Flora of New York/Poaceae 1
← Cyperaceae 3 |
Flora of New York — Poaceae 1: Panicoideae | → Poaceae 2 | |||
Table of contents |
Genus index |
Protected species index | Invasive species index | ||
The Poales...
According to the New York Flora Atlas, the New York population of Poaceae (the true gasses) contains 111 genera and 381 taxa.
Subfamily Panicoideae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Paniceae
[edit | edit source]Tribe Paniceae R.Br. (1814) contains 1498 species in 84 genera in 7 subtribes: Anthephorinae, Dichantheliinae, Boivinellinae, Neurachninae, Melinidinae, Panicinae, Cenchrinae.[1]
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Subtribe Anthephorinae
[edit | edit source]The Anthephorinae Benth. (1881).
Digitaria
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Digitaria Haller (1768) | Crabgrass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Schult.) Pilg. 1824. Panicum cognatum Schult.
1906. Leptoloma cognata (Schult.) Chase
1931. Digitaria cognata (Schult.) Pilg. |
Fall witchgrass ⓘ
Fall crabgrass ⓘ
Mountain hairgrass
Carolina crabgrass
Carolina cottontop
Diffuse crabgrass Digitaire d'automne
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Native, CoC: 2, Secure Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 NYFA: 14 counties iNat 2 counties |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Koeler var. filiformis 1753. Panicum filiforme L. 1802. Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koeler 1877. Paspalum filiforme (L.) Flüggé 1877. Paspalum furcatumvar. filiforme 1895. Syntherisma filiforme (L.) Nash |
Slender crabgrass | Native, CoC: 9, Endangered, S1 Annual, Graminoid |
8 counties NYFA: 1 iNat |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Scop. 1753. Panicum sanguinale L.
1771. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.
1867. Syntherisma sanguinale (L.) Dulac |
Northern crab grass, Hairy crabgrass, Large crabgrass, Purple crabgrass Digitaire sanguine, Panic sanguin, Digitaire commune, Digitaire pourpre, Panic pourpré, Sanguinelle, Sanguinette |
Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Potentially invasive, Naturalized FACU Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN CABI Images Wikispecies | |
(Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. 1804. Panicum ischaemum Schreb. 1805. Digitaria humifusa Pers. 1811. Panicum glabrum (Schrad.) Gaudin 1900. Syntherisma humifusum (Pers.) Rydb. 1817. D. ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl. |
Smooth crabgrass, Smooth crab grass, Small crabgrass, Smooth finger grass, Smooth summer grass Digitaire astringente, Digitaire couchée, Digitaire glabre, Digitaire ischème |
Introduced from Eurasia, Potentially invasive, Naturalized FACU-UPL Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN CABI Images Wikispecies | |
(Retz.) Koeler 1786. Panicum ciliare Retz. 1802. Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler 1806. Syntherisma ciliare (Retz.) Schrad. 1934. D. adscendens (Kunth) Henrard |
Southern crabgrass, Southern crab grass, Tropical finger-grass |
Introduced from Asia, Naturalized FAC-FACU Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-N0 Go Botany-0 ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP CABI Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Dichantheliinae
[edit | edit source]Subribe Dichantheliinae Zuloaga (2014) contains 66 species in 2 genera: Adenochloa, and Dichanthelium.[1]
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Dichanthelium
[edit | edit source]Dichanthelium (Hitchc. & Chase) Gould is a New-World grass genus. Before its publication in 1974, it was treated as a subgenus of Panicum. The sections and sequence used here are primarily from Freckmann & Lelong (2007).[1] About 30 distinct Dichanthelium taxa are listed in New York State.[2]
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Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Dichanthelium sect. Macrocarpa | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Schult.) Gould ssp. ashei (T.G.Pearson ex Ashe) Freckmann & Lelong 1898. Panicum ashei T.G.Pearson ex Ashe 1934. P. commutatumvar. ashei 2002. D. commutatumssp. ashei auct. P. commutatum Schult. (i) |
Ashe's rosette grass, Variable panicgrass, Ashe's variable rosette-panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS NWG NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Schult.) Gould ssp. commutatum 1824. Panicum commutatum Schult. 1974. D. commutatum Gould |
Variable rosette-grass, Variable witchgrass, Variable panicgrass, Variable rosette-panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 10, No recent reports, SH, G5-TNRO FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS NWG Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Harvill 1753. Panicum latifolium L. 1794. Milium latifolium (L.) Moench 1818. P. macrocarpon LeConte ex Torr. 1977. Dichanthelium latifolium (L.) Harvill 1978. D. latifolium (L.) Gould & C.A.Clark |
Broadleaf rosette grass, Broadleaved panicgrass, Broad-leaved witchgrass Panic à larges feuilles |
Native, CoC: 7, Likely secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
(A. Gray) Freckmann |
Slender rosette grass | Native, CoC: 8, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
(Vasey) Freckmann |
Leiberg's rosette grass | Native, CoC: 5, Endangered, NYNHP: 1[1] Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
(Poir.) Gould & C.A. Clark |
Bosc's panicgrass Panic de Bosc |
Native, CoC: 9, Unranked |
NYFA: U |
USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | |
Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina
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Genus Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Gould 1753. Panicum clandestinum L. 1974. D. clandestinum (L.) Gould |
Deer-tongue rosette grass, Deer-tongue witchgrass Panic Clandestin |
Native, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(Lam.) Gould 1798. Panicum scoparium Lam. 1974. D. scoparium (Lam.) Gould |
Velvet rosette grass, Broom panic grass, Velvet panicum |
Native, Endangered Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Dichanthelium sect. Clandestina (excluded taxa) |
Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark Panicum aculeatum Panicum scabriusculum Elliott 1979. D. scabriusculum (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark |
Tall swamp panicgrass, Woolly rosette grass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-N0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha
[edit | edit source]Genus Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Schult.) Gould ssp. scribnerianum (Nash) Freckmann & Lelong 1895. Panicum scribnerianum Nash 1934. P. oligosanthesvar. scribnerianum 1974. D. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould 1974. D. oligosanthesvar. scribnerianum 1981. D. oligosanthesvar. scribnerianum 2002. D. oligosanthesssp. scribnerianum |
Scribner's rosette grass, Scribner's panic grass, Scribner's witchgrass, Few-flowered rosette-panicgrass Panic de Scribner |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Dichanthelium sect. Oligosantha (excluded taxa) | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Schult.) Gould ssp. oligosanthes P. oligosanthesvar. oligosanthes P. oligosanthesssp. oligosanthes |
Heller's rosette grass, Heller's witchgrass, Few-flowered panicgrass, Few-anther panicgrass Panic à fleurs peu nombreuses |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
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Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa
[edit | edit source]Freckmann and Lelong (2003) treated most of the taxa in this section as subspecies of D. acuminatum and D. ovale. Thomas (2015) revised the section, treating most of the taxa as full species.[1]
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Genus Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa Long Ligule group | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Elliott) Gould 1816. Panicum lanuginosum Elliott 1824. P. dichotomumvar. fasciculatum 1934. P. lanuginosumvar. fasciculatum 1974. D. lanuginosum (Elliott) Gould 1981. D. acuminatumvar. fasciculatum 1981. P. acuminatumvar. fasciculatum 2002. D. acuminatumssp. fasciculatum |
Slender-stemmed rosette grass, Hairy panicgrass, Tapered rosette grass, Western panicgrass Panic laineux |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images | |
(Scribn.) Kerguélen 1898. Panicum implicatum Scribn. 1899. P. occidentale Scribn. 1901. P. unciphyllumvar. implicatum 1910. P. pacificum Hitchc. & Chase 1921. P. lindheimerivar. implicatum 1934. P. lanuginosumvar. implicatum 1978. D. acuminatumvar. implicatum 1979. D. implicatum (Scribn.) Kerguélen 1981. P. acuminatumvar. implicatum 2002. D. acuminatumssp. implicatum |
Tangled rosette grass, Matting rosette grass, Matting panicgrass, Matted panicgrass, Mat panicgrass Panic à touffe dense |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
Go Botany VASCAN NatureServe BONAP Images | |
(Nash) Gould 1897. Panicum lindheimeri Nash 1934. P. lanuginosumvar. lindheimeri 1974. Dichanthelium lindheimeri Gould 1977. D. lanuginosumvar. lindheimeri 1978. D. acuminatumvar. lindheimeri 1981. P. acuminatumvar. lindheimeri 2002. D. acuminatumssp. lindheimeri |
Lindheimer's rosette grass, Lindheimer's panicgrass Panic de Lindheimer |
Native, CoC: 8, Unranked FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Schult.) Freckmann 1824. Panicum spretum Schult. 1898. Panicum eatonii Nash 1981. D. spretum Freckmann 2002. D. acuminatumssp. spretum |
Spurned rosette grass, Eaton's rosette grass, Sand panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 10, Unranked FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Scribn.) Freckmann 1898. Panicum wrightianum Scribn. 1978. D. acuminatumvar. wrightianum 1978. D. acuminatumvar. longiligulatum 1981. D. wrightianum (Scribn.) Freckmann |
Wright's rosette grass, Wright's witchgrass |
Native, CoC: 10, Endangered FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 1-2 |
USDA-N0 NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa Short Ligule group | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Scribn.) Freckmann 1897. Panicum columbianum Scribn. 1898. Panicum tsugetorum Nash 1978. D. columbianum Freckmann 1978. D. sabulorumvar. thinium 1984. D. acuminatumvar. columbianum 2002. D. acuminatumssp. columbianum |
District of Columbia rosette grass, Columbia panicgrass, Hemlock rosette grass Panic du District de Columbia |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS NWG Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Ashe) Freckmann 1898. Panicum commonsianum Ashe 1978. D. ovalevar. addisonii 1978. D. commonsianum (Ashe) Freckmann 1984. P. ovalevar. pseudopubescens 2002. D. ovalessp. pseudopubescens auct. P. pseudopubescens Nash (i) |
Commons' rosette grass, Egg-leaved witchgrass |
Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable FAC Graminoid |
NYFA: 3? |
Images | |
(Nash) Freckmann 1896. Panicum villosissimum Nash 1978. D. villosissimum (Nash) Freckmann 2002. D. ovalessp. villosissimum |
White-haired rosette grass, White-hair witchgrass |
Native, CoC: 10, Vulnerable FAC |
NYFA: 3? |
NatureServe BONAP Images | |
Genus Dichanthelium sect. Lanuginosa (excluded taxa) | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Nash) Freckmann = Dichanthelium wrightianum 1899. Panicum longiligulatum Nash 1984. P. acuminatumvar. longiligulatum 1979. D. acuminatumvar. longiligulatum 1981. D. longiligulatum (Nash) Freckmann 2002. D. acuminatumssp. longiligulatum |
Coastal plain panicgrass | Native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark Panicum ovale Elliott D. ovale (Elliott) Gould & C.A.Clark |
Eggleaf rosette grass, Stiff-leaved rosette-panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
D. columbianum × implicatum Dichanthelium columbianum × Dichanthelium implicatum P. columbianum × implicatum |
Hybrid of D.C. panicgrass & tangled rosette grass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
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Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium
[edit | edit source][1]
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Genus Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Gould ssp. dichotomum 1753. Panicum dichotomum L. 1906. Panicum gravius Hitchc. & Chase 1974. D. dichotomum (L.) Gould |
Cypress panicgrass, Forked panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Nash) Freckmann 1895. Panicum boreale Nash 1978. Dichanthelium boreale Freckmann |
Northern witchgrass Panic Boreal |
Native, CoC: 5, Vulnerable FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 3 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS IPN Images Wikispecies | |
(Muhl. ex Elliott) Mohlenbr. Panicum nitidumvar. ramulosum D. dichotomumssp. microcarpon D. microcarpon Mohlenbr. |
Small-fruited panicgrass | Native, CoC: 7, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
Images Wikispecies | |
(Ashe) Mohlenbr. 1898. Panicum mattamuskeetense Ashe 1899. P. clutei Ashe 1937. P. mattamuskeetensevar. clutei 1985. D. mattamuskeetense (Ashe) Mohlenbr. 2002. D. dichotomum ssp. mattamuskeetense |
Mattamuskeet rosette grass, Mattamuskeet panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 10, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
USDA-NN Images Wikispecies | |
(Ashe) LeBlond 1898. Panicum annulum Ashe 2001. D. annulum (Ashe) LeBlond |
Ringed rosette grass | Native, CoC: 10, Unranked Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
USDA-NN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies Note: [1] | |
Genus Dichanthelium sect. Dichanthelium (excluded taxa) | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Gould ssp. roanokense (Ashe) Freckmann & Lelong P. dichotomumssp. roanokense |
Roanoke Witch Grass | N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
Dichanthelium sect. Sphaerocarpa
[edit | edit source]Round-fruited rosette grass.
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Genus Dichanthelium sect. Sphaerocarpa | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Elliot) Gould |
Round-fruited rosette grass ⓘ
Round-fruited panic grass
Roundseed panicgrass ⓘ
Round-fruited rosette-panic grass ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU |
NYFA: 4-5 |
USDA-NN POWO Go Botany LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
(Schult.) Mohlenbr. 1817. Panicum microcarpon Muhl. 1817. Panicum polyanthes Schult. 1894. P. microcarponvar. isophyllum 1978. D. sphaerocarponvar. isophyllum 1991. P. sphaerocarponvar. isophyllum |
Many-flowered rosette grass ⓘ
Roundseed panicgrass ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 10, Unranked, SNR, G5-T5 FACU, Graminoid |
Queens (1909), Richmond (1895, 1930), Suffolk (1936) NYFA: U |
USDA-N0 POWO NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Dichanthelium sect. Linearifolia
[edit | edit source]Genus Dichanthelium sect. Linearifolia | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Scribn.) Gould 1898. Panicum linearifolium Scribn. 1898. P. werneri Scribn. 1921. P. linearifoliumvar. werneri 1928. P. strictumvar. linearifolium 1974. D. linearifolium (Scribn.) Gould |
Linear-leaved rosette grass, Slim-leaved witchgrass, Slimleaf panicgrass, Slim-leaf rosette grass, Linear-leaved rosette-panicgrass, Low white-haired panicgrass Panic à feuilles linéaires |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure UPL Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ITIS Tropicos LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
(Muhl.) Gould 1817. Panicum depauperatum Muhl. 1974. D. depauperatum (Muhl.) Gould |
Poverty rosette grass, Starved witchgrass, Starved panicgrass |
Native, Secure Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Dichanthelium intersectional hybrids
[edit | edit source]Genus Dichanthelium (excluded taxa) | Rosette grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
D. acuminatum × dichotomum Dichanthelium acuminatum × Dichanthelium dichotomum P. acuminatum × dichotomum |
Hybrid of tapered rosette grass & cypress panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. depauperatum × dichotomum Dichanthelium depauperatum × Dichanthelium dichotomum P. depauperatum × dichotomum |
Hybrid of starved panicgrass & cypress panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. dichotomum × oligosanthes Dichanthelium dichotomum × Dichanthelium oligosanthes P. dichotomum × oligosanthes |
Hybrid of cypress panicgrass & Heller's rosette grass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. columbianum × dichotomum Dichanthelium columbianum × Dichanthelium dichotomum P. columbianum × dichotomum |
Hybrid of D.C. panicgrass & cypress panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. dichotomum × latifolium Dichanthelium dichotomum × Dichanthelium latifolium P. dichotomum × latifolium |
Hybrid of cypress panicgrass & Heller's rosette grass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. columbianum × depauperatum Dichanthelium columbianum × Dichanthelium depauperatum P. columbianum × depauperatum |
Hybrid of D.C. panicgrass & starved panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. columbianum × microcarpon Dichanthelium columbianum × Dichanthelium microcarpon P. columbianum × microcarpon |
Hybrid of D.C. panicgrass & small-fruited panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. implicatum × linearifolium Dichanthelium implicatum × Dichanthelium linearifolium P. implicatum × linearifolium |
Hybrid of tangled rosette grass & linear-leaved rosette grass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. implicatum × microcarpon Dichanthelium implicatum × Dichanthelium microcarpon P. implicatum × microcarpon |
Hybrid of tangled rosette grass & small-fruited panicgrass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
D. implicatum × oligosanthes Dichanthelium implicatum × Dichanthelium oligosanthes P. implicatum × oligosanthes |
Hybrid of tangled rosette grass & Heller's rosette grass |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Boivinellinae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Boivinellinae Pilg. (1940) worldwide contains 135 species in 15 genera: Acroceras, Alloteropsis, Amphicarpum, Cyphochlaena, Cyrtococcum, Echinochloa, Entolasia, Lasiacis, Mayariochloa, Morronea, Microcalamus, Oplismenus, Ottochloa, Parodiophyllochloa, Pseudechinolaena.[1]
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Amphicarpum
[edit | edit source]Maidencane in New York is represented only by the endangered annual peanut grass (Amphicarpum amphicarpon), which is found only in Suffolk County.
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Genus Amphicarpum | Maidencane | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Pursh) Nash (1894) 1813. Milium amphicarpon Pursh 1829. Amphicarpum purshii Kunth 1894. A. amphicarpon (Pursh) Nash |
Annual peanut grass, Blue maidencane, Pursh's blue maidencane |
Native, Endangered, NYNHP: 1[1] |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
Echinochloa
[edit | edit source]Echinochloa or barnyard grass.
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Genus Echinochloa | Cockspur grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(P. Beauv.) Fernald var. muricata 1803. Panicum muricatum Michx.
1812. Setaria muricata P.Beauv.
1816. Panicum pungens Poir.
1829. Oplismenus muricatus Kunth
1915. E. muricata (P. Beauv.) Fernald |
Long-awned American barnyard grass
Rough barnyard grass ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 1, Secure Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(P. Beauv.) Fernald var. microstachya Wiegand 1855. Panicum scindens Nees ex Steud.
1921. E. muricata var. microstachya Wiegand
1921. E. muricata var. multiflora Wiegand
1931. E. microstachya (Wiegand) Rydb.
1935. E. pungens var. microstachya (Wiegand) Fernald & Griscom
1935. E. pungens var. multiflora (Wiegand) Fernald & Griscom
1949. E. pungens var. wiegandii Fassett
1954. E. crus-galli var. microstachya (Wiegand) Shinners
1976. E. wiegandii (Fassett) McNeill & Dore
1993. E. muricata ssp. microstachya (Wiegand) Jauzein |
Short-awned American barnyard grass
Rough barnyard grass ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 1, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Pursh) Heller |
Walter's barnyard grass, Coast cockspur grass, Coast barnyard grass |
Native, CoC: 7, Secure |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) P.Beauv. |
Eurasian barnyard grass ⓘ
Cockspur ⓘ
Japanese millet ⓘ
Watergrass ⓘ
Large barnyard grass ⓘ
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Introduced, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: [1], Naturalized |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-XW Images Wikispecies | |
(A. Braun) H. Scholz E. frumentacea misapplied
E. esculenta (A.Braun) H.Scholz |
Japanese millet
Japanese barnyard millet
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Introduced, Potentially weedy, Naturalized |
NYFA: Xn GBIF |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
Link 1827. Echinochloa frumentacea Link
1885. Panicum crus-galli var. frumentaceum (Roxb.) Trimen
1909. Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea (Link) W. Wight
1920. Echinochloa crus-galli var. edulis Hitchc.
1930. Echinochloa crus-galli ssp. edulis (Hitchc.) Honda |
White millet ⓘ
Billion dollar grass ⓘ
Indian barnyard millet
Sawa millet |
Introduced from southeast Asia, Not naturalized, Cultivated Annual, Graminoid |
excluded NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
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Oplismenus
[edit | edit source]Wavyleaf basketgrass, a southeastern native, has not been reported to have naturalized north of Maryland, but it is listed in the New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment, which ranks it as highly invasive.
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Genus Oplismenus | Basketgrass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | 1 NPT |
(L.) P.Beauv. 1759. Panicum hirtellum L. 1791. Panicum setarium Lam. 1810. Oplismenus africanus P.Beauv. 1812. Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P.Beauv. |
Basketgrass | Introduced from southeast US, Potentially invasive, Not likely in NY |
NYFA: 0 counties NYFA: 0 iNat |
USDA-M0 ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
(Ard.) Roem. & Schult. 1764. Panicum undulatifolium Ard.
1812. Oplismenus undulatifolius (Ard.) Roem. & Schult.
1981. Oplismenus hirtellus ssp. undulatifolius (Ard.) U.Scholz |
Wavyleaf basketgrass ⓘ
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Introduced from southeast US, Highly invasive, NYIS: 70%[1], Not likely in NY, Prohibited[2] |
NYFA: 0 counties NYFA: 0 iNat |
USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Melinidinae
[edit | edit source]The Melinidinae Pilg. (1940).
Eriochloa
[edit | edit source]Genus Eriochloa | Cup grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(J. Presl) Kunth var. acuminata 1830. Piptatherum acuminatum J. Presl 1833. Eriochloa acuminata (J.Presl) Kunth 1840. Helopus acuminatus (J.Presl) Steud. 1933. E. gracilis (E.Fourn.) Hitchc. 1950. E. lemmoniivar. gracilis |
Southwestern cup grass, Tapertip cupgrass |
Introduced, US South native, Impersistent FACW-FAC Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xm |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Eriochloa (excluded taxa) | Cup grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Hitchc. 1861. Helopus mollis Müll. Hal. 1928. Eriochloa contracta Hitchc |
Prairie cupgrass | N. America native, N.Y. excluded FAC-FACU Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NX ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Panicinae
[edit | edit source]The Panicinae Fr. (1835).
Panicum
[edit | edit source]Panicum sect. Panicum
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Panicum sect. Panicum | Panic grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. ssp. capillare 1753. Panicum capillare L. 1895. P. capillarevar. occidentale 1900. P. barbipulvinatum Nash |
Common witch grass, Old witch panic-grass Panic capillaire |
Native, CoC: 0, Secure FAC-FACU Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Bernh. ex Trin. ssp. philadelphicum 1826. P. philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. |
Philadelphia witch grass, Philadelphia witchgrass, Philadelphia panic grass, Wood witchgrass Panic de Philadelphie |
Native, CoC: 5, Secure Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Bernh. ex Trin. ssp. gattingeri (Nash) Freckmann & Lelong 1903. Panicum gattingeri Nash 2002. P. philadelphicumssp. gattingeri 1887. P. capillarevar. campestre |
Gattinger's witch grass, Gattinger panic grass |
Native, CoC: 5, Secure FAC Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Fernald 1919. Panicum tuckermanii Fernald 1939. P. philadelphicum var. tuckermanii |
Tuckerman's witch grass, Tuckerman's panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 5, Unranked FAC Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
USDA-N Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
Wiry panicgrass, Stiff witchgrass |
Native, Rare Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: 3 |
USDA-NN ITIS Images Wikispecies | ||
L. ssp. miliaceum |
Proso millet, Hog millet, Broom millet, Broomcorn millet, Panic millet |
Introduced, Potentially invasive, Invasive.org: [2] |
NYFA: Xm GBIF |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
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Panicum sect. Dichotomiflora
[edit | edit source]Genus Panicum sect. Dichotomiflora | Panic grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. var. dichotomiflorum 1803. Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. 1936. P. dichotomiflorumvar. geniculatum |
Smooth panicgrass, Fall panicgrass, Fall panicum, Western witchgrass Panic d'automne, Panic à fleurs dichotomes, Panic d'automne dressé |
Native, CoC: 1, Secure FACW Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. var. puritanorum Svenson 1920. P. dichotomiflorumvar. puritanorum 2002. P. dichotomiflorumssp. puritanorum |
Shoreline panic grass, Spreading panic-grass, Puritan panicgrass, Fall panicum Panic des Puritains |
Native, CoC: 10, Unranked FACW Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: U |
USDA-NX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Panicum sect. Virgata
[edit | edit source]The New York population of section Virgata consists primarily of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) along with some dune panicgrass (Panicum amarum) near the Atlantic coast.
Switchgrass is a warm-season native of eastern and central North America. It is available in many different agricultural, horticultural, and conservation cultivars, not all of which are appropriate for New York State conditions. An example of an appropriate cultivar for conservation purposes in New York is 'Shelter' switchgrass, which is a northeastern ecotype from West Virginia, released in 1978 from the USDA's Big Flats site.[1] Before European settlement, northeastern switchgrass was restricted to a narrow coastal band. Recent studies have found that adjacent inland switchgrass populations contain a significant majority of individuals from outside the Northeast.[2] The range of dune panicgrass or bitter panicgrass lies mostly on the Atlantic coast from southern New England to Mexico. It is primarily used for erosion control on coastal dunes. Both the New York native var. amarum and the more southern var. amrulum are planted for erosion control in New York.
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Genus Panicum sect. Virgata | Panic grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. 1753. Panicum virgatum L. 1866. Panicum virgatumvar. cubense 1871. Panicum virgatumvar. obtusum 1922. Panicum virgatumvar. spissum |
Switchgrass, Switch grass, Switch panicgrass, Old switch panic grass, Wand panicgrass Panic raide, Panic dressé, Panic érigé, Panic vierge |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Elliott var. amarum 1816. Panicum amarum Elliott |
Dune panicgrass, Bitter panicgrass, Smaller seabeach grass |
Native, CoC: 8, Vulnerable FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 3 |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Elliott var. amarulum 1910. Panicum amarulum Hitchc. & Chase 1975. Panicum amarumvar. amarulum 2002. Panicum amarumssp. amarulum |
Tall dune panic grass, Coastal panicgrass, Taller seabeach grass |
Introduced, N. America native Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: X |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Kellochloa
[edit | edit source]Kellochloa Lizarazu, M.V.Nicola & Scataglini was published in 2015, replacing Panicum sect. Verrucosa Hitchc. & Chase ex C.C.Hsu.
Warty panic grass (Kellochloa verrucosa) is the only one of the two Kellochloa species found in New York, and it has only been found on Long Island and New York City. The other species of this genus (Kellochloa brachyantha, prairie panic grass) is limited to the southern US. |
Genus Kellochloa | Panic grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Muhl.) Lizarazu, Nicola & Scataglini 1816. Panicum debile Elliott
1817. Panicum verrucosum Muhl.
1824. Panicum umbraculum Bosc ex Spreng.
2015. Kellochloa verrucosa (Muhl.) in… |
Warty panicgrass | Native, CoC: 10, Secure, S5 FACW Annual, Graminoid |
Kings (1898), Nassau (1898-1921), Queens (1936), Richmond, Suffolk (1987-93) NYFA: 5 iNat |
USDA-N0 POWO ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Cenchrinae
[edit | edit source]The Cenchrinae Dumort (1829).
Cenchrus
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Cenchrus | Sand bur | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Hack.) Fernald 1788. Cenchrus carolinianus Walter 1903. C. echinatusfo. longispina Hack. 1915. Nastus carolinianus (Walter) Lunell 1943. Cenchrus longispinus Fernald 1949. Cenchrus pauciflorus var. longispinus Jansen & Wacht. |
Long-spine sandbur, Mat sandbur |
Native, Secure |
~32 counties NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. 1753. Cenchrus tribuloides L. 1824. C. echinatusvar. tribuloides Torr. 1877. C. tribuloidesvar. macrocephalus Döll 1899. C. macrocephalus (Döll) Scribn. |
Dune sandbur, Sanddune sandbur, Long-spine sandbur |
Native, Threatened |
8 counties NYFA: 2 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Thunb. 1753. Alopecurus hordeiformis L.
1753. Panicum alopecuroides L.
1794. Cenchrus alopecuroides (L.) Thunb.
1794. Cenchrus purpurascens Thunb.
1810. Pennisetum compressum R.Br.
1821. Pennisetum japonicum Trin. ex Spreng.
1824. Pennisetum alopecuroides Spreng.
1824. Pennisetum hordeiforme (Thunb.) Spreng.
1830. Cenchrus alopecuroides J.Presl*
1826. Penicillaria alopecuroides Sweet
2010. Cenchrus compressus Morrone |
Foxtail fountain grass
Chinese fountaingrass
Chinese millet grass
Chinese pennisetum ⓘ
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Introduced, Potentially invasive, NYIS Tier: Buffer, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: [3], Naturalized |
Nassau (1931) Suffolk (1999) NYFA: X iNat |
USDA-X0 ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
Roxb. Cenchrus barbatus Schumach.
Cenchrus catharticus Delile |
India sandburr
Indian sandburr
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Introduced, Impersistent, Not naturalized, SNA |
Westchester (1898) NYFA: Xm |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
Cav. Cenchrus spinifex Cav.
Cenchrus incertus M.A. Curtis. |
Coastal sandbur
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Introduced, Not naturalized, SNA |
Bronx (1899, 1901) NYFA: X |
Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Cenchrus (excluded taxa) | Sand bur | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Morrone 1753. Panicum americanum L. 1753. Panicum glaucum L. 1810. Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. 1812. Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv. 1907. Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke 2010. Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone |
American fountaingrass, Pearl millet |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded, [1] |
excluded NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
L. Cenchrus ciliaris L
Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link |
Buffelgrass, Buffel-grass |
Introduced, N.Y. excluded |
excluded NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
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Setaria
[edit | edit source]Although the vulnerable native grass Setaria parviflora is present in southern parts of the state, several common weedy species of introduced Setaria species are present throughout New York State.
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Genus Setaria P.Beauv. (1812) | Foxtail / bristle grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Poir.) Kerguélen 1798. Panicum geniculatum Poir. 1987. Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen auct. S. geniculata non (Wild.) P.Beauv. |
Knotroot foxtail ⓘ
Knotroot bristlegrass ⓘ
Marsh bristlegrass ⓘ
Bristly foxtail
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Native, CoC: 8, Unranked, (Vulnerable?), SNR, G5 FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 3? NYFA: 12 counties iNat Suffolk (2020-21) |
USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
R.A.W.Herrm. 1910. Setaria faberi R.A.W.Herrm. |
Giant foxtail, Japanese bristlegrass |
Introduced, Widespread weed FACU-UPL Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn iNat |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) P.Beauv. var. viridis |
Green foxtail, Green bristle grass, Green bristlegrass |
Introduced, Widespread weed Annual, Graminoid |
54 counties NYFA: Xn iNat |
USDA-XX Go Botany Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) P.Beauv. var. major Gray |
Giant green foxtail | Introduced, Unk. naturalization, Graminoid |
Albany (1948) NYFA: Xun iNat |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
(Poir.) Roem. & Schult. ssp. pumila1782. Panicum helvolum L.f.
1816. Panicum pumilum Poir.
1817. Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.
1817. Setaria helvola (L.f.) Roem. & Schult. |
Yellow bristlegrass | Introduced, Widespread weed Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Foxtail millet, Italian foxtail |
Introduced, Naturalized FACU Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-Xw Go Botany Images Wikispecies | ||
(L.) P. Beauv. 1812. Setaria verticillata (L.) P.Beauv. |
Bristly bristle grass, Bristly foxtail |
Introduced, Graminoid |
NYFA: Xn |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Dumort. 1827. Setaria verticilliformis Dunart. |
Barbed bristlegrass | Introduced Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: X |
USDA-X0 Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Paspaleae
[edit | edit source]The Paspaleae J.Presl (1830)
Subtribe Paspalinae
[edit | edit source]The Paspalinae Griseb. (1846)
Paspalum
[edit | edit source]
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Genus Paspalum | Crown grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. var. muhlenbergii P. pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. P. muhlenbergii Nash P. ciliatifoliumvar. muhlenbergii P. pubescensvar. muhlenbergii |
Hurrah bead grass ⓘ
Thin paspalum
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Native, CoC: 1, Secure, S5 FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
22 counties NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN[1] Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. var. setaceum P. debile Michx. P. dissectum Walter P. dolichopus Trin. ex Steud. P. dubium DC. |
Thin beadgrass ⓘ
Slender beadgrass
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Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, S2, G5-T5 FACU, Graminoid |
Bronx, Nassau, Richmond, Suffolk (1938, 1991), Westchester NYFA: 2 |
USDA-NN[1] Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. var. psammophilum P. psammophilum Nash ex Hitchc. P. prostratum Nash |
Sand bead grass ⓘ
Lens grass
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Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, G5-T4?, Graminoid |
Bronx, Nassau (1907), Queens, Richmond, Suffolk (1886-1929), Westchester NYFA: 1 |
USDA-NN[1] Go Botany ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. 1803. Paspalum laeve Michx.
Paspalum circulare Nash
Paspalum laeve var. circulare (Nash) Fernald
Paspalum laeve var. pilosum Scribn.
Paspalum longipilum Nash
Paspalum plenipilum Nash |
Field bead grass ⓘ
Field paspalum
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Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S2, G4-5 FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Paspalum (excluded taxa) | Crown grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Michx. var. stramineum P. separatum Shinners P. bushii Nash P. stramineum Nash |
Thin paspalum | N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN[1] ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
Michx. var. ciliatifolium (Michx.) Vasey 1892. P. setaceumvar. ciliatifolium |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | ||
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |||
Introduced, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
Images Wikispecies | |||
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Subtribe Arthropogoninae
[edit | edit source]Coleataenia
[edit | edit source]Genus Coleataenia | Panic grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Nash) LeBlond 1814. Panicum elongatum Pursh 1901. Panicum stipitatum Nash 1984. Panicum rigidulumvar. elongatum 2010. Sorengia longifoliassp. elongata 2010. C. longifoliassp. elongata 2011. Coleataenia stipitata LeBlond |
Redtop panicum, Red-topped panicgrass |
Native, Endangered, No recent reports |
NYFA: Z |
USDA-N0 NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Michx.) Soreng ssp. anceps 1803. Panicum anceps Michx. 1809. Panicum rostratum Muhl. ex Willd. 1810. Agrostis nutans Poir. 2010. Sorengia ancepsssp. anceps superfl. 2010. Coleataenia ancepsssp. anceps |
Beaked panic grass, Panic grass |
Native, Likely extirpated |
NYFA: Z |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Torr.) Soreng ssp. longifolia 1889. Panicum ancepsvar. pubescens 1934. P. longifoliumvar. pubescens 1984. P. rigidulumvar. pubescens 2002. P. rigidulumssp. pubescens 2010. Sorengia longifoliassp. longifolia 2010. Coleataenia longifoliassp. longifolia |
Longleaf panicgrass, Redtop panicum, Red-topped panicgrass |
Native, Unranked |
NYFA: U |
Images Wikispecies | |
(Bosc ex Nees) LeBlond ssp. rigidula 1829. Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees 2010. Sorengia longifolia ssp. rigidula Zuloaga & Morrone 2010. C. longifoliassp. rigidula Soreng 2011. C. rigidula (Bosc ex Nees) LeBlond [1] |
Red-topped panic grass, Redtop panicgrass |
Native, CoC: 7, Unranked |
NYFA: U |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Andropogoneae
[edit | edit source]The Andropogoneae (sorghum tribe) contains the widely-cultivated non-native cereal crops, corn and sorghum. It also contains the native bluestems, Indiangrass, and gama grass, as well as a few alien invasive grasses, such as Chinese silvergrass (eulalia) and Japanese stiltgrass.
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Subtribe Arthraxoninae
[edit | edit source]Arthraxon
[edit | edit source]Small carpetgrass is a widespread invasive grass in the southeastern U.S., but in New York State, it has been found mainly in the vicinity of New York City and lower Hudson.
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Genus Arthraxon | Carpetgrass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Thunb.) Makino var. hispidus 1784. Phalaris hispida Thunb. 1812. Arthraxon ciliaris P.Beauv. 1889. A. ciliarisvar. cryptatherus 1912. A. hispidus (Thunb.) Makino 1925. A. hispidusvar. cryptatherus 1930. A. hispidusvar. ciliaris |
Small carpetgrass, Small carpet grass, Small carp grass, Jointhead, Jointhead grass, Hairy-joint grass |
Introduced from Asia, Australia, Highly invasive, NYIS: 76%[1], Prohibited[2], NE-4[3] FACW-FAC Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: X NYFA: 3 counties Greene (2020) |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN BBG Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Tripsacinae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Tripsacinae Dumort. (1829) contains the genera Tripsacum and Zea.[1]
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Tripsacum
[edit | edit source]Genus Tripsacum | Gama grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) L. var. dactyloides 1753. Coix dactyloides L. 1759. Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. 1883. T. dactyloidesvar. genuinum 1898. Dactylodes dactylodes (L.) Kuntze 1906. T. dactyloidesssp. dactyloides |
Eastern gama grass, Northern gama grass, Fakahatchee Grass |
Native, CoC: 5, Threatened FACW-FAC Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 2 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN NWG Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Zea
[edit | edit source]Genus Zea | Corn | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | n NPT |
L. ssp. mays |
Corn, Maize |
Introduced | NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Rottboelliinae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Rottboelliinae J. Presl (1830) [syn. Coicinae Clayton & Renvoize (1981)] worldwide contains about 13 species of Asian and Australian grasses in the genera Chasmopodium, Coix, and Rottboellia.[1][2]
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Coix
[edit | edit source]No Coix species are known to naturalize in New York State, but Job's-tears (Coix lachryma-jobi) specimens have been collected from the Bronx.
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Genus Coix | Job's-tears | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
L. |
Job's-tears | Introduced, Impersistent, Not Naturalized Annual, Herb-forb |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Apludinae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Apludinae Hook.f. (1896) contains the seven genera Apluda, Asthenochloa, Eulalia, Homozeugos, Polytrias, Sorghastrum, and Trachypogon, with a total of about 68 species.[1] Its only New York genus, Sorghastrum, was previously included in the subtribe Sorghinae.
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Sorghastrum
[edit | edit source]The approximately 20 Sorghastrum species are native to various parts of North America, South America, and Africa. Of these, only Sorghastrum nutans (Yellow Indiangrass) is native to New York. No non-native Sorghastrum species have been known to naturalize in New York.
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Genus Sorghastrum | Indian grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Nash 1753. Andropogon nutans L. |
Indiangrass Yellow Indiangrass Yellow prairie grass |
Native, CoC: 6, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP LBJ Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Sorghinae
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Sorghinae Bluff, Nees & Schauer ex Clayton & Renvoize (1986), which contains genera Cleistachne, Lasiorhachis, Sarga, and Sorghum, which in New York contains the naturalized Eurasian Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense). This subtribe previously conatined the native yellow Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans), which has been transferred to subtribe Apludinae.[1]
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Sorghum
[edit | edit source]Genus Sorghum sect. Sorghum | Sorghum | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Pers. 1753. Holcus halepensis L. 1805. Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. 1916. Holcus sorghumvar. exiguus |
Johnsongrass, Johnson grass, Aleppo grass Sorgho d'Alep, Herbe d'Alep |
Introduced from Mediterranean, Asia, Moderately invasive, Naturalized FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Moench ssp. bicolor 1753. Holcus sorghum L. 1771. Holcus bicolor L. 1794. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench 1805. Sorghum vulgare Pers. |
Sorghum, Broomcorn, Broom-corn, Grain sorghum, Chicken corn, Shattercane, Wild cane |
Introduced from Africa, Potentially invasive, Not naturalized UPL Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
(L.) Moench ssp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse 1903. Sorghum drummondii in…
1916. Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense (Piper) Hitchc.
1917. Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf
1933. Sorghum vulgare var. drummondii (Steud.) Hitchc.
1973. Sorghum bicolor var. drummondii (Steud.) Mohlenbr.
1993. Sorghum bicolor ssp. drummondii (Steud.) de Wet ex Davidse |
Sudan grass ⓘ
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Introduced, Not naturalized |
NYFA: Xm NYFA: 4 counties xx counties |
ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Andropogoninae
[edit | edit source]Andropogoninae J. Presl (1830) worldwide contains Anadelphia , Andropogon (syn. Hypogynium), Bhidea, Diectomis, Diheteropogon, Elymandra, Exotheca , Hyparrhenia, Hyperthelia, Monocymbium and Schizachyrium.[1][2]
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Andropogon
[edit | edit source]Andropogon contains several bluestem grasses that are native to New York. The most prevalent is Andropogon gerardii, or big bluestem, which is a key component of North America's tallgrass prairies.
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Genus Andropogon | Bluestem | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Vitman 1785. A. provincialis Lam. (i) 1792. A. gerardi Vitman 1806. A. furcatus Muhl. ex Willd. |
Big bluestem, Tall bluestem, Bluejoint, Turkeyfoot Barbon de Gérard, Barbon à épis digités, Barbon fourchu |
Native, CoC: 8, Secure FAC-FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
L. var. virginicus |
Broomsedge bluestem ⓘ
Broom sedge bluestem ⓘ
Yellow bluestem ⓘ Barbon de Virginie ⓘ
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Native, CoC: 4, Likely secure |
NYFA: 4 |
USDA-NN VASCAN Images Wikispecies | |
(Walter) Britton et al. var. glomeratus 1788. Cinna glomerata Walter
1888. A. glomeratus (Walter) Britton et al. |
Bushy bluestem ⓘ
Bushy beard grass ⓘ |
Native, CoC: 8, Threatened |
NYFA: 2? |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
Genus Andropogon (excluded taxa) | Bluestem | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Hack. 1884. A. hallii Hack. 1884. A. halliivar. incanescens 1901. A. paucipilus Nash 1943. A. gerardivar. chrysocomus 1943. A. gerardivar. paucipilus 1967. A. gerardivar. incanescens 1997. A. gerardissp. hallii |
Sand bluestem, Turkeyfoot |
N. America native, N.Y. excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-NN ARS-GRIN IPN Images Wikispecies | |
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Schizachyrium
[edit | edit source]Genus Schizachyrium | Bluestems | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Michx.) Nash var. scoparium 1803. Andropogon scoparius Michx. 1898. A. neomexicanus Nash 1903. S. scoparium Nash |
Little bluestem, Small bluestem, Broom bluestem, Broom beardgrass Barbon à balais, Schizachyrium à balais |
Native, CoC: 4, Secure FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 5 |
USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
(Nash) E.P.Bicknell 1901. Andropogon littoralis Nash 1906. A. scopariusvar. littoralis 1908. S. littorale (Nash) E.P.Bicknell 1935. A. scopariusvar. ducis 1967. S. scopariumvar. littorale 1996. S. scopariumssp. littorale |
Dune bluestem, Shore bluestem, Shore little bluestem, Seaside bluestem Barbon des rivages |
Native, CoC: 8, Vulnerable |
NYFA: 3? |
USDA-N0 Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Subtribe Saccharinae
[edit | edit source]Members of the Saccharinae have some of the largest known biomass productivity levels and are relatively drought resistent.[1]
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Microstegium
[edit | edit source]Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) is listed as very highly invasive in New York State.
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Genus Microstegium | Browntop | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Trin.) A.Camus 1834. Andropogon vimineus Trin. 1855. Pollinia imberbis Nees ex Steud. 1891. Eulalia viminea (Trin.) Kuntze 1891. Eulalia vimineavar. imberbis 1891. Eulalia vimineavar. variabilis 1921. M. vimineum (Trin.) A.Camus 1930. M. vimineumvar. imberbe 1961. M. imberbe (Nees ex Steud.) Tzvelev |
Japanese stiltgrass, Japanese stilt-grass, Nepalese browntop |
Introduced from Asia, Very highly invasive, NYIS: 85%[1], CP-2[2] NE-1[3] FAC Annual, Graminoid |
NYFA: X iNat |
USDA-XX Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
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Miscanthus
[edit | edit source]Miscanthus (silvergrass) includes two ornamental Asian grasses that are found in New York. Of these, Miscanthus sinensis is listed as highly invasive in the state.
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Genus Miscanthus | Silvergrass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
Andersson 1794. Saccharum japonicum Thunb. 1812. Erianthus japonicus P.Beauv. 1820. Ripidium japonicum Trin. 1832. Eulalia japonica Trin. 1855. Miscanthus japonicus Andersson 1856. Miscanthus sinensis Andersson |
Eulalia ⓘ
Chinese silvergrass ⓘ
Miscanthus ⓘ
Eulalia grass
Zebra grass
Japanese pampas grass Miscanthus de Chine ⓘ
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Introduced from eastern Asia, Highly invasive, NYIS: 78%[1], CP-5[2] FACU-UPL Perennial, Graminoid |
Bronx, Nassau, Otsego (2010), Queens (1921), Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk (1989, 2005), Tompkins (2010) NYFA: X |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies | |
(Maxim.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Franch. 1859. Imperata sacchariflora Maxim. 1881. Miscanthus saccharifer Benth., inval. 1884. Miscanthus saccariflorus Hack. |
Japanese silver grass, Amur silver-grass, Silver plume grass, Silver banner grass Miscanthus commun |
Introduced from eastern Asia, Moderately invasive, NYIS Tier: Untiered, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: [4], Naturalized |
Oneida, St. Lawrence (2008) NYFA: X GBIF |
USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Tripidium
[edit | edit source]Ravenna grass has been observed outside of cultivation on Randall's Island[1] and Port Jefferson Station.[2]
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Genus Tripidium | Sugar cane | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) H.Scholz 1763. Andropogon ravennae L.
1774. Saccharum ravennae (L.) L.
2006. Tripidium ravennae (L.) H.Scholz |
Ravenna grass ⓘ
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Introduced from southern Europe, Potentially invasive, iMapInvasives, Invasive.org: [5] |
NYFA: Not listed GBIF 2 counties |
POWO Images Wikispecies | |
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Saccharum
[edit | edit source]Saccharum giganteum has been excluded from the New York Flora Atlas, but Tripidium ravennae (above) has previously been placed in Saccharum and has been recently been observed in in southeastern New York.
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Genus Saccharum | Sugar cane | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(Walter) Pers. 1788. Anthoxanthum giganteum Walter
1805. Saccharum giganteum (Walter) Pers.
1812. Erianthus giganteus (Walter) P.Beauv.
1895. Erianthus compactus Nash
1950. Erianthus giganteus var. compactus (Nash) Fernald & B.G.Schub. |
Sugarcane plumegrass | Introduced from southern US, US South native, Excluded |
NYFA-Excluded |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies | |
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Imperata
[edit | edit source]Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) has not been confirmed as having naturalized in New York, but it has caused a major economic and environmental impact in the Southeast.[1] It is included here because the New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment shows that it may be able to naturalize on Long Island based on the conditions there.[2] The New York Flora Atlas does not list Imperata cylindrica. NRCS and BONAP both show it no farther north than Virginia in the East, but it is shown in northern Oregon in the West.
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Genus Imperata Cirillo (1792) | Cogongrass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Raeusch. 1759. Lagurus cylindricus L.
1785. Saccharum cylindricum (L.) Lam.
1788. Saccharum koenigii Retz.
1792. Imperata arundinacea Cirillo
1797. Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch.
1812. Imperata cylindrica (L.) P.Beauv.
1812. Imperata koenigii P.Beauv. |
Cogongrass
Blady grass
Cotton-wool grass
Japanese blood grass
Alang-alang ⓘ Impérate
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Introduced from Asia, Potentially invasive, Not listed in NY, NYIS: 79%[1] FACU Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 0 iNat GBIF |
USDA-X0 WFO POWO ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies | |
Subtribe Anthistiriinae
[edit | edit source]Bothriochloa
[edit | edit source]Genus Bothriochloa | Beard grass | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) Keng var. ischaemum 1753. Andropogon ischaemum L.
1936. Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng |
Broom sedge ⓘ
Yellow bluestem ⓘ
Turkestan bluestem ⓘ
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Introduced from Eurasia, Impersistent |
NYFA: Xm |
USDA-XX ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies | |
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Tribe Chasmanthieae
[edit | edit source]Chasmanthium
[edit | edit source]Woodoats (genus Chasmanthium) contains about five North American species (C. latifolium, C. laxum, C. nitidum, C. ornithorhynchum, and C. sessiliflorum). Of these, only Chasmanthium laxum (slender spikegrass) is listed as native to New York State. However, it is listed as Endangered in New York, where it has been collected only from Nassau, Richmond, and Suffolk counties.[1]
Chasmanthium latifolium (northern wood-oats) is not considered native north of Pennsylvania, but it is commonly sold by native plant vendors in New York. |
Genus Chasmanthium | Wood oats | N.Y. Status | Images | Distribution | NY NPT |
(L.) H.O.Yates 1753. Holcus laxus L. 1803. Uniola gracilis Michx. 1808. Uniola sessiliflora Poir. 1827. Chasmanthium gracile (Michx.) Link 1888. Uniola laxa (L.) Britton, Sterns & Pog. 1966. Chasmanthium laxum (L.) H.O.Yates |
Slender woodoats, Slender spikegrass |
Native, Endangered, NYNHP: 1[1] |
NYFA: 1 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies | |
(Michx.) H.O.Yates 1803. Uniola latifolia Michx. 1966. Chasmanthium latifolium H.O.Yates |
Indian woodoats, Broadleaf chasmanthium, Broadleaf uniola, Creek oats, Wild oats, Northern sea oats |
Introduced from PA-FL-TX-KS, US South native, Cultivated Perennial, Graminoid |
NYFA: 0 |
USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies | |