Flora of New York/Apiales

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Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae 		Flora of New York — Apiales →
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In New York State, the order Apiales is represented by the ginseng family (Araliaceae) and the carrot family (Apiaceae).
Order Family Subfamily Tribe Subtribe Genera G T
Apiales Araliaceae Aralioideae Hedereae — Hedera (English ivy) 1 1
Aralieae — Aralia (spikenard, sarsaparilla, angelica tree)
Panax (ginseng)
Eleutherococcus (five-leaved aralia) 		3 8
Hydrocotyloideae — — Hydrocotyle (water pennywort) 1 5
Apiaceae Saniculoideae Saniculeae — Sanicula (sanicle, black snakeroot)
Eryngium (eryngo, coyote thistle) 		2 7
Apioideae Oenantheae — Sium (water-parsnip)
Cicuta (water-hemlock)
Cryptotaenia (honewort)
Ptilimnium (mock bishop-weed, herb-william)
Lilaeopsis (grasswort)
Oxypolis (cowbane, stiff cowbane, water dropwort)
Berula (water parsnip) 		7 8
Scandiceae Scandicinae Osmorhiza (sweetroot, sweet-cicely)
Chaerophyllum (chervil)
Anthriscus (chervil, cow parsley) 		3 6
Daucinae Daucus (wild carrot, Queen Anne's lace) 1 1
Torilidinae Torilis (hedge parsley) 1 1
Careae — Carum (caraway, anise)
Aegopodium (goutweed, ground elder) 		2 2
Pimpinelleae — Pimpinella (burnet-saxifrage) 1 2
Coriandreae — Coriandrum (coriander) 1 1
Apieae — Apium (celery)
Anethum (dill)
Foeniculum (fennel)
Levisticum (lovage)
Petroselinum (parsley) 		4 4
Tordylieae — Heracleum (cow parsnip, hogweed)
Pastinaca (parsnip) 		2 4
Selineae — Taenidia (yellow pimpernel)
Zizia (golden Alexanders)
Angelica (angelica)
Ligusticum (licorice-root)
Thaspium (meadow-parsnip)
Aethusa (fool's parsley)
Peucedanum (masterwort) 		7 11
(unplaced) — Conioselinum (hemlock-parsley)
Erigenia (pepper-and-salt)
Conium (poison hemlock) 		3 3

Family Araliaceae

The Araliaceae (ginseng family)

Subfamily Aralioideae

Tribe Aralieae

Aralia
Three sections of Aralia are found in New York.[1]
  1. ↑ Wen, J. (2011). "Systematics and Biogeography of Aralia L. (Araliaceae): Revision of Aralia Sects. Aralia, Humiles, Nanae, and Sciadodendron." Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, 57:1-172. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/23493230
Aralia sect. Nanae
Aralia nudicaulis L.
wild sarsaparilla
Aralia sect. Nanae contains wild sarsaparilla (Aralia nudicaulis), a small understory shrub whose rhizomes have been used to flavor soft drinks. However, commercially available sarsaparilla drinks have traditionally been made from Smilax ornata, which is native to Mexico and Central America.
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Aralia sect. Nanae
Genus Aralia sect. Nanae Sarsaparilla N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Aralia nudicaulis L.
    
    
 Wild sarsaparilla,
American sarsaparilla,
Virginia sarsaparilla
Angélique à tige nue,
Salsepareille 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

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Aralia sect. Aralia
Aralia racemosa L.
spikenard
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Aralia sect. Aralia
Genus Aralia sect. Aralia Spikenard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Aralia racemosa L.
    
    
 Spikenard,
American spikenard,
Small spikenard,
Life-of-man,
Petty-morel 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Subshrub

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Aralia sect. Dimorphanthus
Aralia spinosa L.
devil’s walking stick, Hercules’s club
Sect. Dimorphanthus is disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and eastern North America with only two of it's 29 species native to North America. Both of these native species are present in New York, along with one Asian introduction.

One distinguishing characteristic of this section is that all members bear prickles on their stems, while the species of all other Aralia sections remain unarmed.[1]

The native Aralia spinosa (devil's walkingstick) is similar in appearance to the exotic invasive Aralia elata (Japanese Angelica tree). Reports of Aralia spinosa in the New York City area are probably Aralia elata.[2]

  1. ↑ Jun Wen (2011). "Systematics and Biogeography of Aralia L. (Araliaceae): Revision of Aralia Sects. Aralia, Humiles, Nanae, and Sciadodendron." Contributions from the United States National Herbarium. Volume 57: 1-172.
  2. ↑ Steven D. Glenn (2012), Aralia spinosa, devil's walking-stick, New York Metropolitan Flora Project.
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Aralia sect. Dimorphanthus
Genus Aralia sect. Dimorphanthus Angelica-tree N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Vent.
1801. Aralia hispida Vent.
 Bristly sarsaparilla,
Bristly spikenard
Aralie hispide,
Salsepareille 		Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure
Perennial,
Subshrub

NYFA: 4
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 L.
    
    
    
 Devil's walking-stick,
Hercules'-club,
Angelica-tree 		Native, CoC: 4,
Endangered,
Note:[1]
FAC
Perennial,
Tree, shrub

NYFA: 4
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 (Miq.) Seem.
    Dimorphanthus elatus Miq.
    Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem.
    
 Japanese angelica-tree,
Japanese aralia,
Japanese Hercules'-club
Aralie élevée,
Aralia élevé,
Angélique du Japon 		Introduced,
Very highly invasive,
 NYIS: 80%[2],
Prohibited[3],
NE-4[4]

NYFA: X
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  1. ↑ New York Rare Plant Status Lists, November 2017: Changes Since the June 2010 Rare Plant Status Lists: Aralia spinosa: G5 S1
  2. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Aralia elata: Very high (80). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  3. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  4. ↑ Category 4 Plants - local concern and monitoring - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
Panax
Panax trifolius - dwarf ginseng
American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), is widely collected for use as a medicinal herb.[1] Note that is illegal to harvest American ginseng from State Lands.[2]
  1. ↑ Robert L. Beyfuss "Ginseng Growing" New York Department of Environmental Conservation
  2. ↑ "American Ginseng" New York Department of Environmental Conservation
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Panax
Genus Panax Ginseng N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Panax trifolium L.
1854. Aralia trifolia (L.) Decne.& Planch.
1872. Ginseng trifolium (L.) Alph.Wood
 Dwarf ginseng,
Groundnut
Ginseng à trois folioles,
Panace à trois folioles,
Petit ginseng 		Native, CoC: 8,
Secure
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
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 L.
1718. Aureliana canadensis Lafit. pre-Lin.
1753. Panax quinquefolium L.
1838. Panax americanus Raf.
1854. Aralia quinquefolia (L.) Decne.& Planch.
1871. Ginseng quinquefolium (L.) Alph.Wood
 American ginseng,
Five-leaved ginseng,
Occidental ginseng,
Redberry
Ginseng à cinq folioles,
Ginseng d'Amérique,
Grand ginseng,
Panace à cinq folioles 		Native, CoC: 9,
Vulnerable
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3-4
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Eleutherococcus
Eleutherococcus sieboldianus
five-leaved aralia
The National Park Service considers Five-leaf Aralia to be a potential or emerging threat to natural areas in the mid-Atlantic region.[1]
  1. ↑ Chris Traft & Mark Frey (2012) "Invasive Plant Alert: Five-leaf Aralia." National Park Service, National Capital Region Exotic Plant Management Team, Washington, DC.
Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Aralieae — Eleutherococcus
Genus Eleutherococcus Thorny ginseng N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Makino) Koidz.
1881. Acanthopanax pentaphyllus Marchal
1898. Acanthopanax sieboldianus Makino
1914. E. pentaphyllus (Marchal) Nakai
1939. E. sieboldianus (Makino) Koidz.
 Five-leaved aralia Introduced,
Potentially invasive

NYFA: X
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Tribe Hedereae

Hedera

Ivies (Hedera spp.) are primarily native to Eurasia and northern Africa. Outside of their native ranges, some can become invasive, as Hedera helix is considered to be in New York. However both of these ivies are considered invasive at various locations throughout North America.[1]

Apiales — Araliaceae — Aralioideae — Hedereae — Hedera
Genus Hedera Ivy N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. helix
1753. Hedera helix L
1830. Hedera canariensis Willd.
1830. H. helixvar. canariensis DC.
1913. H. helixssp. canariensis Cout.
 English ivy
Lierre commun,
Lierre 		Introduced from
 temperate Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 66%[2],
CP-3[3] IPA

NYFA: X
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Genus Hedera  Ivy N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (G.Kirchn.) Bean
1864. Hedera helixvar. hibernica G.Kirchn.
1890. Hedera hibernica Carrière invalid
1914. Hedera hibernica (G.Kirchn.) Bean
1987. Hedera helixssp. hibernica McClint.
 Atlantic ivy,
Irish ivy
Lierre d'Irlande 		Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
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  1. ↑ Patterson Clark (2013). "Ivy: You say helix, I say hibernica." Urban Jungle column in The Washington Post. February 19, 2013.
  2. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Hedera helix: Moderate (66). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  3. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)

Subfamily Hydrocotyloideae

Hydrocotyle

Apiales — Araliaceae — Hydrocotyloideae — Hydrocotyle
Genus Hydrocotyle Water pennywort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Hydrocotyle americana L.
    
    
 American marsh-pennywort,
American water-pennywort 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
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 L.
1753. Hydrocotyle umbellata L.
    
    
 Many-flowered
  marsh-pennywort,
Many-flowered pennywort,
Dollarweed 		Native, CoC: 10,
Rare

NYFA: 3
USDA-N?
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 L.f.
1782. H. ranunculoides L.f.
    
    
 Floating pennywort Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
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 Thunb.
var. verticillata
1798. Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb.
    
    
 Whorled pennywort,
Whorled marsh-pennywort 		Native,
Endangered

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 L.
    Hydrocotyle vulgaris L.
    H. fetherstoniana
1798. H. verticillatavar. fetherstoniana
 European marsh-pennywort,
Common pennywort,
Pennywort 		Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: Z
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 Lam.
    H. sibthorpioides Lam.
    H. rotundifolia Roxburgh ex DC.
    
 Lawn marsh-pennywort Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: Xn
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 Hance
    H. batrachium Hance
 Open-leaved marsh pennywort Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: Xn
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Family Apiaceae

The Apiaceae (carrot family)...

Subfamily Saniculoideae

Tribe Saniculeae

Sanicula
Sanicula marilandica L.
Maryland sanicle
Apiales — Apiaceae — Saniculoideae — Saniculeae — Sanicula
Genus Sanicula Sanicle /
black snakeroot 		N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. S. marilandica L.
    
    
 Maryland sanicle,
Maryland snakeroot,
Black snakeroot 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

NYFA: 5
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 L.
var. canadensis
1753. S. canadensis L.
1824. S. marilandicavar. canadensis
    
 Short-styled sanicle,
Canadian blacksnakeroot,
Canada sanicle 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

NYFA: 5
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var. grandis Fernald
1940. S. canadensisvar. grandis
    
    
 Big-fruited Canada sanicle,,
Big-fruited Canada snakeroot 		Native, CoC: 7,
Historical

NYFA: H
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(Raf.) K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe
1817. Triclinium odoratum Raf.
1895. S. gregaria E.P.Bicknell
1989. S. odorata (Raf.)
K.M.Pryer & L.R.Phillippe
 Clustered sanicle,
Clustered black snakeroot,
Common black snakeroot 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb

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 E.P. Bicknell
    
    
    
 Large-fruited sanicle,
Large-fruited snakeroot,
Beaked snakeroot 		Native, CoC: ?,
Secure
Perennial,
Herb-forb

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Eryngium
Apiales — Apiaceae — Saniculoideae — Saniculeae — Eryngium
Genus Eryngium Eryngo N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Marsh rattlesnake master Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z
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Plain coyote-thistle,
Plains eryngo 		Introduced
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Genus Eryngium  Eryngo N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Seaside coyote-thistle Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA-Excluded
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 Michx.
    Eryngium yuccifolium Michx.
Button eryngo
Button snake-root
Rattlesnake master
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded
Perennial,
Herb-forb

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Subfamily Apioideae

Heracleum maximum
cow parsnip
The organization used here for the Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae is based on Downie (2010).[1]
  1. ↑ Stephen R. Downie, Krzysztof Spalik, Deborah S. Katz-Downie and Jean-Pierre Reduron (2010). "Major clades within Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae as inferred by phylogenetic analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences." Plant Div. Evol. 128: 111–136.

Tribe Bupleureae

Bupleurum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Bupleureae — Bupleurum
Genus Bupleurum ' N.Y. Status Images Distribution 1240 NPT
 L.
    Bupleurum rotundifolium L.
Hare’s ear ⓘ
Thoroughwax ⓘ
Introduced,
Not naturalized
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: m
USDA-X
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Tribe Erigenieae

Erigenia
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Erigenia
Genus Erigenia Erigenia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
    
    
    
 Harbinger-of-spring,
Pepper-and-salt 		Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
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Tribe Oenantheae

Sium
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Sium
Genus Sium Waterparsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Walter
1788. Sium suave Walter
1789. Sium cicutifolium Schrank
1987. Sium suavevar. floridanum
C.F. Reed
 Hemlock water-parsnip,
Water-parsnip,
Water-parsley 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
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Cicuta
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Cicuta
Genus Cicuta Water-hemlock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Bulb-bearing water-hemlock,
Bulblet-bearing water hemlock,
Bulbous waterhemlock 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
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var. maculata
 Spotted water hemlock,
Poison hemlock,
Beaver-poison,
Musquash-root,
Spotted cowbane 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
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Cryptotaenia
Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC.
Canada honewort
Cryptotaenia is a small genus with a single North American native, known as Canada honewort, which inhabits rich moist forests and thickets.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Cryptotaenia
Genus Cryptotaenia Honewort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC.
1753. Sison canadense L.
1829. Cryptotaenia canadensis DC.
1891. Deringa canadensis Kuntze
 Canada honewort Native, CoC: 6,
Secure
FAC

NYFA: 5
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Ptilimnium
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Ptilimnium
Genus Ptilimnium Mock-bishopweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Michx.) Raf.
1803. Ammi capillaceum Michx.
1829. Discopleura capillacea DC.
1830. Ptilimnium capillaceum Raf.
 Mock bishop-weed,
Threadleaf mockbishopweed,
Atlantic mock bishop-weed,
Herbwilliam 		Native,
Rare

NYFA: 3
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Lilaeopsis
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Lilaeopsis
Genus Lilaeopsis Grasswort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Kuntze
1753. Hydrocotyle chinensis L.
1803. Hydrocotyle lineata Michx.
1818. Crantzia lineata Nutt.
1891. Lilaeopsis lineata Greene
1898. Lilaeopsis chinensis Kuntze
 Eastern grasswort,
Eastern lilaeopsis 		Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2
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Oxypolis
Oxypolis rigidior
stiff cowbane
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Oxypolis
Genus Oxypolis Raf. Cowbane N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Raf.
1753. Sium rigidius L.
1830. Oxypolis rigidior Raf.
 Stiff cowbane,
Water-dropwort 		Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
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Berula
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Oenantheae — Berula
Genus Berula Waterparsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Cutleaf water parsnip,
Water parsnip 		Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z
USDA-NN
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Tribe Scandiceae

Subtribe Scandicinae
Osmorhiza
Osmorhiza claytonii
bland sweet-cicely
The two native species of Osmorhiza (sweet cicely or sweetroot) can be distinguished by the ultimate number of divisions of their umbels and by the strength of anise odor from their roots and foliage. Usually, O. claytonii has 4-8 flowers and a slight anise odor, while O. longistylis has 9-18 flowers and a strong anise odor.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Scandicinae — Osmorhiza
Genus Osmorhiza Sweet cicely N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Michx.) C.B.Clarke
1803. Myrrhis claytonii Michx.
1830. Osmorhiza brevistylis DC.
1879. Osmorhiza claytonii C.B.Clarke
1897. Washingtonia claytonii Britton
1916. Scandix claytonii Koso-Pol.
 Bland sweet-cicely,
Hairy sweet cicely,
Clayton's sweetroot,
Seet jarvil 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Shade

NYFA: 5
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 (Torr.) DC.
1824. Myrrhis longistylis Torr.
1830. Osmorhiza longistylis DC.
1897. Washingtonia longistylis Britton
 Long-styled sweet-cicely,
Longstyle sweetroot,
Aniseroot,
Smooth sweet cicely,
Wild licorice 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure
FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Shade

NYFA: 5
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Chaerophyllum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Scandicinae — Chaerophyllum
Genus Chaerophyllum Chervil N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Crantz
var. procumbens
1753. Scandix procumbens L.
1767. C. procumbens (L.) Crantz
 Spreading chervil Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered
FACW

NYFA: 1
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Anthriscus
Anthriscus sylvestris
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Scandicinae — Anthriscus
Genus Anthriscus Pers. Chervil N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Hoffm.
 Wild chervil,
Cow parsley 		Introduced,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 79%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-3[3]

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 (L.) Hoffm.
    A. longirostris Bertol.
    Cerefolium cerefolium
    Scandix cerefolium L.
 Common chervil,
Garden chervil 		Introduced

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 M. Bieb.
    A. neglectavar. scandix
    A. scandicina Mansf. (i)
 Bur chervil Introduced

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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Anthriscus sylvestris: High (79). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Proposed Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  3. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
Subtribe Daucinae
Daucus
Daucus carota
Wild carrot (Daucus carota), ancestor to the cultivated carrot, has edible roots when young, but they soon become quite woody.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Daucinae — Daucus
Genus Daucus Wild-carrot N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Daucus carota L.
1753. D. gingidium L.
1813. D. aegyptiacus Hornem.
1843. D. abyssinicus C.A.Mey.
 Wild carrot,
Queen Anne's lace,
Bird's nest
Carotte sauvage,
Carotte,
Carotte potagère,
Dauce carotte 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa
UPL
Biennial,
Herb-forb

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Subtribe Torilidinae
Torilis
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Scandiceae — Torilidinae — Torilis
Genus Torilis Hedgeparsley N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Houtt.) DC.
1777. Caucalis japonica Houtt.
1805. T. anthriscus (L.) C.C.Gmel.
1830. T. japonica (Houtt.) DC.
1903. T. anthriscusvar. japonica
 Erect hedge-parsley,
Japanese hedge parsley,
Upright hedge parsley
Torilis du Japon,
Torilis anthrisque,
Torilis faux-cerfeuil 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Invasive,
CP-3[1] IPA[2][3]
Annual,
Herb-forb

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 (Huds.) Link
1762. Caucalis arvensis Huds.
1821. Torilis arvensis Link
1915. Anthriscus arvensis Koso-Pol.
 Spreading hedgeparsley,
Canada hedge-parsley,
Field hedge-parsley
Torilis des champs 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
No specimens
Annual,
Forb-herb

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  1. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  2. ↑ Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States reports Torilis japonica as invasive in the state of Wisconsin
  3. ↑ Antonio DiTommaso, Stephen J. Darbyshire, Caroline A. Marschner, and Kristine M. Averill (2014) North-East, North-Central, Mid-Atlantic United States and Southern Canada: Japanese Hedgeparsley (Torilis japonica)—A New Invasive Species in the United States?. Invasive Plant Science and Management: October-December 2014, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 553-560.

Tribe Careae

Carum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Careae — Carum
Genus Carum Carum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Caraway,
Anise 		Introduced

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Aegopodium
Aegopodium podagraria
goutweed
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Careae — Aegopodium
Genus Aegopodium Goutweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Aegopodium podagraria L.
1827. Carum podagraria (L.) Roth
1889. Apium podagraria (L.) Caruel
1900. A. podagrariavar. variegatum
 Goutweed,
Bishop's goutweed,
Ground elder,
Snow-on-the-mountain
Égopode podagraire,
Herbe aux goutteux,
Podagraire 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 64%[1],
 iMapInvasives,
CP-3,[2] NE-2[3]
FAC-FACU
Perennial,
Herb-forb

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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Aegopodium podagraria: Moderate (64). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  3. ↑ Category 2 Plants - moderately invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service

Tribe Pimpinelleae

Pimpinella
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Pimpinelleae — Pimpinella
Genus Pimpinella Burnet-saxifrage N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. P. saxifraga L.
    
 Common burnet-saxifrage,
Solidstem burnet-saxifrage,
Burnet-saxifrage 		Introduced,
from Eurasia

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 (L.) Huds.
1753. P. saxifragavar. major
1762. P. major Huds.
1771. P. magna L.
 Hollowstem burnet saxifrage,
Hollow-stemmed burnet-saxifrage 		Introduced from
 Europe

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Tribe Coriandreae

Coriandrum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Coriandreae — Coriandrum
Genus Coriandrum Coriander N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Coriandrum sativum L.
1904. Selinum coriandrum Krause
    
 Coriander,
Cilantro,
Chinese parsley
Coriandre cultivée,
Coriandre cultivé,
Coriandre 		Introduced from
 Mediterranean,
Likely naturalized

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Tribe Apieae

Apium
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Apium
Genus Apium Celery N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Apium graveolens L.
1771. Seseli graveolens (L) Scop.
1788. Sium apium Roth
1805. Sium graveolens (L) Vest
1829. Seseli graveolens (L) Ledeb.
1900. Apium vulgare Bubani
1904. Selinum graveolens (L) Krause
1911. Apium integrilobum Hayata
1913. Celeri graveolens (L.) Britton
1916. Carum graveolens (L.) Koso-Pol.
 Celery,
Wild celery
Céleri 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized
FACW-FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb

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Anethum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Anethum
Genus Anethum Dill N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dill Introduced

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Foeniculum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Foeniculum
Genus Foeniculum Fennel N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Sweet fennel Introduced

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Levisticum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Levisticum
Genus Levisticum Levisticum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lovage Introduced

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Petroselinum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Apieae — Petroselinum
Genus Petroselinum Parsley N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Mill.) Fuss
1768. Apium crispum Mill.
1866. Petroselinum crispum Fuss
1879. P. crispum Nyman
1925. P. crispum Nyman ex A.W.Hill
 Parsley
Persil 		Introduced

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Tribe Tordylieae

This tribe contains the parsnips and cowparsnips. The only native member of the Tordylieae is Heracleum maximum. To varying degrees, skin contact with any of these species may cause phytophotodermatitis.
Heracleum
Heracleum mantegazzianum
giant hogweed
The Heracleum (cow-parsnip or hogweed) species found in New York include the native American cow-parsnip (H. maximum) and the introduced, highly invasive giant hogweed or giant cow-parsnip (H. mantegazzianum). Although the sap of all members of this genus may cause phytophotodermatitis, giant hogweed is by far the worst offender.
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Tordylieae
Genus Heracleum Cowparsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 W.Bartram
1791. Heracleum maximum W.Bartram
1803. H. lanatum Michx.
1828. H. montanum Schleich. ex Gaudin
1905. H. sphondylium  ssp. montanum  (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Briq.
1982. H. sphondylium  ssp. lanatum  (Michx.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
1988. H. sphondylium  var. lanatum  (Michx.) Dorn
Cow parsnip ⓘ
Cow-parsnip
Common cowparsnip ⓘ
American cow-parsnip ⓘ
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure
FACW-FAC
Perennial,
Herb-forb

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Sommier & Levier
 Giant hogweed,
Giant cow-parsnip 		Introduced,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 72%[1],
CP-3[2]

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ssp. sphondylium
 European cow parsnip,
Common hogweed,
Eltrot 		Introduced

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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Heracleum mantegazzianum: High (72). M.J.Jordan, G.Moore & T.W.Weldy (2008). Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Albany & Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY.
  2. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
Pastinaca
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Tordylieae
Genus Pastinaca Parsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Pastinaca sativa L.
    
    
 Wild parsnip,
Common parsnip
Panais sauvage,
Panais cultivé 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive
Biennial-perennial,
Herb-forb

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Note: IPA[1] WW
  1. ↑ Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States lists Pastinaca sativa invasive in MI, OH PA, TN, VA, WI

Tribe Selineae

Taenidia
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Taenidia
Genus Taenidia Yellow-pimpernel N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Drude
1753. Smyrnium integerrimum L.
1898. Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude
 Yellow pimpernel,
Yellow pimpernell,
Golden Alexander
Ténidia à feuilles entières,
Ténidie très entière 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

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Zizia
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Zizia
Genus Zizia Zizia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) W.D.J.Koch
1753. Smyrnium aureum L.
1818. Thaspium aureum (L.) Nutt.
1820. Sison aureum (L.) Spreng.
1824. Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J.Koch
1894. T. trifoliatum  var. aureum  (L.) Britton
 Common golden Alexanders,
Golden Zizia 		Native,
Secure
FAC,
Sun - part shade

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Zizia cordata
 Heartleaf golden Alexanders,
Meadow zizia 		Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
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Thaspium
Thaspium trifoliatum var. aureum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Thaspium
Genus Thaspium Meadow-parsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) Nutt.
1803. Ligusticum barbinode Michx.
1818. Thaspium barbinode Nutt.
1887. T. barbinodevar. angustifolium
1900. T. barbinodevar. chapmanii
1933. Thaspium chapmanii Small
 Hairyjoint meadowparsnip,
Hairy-jointed meadowparsnip 		Native,
Endangered

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Genus Thaspium  Meadow-parsnip N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) A.Gray
var. aureum (L.) Britton
1753. Smyrnium aureum L.
1818. Thaspium aureum Nutt
1894. T. trifoliatum  var. aureum  Britton
1918. T. trifoliatum  var. flavum  S.F.Blake
 Purple meadow-parsnip,
Smooth meadow-parsnip 		N.America native,
N.Y. excluded

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 (L.) A.Gray
var. trifoliatum
1856. Thaspium trifoliatum (L.) A.Gray
1887. T. aureum  var. trifoliatum  J.M.Coult. & Rose
Purple meadowparsnip ⓘ
Purple thaspium ⓘ
N.America native,
N.Y. excluded

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Angelica
Angelica atropurpurea L.
purple-stemmed angelica
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Angelica
Genus Angelica Angelica N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Purple-stemmed angelica,
Great angelica,
Purplestem angelica 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure

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Angelica villosa
 Hairy angelica,
Deadly angelica 		Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
Note:[1]

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Coelopleurum spp.
 Angelica,
Seacoast angelica,
Seaside angelica 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

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  1. ↑ New York Rare Plant Status Lists, November 2017: Changes Since the June 2010 Rare Plant Status Lists: Angelica venenosa: G5 S1
Ligusticum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Ligusticum
Genus Ligusticum Licorice-root N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
ssp. scoticum
 Scottish licorice-root Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
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Aethusa
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Aethusa
Genus Aethusa Aethusa N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Aethusa cynapium L.
    
    
 Fool's-parsley,
Poison parsley
Ethuse,
Petite ciguë 		Introduced from
 Eurasia
Annual,
Herb-forb

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Peucedanum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — Selineae — Peucedanum
Genus Peucedanum Masterwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) W.D.J.Koch
1753. Imperatoria ostruthia L.
1822. Imperatoria major Gray
1824. Peucedanum ostruthium W.D.J.Koch
 Masterwort Introduced

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Tribe (Conioselinum chinense clade)

Conioselinum
Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — (unplaced) — Conioselinum
Genus Conioselinum Hemlockparsley N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
1753. Athamanta chinense L.
1813. Cnidium chinense Spreng. ex Steud.
1888. Conioselinum chinense B.S.P.
1900. Conioselinum pacificum J.M.Coult. & Rose
 Chinese hemlock-parsley,
Eastern hemlockparsley,
Hemlock parsley 		Native,
Likely secure

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Tribe (Conium clade)

Conium
Conium maculatum
poison-hemlock
Poison-hemlock (Conium maculatum) was likely the source of the hemlock given to Socrates to drink as a penalty for corrupting the youth and refusing to recognize the gods that were recognized by the city-state of Athens. Plato claimed that Socrates' last words after drinking the poison were "Crito, we owe a cock to Asclepius. Do pay it. Don't forget." Asclepius was the god of medicine, who was killed by Zeus for bringing people back from the dead, or possibly for accepting payment for doing so.


Apiales — Apiaceae — Apioideae — (unplaced) — Conium
Genus Conium Poison hemlock N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Conium maculatum L.
1767. Coriandrum cicuta Crantz
1767. Cicuta officinalis Crantz
1768. Conium cicuta Neck.
1778. Cicuta major Lam.
1788. Coriandrum cicuta Roth
1788. Coriandrum maculatum (L.) Roth
1799. Conium maculosum Pall.
1806. Sium conium Vest
1904. Selinum conium (Vest) E.H.L. Krause
 Poison hemlock,
Deadly hemlock,
Poison parsley,
Fool's-parsley,
Spotted parsley,
Spotted-hemlock 		Introduced,
Widespread weed,
Toxic
Biennial,
Herb-forb

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←
Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae 		Flora of New York — Apiales →
Dipsacales
Table of
contents 		Genus
index 		Protected species index Invasive species index
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