Flora of New York/Apiales

From Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae
Flora of New York — Apiales
Dipsacales
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


In New York State, the order Apiales is represented by the ginseng family (Araliaceae) and the carrot family (Apiaceae).
Order Family Subfamily Tribe Subtribe Genera G T
Apiales Araliaceae Aralioideae Hedereae Hedera (English ivy) 1 1
Aralieae Aralia (spikenard, sarsaparilla, angelica tree)
Panax (ginseng)
Eleutherococcus (five-leaved aralia)
3 8
Hydrocotyloideae Hydrocotyle (water pennywort) 1 5
Apiaceae Saniculoideae Saniculeae Sanicula (sanicle, black snakeroot)
Eryngium (eryngo, coyote thistle)
2 7
Apioideae Oenantheae Sium (water-parsnip)
Cicuta (water-hemlock)
Cryptotaenia (honewort)
Ptilimnium (mock bishop-weed, herb-william)
Lilaeopsis (grasswort)
Oxypolis (cowbane, stiff cowbane, water dropwort)
Berula (water parsnip)
7 8
Scandiceae Scandicinae Osmorhiza (sweetroot, sweet-cicely)
Chaerophyllum (chervil)
Anthriscus (chervil, cow parsley)
3 6
Daucinae Daucus (wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace) 1 1
Torilidinae Torilis (hedge parsley) 1 1
Careae Carum (caraway, anise)
Aegopodium (goutweed, ground elder)
2 2
Pimpinelleae Pimpinella (burnet-saxifrage) 1 2
Coriandreae Coriandrum (coriander) 1 1
Apieae Apium (celery)
Anethum (dill)
Foeniculum (fennel)
Levisticum (lovage)
Petroselinum (parsley)
4 4
Tordylieae Heracleum (cow parsnip, hogweed)
Pastinaca (parsnip)
2 4
Selineae Taenidia (yellow pimpernel)
Zizia (golden Alexanders)
Angelica (angelica)
Ligusticum (licorice-root)
Thaspium (meadow-parsnip)
Aethusa (fool's parsley)
Peucedanum (masterwort)
7 11
(unplaced) Conioselinum (hemlock-parsley)
Erigenia (pepper-and-salt)
Conium (poison hemlock)
3 3

Family Araliaceae[edit | edit source]

The Araliaceae (ginseng family)

Subfamily Aralioideae[edit | edit source]

Tribe Aralieae[edit | edit source]

Aralia[edit | edit source]
Three sections of Aralia are found in New York.[1]
  1. Wen, J. (2011). "Systematics and Biogeography of Aralia L. (Araliaceae): Revision of Aralia Sects. Aralia, Humiles, Nanae, and Sciadodendron." Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 57:1-172. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/23493230
Aralia sect. Nanae[edit | edit source]
Aralia nudicaulis L.
wild sarsaparilla
Aralia sect. Nanae contains wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), a small understory shrub whose rhizomes have been used to flavor soft drinks. However, commercially available sarsaparilla drinks have traditionally been made from Smilax ornata, which is native to Mexico and Central America and grows in wet tropical habitats.
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Aralia sect. Nanae
Genus Araliasect. Nanae Sarsaparilla N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Aralia nudicaulis L.
1887. Aralia nudicaulis  var. prolifera  Apgar
1893. Aralia nudicaulis  var. elongata  Nash
Wild sarsaparilla,
American sarsaparilla,
Virginia sarsaparilla
Angélique à tige nue,
Salsepareille
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Aralia sect. Aralia[edit | edit source]
Aralia racemosa L.
spikenard
Aralia sect. Aralia contains American spikenard (Aralia racemosa)
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Aralia sect. Aralia
Genus Araliasect. Aralia Spikenard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Aralia racemosa L.
1940. Aralia racemosa  var. foliosa  Vict. & J.Rousseau
Spikenard,
American spikenard,
Small spikenard,
Life-of-man,
Petty-morel
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

FACU

Perennial,
Subshrub

NYFA: 5
iNat

USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Aralia sect. Dimorphanthus[edit | edit source]
Aralia spinosa L.
devil’s walking stick, Hercules’s club
Sect. Dimorphanthus is disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and eastern North America with only two of it's 29 species native to North America. Both of these native species are present in New York, along with one Asian introduction.

One distinguishing characteristic of this section is that all members bear prickles on their stems, while the species of all other Aralia sections remain unarmed.[1]

The native Aralia spinosa (devil's walkingstick) is similar in appearance to the exotic invasive Aralia elata (Japanese Angelica tree). Reports of Aralia spinosa in the New York City area are probably Aralia elata.[2]


Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Aralia sect. Dimorphanthus
Genus Araliasect. Dimorphanthus Angelica-tree N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Vent.

1801. Aralia hispida  Vent.
1820. Aralia muehlenbergiana  Roem. & Schult.
Bristly sarsaparilla,
Bristly spikenard
Aralie hispide,
Salsepareille
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure,
S4

Perennial,
Subshrub,
24

NYFA: 4
GBIF

USDA-NN
WFO
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
L.

1753. Aralia spinosa  L.
1814. Aralia spinosa  var. inermis  Pursh
1863. Aralia spinosa  var. glabra  Nutt.
1864. Aralia leroana  K.Koch
Devil's walking-stick,
Hercules'-club,
Angelica-tree
Native, CoC: 4,
Endangered,
Note:[1],
S1, G5

FAC

Perennial,
Tree, shrub

NYFA: 4

USDA-N0
Go Botany
VASCAN-0
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
(Miq.) Seem.
 var. elata

1840. Dimorphanthus elatus  Miq.
1845. Aralia canescens  Siebold & Zucc.
1868. Aralia elata  (Miq.) Seem.
1875. Aralia spinosa  var. canescens  (Siebold & Zucc.) Franch. & Sav.
1877. Aralia chinensis  var. elata  (Miq.) Lavallée
1893. Aralia spinosa  var. elata  (Miq.) Sarg.
1924. Aralia elata  var. canescens  (Siebold & Zucc.) Nakai
Japanese angelica-tree,
Japanese aralia,
Japanese Hercules'-club
Aralie élevée,
Aralia élevé,
Angélique du Japon
Introduced from
 temperate Asia,
Very highly invasive,
 NYIS: 80%[2],
Prohibited[3],
NE-4[4]

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
  1. New York Rare Plant Status Lists, November 2017: Changes Since the June 2010 Rare Plant Status Lists: Aralia spinosa: G5 S1
  2. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentAralia elata: Very high (80). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  3. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  4. Category 4 Plants - local concern and monitoring - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
Panax[edit | edit source]
Panax trifolius - dwarf ginseng
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), is widely collected for use as a medicinal herb.[1] Note that is illegal to harvest American ginseng from State Lands.[2]
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Panax
Genus Panax Ginseng N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Panax trifolium  L.
1753. Panax trifolius L.
1810. Aralia triphylla  Poir.
1810. Panax pusillus  Sims
1838. Panax lanceolatus  Raf.
1854. Aralia trifolia  (L.) Decne.& Planch.
1872. Ginseng trifolium  (L.) Alph.Wood
1874. Panax trifolius  var. roseus  N.Coleman
2020. Nanopanax trifolius  (L.) A.Haines
Dwarf ginseng,
Groundnut
Ginseng à trois folioles,
Panace à trois folioles,
Petit ginseng
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
 L.

1718. Aureliana canadensis  Lafit. (pre-Linnean)
1753. Panax quinquefolium  L.
1753. Panax quinquefolius L.
1838. Panax americanus  Raf.
1854. Aralia quinquefolia  (L.) Decne.& Planch.
1871. Ginseng quinquefolium  (L.) Alph.Wood
American ginseng,
Five-leaved ginseng,
Occidental ginseng,
Redberry
Ginseng à cinq folioles,
Ginseng d'Amérique,
Grand ginseng,
Panace à cinq folioles
Native, CoC: 9,
Vulnerable

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3-4

USDA-NN
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
Eleutherococcus[edit | edit source]
Eleutherococcus sieboldianus
five-leaved aralia
The National Park Service considers Five-leaf Aralia to be a potential or emerging threat to natural areas in the mid-Atlantic region.[1]
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Eleutherococcus
Genus Eleutherococcus Thorny ginseng N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Makino) Koidz.

1884. Aralia pentaphylla  var. variegata  G.Nicholson
1898. Acanthopanax sieboldianus  Makino
1900. Acanthopanax pentaphyllus  var. variegatus  (G.Nicholson) Rehder
1914. Eleutherococcus pentaphyllus  (Marchal) Nakai
1924. Eleutherococcus japonicus  var. variegata  (G.Nicholson) Nakai
1926. Acanthopanax sieboldianus  var. variegatus  (G.Nicholson) Rehder
1939. Eleutherococcus sieboldianus (Makino) Koidz.
Five-leaved aralia Introduced,
Potentially invasive

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
POWO
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Kalopanax[edit | edit source]
Kalopanax septemlobus
Genus Kalopanax contains the single species castor aralia (Kalopanax septemlobus). Infestations have been documented at Vasser College in Poughkeepsie (Dutchess County).[1].
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Kalopanax
Genus Kalopanax Castor aralia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Thunb.) Koidz.
 ssp. septemlobus

1784. Acer septemlobum  Thunb.
1845. Panax ricinifolius  Siebold & Zucc.
1864. Brassaiopsis ricinifolia  (Siebold & Zucc.) Seem.
1868. Acanthopanax ricinifolius  (Siebold & Zucc.) Seem.
1874. Aralia maximowiczii  Van Houtte
1923. Kalopanax autumnalis  Koidz.
1925. Kalopanax septemlobus  (Thunb.) Koidz.
1927. Acanthopanax septemlobus  (Thunb.) Koidz. ex Rehder
2017. Eleutherococcus septemlobus  (Thunb.) Mabb.
Castor aralia
Introduced,
Highly invasive,
Unknown naturalization,
SNA
NYFA: 1 county
iMap: 3 counties
iNat: 8 counties
NYFA: Xu
iNat

USDA-X0
POWO
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Hedereae[edit | edit source]

Hedera[edit | edit source]
Hedera helix
Ivies (Hedera spp.) are primarily native to Eurasia and northern Africa. Outside of their native ranges, some can become invasive, as Hedera helix is considered to be in New York. However both of these ivies are considered invasive at various locations throughout North America.[1]
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Hedereae — Hedera
Genus Hedera Ivy N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Hedera helix  L.
1796. Hedera poetica  Salisb. (nom. illeg.)
1822. Hedera communis  Gray (nom. superfl.)
1827. Hedera poetarum  Bertol. (nom. illeg.)
1830. Hedera helix  var. vulgaris  DC. (not validly publ.)
English ivy
Lierre commun,
Lierre
Introduced from
 temperate Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 66%[1],
CP-3[2] IPA

NYFA: X
iNat
GBIF

USDA-X0
WFO
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Poit.

1835. Hedera hibernica  Poit.
1864. Hedera helix  var. hibernica  (Poit.) G.Kirchn.
1872. Hedera grandifolia  var. maculata  Hibberd
1890. Hedera canariensis  var. maculata  (Hibberd) Hibberd
1890. Hedera hibernica aureomarginata Carrière
1890. Hedera hibernica marginata  Carrière
1895. Hedera vegeta  G.Nicholson
1900. Hedera helix  var. maculata  (Hibberd) Rehder
1914. Hedera hibernica  (G. Kirchn.) Bean
1914. Hedera hibernica  var. maculata  (Hibberd) Bean
1987. Hedera helix  ssp. hibernica  (Poit.) D.C.McClint.
Atlantic ivy,
Irish ivy
Lierre d'Irlande
Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: Excluded
iNat
GBIF
7 counties

USDA-X0
POWO
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
  1. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentHedera helix: Moderate (66). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)

Subfamily Hydrocotyloideae[edit | edit source]

Hydrocotyle[edit | edit source]

Hydrocotyle americana

Apiales — Araliaceae — Hydrocotyloideae — Hydrocotyle
Genus Hydrocotyle Water pennywort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Hydrocotyle americana L.
1803. Hydrocotyle americana  var. flexicaulis  Michx.
1803. Hydrocotyle americana  var. gracilis  Michx.
1891. Hydrocotyle nitens  Colenso
American marsh-pennywort,
American water-pennywort
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
L.

1753. Hydrocotyle umbellata L.
1803. Hydrocotyle umbellulata  Michx.
1817. Hydrocotyle incrassata  Raf. (nom. illeg.)
1820. Hydrocotyle polystachya  A.Rich.
1830. Hydrocotyle fluitans  DC.
1830. Hydrocotyle quinqueradiata  Thouars ex DC. (pro syn.)
1843. Hydrocotyle caffra  Meisn.
1855. Hydrocotyle scaposa  Steud.
Many-flowered marsh-pennywort,
Many-flowered pennywort,
Dollarweed
Native, CoC: 10,
Rare,
S2, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3

USDA-N?
POWO
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
L.f.

1782. Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.f.
1788. Hydrocotyle natans  Cirillo
1879. Hydrocotyle ranunculoides  var. genuina  Urb.
Floating pennywort Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

Images
Wikispecies
 Thunb.
var. verticillata

1798. Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb.
Whorled pennywort,
Whorled marsh-pennywort
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 L.

    Hydrocotyle vulgaris L.
    H. fetherstoniana
1798. H. verticillata  var. fetherstoniana  (Jenn.) Mathias
European marsh-pennywort,
Common pennywort,
Pennywort
Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: Z

USDA-00
Go Botany
EOL Images
Wikispecies
Lam.

1789. Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.
1830. Hydrocotyle rotundifolia Roxburgh ex DC.
Lawn marsh-pennywort Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: Xn

USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies
Hance

1862. Hydrocotyle batrachium Hance
1936. Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides  var. batrachium  (Hance) Hand.-Mazz. ex R.H.Shan
Open-leaved marsh pennywort Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: Xn

Images
Wikispecies

Family Apiaceae[edit | edit source]

The Apiaceae (carrot family) also goes by the name Umbelliferae.

Subfamily Saniculoideae[edit | edit source]

Tribe Saniculeae[edit | edit source]

Sanicula[edit | edit source]
Sanicula marilandica L.
Maryland sanicle

Apiales — Apiaceae — Saniculoideae — Saniculeae — Sanicula
Genus Sanicula Sanicle /
black snakeroot
N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. S. marilandica L.
Maryland sanicle,
Maryland snakeroot,
Black snakeroot
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-N
Go Botany
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
L.
 var. canadensis

1753. Sanicula canadensis  L.
1824. Sanicula marilandica  var. canadensis  (L.) Torr.
Short-styled sanicle,
Canadian blacksnakeroot,
Canada sanicle
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU-UPL

Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-N
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 var. grandis Fernald

1940. S. canadensis
Long-styled Canada sanicle
Long-styled Canada snakeroot
Big-fruited Canada sanicle
Big-fruited Canada snakeroot

Native, CoC: 7,
Historical,
SH

FACU-UPL

Biennial,
Herb-forb
Jefferson (1963)
NYFA: H

USDA-N
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
 (Raf.) K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe

1817. Triclinium odoratum Raf.
1895. S. gregaria E.P.Bicknell
1989. S. odorata (Raf.) K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe
Clustered sanicle,
Clustered black snakeroot,
Common black snakeroot
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
E.P. Bicknell

    Sanicula trifoliata E.P. Bicknell
Large-fruited sanicle,
Large-fruited snakeroot,
Beaked snakeroot
Native, CoC: ?,
Secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Eryngium[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Saniculoideae — Saniculeae — Eryngium
Genus Eryngium Eryngo N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Marsh rattlesnake master Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z

Images
Wikispecies

Plain coyote-thistle,
Plains eryngo
Introduced

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Eryngium (excluded taxa) Eryngo N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Seaside coyote-thistle Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA-Excluded

Images
Wikispecies
Michx.

    Eryngium yuccifolium Michx.
Button eryngo
Button snake-root
Rattlesnake master

N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
Images
Wikispecies

Subfamily Apioideae[edit | edit source]

Heracleum maximum
cow parsnip
The organization used here for the Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae is based on Downie (2010).[1]

Tribe Bupleureae[edit | edit source]

Bupleurum[edit | edit source]

Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Bupleureae — Bupleurum
Genus Bupleurum ' N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

    Bupleurum rotundifolium L.
Hare’s ear
Thoroughwax

Introduced,
Not naturalized

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: m

USDA-X
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Erigenieae[edit | edit source]

Erigenia[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Erigenia
Genus Erigenia Erigenia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

    Erigenia bulbosa
Harbinger-of-spring,
Pepper-and-salt
Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Oenantheae[edit | edit source]

Sium[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Sium
Genus Sium Waterparsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Walter

1788. Sium suave  Walter
1789. Sium cicutifolium  Schrank
1987. Sium suave  var. floridanum  C.F. Reed
Hemlock water-parsnip,
Water-parsnip,
Water-parsley
Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Cicuta[edit | edit source]
Cicuta maculata
There are two native water-hemlock (Cicuta) species in New York, both of which are highly toxic to humans and livestock.
Cicuta water-hemlock stems height leaflet shape leaflet width leaf margins upper leaf axils
C. bulbifera "bulb-bearing" slender ≤1 m linear ≤5 mm coarse teeth with bulblets
C. maculata "spotted" stout, branched ≤2 m lanceolate to ovate >5 mm (mostly) sharp narrow teeth without bulblets
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Cicuta
Genus Cicuta Water-hemlock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Cicuta bulbifera L.
1836. Keraskomion bulbiferum (L.) Raf.
Bulb-bearing water-hemlock,
Bulblet-bearing water hemlock,
Bulbous waterhemlock
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-N
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
var. maculata

1753. Cicuta maculata L.
1786. Cicutaria maculata (L.) Lam.
1832. Cicuta maculata  var. maculata  (autonym)
1888. Cicuta virosa  var. maculata  (L.) J.M. Coult. & Rose
1900. Cicuta curtissii J.M. Coult. & Rose
1900. Cicuta mexicana J.M. Coult. & Rose
Spotted water hemlock,
Poison hemlock,
Beaver-poison,
Musquash-root,
Spotted cowbane
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Cryptotaenia[edit | edit source]
Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.
honewort
Cryptotaenia is a small genus with a single North American native, known as honewort, which inhabits rich moist forests and thickets.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Cryptotaenia
Genus Cryptotaenia Honewort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC.

1753. Sison canadense  L.
1829. Cryptotaenia canadensis  DC.
1891. Deringa canadensis  Kuntze
Honewort
Canada honewort
Canadian honewort
White chervil
Wild chervil
Japanese parsley

Cryptoténie du Canada
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

FAC

NYFA: 5

USDA-N
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Ptilimnium[edit | edit source]
Ptilimnium capillaceum
Ptilimnium is a small genus of Apiaceae native to the southeastern US. The native range of Ptilimnium capillaceum (mock bishop's weed) extends north into marshes of southeastern New York, but the plant is ranked as rare in the state.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Ptilimnium
Genus Ptilimnium Mock-bishopweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Michx.) Raf.

1788. Ammi majus  Walter (nom. illeg.)
1803. Ammi rubricaule  Hornem.
1813. Ammi capillaceum  Michx.
1824. Sison capillaceum  (Michx.) Spreng.
1829. Discopleura capillacea  (Michx.) DC.
1830. Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf.
1840. Sison rubricaule  (Hornem.) Eaton & Wright.
Mock bishop-weed,
Threadleaf mockbishopweed,
Atlantic mock bishop-weed,
Herbwilliam
Native, CoC: 8,
Rare,
S2, G5

OBL

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3

USDA-N0
POWO
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
Lilaeopsis[edit | edit source]
Lilaeopsis chinensis
Despite its scientific name, Lilaeopsis chinensis (eastern grasswort) is a native of the marshes and brackish tidal mudflats of the eastern coastal plain of North America. In New York, these plants have been found along the lower Hudson River and eastern Long Island.[1]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Lilaeopsis
Genus Lilaeopsis Grasswort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Kuntze

1753.  Hydrocotyle chinensis  L. in…
1791.  Hydrocotyle sinensis  J.F.Gmel. in…
1803.  Hydrocotyle lineata  Michx. in…
1818.  Crantzia lineata  (Michx.) Nutt. in…
1830.  Hydrocotyle ligulata  Bosc ex DC. in…
1881.  Crantzia schaffneri  Hemsl. in…
1891.  Lilaeopsis lineata  (Michx.) Greene in…
1891.  Hallomuellera lineata  (Michx.) Kuntze in…
1898.  Lilaeopsis chinensis  (L.) Kuntze in…
1914.  Crantzia chinensis  (L.) Druce in…
1916.  Crantziola lineata  (Michx.) Koso-Pol. in…
1921.  Crantzia lineata  f. andina  Chodat  ...
1921.  Crantzia lineata  f. natans  Chodat  ...
Eastern grasswort,
Eastern lilaeopsis
Native, CoC: 8,
Threatened,
S2, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2
NYFA: 4 counties
iNat
GBIF
Rockland (2021)

USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Oxypolis[edit | edit source]
Oxypolis rigidior
stiff cowbane

Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Oxypolis
Genus OxypolisRaf. Cowbane N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Raf.

1753.  Sium rigidius  L. in…
1767.  Oenanthe rigidius  (L.) Crantz in…
1820.  Pastinaca rigidior  (L.) Spreng. in…
1829.  Archemora rigidior  (L.) DC. in…
1830.  Oxypolis rigidior  (L.) Raf. in…
1879.  Peucedanum rigidius  (L.) Baill. in…
Stiff cowbane,
Water-dropwort
Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered,
No recent observations,
SH, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1
NYFA: 4 (1870-1961)
? counties

USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Berula[edit | edit source]
Berula erecta
Water parsnip
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Berula
Genus Berula Waterparsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Huds.) Coville

1762. Sium erectum Huds.
1762. Sium angustifolium L.
1850. Sium thunbergii DC.
1893. Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville
1961. Berula erecta  var. incisa  (Torr.) Cronquist
1927. Berula thunbergii (DC.) H. Wolff
1942. Berula pusilla Fernald
Cutleaf water parsnip,
Cut-leaved water parsnip,
Water parsnip
Native, CoC: 10,
No recent reports,
SX, G4-5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb
Suffolk (1938)
NYFA: Z

USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Oenanthe[edit | edit source]
Oenanthe javanica in a Cook County forest in IL.
Waterdropwort (Oenanthe javanica does not appear to have been identified in the wild in New York, but it has been reported as invasive in the Midwest and is present in other northeastern states. It is also commercially available in NY and similar in appearance to other weedy Apiaceae, so it seems likely that it has either been overlooked or will eventually escape cultivation within the state.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Oenanthe
Genus Oenanthe (excluded taxa) Water dropwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NPT
(Blume) DC.

    Oenanthe javanica
    Oenanthe stolonifera
Java waterdropwort
Water cellery

Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives

NYFA: 0 counties
iNat
GBIF
Queens (2021)

USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Scandiceae[edit | edit source]

Subtribe Scandicinae[edit | edit source]
Osmorhiza[edit | edit source]
Osmorhiza claytonii
bland sweet-cicely
The two native species of Osmorhiza (sweet cicely or sweetroot) can be distinguished by the ultimate number of divisions of their umbels and by the strength of anise odor from their roots and foliage. Usually, O. claytonii has 4-8 flowers and a slight anise odor, while O. longistylis has 9-18 flowers and a strong anise odor.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Scandicinae — Osmorhiza
Genus Osmorhiza Sweet cicely N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Michx.) C.B.Clarke

1803. Myrrhis claytonii Michx.
1830. Osmorhiza brevistylis DC.
1879. Osmorhiza claytonii C.B.Clarke
1897. Washingtonia claytonii Britton
1916. Scandix claytonii Koso-Pol.
Bland sweet-cicely,
Hairy sweet cicely,
Clayton's sweetroot,
Seet jarvil
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Shade

NYFA: 5
iNat

USDA-NN
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
 (Torr.) DC.

1824. Myrrhis longistylis Torr.
1830. Osmorhiza longistylis DC.
1897. Washingtonia longistylis Britton
Long-styled sweet-cicely,
Longstyle sweetroot,
Aniseroot,
Smooth sweet cicely,
Wild licorice
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Shade

NYFA: 5
iNat

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
Chaerophyllum[edit | edit source]
Chaerophyllum procumbens
Spreading chervil
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Scandicinae — Chaerophyllum
Genus Chaerophyllum Chervil N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Crantz
 var. procumbens

1753. Scandix procumbens  L.
1767. Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz
1813. Myrrhis bifida  Spreng.
1815. Myrrhis procumbens  (L.) Spreng.
1830. Chaerophyllum articulatum  Bosc ex DC
1830. Chaerophyllum bifidum  Willd. ex DC
1830. Chaerophyllum procumbens  var. boscii  DC.
1840. Chaerophyllum boscii  Steud.
Spreading chervil,
Wild chervil
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
S1, G5

FAC-FACW

Annual,
Herb-forb
Chemung, Genesee, Tompkins, Wayne
NYFA: 1
GBIF

USDA-NN
WFO
POWO
Go Botany-0
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Anthriscus[edit | edit source]
Anthriscus sylvestris
Highly invasive Wild chervil or cow parsley (Anthriscus sylvestris) has been spreading throughout the state along roadsides, forest edges, and stream and river banks, often forming dense stands. It may well have been overlooked in places where it has not yet been recorded.[1]
  1. Michael Hough (2019). Flora of Cortland and Onondaga Counties, New York. p. 397.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Scandicinae — Anthriscus
Genus AnthriscusPers. Chervil N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Hoffm.

Wild chervil
Cow parsley
Common chervil
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 79%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-3[3],
SNA

NYFA: X
iNat

USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Hoffm.

    A. longirostris Bertol.
    Cerefolium cerefolium
    Scandix cerefolium L.
Common chervil,
Garden chervil
Introduced,
Not naturalized,
SNA, GNR
St. Lawrence, Tompkins
NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
 M. Bieb.

    Anthriscus neglecta  var. scandix
    Anthriscus scandicina  Mansf. in…
Bur chervil Introduced,
Not naturalized,
SNA
Tompkins
NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
  1. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentAnthriscus sylvestris: High (79). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Proposed Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  3. Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
Subtribe Daucinae[edit | edit source]
Daucus[edit | edit source]
Daucus carota
Wild carrot (Daucus carota), ancestor to the cultivated carrot, has edible roots when young, but they soon become quite woody. Wild carrot is listed as invasive in several states. It seems to be more prolific on calcareous sites.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Daucinae — Daucus
Genus Daucus Wild-carrot N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Daucus carota L.
1753. D. gingidium L.
1813. D. aegyptiacus Hornem.
1843. D. abyssinicus C.A.Mey.
Wild carrot,
Queen Anne's lace,
Bird's nest
Carotte sauvage,
Carotte,
Carotte potagère,
Dauce carotte
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive

UPL

Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Subtribe Torilidinae[edit | edit source]
Torilis[edit | edit source]
Torilis japonica
Hedge parsleys are generally native to Eurasia and northern Africa. Of the three Torilis species found in New York, only Torilis japonica (erect or Japanese hedge-parsley) is known to naturalize. Although somewhat scattered throughout the state, T. japonica can form fairly dense stands where it occurs along roadsides, weedy forests, and thickets.[1]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Torilidinae — Torilis
Genus Torilis Hedgeparsley N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Houtt.) DC.

1777. Caucalis japonica Houtt.
1805. Torilis anthriscus  (L.) C.C.Gmel.
1830. Torilis japonica  (Houtt.) DC.
1903. Torilis anthriscus  var. japonica  (Houtt.) H.Boissieu
Erect hedge-parsley,
Japanese hedge parsley,
Upright hedge parsley
Torilis du Japon,
Torilis anthrisque,
Torilis faux-cerfeuil
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Invasive,
CP-3[1] IPA[2][3],
SNA, GNR

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: 10 counties
iNat
4 counties

USDA-XX
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
 (Huds.) Link

1762.  Caucalis arvensis  Huds.
1821.  Torilis arvensis  Link
1915.  Anthriscus arvensis  Koso-Pol.
Spreading hedgeparsley,
Canada hedge-parsley,
Field hedge-parsley
Torilis des champs
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
Unk. naturalization,
SNA

Annual,
Forb-herb
Richmond (2002)
NYFA: 0

USDA-XN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
(L.) Rchb. f.

1753. Caucalis leptophylla L.
1866. Torilis leptophylla (L.) Rchb. f.
1949. Torilis xanthotricha Stankov
Bristly-fruited hedge parsley

Introduced,
Not naturalized,
SNA
Suffolk (1966)
NYFA: Xm
iNat

USDA-X0
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Careae[edit | edit source]

Carum[edit | edit source]
Carum carvi
Carum is a small genus of usually only a few species, including caraway (Carum carvi), the seeds and aromatic fruits of which are used for spice. Carum carvi is listed as highly invasive in the New York State, indicating that it can have a negative impact on native ecosystems where it naturalizes.[1] It has been reported to be most likely to naturalize in the more-northern parts of New York State.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Careae — Carum
Genus Carum Carum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carum carvi L.
1762. Apium carvi (L.) Crantz
1799. Aegopodium carum Wibel
1805. Seseli carvi (L.) DC.
1808. Binium carvi (L.) M.Bieb.
1879. Pimpinella carvi (L.) Jess.
1903. Carum velenovskyi Rohlena
Caraway
Carum
Meridian fennel
Persian cumin

Carvi commun
Carvi
Cumin des prés
Anis des prés
Introduced from
 Eurasia, northern Africa,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS Tier: 4,
iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [1],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized

Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: 36 counties
iNat
GBIF
No RG obs.

USDA-XX
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Aegopodium[edit | edit source]
Aegopodium podagraria
goutweed
The only Aegopodium species known to naturalize in New York is Aegopodium podagraria (goutweed), which is native to Eurasia but has been widely planted elsewhere, where it often escapes or persists where it was planted. It has been listed as moderately invasive in New York State.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Careae — Aegopodium
Genus Aegopodium Goutweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753.  Aegopodium podagraria  L.
1827.  Carum podagraria  (L.) Roth
1889.  Apium podagraria  (L.) Caruel
1900.  A???? podagraria  var. variegatum  L.H.Bailey
Goutweed,
Bishop's goutweed,
Ground elder,
Snow-on-the-mountain
Égopode podagraire,
Herbe aux goutteux,
Podagraire
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 64%[1],
iMapInvasives,
CP-3,[2] NE-2[3],
SNA, GNR

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: 25 counties
xx counties

USDA-XX
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
  1. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentAegopodium podagraria: Moderate (64). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  3. Category 2 Plants - moderately invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
Falcaria[edit | edit source]
Falcaria vulgaris
Falcaria vulgaris (sickleweed) is the only species in this genus. It is being tracked as potentially invasive in New York and New Jersey.[1]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Careae — Falcaria
Genus Falcaria Sickleweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Bernh.

1753. Sium falcaria L.
1800. Falcaria vulgaris Bernh.
1898. Falcaria sioides (Wibel) Asch. (i)
Sickleweed
Longleaf

Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
Unknown naturalization

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Xu
NYFA: Bronx (1923)
iNat
no observations

USDA-X0
Go Botany
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Pimpinelleae[edit | edit source]

Pimpinella[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Pimpinelleae — Pimpinella
Genus Pimpinella Burnet-saxifrage N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Pimpinella saxifraga L.
Common burnet-saxifrage,
Solidstem burnet-saxifrage,
Burnet-saxifrage
Introduced,
from Eurasia

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Huds.

1753.  Pimpinella saxifraga  var. major  L.
1762.  Pimpinella major  Huds.
1771.  Pimpinella magna  L.
Hollowstem burnet saxifrage,
Hollow-stemmed burnet-saxifrage
Introduced from
 Europe

NYFA: X

USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Coriandreae[edit | edit source]

Coriandrum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Coriandreae — Coriandrum
Genus Coriandrum Coriander N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Coriandrum sativum L.
1904. Selinum coriandrum Krause
Coriander,
Cilantro,
Chinese parsley
Coriandre cultivée,
Coriandre cultivé,
Coriandre
Introduced from
 Mediterranean,
Likely naturalized

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Apieae[edit | edit source]

Tribe Apieae
Apium[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Apium
Genus Apium Celery N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Apium graveolens  L.
1771. Seseli graveolens  (L) Scop.
1788. Sium apium  Roth
1805. Sium graveolens  (L) Vest
1829. Seseli graveolens  (L) Ledeb.
1900. Apium vulgare  Bubani
1904. Selinum graveolens  (L) Krause
1911. Apium integrilobum  Hayata
1913. Celeri graveolens  (L.) Britton
1916. Carum graveolens  (L.) Koso-Pol.
Celery,
Wild celery
Céleri
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

USDA-XN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
Anethum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Anethum
Genus Anethum Dill N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Dill Introduced

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
Foeniculum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Foeniculum
Genus Foeniculum Fennel N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Sweet fennel Introduced

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Levisticum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Levisticum
Genus Levisticum Levisticum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Lovage Introduced

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Petroselinum[edit | edit source]
Petroselinum crispum
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is widely cultivated and may occasionally escape but is not known to truly naturalize in New York State.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Petroselinum
Genus Petroselinum Parsley N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Mill.) Fuss

1753. Apium petroselinum L.
1768. Apium crispum Mill.
1821. Petroselinum vulgare Lag.
1866. Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss
1867. Carum petroselinum (L.) Benth. & Hook.f.
1879. Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman
1904. Selinum petroselinum (L.) E.H.L.Krause
1925. P. crispum (Mill.) Nyman ex A.W.Hill
Garden parsley,
Parsley
Persil
Introduced

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
iNat

USDA-XX
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
BONAP
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Tordylieae[edit | edit source]

This tribe contains the parsnips and cowparsnips. The only native member of the Tordylieae is Heracleum maximum. To varying degrees, skin contact with any of these species may cause phytophotodermatitis.
Heracleum[edit | edit source]
Heracleum mantegazzianum
giant hogweed
The Heracleum (cow-parsnip or hogweed) species found in New York include the native American cow-parsnip (H. maximum) and the introduced, highly invasive giant hogweed or giant cow-parsnip (H. mantegazzianum). Although the sap of all members of this genus may cause phytophotodermatitis, giant hogweed is by far the worst offender.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Tordylieae — Heracleum

Genus Heracleum Cowparsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 W.Bartram

1791. Heracleum maximum W.Bartram
1803. H. lanatum Michx.
1828. H. montanum Schleich. ex Gaudin
1905. H. sphondylium  ssp. montanum  (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Briq.
1982. H. sphondylium  ssp. lanatum  (Michx.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
1988. H. sphondylium  var. lanatum  (Michx.) Dorn
Cow parsnip
Cow-parsnip
Common cowparsnip
American cow-parsnip
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Tropicos
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies
Sommier & Levier

Giant hogweed,
Giant cow-parsnip
Introduced,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 72%[1],
CP-3[2]

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
ssp. sphondylium

European cow parsnip,
Common hogweed,
Eltrot
Introduced

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
  1. New York non-native plant invasiveness assessmentHeracleum mantegazzianum: High (72). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
Pastinaca[edit | edit source]
Pastinaca sativa
Of the approximately 15 parsnip (Pastanica) species,[1] only wild parsnip (P. sativa) is known to have naturalized in New York.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Tordylieae
Genus Pastinaca Parsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Pastinaca sativa L.
Wild parsnip,
Common parsnip
Panais sauvage,
Panais cultivé
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Invasive,
Perdue: 71%,
SNA

Biennial-perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
Note: IPA[1]

Tribe Selineae[edit | edit source]

Taenidia[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Taenidia
Genus Taenidia Yellow-pimpernel N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Drude

1753. Smyrnium integerrimum  L.
1898. Taenidia integerrima  (L.) Drude
Yellow pimpernel,
Yellow pimpernell,
Golden Alexander
Ténidia à feuilles entières,
Ténidie très entière
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
BONAP
LBJ
EOL Images
Wikispecies
Zizia[edit | edit source]
Zizia aurea
The two Zizia species native to New York are golden Alexanders (Zizia aurea) and Heart-leaved Alexanders (Zizia aptera).
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Zizia
Genus Zizia Zizia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) W.D.J.Koch

1753. Smyrnium aureum L.
1818. Thaspium aureum (L.) Nutt.
1820. Sison aureum (L.) Spreng.
1824. Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J.Koch
1894. T. trifoliatum  var. aureum  (L.) Britton
Common golden Alexanders,
Golden Zizia
Native,
Secure

FAC,
Sun - part shade

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
LBJ
Images
Wikispecies

    Zizia cordata
Heartleaf golden Alexanders,
Meadow zizia
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
Thaspium[edit | edit source]
Thaspium trifoliatum var. aureum

Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Thaspium
Genus Thaspium Meadow-parsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) Nutt.

1803. Ligusticum barbinode Michx.
1818. Thaspium barbinode Nutt.
1887. Thaspium barbinode  var. angustifolium
1900. Thaspium barbinode  var. chapmanii
1933. Thaspium chapmanii Small
Hairyjoint meadowparsnip,
Hairy-jointed meadowparsnip
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Thaspium (excluded taxa) Meadow-parsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) A.Gray
var. aureum (L.) Britton

1753. Smyrnium aureum L.
1818. Thaspium aureum Nutt
1894. T. trifoliatum  var. aureum  Britton
1918. T. trifoliatum  var. flavum  S.F.Blake
Purple meadow-parsnip,
Smooth meadow-parsnip
N.America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ITIS
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) A.Gray
var. trifoliatum

1856. Thaspium trifoliatum (L.) A.Gray
1887. T. aureum  var. trifoliatum  J.M.Coult. & Rose
Purple meadowparsnip
Purple thaspium

N.America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
Go Botany
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
Angelica[edit | edit source]
Angelica atropurpurea L.
purple-stemmed angelica
Three native species of angelica are listed in the New York Flora Atlas.[1]

The Eurasian species Angelica sylvestris (woodland angelica) has apparently become established in southeastern Canada and is being tracked by iMapInvasives in New Hampshire, New York, New Jersey, Vermont, and New Brunswick.[2]


Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Angelica
Genus Angelica Angelica N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Angelica atropurpurea L.
1814. Archangelica atropurpurea (L.) Hoffm.
1931. Angelica atropurpurea  var. occidentalis  Fassett
Purple-stemmed angelica,
Great angelica,
Purplestem angelica
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

USDA-NN
Go Botany
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies

     Angelica villosa
Hairy angelica,
Deadly angelica
Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
NYNHP[1],
S1, G5

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

USDA-NX
Go Botany
Images
Wikispecies
L.

1753. Angelica lucida L.
1803. Ligusticum actaeifolium Michx.
1813. Imperatoria lucida (L.) Spreng.
1816. Caucalis lucida (L.) Lag.
1830. Archangelica gmelinii DC.
1844. Coelopleurum gmelinii (DC.) Ledeb.
1900. Coelopleurum actaeifolium (Michx.) J.M. Coult. & Rose
1919. Coelopleurum lucidum (L.) Fernald
Sea-coast angelica
Sea coast angelica
Seacoast angelica
Seaside angelica
Sea-watch
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
NYNHP[2],
S2, G5

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2
NYFA: 2 counties
iNat
GBIF
No observations

USDA-NN
Go Botany
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies

    Angelica sylvestris
Woodland angelica
wild angelica

Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives,
 USGS: L48 not listed,
Not listed in NY

NYFA: Not listed
iNat
GBIF
No RG observations

Images
Wikispecies
Ligusticum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Ligusticum
Genus Ligusticum Licorice-root N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
ssp. scoticum

Scottish licorice-root Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
Aethusa[edit | edit source]
Aethusa cynapium
The genus Aethusa contains the single species Aethusa cynapium (fool’s parsley or poison parsley).
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Aethusa
Genus Aethusa Aethusa N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Aethusa cynapium L.
Fool's-parsley,
Poison parsley
Ethuse,
Petite ciguë
Introduced from
 Eurasia

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Peucedanum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Peucedanum
Genus Peucedanum Masterwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) W.D.J.Koch

1753. Imperatoria ostruthia  L.
1822. Imperatoria major  Gray
1824. Peucedanum ostruthium  W.D.J.Koch
Masterwort Introduced

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe (Conioselinum chinense clade)[edit | edit source]

Conioselinum[edit | edit source]
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — (unplaced) — Conioselinum
Genus Conioselinum Hemlockparsley N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.

1753. Athamanta chinense  L.
1813. Cnidium chinense  Spreng. ex Steud.
1888. Conioselinum chinense  B.S.P.
1900. Conioselinum pacificum  J.M.Coult. & Rose
Chinese hemlock-parsley,
Eastern hemlockparsley,
Hemlock parsley
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe (Conium clade)[edit | edit source]

Conium[edit | edit source]
Conium maculatum
poison-hemlock
Poison-hemlock (Conium maculatum) was likely the source of the hemlock given to Socrates to drink as a penalty for corrupting the youth and refusing to recognize the gods that were recognized by the city-state of Athens. Plato claimed that Socrates' last words after drinking the poison were "Crito, we owe a cock to Asclepius. Do pay it. Don't forget." Asclepius was the god of medicine, who was killed by Zeus for bringing people back from the dead, or possibly for accepting payment for doing so.



Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — (unplaced) — Conium
Genus Conium Poison hemlock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Conium maculatum L.
1767. Coriandrum cicuta Crantz
1767. Cicuta officinalis Crantz
1768. Conium cicuta Neck.
1778. Cicuta major Lam.
1788. Coriandrum cicuta Roth
1788. Coriandrum maculatum (L.) Roth
1799. Conium maculosum Pall.
1806. Sium conium Vest
1904. Selinum conium (Vest) E.H.L. Krause
Poison hemlock,
Deadly hemlock,
Poison parsley,
Fool's-parsley,
Spotted parsley,
Spotted-hemlock
Introduced,
Moderately invasive,
Toxic,
SNA, G5

FACW

Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

USDA-XX
Go Botany
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies