Flora of New York/Proteales…Saxifragales
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Flora of New York — Proteales, Buxales, Saxifragales | → Vitales, Zygophyllales, Celastrales, Oxalidales | |||
Table of contents |
Genus index |
Protected species index | Invasive species index | ||
The order Saxifragales is the basal clade of the superrosids, indicating that Saxifragales is the sister to the rosids.
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Clade | Order | Family | Subfamily | Tribe | Genus | Common names | # |
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sister to rosids |
Saxifragales | Paeoniaceae | − | − | Paeonia | peony | 1 |
Altingiaceae | − | − | Liquidambar | sweetgum | 1 | ||
Hamamelidaceae | Hamamelidoideae | Hamamelideae | Hamamelis | witchhazel | 1 | ||
Corylopsideae | Corylopsis | winterhazel | 4 | ||||
Cercidiphyllaceae | − | − | Cercidiphyllum | katsura tree | 1 | ||
Crassulaceae | Crassuloideae | − | Crassula | pygmyweed | 1 | ||
Sempervivoideae | Umbiliceae | Rhodiola | roseroot stonecrop | 2 | |||
Hylotelephium | stonecrop | 3 | |||||
Phedimus | false stonecrop | 1 | |||||
Semperviveae | Sempervivum | houseleek, hen-and-chickens | 1 | ||||
Sedeae | Sedum | stonecrop | 7 | ||||
Haloragaceae | − | Myriophylleae | Myriophyllum | watermilfoil | 10 | ||
Proserpinaca | mermaidweed | 2 | |||||
Penthoraceae | − | − | Penthorum | ditch-stonecrop | 1 | ||
Grossulariaceae | − | − | Ribes | currant, gooseberry | 12 | ||
Saxifragaceae | Saxifragoideae | Saxifrageae | Saxifraga | saxifrage | 5 | ||
Heucheroideae | Chrysosplenieae | Chrysosplenium | golden saxifrage | 1 | |||
Heuchereae | Tiarella | foamflower | 1 | ||||
Mitella | miterwort | 3 | |||||
Heuchera | alumroot | 2 | |||||
Astilbe | florist's spiraea | 1 |
Order Proteales
[edit | edit source]The order Proteales contains the lotus (Nelumbonaceae) and sycamore (Platanaceae) families, each of which has a single species known to be native or naturalized in New York.
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Family Nelumbonaceae
[edit | edit source]The Nelumbonaceae (lotus family) has two species of aquatic plants found in New York.
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Nelumbo
[edit | edit source] Nelumbo lutea (American lotus) is a North American native that was probably introduced to New York from further south prior to widespread European settlement. Early botanists considered Nelumbo lutea to be native to the area around Sodus Bay, but it may have been cultivated there by Native Americans using plants brought from the South. It is now extirpated from that area, but naturalized pants persist elsewhere in the state.
Nelumbo nucifera (sacred lotus) is from tropical Asia and has been excluded from the New York Flora Atlas. It is likely to be cultivated and would be considered invasive if allowed to naturalize. |
Genus Nelumbo | Lotus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Willd. 1788. Nymphaea pentapetala Walter (nom. rej.)
1799. Nelumbo pentapetala Willd (nom. rej.)
1799. Nelumbium luteum Willd.
1799. Nelumbo lutea Willd.
1996. Nelumbo nucifera ssp. lutea Borsch & Barthlott |
American lotus, Great yellow water-lily, Water-chinquapin, Yellow lotus |
Introduced, N. America native, Rare |
NYFA: X |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Nelumbo (excluded taxa) | Lotus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Gaertn. 1753. Nymphaea nelumbo L.
1788. Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
1799. Nelumbo speciosa Willd.
1799. Nelumbium speciosum Willd. |
East Indian lotus, Oriental lotus, Pink lotus, Sacred bean, Sacred lotus |
Introduced from tropical Asia, Moderately invasive, NYIS: 64%[1], Excluded[2] |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Platanaceae
[edit | edit source]The Platanaceae (sycamore family) is represented in New York by the native American Sycamore and the London plane tree, which is probably a hybrid of the American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) and the Oriental plane (Platanus orientalis) from Eurasia.[1] Although widely planted as a street tree, the London plane tree is not known to naturalize extensively in New York.
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Platanus
[edit | edit source]Sycamore is a common wetland and riparian tree and is among the largest of the eastern deciduous trees. Sycamores are among the fastest-growing trees in the region and reach the largest diameter of any North American hardwood.[1] The New York State Champion sycamore tree was reported in Dutchess County in 2011 at 117 feet tall, with a circumfrence of 27 feet.[2]
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Genus Platanus | Sycamore | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Platanus occidentalis L.
1901. Platanus glabrata Fernald
1919. Platanus occidentalis var. glabrata Sarg.
1919. Platanus occidentalis var. attenuata (Fern.) Sarg. |
Eastern sycamore ⓘ
American sycamore ⓘ
American plane-tree
Buttonwood tree
Buttonball tree Platane occidental, Platane d'Amérique, Platane d'Occident |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACW-FAC Perennial, Tree |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos LBJ FEIS Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Platanus (excluded taxa) | Sycamore | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Mill. ex Münchh Platanus occidentalis × Platanus orientalis 1770. Platanus hispanica Mill. ex Münchh.
1789. Platanus orientalis var. acerifolia Aiton
1804. Platanus hybridus Brot.
1805. Platanus acerifolia (Aiton) Willd.
1919. Platanus acerifolia var. hispanica Bean |
London planetree, Maple-leaved plane-tree, London sycamore, Hybrid of American sycamore & Oriental planetree Platane à feuilles d'érable, Hybride de platane occidental et de platane oriental |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded, Cultivated only |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Order Buxales
[edit | edit source]The order Buxales...
Family Buxaceae
[edit | edit source]The Buxaceae (box family)
Subfamily Buxoideae
[edit | edit source]Buxus
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Buxus | Boxwood | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Buxus sempervirens L.
1785. Buxus myrtifolia Lam.
1947. Buxus colchica Pojark.
1947. Buxus hyrcana Pojark. |
Common boxwood, Common box |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Unknown naturalization, SNA, GNR Perennial, Tree, shrub |
Orange (1993), Queens (1986), Suffolk NYFA: X |
USDA-X ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe IPN Images Wikispecies | |
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Subfamily Pachysandroideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Pachysandreae
[edit | edit source]Pachysandra
[edit | edit source]Japanese pachysandra is widely planted as a ground-cover and tends to persist, spreading vegetatively to adjacent wooded areas, where it can be difficult to remove. Allegheny pachysandra is planted as a "native" substitute, and is probably unlikely to naturalize as far north as New York State.[1]
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Genus Pachysandra | Pachysandra | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. 1803. Pachysandra procumbens Michx. |
Allegheny pachysandra
Allegheny spurge
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Introduced from southern US, US South native, NYIS Tier: buffer, No specimens[1], SNA Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 0 |
USDA-N NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Siebold & Zucc. 1845. Pachysandra terminalis Siebold & Zucc. |
Japanese pachysandra
Japanese spurge
Carpet box ⓘ
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Introduced from China & Japan, Highly invasive, NYIS Tier: 3, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: [2], WW |
8 counties NYFA: X |
USDA-X ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
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Order Saxifragales
[edit | edit source]The order Saxifragales has about 15 families worldwide. Of these, ten are represented in New York.
Family Paeoniaceae
[edit | edit source]The Paeoniaceae (peony family)...
Paeonia
[edit | edit source]Peonies (Paeonia lactiflora) have been widely planted and will persist where planted but are not known to naturalize.
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Genus Paeonia | Peony | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Pall. 1776. Paeonia lactiflora Pall.
1789. Paeonia albiflora Pall.
1807. Paeonia edulis Salisb.
1837. Paeonia sinensis Jacques
1870. Paeonia chinensis hort. ex E.Vilm. |
Chinese peony ⓘ
Garden peony ⓘ
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Introduced from temperate Asia, Rarely spreads |
NYFA: X iNat GBIF |
USDA-XX WFO POWO Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe IPN Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Altingiaceae
[edit | edit source]The Altingiaceae (sweetgum family) contains only about fifteen species and its segregation from Hamamelidaceae has only recently been widely accepted. One of its three genera (Semiliquidambar) may comprise intergeneric hybrids of the other two (Altingia and Liquidambar), so revisions within this family may be forthcoming.
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Liquidambar
[edit | edit source]Liquidambar styraciflua is the only North American species of Liquidambar, or sweetgum. It is most common in the forests of the southeastern United States, but its native range appears to extend as far north as southeastern New York State. It is cultivated elsewhere in the state and seems to be able to naturalize in some upstate locations.
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Genus Liquidambar | Sweet gum | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Liquidambar styraciflua L.
1796. Liquidambar gummifera Salisb.
1812. Liquidambar barbata Stokes
1863. Liquidambar macrophylla Oerst.
1863. Liquidambar styraciflua var. mexicana Oerst. |
Sweetgum
American sweetgum
American sweet-gum
Redgum
American storax ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5 FAC Perennial, Tree |
NYFA: 5 iNat GBIF |
USDA-N0 WFO POWO Go Botany VASCAN-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP FEIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Hamamelidaceae
[edit | edit source]The Hamamelidaceae...
Subfamily Hamamelidoideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Hamamelideae
[edit | edit source]Hamamelis
[edit | edit source]The genus Hamamelis (witch-hazel) contains about five species (three North American and two Asian). Of these, only Hamamelis virginiana (American witch-hazel) is native to New York State.
Hamamelis vernalis (Ozark witch-hazel) is occasionally cultivated, especially in and around New York City, but is not known to naturalize in New York. |
Genus Hamamelis | Witchhazel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Hamamelis virginiana L.
1788. Hamamelis androgyna Walter
1788. Hamamelis dioica Walter
1814. Hamamelis macrophylla Pursh
1836. Trilopus virginica (L.) Raf.
1838. Trilopus virginiana (L.) Raf. |
American witch-hazel, Common witch-hazel, Witch-hazel Café du diable, Hamémelis de Virginie |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN WFO POWO Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Sarg. 1911. Hamamelis vernalis Sarg.
1920. Hamamelis vernalis f. tomentella Rehder
1928. Hamamelis vernalis f. carnea Rehder
1932. Hamamelis vernalis var. tomentella (Rehder) E.J. Palmer
2007. Hamamelis virginiana ssp. vernalis F.G. Meyer |
Ozark witchhazel, Ozark witch-hazel, Vernal witch-hazel |
Introduced from Ozark Plateau of Arkansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma, N. America native, Cultivated, Not naturalized Perennial, Shrub, tree |
NYFA: 0 GBIF |
USDA-N0 WFO POWO Go Botany-0 VASCAN-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Corylopsideae
[edit | edit source]Corylopsis
[edit | edit source]There are a number of species of Asian winterhazel (Corylopsis) that are hardy in parts of New York and planted as early-blooming shrubs. None of them have been reported to naturalize in the state, according to the New York Flora Atlas.
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Genus Corylopsis | Winter hazel | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Hemsl. 1916. Corylopsis sinensis Hemsl.
1960. Corylopsis sinensis var. parvifolia H.T.Chang |
Chinese winterhazel | Introduced from China, Cultivated, Not naturalized |
NYFA: 0 NYFA: Not listed iNat GBIF Bronx, Kings |
USDA-00 POWO ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Siebold & Zucc. 1835. Corylopsis kesakii Siebold & Zucc.
1836. Corylopsis spicata Siebold & Zucc. |
Spike winterhazel | Introduced from Asia, Cultivated, Not naturalized |
NYFA: 0 NYFA: Not listed iNat GBIF Bronx, Kings, Suffolk |
POWO Images Wikispecies | |
Franch. & Sav. 1878. Corylopsis glabrescens Franch. & Sav. |
Fragrant winterhazel | Introduced from Japan, Cultivated, Not naturalized |
NYFA: 0 NYFA: Not listed iNat GBIF Bronx, Kings |
POWO Images Wikispecies | |
Siebold & Zucc. 1838. Corylopsis pauciflora Siebold & Zucc.
1930. Corylopsis matsudae Kaneh. & Sasaki |
Buttercup winterhazel | Introduced from Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Cultivated, Not naturalized |
NYFA: 0 NYFA: Not listed iNat GBIF Bronx, Kings, Nassau, Westchester |
POWO Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Fothergilleae
[edit | edit source]Fothergilla
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Fothergilla | Witch-alder | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1774. Fothergilla gardenii L.
1782. Fothergilla alnifolia L.f.
1894. Fothergilla carolina Britton
1903. Fothergilla parvifolia Kearney |
Coastal witch-alder, Dwarf witchalder |
Introduced from Georgia, N. & S. South Carolina, US South native, No NY reports Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: 0 NYFA: Not listed iNat 0 counties |
USDA-N0 POWO ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
J.F.Mill 1776. Fothergilla latifolia J.F.Mill.
1776. Fothergilla latifolia J.S.Muell.
1810. Fothergilla alnifolia var. major Sims
1818. Fothergilla major G.Lodd
1818. Fothergilla major (Sims) Sweet
1829. Fothergilla major (Sims) Lodd.
1866. Fothergilla latifolia Pritz.
1897. Fothergilla monticola Ashe |
Mountain witchalder, Witch-alder |
Introduced from Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia,, N. & S. Carolina, Tennessee, US South native, No NY reports Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: 0 GBIF |
USDA-N0 WFO POWO ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Cercidiphyllaceae
[edit | edit source]The Cercidiphyllaceae contains only the Asian genus Cercidiphyllum.
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Cercidiphyllum
[edit | edit source]Cercidiphyllum contains the two Asian species, Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Cercidiphyllum magnificum, the first of which, the katsura-tree has been reported outside of cultivation in Kings, Nassau and Queens Counties.
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Genus Cercidiphyllum | Katsura | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Siebold & Zucc. ex J.J.Hoffm. & J.H.Schult.bis 1846. Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold & Zucc.
1864. Cercidiphyllum japonicum J.J.Hoffm. & J.H.Schult. bis
1913. Cercidiphyllum japonicum var. sinense Rehder & E.H.Wilson |
Katsura-tree, Toffee-apple tree |
Introduced from Japan, China, Potentially invasive |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Crassulaceae
[edit | edit source]The Crassulaceae (orpine family)...
Subfamily Crassuloideae
[edit | edit source]Crassula
[edit | edit source]Water pigmyweed (Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl.) appears in freshwater or brackish tidal marshes of the Lower Hudson Valley and Long Island.[1]
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Genus Crassula | Pygmyweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | 1 NPT |
(L.) Schoenl. 1753. Tillaea aquatica L.
1801. Bulliarda aquatica (L.) DC.
1840. Tillaea angustifolia Nutt.
1890. Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl.
1903. Tillaeastrum aquaticum (L.) Britton
1920. Hydrophila aquatica (L.) House |
Water pigmy-weed, River-leek, Pigmy-weed |
Native, Endangered, DEC-A[1], NYNHP: 1[2] |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN Go Botany FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Subfamily Sempervivoideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Umbiliceae
[edit | edit source]Rhodiola
[edit | edit source]In New York, Rhodiola consists of two species of endangered plants.
Rhodiola integrifolia ssp. leedyi is an isolated subspecies of a common western cliff-stonecrop species (transferred from Sedum integrifolium in 1999). It has been found mainly on northwest-to-northeast-facing cliffs in southeastern Minnesota and near the southern part of Seneca Lake. It was discovered at Watkins Glen State Park in Schuyler County in 1918. The largest known population (at least 6000 plants) was discovered that same year, along about 2 miles of Glenora Cliff, on the western shore of Seneca Lake, in Yates County. It wasn't until 1994 that a third New York population was found near Glenora Falls, also in Yates County.[1][2] |
Genus Rhodiola | Stonecrop | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Rhodiola rosea L.
1771. Sedum rosea (L.) Scop.
1903. Sedum roanense Britton
1903. Rhodiola roanensis Britton
1930. Sedum rosea var. roanense
1973. Rhodiola rosea ssp. roanensis |
Common roseroot, Roseroot, Roseroot stonecrop |
Native, Endangered, DEC-A[1], NYNHP: 1[2] |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
Raf. ssp. leedyi (Rosend. & J.W.Moore) H.Ohba1947. Sedum rosea var. leedyi Rosend. & J.W.Moore
1975. Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi R.T.Clausen
1985. Tolmachevia integrifolia ssp. leedyi (Rosend. & J.W.Moore) Á.Löve & D.Löve
1999. Rhodiola integrifolia ssp. leedyi (Rosend. & J.W.Moore) H.Ohba |
Leedy's roseroot, Leedy's stonecrop, Rose sedum |
Native, Endangered, Federally listed[3], DEC-A[1], NYNHP: 1[4] |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Rhodiola (excluded taxa) | Stonecrop | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Raf. ssp. integrifolia1832. Rhodiola integrifolia Raf. p.p.
1840. Sedum atropurpureum Turcz.
1856. Rhodiola atropurpurea (Turcz.) Trautv. & C. A. Mey.
1930. Sedum rosea var. integrifolium (Raf.) A. Berger
1945. Rhodiola rosea var. frigidum (Rydb.) Hultén
1975. Sedum integrifolium ssp. procerum R.T.Clausen |
Ledge stonecrop | N. America native western N. A., N.Y. excluded Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS IPN Images Wikispecies | |
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Hylotelephium
[edit | edit source]The New York Flora Atlas now lists Hylotelephium telephioides as not-native to New York, but the DEC (and NYFA) still list it as endangered in New York.
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Genus Hylotelephium | Stonecrop | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Michx.) H.Ohba 1803. Sedum telephioides Michx
1812. Anacampseros telephioides (Michx.) Haw.
1977. Hylotelephium telephioides (Michx.) H.Ohba |
American live-forever, Allegheny stonecrop, Live forever |
Introduced from southern U.S., N. America native, Endangered, DEC-A[1] |
NYFA: Z |
USDA-NX Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) H.Ohba. ssp. telephium1753. Sedum telephium L.
1821. Sedum triphyllum (Haw.) Gray
1843. Sedum purpurascens W.D.J.Koch
1878. Sedum telephium var. borderi Mast.
1909. Sedum telephium ssp. purpurascens (Schult.) Schinz & Keller
1961. Sedum telephium var. purpurascens (W.D.J. Koch) Webb (i)
1977. Hylotelephium telephium (L.) H.Ohba. |
Eurasian live-forever, Garden stonecrop, Witch's moneybags, Purple orpine, Sedum, Live forever Vit-toujours |
Introduced from Eurasia, Naturalized |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
(Miq.) H.Ohba |
Garden stonecrop, Garden orpine |
Introduced, Naturalization unknown |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Hylotelephium (excluded taxa) | Stonecrop | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Poit.) H.Ohba 1838. Sedum sieboldii Poit.
1977. Hylotelephium sieboldii (Poit.) H.Ohba |
Stonecrop, October Daphne |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-EXCLD POWO Images Wikispecies | |
(Boreau) H.Ohba |
Showy stonecrop, Iceplant |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
Phedimus
[edit | edit source]Genus Phedimus | Phedimus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(M.Bieb.) 't Hart 1808. Sedum spurium M.Bieb.
1815. Sedum oppositifolium Sims
1984. Asterosedum spurium Grulich
1985. Spathulata spuria Á.Löve & D.Löve
1995. Phedimus spurius 't Hart |
Caucasian stonecrop, Two-rowed stonecrop |
Introduced from temperate Asia, Naturalized |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Phedimus (excluded taxa) | Phedimus | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(J.F.Gmel.) 't Hart 1774. Sedum stoloniferum J.F.Gmel.
1995. Phedimus stolonifer (J.F.Gmel.) 't Hart |
Running false stonecrop, Stolon stonecrop |
Introduced from northern Iran, eastern Turkey, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-X0 Go Botany ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Semperviveae
[edit | edit source]Sempervivum
[edit | edit source]Genus Sempervivum | Houseleek | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Sempervivum tectorum L. |
Common houseleek, Hen-and-chickens, Hen-and-chicks Joubarbe des toits |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: Xx |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Sedeae
[edit | edit source]Sedum
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Sedum | Stonecrop | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. 1803. Sedum ternatum Michx. in…
1809. Sedum portulacoides Willd. in…
1811. Sedum deficiens Donn in…
1812. Anacampseros ternata (Michx.) Haw. in…
1813. Sedum americanum Banks ex Pursh in…
1828. Sedum octogonum DC. in…
1921. Sedum ternatum var. minus Praeger in…
1985. Clausenellia ternata (Michx.) Á.Löve & D.Löve in… |
Wood stonecrop, Woodland stonecrop |
Introduced, US South native, NY nativity unknown, SNR, G5 Perennial, Herb |
NYFA: X |
USDA-NX Go Botany FNA NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Gold-moss, Goldmoss stonecrop |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
White stonecrop | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Spanish stonecrop | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
Fisch. & C.A.Mey. |
Orange stonecrop | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
L. Petrosedum reflexum (L.) Grulich
Sedum reflexum L. |
Jenny's stonecrop, Reflexed stonecrop |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
Bunge |
Stringy stonecrop | Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
Chaix Sedum anopetalum DC. |
European stonecrop | Introduced, No specimens |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Haloragaceae
[edit | edit source]The Haloragaceae (watermilfoil family)...
Tribe Myriophylleae
[edit | edit source]Proserpinaca
[edit | edit source]The three or four Proserpinaca (mermaid-weed) species are native to eastern North America.
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Genus Proserpinaca | Mermaidweed | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. var. palustris1753. Proserpinaca palustris L.
1788. Trixis palustris Gaertn.
1905. Proserpinaca palustris var. palustis
1935. Proserpinaca palustris var. crebra Fernald & Griscom |
Coastal marsh mermaid weed ⓘ
Marsh mermaidweed
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Native, Unranked |
NYFA: 1? |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
Lam. |
Comb-leaved mermaid-weed | Native, Threatened |
NYFA: 2 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
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Myriophyllum
[edit | edit source]The subgeneric system used here for Myriophyllum is based on Michael L. Moody and Donald H. Les (2010). "Systematics of the Aquatic Angiosperm Genus Myriophyllum (Haloragaceae)." Systematic Botany, Vol. 35, No. 1 (Jan.-Mar. 2010), pp. 121-139.
The three Myriophyllum species M. spicatum, M. heterophyllum, and M. aquaticum are listed as invasive in New York State. |
Myriophyllum subg. Brachytheca
[edit | edit source]Although Myriophyllum heterophyllum (variable-leaved water milfoil) is listed as native to New York, in is also listed as very highly invasive and prohibited by state regulations.
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Genus Myriophyllum subg. Brachytheca sect. Tessaronia | Water-milfoil | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. 1803. Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. |
Various-leaved water milfoil, Variable-leaved water-milfoil, Two-leaf water-milfoil, Broad-leaved water-milfoil, Changeleaf parrotfeather |
Introduced, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 93.62[1], also Native, Prohibited, NYIS Tier 4, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Raf.) Morong |
Low water-milfoil | Native, CoC: 8, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
Bigel. |
Slender water-milfoil | Native, CoC: 10, Likely secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
Morong |
Farwell's water-milfoil | Native, CoC: 4, Threatened OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 2 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
(Walter) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. |
Cutleaf watermilfoil, Cut-leaved water-milfoil, Green parrotfeather |
Native, CoC: 10, Endangered OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Myriophyllum subg. Brachytheca sect. Tessaronia (excluded taxa) | Water-milfoil | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray 1840. Myriophyllum hippuroides Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray |
Western watermilfoil | N. America native western N. Am., N.Y. excluded OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
Myriophyllum subg. Myriophyllum
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Myriophyllum subg. Myriophyllum sect. Myriophyllum | Water-milfoil | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Kom. 1914. Myriophyllum sibiricum Kom. |
Northern water-milfoil, Shortspike watermilfoil |
Native, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
L. |
Whorled water-milfoil | Native, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
DC. |
Alternate-flowered water-milfoil ⓘ
Alternateflower watermilfoil
Alternate water-milfoil ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, S2, G5, NYNHP: 2[1] OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 6 counties iNat: St. Lawrence NYFA: 2 iNat |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Myriophyllum spicatum L. |
Eurasian water milfoil ⓘ
Eurasian water-milfoil ⓘ
Eurasian watermilfoil ⓘ
Spike water-milfoil ⓘ
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Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 94%[2], NYS Tier 4, Naturalized, SNA, GNR OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 30 counties NYFA: X iNat |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Myriophyllum subg. Myriophyllum sect. Pectinatum | Water-milfoil | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Vell.) Verdc. 1829. Enydria aquatica Vell.
1830. Myriophyllum brasiliense Cambess.
1973. Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. |
Parrot’s feather ⓘ
Parrot-feather
Parrot feather watermilfoil ⓘ
Water-feather ⓘ
Brazilian water-milfoil ⓘ
Thread-of-life ⓘ
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Introduced from South America, Highly invasive, NYS Tier 2, SNA, GNR OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 3 counties iNat: 2 counties NYFA: X |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Family Penthoraceae
[edit | edit source]The Penthoraceae Rydb. ex Britton, nom. cons.[1]
Penthorum
[edit | edit source]Penthorm contains the Asian species Penthorum chinense and North American species Penthorum sedoides or ditch stonecrop.
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Genus Penthorum | Penthorum | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. |
Ditch-stonecrop, Virginia stonecrop, Virginia penthorum Penthorum faux-orpin |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Grossulariaceae
[edit | edit source]The Grossulariaceae (gooseberry family)...
Ribes
[edit | edit source]Ribes can be grouped into the currants, which are generally thornless with small berries, and the gooseberries, which generally have thorns and larger berries.
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Ribes subg. Ribes
[edit | edit source]Subgenus Ribes contains the currants.
Genus Ribes subg. Ribes | Currant | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Mill. 1768. Ribes americanum Mill.
1915. Coreosma americana (Mill.) Nieuwl. |
Wild black currant, American black currant, Blank currant Groseillier d'Amérique, Gadellier d’Amérique |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACW Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Grauer 1784. Ribes glandulosum Grauer
1785. Ribes prostratum L'Hér.
1813. Ribes resinosum Pursh |
Skunk currant, Wild currant Gadellier glanduleux |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure FACW Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Pall. 1797. Ribes triste Pall.
1856. Ribes rubrum var. propinquum
1907. Ribes triste var. albinervium
1966. Ribes rubrum var. alaskanum |
Red currant, Swamp red currant, Wild red currant Gadellier amer |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure OBL Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Pursh var. villosum DC.1825. Ribes odoratum H.L.Wendl.
1828. Ribes aureum DC. |
Buffalo currant, Clove currant, Golden currant, Missouri currant Groseillier doré |
Introduced, N. America native FACU-FACW Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: X |
USDA-NX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Ribes rubrum L.
1789. Ribes vulgare Lam.
1826. Ribes sylvestre Mert. & W.D.J.Koch
1865. Ribes sativum (Rchb.) Syme |
Northern red currant, Red garden currant, Cultivated currant Groseillier rouge |
Introduced from Europe, Naturalized |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Ribes nigrum L.
1929. Ribes cyathiforme Pojark. |
Black currant, European black currant, Garden black currant Gadellier noir, Groseillier noir, Cassis, Cassissier |
Introduced from Eurasia, Unk naturalization |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Ribes subg. Grossularia
[edit | edit source]Subgenus Grossularia contains the gooseberries.
Genus Ribes subg. Grossularia | Gooseberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753 1768. Grossularia cynosbati (L.) Mill.
1901. Ribes huronense Rydb. |
Prickly gooseberry, Eastern prickly gooseberry, American gooseberry, Dogbramble, Pasture gooseberry Groseillier des chiens |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU Perennial, Shrub, Sun-shade |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. 1803 1838. Grossularia hirtella (Michx.) Spach |
Smooth gooseberry, Wild gooseberry, Hairystem gooseberry, Wedge-leaf gooseberry Groseillier hérissé |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure FACW |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. 1803 1908. Grossularia rotundifolia Coville & Britton |
Appalachian gooseberry, Wild gooseberry |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure UPL |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
L. var. sativum DC. 1753. Ribes grossularia L.
1753. Ribes reclinatum L.
1768. Grossularia reclinata (L.) Mill.
Ribes uva-crispa DC.
1830. Ribes uva-crispa Rchb. |
European gooseberry, English gooseberry Groseillier épineux, Groseillier deshaies, Groseillier vert |
Introduced, Eurasia native, N. Africa native |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Ribes subg. Grossularioides
[edit | edit source]Genus Ribes subg. Grossularioides | Currant / Gooseberry | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Pers.) Poir. 1812 1805. Ribes oxycanthoides in…
1876. Ribes lacustre in…
1917. Limnobotrya lacustris (Pers.) Rydb. |
Bristly black currant, Bristly black gooseberry, Prickly currant, Swamp gooseberry Gadellier lacustre |
Native, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Itea
[edit | edit source]Virginia sweetspire is a native of the southeaster U.S., cultivars of which are known to be planted in New York. No reports of naturalization in New York have been found.
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Genus Itea | sweetspire | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Itea virginica L. |
Virginia sweetspire, Tassel-white, Virginia-tea, Virginia-willow |
Introduced from US South, Cultivated Perennial, Shrub |
NYFA: 0 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Family Saxifragaceae
[edit | edit source]The Saxifragaceae (family)...
Subfamily Saxifragoideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Saxifrageae
[edit | edit source]Micranthes
[edit | edit source]Genus Micranthes | Saxifrage | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Michx.) Small 1803. Saxifraga virginiensis Michx.
1847. S. virginiensis
1903. Micranthes virginiensis Small
1982. Spatularia virginiensis Á.& D.Löve |
Virginia saxifrage, Early saxifrage Saxifrage de Virginie |
Native, Secure FACU-FAC Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
L. (Haw.) 1753. Saxifraga pensylvanica L.
1821. Micranthes pensylvanica (L.) Haw.
1870. Saxifraga forbesii Vasey
1923. Saxifraga purpuripetala A.M.Johnson
1925. Micranthes pensylvanica f. purpuripetala (A.M.Johnson) House
1928. Micranthes pensylvanica var. purpuripetala (A.M.Johnson) Bush |
Eastern swamp saxifrage, Swamp saxifrage, Marsh saxifrage, Pennsylvania saxifrage Saxifrage de Pennsylvanie |
Native, Likely secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb |
NYFA: 4-5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Saxifraga
[edit | edit source]Genus Saxifraga | Saxifrage | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Saxifraga aizoides L.
1821. Leptasea aizoides (L.) Haw.
1836. Evaiezoa aizoides (L.) Raf.
1898. Saxifraga vanbruntiae Small
1905. Leptasea vanbruntiae Small |
Yellow mountain saxifrage, Evergreen saxifrage, Golden saxifrage Saxifrage jaune, Saxifrage faux-aïzoon, Saxifrage jaune des montagnes |
Native, Threatened |
NYFA: 2 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN FNA Images Wikispecies | |
ssp. oppositifolia |
Purple mountain saxifrage | Native, Endangered |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN FNA Images Wikispecies | |
Mill. ssp. paniculata1768. Saxifraga paniculata Mill.
1778. Saxifraga aizoon Jacq.
1944. Saxifraga aizoon var. neogaea Butters
1968. Saxifraga paniculata ssp. neogaea (Butters) D.Löve
1982. Chondrosea paniculata (Mill.) Á.Löve |
White mountain saxifrage | Native, Endangered |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Subfamily Heucheroideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Chrysosplenieae
[edit | edit source]Chrysosplenium
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Chrysosplenium | Golden saxifrage | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Schwein. ex Hook. 1832. Chrysosplenium americanum Schwein. ex Hook. in… |
American golden saxifrage ⓘ
American golden carpet ⓘ
American watermat ⓘ
Golden carpet ⓘ
Water carpet ⓘ
Water-carpet ⓘ
Water-mat ⓘ Dorine d’Amérique ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 8, Likely secure, S4, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb, 2n = 18, 24. |
NYFA: 4 NYFA: ? counties iNat GBIF 52 counties |
USDA-NN COL WFO POWO FSUS Go Botany VASCAN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Heuchereae
[edit | edit source]Tiarella
[edit | edit source]Most New York populations of Tiarella cordifolia s.l. are likely to be Tiarella stolonifera Nesom.[1]
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Genus Tiarella | Foamflower | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
G.L.Nesom 1753. Tiarella cordifolia L. in Sp. Pl.:405, misapplied |
Northern Foamflower Foamflower Heartleaf foamflower Heart-leaved foam-flower False mitrewort Coolwort Tiarelle cordifoliée, Tiarelle à feuilles cordées, Tiarelle feuille-en-coeur, Tiarelle |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure FACU-FAC Perennial, Herb-forb, Heliophily: 3, x = 7 |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN POWO FSUS Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNAFNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Mitella
[edit | edit source]Genus Mitella | Miterwort, bishop's cap |
N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Two-leaved bishop's-cap, Two-leaved miterwort, Coolwort |
Native, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
L. Mitella prostrata Michx. |
Naked bishop's-cap, Naked miterwort, Creeping bishop's cap |
Native, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
Mitella diphylla × Mitella nuda |
Miterwort, Bishop's-cap |
Native, Especially vulnerable |
NYFA: 1? |
USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Heuchera
[edit | edit source]Alumroot
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Genus Heuchera | Alumroot | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. var. americana1753. Heuchera americana L. in Sp. Pl.:226 |
American alumroot American alum-root Coral bells Heuchère d'Amérique |
Native, CoC: 7, Rare, S3, G5-T5 FACU Perennial, Herb-forb, Heliophily: 4 Part shade, 2n = 14 |
NYFA: 12 counties iNat: New York County GBIF: not in NY |
USDA-NN POWO FSUS VASCAN FNA LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. var. villosa1803. Heuchera villosa Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1:172 |
Maple-leaved alumroot Hairy alumroot |
Introduced, N. America native, SNA, G5 Perennial, Herb-forb, Heliophily: 3, 2n = 14 |
NYFA: Rensselaer county |
USDA-N0 POWO FSUS FNA Images Wikispecies | |
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Astilbe
[edit | edit source]False-goat's-beard
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Genus Astilbe | False-goat's-beard | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(C.Morren & Decne.) A.Gray |
Florist's-spiraea | Introduced, Not naturalized Perennial, Herb-forb |
Columbia, Dutchess, Madison, Warren NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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