Physics Study Guide/Physics constants

Commonly Used Physical Constants

Uncertainty should be read as 1.234(56) = 1.234$\pm$0.056

Name	Symbol	Value	Units	Relative Uncertainty
Speed of light (in vacuum)	$c$	$299792458$	$\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{s}}^{-1}$	(exact)
Magnetic Constant	${\mu }_0$	$4\pi \times 10^{-7}\approx 12.5663706\times 10^{-7}$	$\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{A}}^{-2}$	(exact)
Electric Constant	${\epsilon }_0=1/\left({\mu }_0{c}^2\right)$	$\approx 8.854187817\times 10^{-12}$	$\mathrm{F}{\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$	(exact)
Newtonian Gravitaional Constant	$G$	$6.6742(10)\times 10^{-11}$	${\mathrm{m}}^3{\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}}^{-1}{\mathrm{s}}^{-2}$	$1.5\times 10^{-4}$
Plank's Constant	$h$	$6.6260693(11)\times 10^{-34}$	$\mathrm{J}\mathrm{s}$	$1.7\times 10^{-7}$
Elementary charge	$e$	$1.60217653(14)\times 10^{-19}$	$\mathrm{C}$	$8.5\times 10^{-8}$
Mass of the electron	$m_e$	$9.1093826(16)\times 10^{-31}$	$\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}$	$1.7\times 10^{-7}$
Mass of the proton	$m_p$	$1.67262171(29)\times 10^{-27}$	$\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}$	$1.7\times 10^{-7}$
Fine structure constant	$\alpha =\frac{e^2}{4\pi {\epsilon }_0\hslash c}$	$7.297352568(24)\times 10^{-3}$	dimensionless	$3.3\times 10^{-9}$
Molar gass constant	$R$	$8.314472(15)$	$\mathrm{J}{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{-1}{\mathrm{K}}^{-1}$	$1.7\times 10^{-6}$
Boltzmann's constant	$k$	$1.3806505(24)\times 10^{-23}$	$\mathrm{J}{\mathrm{K}}^{-1}$	$1.8\times 10^{-6}$
Avogadro's Number	$N_{\text{A}},L$	$6.0221415(10)\times 10^{23}$	${\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{-1}$	$1.7\times 10^{-7}$
Rydberg constant	$R_{\mathrm{\infty }}$	$10973731.568525(73)$	${\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$	$6.6\times 10^{-12}$
Standard acceleration of gravity	$g$	$9.80665$	$\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{s}}^{-2}$	defined
Atmospheric pressure	$\mathrm{a}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{m}$	$101325$	$\mathrm{P}\mathrm{a}$	defined
Bohr Radius	$a_0$	$0.52917720859(36)\times 10^{-10}$	$\mathrm{m}$	$6.8\times 10^{-10}$
Electron Volt	$eV$	$1.60217653(14)\times 10^{-19}$	$\mathrm{J}$	$8.7\times 10^{-8}$
Luminous efficacy of monochromatic radiation	$K_{cd}$	$683$	$\mathrm{l}\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{W}$	(exact)
hyperfine transition frequency of Cs-133	$\mathrm{\Delta }{\nu }_{\text{Cs}}$	$9192631770$	$\mathrm{H}\mathrm{z}$	(exact)
Reduced Planck constant	$\hslash =h/2\pi$	$1.054571817\times {10}^{-34}$	$\mathrm{J}\cdot \mathrm{s}$	(exact)
atomic mass of Carbon 12	$m({}^{12}\text{C})$	$1.99264687992(60)\times {10}^{-26}$	$\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}$
molar mass of Carbon-12	$M({}^{12}\text{C})=N_{\text{A}}m({}^{12}\text{C})$	$11.9999999958(36)\times {10}^{-3}$	$\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$
atomic mass constant	$m_{\text{u}}=m({}^{12}\text{C})/12=1\text{Da}$	$1.66053906660(50)\times {10}^{-27}$	$\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}$
molar mass constant	$M_{\text{u}}=M({}^{12}\text{C})/12=N_{\text{A}}{m}_{\text{u}}$	$0.99999999965(30)\times {10}^{-3}$	$\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$
molar volume of silicon	$V_m(\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i})$	$1.205883199(60)\times {10}^{-5}$	${\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{3}}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$
molar Planck constant	$N_{\text{A}}h$	$3.990312712\dots {10}^{-10}$	$\mathrm{J}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{z}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$
Stefan-Boltzmann constant	$\sigma ={\pi }^2{k}_B^4/60{\hslash }^3{c}^2$	$5.670374419\dots \times {10}^{-8}$	$\mathrm{W}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{2}}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{K}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{4}}$
first radiation constant	$c_1=2\pi h{c}^2$	$3.741771852\dots {10}^{-16}$	$\mathrm{W}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{2}}$
first radiation constant for spectral radiance	$c_{\text{1L}}=2h{c}^2/sr$	$1.1910429723971884140794892\times {10}^{-16}$	$\mathrm{W}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}}^{\mathrm{2}}{\mathrm{s}\mathrm{r}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$
second radiation constant	$c_2=hc/k_B$	$1.438776877\dots \times {10}^{-2}$	$\mathrm{m}\mathrm{\cdot }\mathrm{K}$
Wien wavelength displacement constant	$b$	$2.897771955\dots \times {10}^{-3}$	$\mathrm{m}\mathrm{\cdot }\mathrm{K}$
Wien frequency displacement constant	$b^{\prime }=c/b$	$5.878925757\times {10}^{10}$	$\mathrm{H}\mathrm{z}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{K}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$
Wien entropy displacement constant	$b_{\text{entropy}}$	$3.002916077\dots \times {10}^{-3}$	$\mathrm{m}\mathrm{\cdot }\mathrm{K}$
Faraday constant	$F=N_{\text{A}}e$	$96485.3321233100184$	$\mathrm{C}\mathrm{\cdot }{\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{-}\mathrm{1}}$

To Be Merged Into Table

This list is prepared in the format

• Constant (symbol) : value

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• Coulomb's Law Constant (k) : 1/(4 π ε₀) = 9.0 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²
• Faraday constant (F)  : 96,485 C·mol⁻¹
• Mass of a neutron (m_n) : 1.67495 × 10⁻²⁷ kg
• Mass of Earth : 5.98 × 10²⁴ kg
• Mass of the Moon : 7.35 × 10²² kg
• Mean radius of Earth : 6.37 × 10⁶ m
• Mean radius of the Moon : 1.74 × 10⁶ m
• Dirac's Constant ($\hslash$) : $h/(2\pi )$ = 1.05457148 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s
• Speed of sound in air at STP : 3.31 × 10² m/s
• Unified Atomic Mass Unit (u) : 1.66 × 10⁻²⁷ kg

Item	Proton	Neutron	Electron
Mass	1	1	Negligible
Charge	+1	0	-1

See Also

Wiki-links

• Wikipedia Article

External Links

• NIST Physics Lab