: [1]
 L. (1753)
 Corn mint,
Field mint,
Wild mint,
Menthe des champs 		Introduced,
Eurasia native

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    Mentha citrata Ehrh.
    Mentha × piperivar. citrata
    Mentha piperitassp. citrata
 Water mint Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    M. sylvestris L.
    M. viridis L.
 auct. M. cordifolia non Opiz ex Fresen.
 auct. M. longifolia non (L.) Huds.
 Spearmint Introduced,
Widespread weed,
IO

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 Sole (pro sp.)
  Mentha arvensis ×
  Mentha spicata
    M. cardiaca J.Gerard ex Baker
 auct. M. gentilis non L.
    M. × gentilisvar. cardiaca
 auct. M. × muelleriana non F.W.Schultz
 Gingermint,
Creeping whorled mint 		Introduced,
Widespread weed,
IO

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 L. (pro sp.)
  Mentha aquatica ×
  Mentha spicata
    M. aquaticavar. crispa
    M. Mentha crispa L.
    M. dumetorum Schultes
 Peppermint Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
(L.) Huds. (pro sp.)
  Mentha longifolia ×
  Mentha suaveolens
 Peppermint Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
 Huds. (pro sp.)
  Mentha spicata ×
  Mentha suaveolens
    M. alopecuroides Hull
    M. nemorosa Willd.
 Foxtail mint Introduced

USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ The USDA-NRCS PLANTS database and ITIS treat Mentha canadensis as a synonym of Mentha arvensis, while the New York Flora Atlas and ARS-GRIN treat them as separate species.
Clinopodium
Clinopodium vulgare
wild basil
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Clinopodium
Genus Clinopodium Clinopodium N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Clinopodium vulgare L.
1835. Calamintha clinopodium Spenn.
1882. Calamintha vulgaris (L.) H. Karst.
1897. Satureja vulgaris
 Wild basil,
Field basil 		Native, CoC: 0,
Secure,
Questionable[1]
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
(Nutt.) House
1836. Hedeoma arkansana Nutt.
1891. Clinopodium glabrum (Nutt.) Kuntze
1896. Satureja arkansana (Nutt.) Briq.
1921. Clinopodium arkansanum (Nutt.) House
1940. Satureja glabella  var. angustifolia  (Torr.) Svenson
1955. Calamintha glabella  var. angustifolia  (Torr.) DeWolf
1962. Calamintha arkansana (Nutt.) Shinners
 Limestone calamint,
Low calamint 		Native,
Likely extirpated,
N. America native

NYFA: Z
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Note: [2]
 (L.) House
1753. Thymus acinos L.
1794. Acinos thymoides Moench
1811. Calamintha acinos (L.) Clairv.
1843. Satureja acinos (L.) Scheele
1891. Clinopodium acinos (L.) Kuntze
1946. Acinos arvensis (Lam.) Dandy
 Basil thyme,
Mother of thyme 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Kuntze
1753. Melissa nepeta L.
1798. Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi
1843. Satureja calamintha (L.) Scheele
1891. Clinopodium nepeta (L.) Kuntze
1896. Satureja calamintha  var. nepeta  (L.) Briq.
 Field balm,
Lesser calamint 		Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
iNat
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ NYFA lists Clinopodium vulgare with an "Unknown Native Status." Other sources list it as circumboreal, native as far south as North Carolina.
  2. ↑ NYFA lists Clinopodium glabrum as Calamintha arkansana (Nutt.) Shinners. USDA-NRCS PLANTS uses Clinopodium arkansanum (Nutt.) House. ITIS and ARS-GRIN both use Clinopodium glabrum (Nutt.) Kuntze.
Satureja
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Satureja
Genus Satureja Savory N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L. (1753)
 Summer savory,
Savourée,
Sarriette des jardins 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XW
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Winter savory Introduced from
 Mediterranean,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
Images
Wikispecies
Origanum
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Origanum
Genus Origanum Origanum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Origanum vulgare L.
1867. Thymus origanum (L.) Kuntze
1934. Micromeria formosana C.Marquand
 Wild marjoram,
Marjoram,
Oregano,
Organy 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Thymus
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Mentheae — Menthinae — Thymus
Genus Thymus Thyme N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Lemon thyme Introduced

NYFA: X
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Garden thyme Introduced

NYFA: X
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Ocimeae

Lavandula
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Ocimeae — Lavandula
Genus Lavandula Lavender N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
English lavender Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
Ocimum
Lamiales — Lamiaceae — Nepetoideae — Ocimeae — Ocimum
Genus Ocimum Basil N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Sweet basil Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

References

  1. ↑ a b c Bryan T. Drew & Kenneth J. Sytsma (2012), Phylogenics, Biogeography, and Staminal Evolution in the tribe Mentheae (Lamiaceae), American Journal of Botany 99(5): 933-953
←
Lamiales 1:
Oleaceae
↓
Scrophulariaceae 		Flora of New York — Lamiales 2: : Lamiaceae →
Lamiales 3:
Mazaceae
↓
Lentibulariaceae
Table of
contents 		Genus
index 		Protected species index Invasive species index
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