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Flora of New York/Orchidaceae

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Dioscoreales & Liliales
Flora of New York — Asparagales (1)
Orchidaceae

Asparagales (2)
Hypoxidaceae, Iridaceae, Asphodelaceae
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


Superorder Order Family Subfamily Tribe Genus Common names #
lilioid
monocots
Dioscoreales Nartheciaceae Aletris colic root 1
Narthecium asphodel x
Dioscoreaceae Dioscoreoideae Dioscorea yam 2
Liliales Colchicaceae Uvularieae Uvularia bellwort 4
Colchiceae Colchium autumn crocus x
Melanthiaceae Melanthieae Melanthium bunchflower 2
Veratrum false hellebore 1
Anticlea death camas 1
Amianthium fly poison 1
Stenanthium featherbells 6
Heloniadeae Helonias swamp pink 1
Chionographideae Chamaelirium fairywand, devil's bit 1
Parideae Trillium trillium, wake-robin 7
Smilacaceae Smilax greenbrier 7
Liliaceae Calochortoideae Streptopus twisted stalk 2
Prosartes fairy bells 1
Medeoloideae Clintonia bluebead 1
Medeola Indian cucumber 2
Lilioideae Tulipeae Tulipa wild tulip 1
Lilieae Erythronium trout lily 2
Lilium lily 6
Asparagales Orchidaceae Vanilloideae Pogonieae Pogonia snakemouth orchid 3
Isotria fiveleaf orchid 3
Cypripedioideae Cypripedium lady's slipper 7
Epidendroideae Neottieae Epipactis helleborine 2
Neottia twayblade 4
Triphoreae Triphora noddingcaps 1
Arethuseae Arethusa dragon's mouth 2
Malaxideae Liparis widelip-orchid 2
Malaxis adder's-mouth-orchid 3
Maxillarieae Corallorhiza coralroot 6
Aplectrum Adam and Eve 1
Calypsoeae Calypso fairy slipper 1
Tipularia cranefly orchid 1
Orchidoideae Orchideae Amerorchis roundleaf orchis 1
Coeloglossum frog-orchid 1
Galearis galearis 1
Platanthera fringed-orchid 18
Cranichideae Goodyera rattlesnake-plantain 3
Spiranthes ladies'-tresses 14
Hypoxidaceae Hypoxis eastern yellow stargrass 1
Iridaceae Iridoideae Irideae Iris iris 10
Sisyrinchieae Sisyrinchium blue-eyed grass 7
Crocoideae Ixiae Crocus crocus 4
Asphodelaceae Hemerocallidoieae Hemerocallideae Hemerocallis daylily 2
Amaryllidaceae Allioideae Allieae Allium garlic, onion, leek, chives 14
Amaryllidoideae Narcisseae Narcissus daffodil 4
Galantheae Galanthus snowdrop 2
Leucojum snowflake 1
Asparagaceae Scilloideae Ornithogaleae Ornithogalum star-of-Bethlehem 2
Hyacintheae Chionodoxa glory of the snow 1
Hyacinthoides English-bluebell 2
Muscari grape-hyacinth 1
Scilla squill 1
Agavoideae Agaveae Yucca Adam's needle 1
Hosta plantain lily 4
Camassia Atlantic camas 0
Asparagoideae Asparagus asparagus 1
Nolinoideae Convallarieae Convallaria lily-of-the-valley 2
Polygonateae Maianthemum mayflower 4
Polygonatum Solomon's-seal 3
The classification scheme used here for the order Asparagales is from P.F. Stevens, (2001-2015). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, April 2015. - University of Missouri, St Louis, and Missouri Botanical Garden.
intro
[edit | edit source]
Orchidaceae
Apostasioideae

 

Vanilloideae
Vanilleae

 

Pogonieae

Pogonia ophioglossoides (rose pogonia)

Isotria (2 whorled pogonia taxa)

Cypripedioideae

Cypripedium (8 lady's slipper taxa)

Orchidoideae
Cranichideae
Goodyerinae

Goodyera (3 rattlesnake-plantain taxa)

Spiranthinae

Spiranthes (15 ladies’ tresses taxa)

Diurideae

 

Codonorchideae

 

Orchideae - Orchidinae

Dactylorhiza viridis (long-bract frog orchid)

Galearis spectabilis (showy orchid)

Amerorchis rotundifolia (round-leaved orchid)

Platanthera (18 fringed orchid taxa)

Epidendroideae
Neottieae

Neottia (4 twayblade taxa)

Epipactis helleborine (weed orchid)

Sobralieae

 

Wullschlaegelieae

 

Thaieae

 

Triphoreae

Triphora trianthophoros (nodding pogonia)

Xerorchideae

 

Gastrodieae

 

Nervilieae

 

Tropidieae

 

Arethuseae

Arethusa bulbosa (dragon’s mouth)

Calopogon tuberosus (grass pink)

Malaxideae -
Malaxidinae

Liparis (2 wide lip orchid taxa)

Malaxis (3 adder’s mouth taxa)

Collabieae

 

Podochileae

 

Vandeae

 

Cymbidieae

 

Epidendreae -
Calypsoinae

Corallorhiza (6 coral-root taxa)

Aplectrum hyemale (puttyroot, Adam & Eve)

Calypso bulbosa (fairy slipper)

Tipularia discolor (cranefly orchid)


Family Orchidaceae

[edit | edit source]
The Orchidaceae (orchid family) has about 20 genera with close to 70 taxa growing outside of cultivation in New York.[1]

The organization used here is based on Chase et al. (2015)[2]


Subfamily Vanilloideae

[edit | edit source]

The Vanilloideae ...

Tribe Pogonieae

[edit | edit source]
Pogonia
[edit | edit source]
Pogonia ophioglossoides
rose pogonia

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Vanilloideae — Pogonieae
Genus Pogonia Pogonia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Ker Gawl.

1753. Arethusa ophioglossoides  L.
1816. Pogonia ophioglossoides  Ker Gawl.
1921. Pogonia ophioglossoides  var. brachypogon  Fernald
Rose pogonia,
Snakemouth orchid,
Snake-mouth orchid
Pogonie langue-de-serpent,
Pogonie à langue de serpent
Native,
Likely secure,
CITES II

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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Isotria
[edit | edit source]
Isotria verticillata
large whorled pogonia

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Vanilloideae — Pogonieae
Genus IsotriaRaf. (1808) Fiveleaf orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf.

1805. Arethusa verticillata  Muhl. ex Willd.
1808. Isotria verticillata  Raf.
1818. Pogonia verticillata  Nutt.
Large whorled pogonia,
Large whorled pogonia orchid,
Purple five-leaved orchid,
Purple fiveleaf orchid
Isotrie verticillée,
Grande pogonie verticillée
Native,
Vulnerable,
DEC-D[1],
CITES II

NYFA: 3-4

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 (Pursh) Raf.

1813. Arethusa medeoloides  Pursh
1838. Isotria medeoloides  (Pursh) Raf.
1867. Pogonia affinis  Austin ex A.Gray
Small whorled pogonia
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2]

NYFA: Z

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Subfamily Cypripedioideae

[edit | edit source]
Cypripedioideae distribution map
The Cypripedioideae consists of the lady's slipper orchids in the genera Cypripedium, Mexipedium, Paphiopedilum, Phragmipedium and Selenipedium. Of these, only Cypripedium species are native or naturalized in New York State (and much of the temperate northern hemisphere.

Cypripedium

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The genus Cypripedium contains about 60 taxa worldwide. Seven of these are native to New York State.
Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium
[edit | edit source]
Cypripedium subgenus Cypripedium contains 3 sections of native lady' slippers.
  • pink lady's slipper (sect. Acaulia),
  • yellow lady's slippers (sect. Cypripedium), and
  • ram's head lady's slipper (sect. Arietinum).

Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium sect. Acaulia
[edit | edit source]
Cypripedium acaule
Pink lady's slipper (sect. Acaulia)
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Cypripedioideae — Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium sect. Acaulia
Genus Cypripediumsubg. Cypripediumsect. Acaulia Lady's-slipper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Aiton

1768.  Cypripedium hirsutum  Mill. in…
1789.  Cypripedium acaule  Aiton in…
1791.  Cypripedium humile  Salisb. in…
1903.  Fissipes acaulis  (Aiton) Small in…
1913.  Calceolus hirsutus  (Mill.) Nieuwl. in…
1917.  Fissipes hirsuta  (Mill.) Farw. in…
1920.  Fissipes acaulis  f. lancifolia  House  ...
1938.  Fissipes hirsuta  f. albiflora  (E.L.Rand & Redfield) Farw.  ...
1995.  Cypripedium acaule  f. biflorum  P.M.Br.  ...
Pink lady's-slipper,
Moccasin flower,
Stemless lady’s-slipper
Cypripède acaule,
Cypripède rose,
Sabot de la Vierge
Native, CoC: 5,
Likely secure

FACW

NYFA: 4

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Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium sect. Cypripedium
[edit | edit source]
Cypripedium parviflorum
Yellow lady's slippers (sect. Cypripedium)
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Cypripedioideae — Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium sect. Cypripedium
Genus Cypripediumsubg. Cypripediumsect. Cypripedium Lady's-slipper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Salisb.
 var. makasin (Farw.) Sheviak

1918. Cypripedium makasin  Farw.
1918. Cypripedium pubescens  var. makasin  Farw.
1993. Cypripedium parviflorum  var. makasin  (Farw.) Sheviak
Northern yellow lady's slipper,
Greater yellow lady's slipper,
Small yellow lady's slipper
Cypripède mocassin
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 Salisb.
 var. pubescens (Willd.) O.W.Knight

1804. Cypripedium pubescens  Willd.
1906. Cypripedium parviflorum  var. pubescens  O.W.Knight
1938. Cypripedium calceolus  var. pubescens  Correll
Greater yellow lady's slipper,
Large yellow lady's slipper
Cypripède pubescent,
Cypripède jaune
  variété à pétales plats
Native,
Vulnerable

NYFA: 3

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 Salisb.
 var. parviflorum

1791. Cypripedium parviflorum  Salisb.
1913. Calceolus parviflorus  (Salisb.) Nieuwl.
1946. Cypripedium calceolus  var. parviflorum  (Salisb.) Fernald
1968. Cypripedium calceolus  ssp. parviflorum  (Salisb.) Hultén
Small yellow lady's-slipper Native,
Endangered

NYFA: Z

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 Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Cypripedium candidum  Muhl. ex Willd.
1913. Calceolus candidus  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nieuwl.
Small white lady's slipper,
White lady's slipper
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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L.

1753. Cypripedium calceolus  L.
Eurasian lady's-slipper Introduced from
 Eurasia,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: excluded
0 counties

Kew WCSP
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Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium sect. Arietinum
[edit | edit source]
Cypripedium arietinum
Ram's head lady's slipper (Cypripedium arietinum) is listed as threatened in New York State.[1]
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Cypripedioideae — Cypripedium subg. Cypripedium sect. Arietinum
Genus Cypripediumsubg. Cypripediumsect. Arietinum Lady's-slipper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
R.Br.

1813.  Cypripedium arietinum  R.Br. in…
1818.  Criosanthes borealis  Raf. in…
1833.  Arietinum americanum  L.C.Beck in…
1905.  Criosanthes arietina  (R.Br.) House in…
1923.  Cypripedium arietinum  f. albiflorum  House  ...
1995.  Cypripedium arietinum  f. biflorum  P.M.Br. ...
Ram's head lady's slipper,
Ram's head
Cypripède tête-de-bélier
Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
S2, G3

FACW

Perennial,
Herb

NYFA: 2
NYFA: 13 counties
iNat
4 counties

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Cypripedium subg. Irapeana
[edit | edit source]
Cypripedium reginae
Cypripedium subgenus Irapeana section Irapeana contains the showy lady's slipper (Cypripedium reginae).
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Cypripedioideae — Cypripedium subg. Irapeana
Genus Cypripediumsubg. Irapeanasect. Obtusiflora Lady's-slipper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Walter

1788. Cypripedium reginae  Walter
1913. Calceolus reginae  (Walter) Nieuwl.,
Showy lady's-slipper,
Pink-and-white lady's-slipper,
Queen's lady's-slipper
Cypripède royal
Native,
Vulnerable

FACW

NYFA: 3

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Subfamily Orchidoideae

[edit | edit source]

Tribe Cranichideae

[edit | edit source]
Subtribe Goodyerinae
[edit | edit source]
Goodyera
[edit | edit source]
Goodyera pubescens
Of the four North American (north of Mexico) rattlesnake plantains (Goodyera spp.), probably three are found in New York.
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Cranichideae — Goodyerinae — Goodyera
Genus Goodyera Rattlesnake plantain N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Willd.) R.Br.

1805.  Neottia pubescens  Willd. in…
1813.  Goodyera pubescens  R.Br. in…
1891.  Orchiodes pubescens  (Willd.) Kuntze in…
1893.  Peramium pubescens  (Willd.) Curtiss ex Small & Vail in…
1900.  Peramium tesselatum  A.Heller in…
1908.  Epipactis pubescens  (Willd.) A.A.Eaton in…
1910.  Epipactis willdenovii  House in…
Downy rattlesnake-plantain
Goodyérie pubescente
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4-S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb,
2n = 26.

NYFA: 4-5
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
? counties

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(L.) R.Br.

1753.  Satyrium repens  L. in…
1813.  Goodyera repens  (L.) R.Br. in…
1899.  Goodyera repens  var. ophioides  Fernald  in…
1901.  Peramium ophioides  Rydb. in…
1931.  Goodyera ophioides  (Fernald) Rydb. in…
Dwarf rattlesnake-plantain,
Lesser rattlesnake-plantain
Goodyérie rampante
Native, CoC: 9,
Likely secure,
S4-S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb,
2n = 30

NYFA: 4-5
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
GBIF
5 counties

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G.Lodd.

Goodyera oblongifolia ×
Goodyera repens

1824.  Goodyera tesselata  G.Lodd. in…
1891.  Orchiodes tesselatum  (G.Lodd.) Kuntze in…
1908.  Epipactis tesselata  (G.Lodd.) A.A.Eaton in…
1979.  Goodyera repens  var. tesselata  (G.Lodd.) B.Boivin  in…
Checkered rattlesnake plantain,
Tesselated rattlesnake-plantain,
Loddiges' rattlesnake-plantain
Goodyérie panachée
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4

FACU

Perennial,
Herb,
2n = 45, 60

NYFA: 4
NYFA: 26 counties
iNat
14 counties

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 Raf.

1833. Goodyera oblongifolia  Raf.
1908. Epipactis decipiens  Benth.
1923. Goodyera decipiens  Hubbard
Western rattlesnake plantain,
Giant rattlesnake plantain
Goodyérie à feuilles oblongues
Native,
Unranked,
2n = 30

NYFA: D
NYFA: Not listed
iNat
Upper Great Lakes

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Subtribe Spiranthinae
[edit | edit source]
Spiranthes
[edit | edit source]
Spiranthes cernua complex
[edit | edit source]
Spiranthes cernua
Nodding ladies'-tresses
Morphologically, the species of the Spiranthes cernua complex are known to be quite variable within species but relatively similar from one species to another. Recent molecular phylogenetic research has redefined this group by moving some species in or out, confirming hybrid origins, and adding newly published species.[1]
  1. Matthew C. Pace, Kenneth M. Cameron (2017) "The Systematics of the Spiranthes cernua Species Complex (Orchidaceae): Untangling the Gordian Knot," Systematic Botany, American Society of Plant Taxonomists, Vol. 42, No. 4, December 2017, pp. 640-669(30). https://doi.org/10.1600/036364417X696537
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Cranichideae — Spiranthes
Genus Spiranthes Ladies' tresses N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Rich.

1753. Ophrys cernua L.
1800. Neottia cernua (L.) Willd.
1817. Spiranthes cernua (L.) Rich.
1891. Gyrostachys cernua (L.) Kuntze
1905. Ibidium cernuum (L.) House
1913. Triorchis cernua (L.) Nieuwl.
Nodding lady's tresses,
Nodding ladies'-tresses
Spiranthe penchée,
Spiranthe cernuée
Native, CoC: 2,
Likely secure

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 (Rydb.) Rydb.

1901. Gyrostachys ochroleuca Rydb.
1905. Spiranthes cernua  var. ochroleuca  Ames
1932. Spiranthes ochroleuca Rydb.
1941. Spiranthes × steigeri Correll
Yellow ladies'-tresses
Yellow nodding ladies'-tresses

Spiranthe jaunâtre
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

N. R.

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 Catling & Cruise
 var. casei

1974. Spiranthes casei Catling & Cruise
1981. Spiranthes casei  var. casei  Catling (autonym)
 auct. Spiranthes × intermedia non Ames
 auct. Spiranthes vernalis non Engelm & A.Gray
Case's ladies'-tresses
Spiranthe de Case
Native, CoC: 2,
Threatened

N. R.

Perennial,
Herb-forb
Clinton, Cortland, Essex, Franklin, Genesee, Hamilton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, St.Lawrence, Wyoming
NYFA: 3-4

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Sheviak

1973. Spiranthes magnicamporum  Sheviak
Great Plains ladies'-tresses,
Great Plains lady's-tresses
Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
CITES-II

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb
Jefferson, St. Lawrence
NYFA: 1

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(Jenn.) M.C.Pace

Spiranthes cernua (s.s.) ×
Spiranthes magnicamporum

2017. Spiranthes incurva  (Jenn.) M.C.Pace
Sphinx ladies’ tresses,
Ancient hybrid of
 Nodding ladies’ tresses &
 Great Plains ladies'-tresses
Native,
Unranked,
Herb-forb
Fulton, Hamilton, Oswego
NYFA: NU

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M.C. Pace

2017. Spiranthes arcisepala M.C.Pace
Appalachian ladies’ tresses

Native,
Unranked
Delaware, Hamilton
NYFA: NU

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Lindl.
 var. erostellata Catling

1840. Spiranthes ovalis  Lindl.
1983. Spiranthes ovalis  var. erostellata  Catling
October ladies’ tresses Native,
Endangered,
Herb-forb
St. Lawrence only
NYFA: 1

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Spiranthes outside of cernua complex
[edit | edit source]
Spiranthes lucida

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Cranichideae — Spiranthes
Genus Spiranthes Ladies' tresses N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (H.H.Eaton) Ames

1832. Neottia lucida H.H.Eaton
1833. Spiranthes plantaginea (Raf.) Raf.
1905. Ibidium plantagineum (Raf.) House
1908. Spiranthes lucida (H.H.Eaton) Ames
Shining ladies'-tresses,
Wide-leaved ladies'-tresses
Spiranthe lustrée,
Spiranthe brillante
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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Cham.

1828. Spiranthes romanzoffiana Cham.
1900. Gyrostachys stricta Rydb.
1905. Ibidium strictum House
1909. Spiranthes stricta A.Nelson
Hooded ladies'-tresses,
Irish lady's-tresses
Spiranthe de Romanzoff
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 (Raf.) Raf.
var. lacera

1818. Neottia lacera Raf.
1833. Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf.
Northern
  slender ladies'-tresses,
Northern
  slender lady's tresses
Spiranthe découpée,
Spiranthe lacérée
Native, CoC: 5,
Likely secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 (Raf.) Raf.
var. gracilis (Bigelow) Luer

1824. Neottia gracilis  Bigelow
1833. Spiranthes gracilis  (Bigelow) L.C.Beck
1840. Spiranthes beckii  Lindl.
1905. Ibidium gracile  (Bigelow) House
1906. Ibidium beckii  House
1975. Spiranthes lacera  var. gracilis  (Bigelow) Luer
Southern
  slender ladies'-tresses,
Slender lady's tresses
Spiranthe grêle,
Spiranthe gracile
Native, CoC: 5,
Unranked

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3-4

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 Raf.

1833. Spiranthes tuberosa  Raf.
1904. Spiranthes grayi  Ames
1867. Spiranthes simplex  A.Gray
1946. Spiranthes tuberosa  var. grayi  (Ames) Fernald
Little ladies'-tresses,
Little lady's tresses
Spiranthe
Native, CoC: 10,
Very vulnerable

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3

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Engelm. & A.Gray

1845. Spiranthes vernalis  Engelm. & A.Gray
1891. Gyrostachys vernalis  Kuntze
1905. Ibidium vernale  House
1908. Spiranthes sinensis  (Pers.) Ames
Twisted ladies'-tresses,
Spring ladies'-tresses,
Spring lady's tresses,
Upland ladiestresses
Spiranthe
Native, CoC: 7,
Especially vulnerable,
NYNHP: S1S2[1]

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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Genus Spiranthes(excluded taxa) Ladies' tresses N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Walter) S. Watson

1788. Limodorum praecox  Walter
1890. Spiranthes praecox  (Walter) S. Watson
1906. Ibidium praecox  (Walter) House
1913. Triorchis praecox  (Walter) Nieuwl.
Greenvein lady's tresses N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
FNA
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
Catling & Sheviak

S. lacera var. lacera ×
S. romanzoffiana

Native,
No reports

FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 P.M.Brown

S. lacera var. gracilis ×
S. tuberosa

Native,
No reports

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Wikispecies
 Ames

S. lacera var. gracilis ×
S. vernalis

Native,
No reports

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Wikispecies
  1. New York Natural Heritage Program. 2019. Online Conservation Guide for Spiranthes vernalis. Available from: https://guides.nynhp.org/spring-ladies-tresses/. Accessed May 7, 2019.

Tribe Orchideae

[edit | edit source]
Dactylorhiza
[edit | edit source]
Dactylorhiza viridis
Molecular studies have shown that Coeloglossum is embedded within a monophyletic Dactylorhiza clade, prompting Coeloglossum viride to be transferred to Dactylorhiza viridis by R. M. Bateman et al. 1997, even though morphologic differences are apparent.[1]

The 2022 New York Rare Plant Status List shows Coeloglossum viride. Long-bracted Orchid. G5. S1S2. E (endangered).[2]


Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — Dactylorhiza
Genus Dactylorhiza Frog orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase

1753.  Satyrium viride  L. in…
1769.  Orchis viridis  (L.) Crantz in…
1813.  Habenaria viridis  (L.) R.Br. in…
1813.  Habenaria bracteata  (Muhl. ex Willd.) R.Br. in…
1820.  Coeloglossum viride  (L.) Hartm. in…
1827.  Chamorchis viridis  (L.) Dumort. in…
1829.  Platanthera viridis  (L.) Lindl. in…
1830.  Himantoglossum viride  (L.) Rchb. in…
1850.  Coeloglossum bracteatum  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Parl. ex Willd. in…
1975.  Coeloglossum viride  var. virescens  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Luer  in…
1997.  Dactylorhiza viridis  (L.) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase in…
2013.  Dactylorhiza viridis  var. virescens  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Baumbach in…
Frog orchid
Long-bracted orchid
Frog-orchis
Longbract frog orchid
Long-bract green orchis
Long-bracted green orchid

Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered,
S1-S2, G5

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Herb

NYFA: 4
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
Hamilton 2016-18

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Galearis
[edit | edit source]
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — Galearis
Genus GalearisRaf. Galearis N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Raf.

1753. Orchis spectabilis  L.
1826. Habenaria spectabilis  Spreng.
1833. Galearis spectabilis  Raf.
1901. Galeorchis spectabilis  Rydb.
Showy orchid,
Showy orchis
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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Amerorchis
[edit | edit source]
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — Amerorchis
Genus Amerorchis Amerorchis N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Banks ex Pursh) Hultén

1814. Orchis rotundifolia  Banks ex Pursh
1966. Ponerorchis rotundifolia  Soó
1968. Amerorchis rotundifolia  Hultén
2009. Galearis rotundifolia  R.M.Bateman
Round-leaved orchis Native,
Likely extirpated

NYFA: Z

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Platanthera
[edit | edit source]
The grouping used here for the Platanthera species is based primarily on Argue (2012).[1]
Platanthera: Limnorchis group
[edit | edit source]
Platanthera dilatata
white bog orchid, bog candle
[1]
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — PlatantheraLimnorchis group
Genus PlatantheraLimnorchis group Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Sheviak

1753. Orchis hyperborea  L. s.l.p.p.
1813. Habenaria hyperborea  (L.) R.Br. s.l.p.p.
1835. Platanthera hyperborea  (L.) Lindl. s.l.p.p.
1900. Limnorchis hyperborea  (L.) Rydb. s.l.p.p.
1989. Platanthera hyperborea  f. alba  M.H.S.Light
1999. Platanthera aquilonis  Sheviak
2008. Limnorchis aquilonis  (Sheviak) Rebrist. & Elven
2009. Limnorchis aquilonis  f. alba  (M.H.S.Light) P.M.Br., S.L.Stewart & Gamarra
Northern green orchid,
Tall northern green orchid,
North wind bog-orchid,
Eagle rein orchid,
Sheviak's bog orchid
Platanthère du Nord
Native,
Likely secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 var. dilatata (Pursh) Lindl. ex L.C.Beck

1814. Orchis dilatata Pursh
1825. Habenaria dilatata (Pursh) Hook.
1833. P. dilatata Lindl. ex L.C.Beck
1839. P. dilatata Hook.
1901. Limnorchis dilatata (Pursh) Rydb.
Bog-candle,
Scent-bottle,
White bog-orchid,
White northern bog-orchid,
Tall white bog orchid
Platanthère dilatée
Native,
Likely secure

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 (Nutt.) Lindl.

1818. Orchis huronensis Nutt.
1826. Platanthera huronensis (Nutt.) Spreng.
1835. Habenaria huronensis (Nutt.) Lindl.
1901. Limnorchis × media Rydb.
1904. Habenaria × media (Rydb.) G.G.Niles
1923. Habenaria hyperborea Farw.
1975. Platanthera × media (Rydb.) Luer
1975. Platanthera hyperborea  var. huronensis  Luer
Huron green orchid,
Lake Huron green orchid,
Lake Huron green bog-orchid,
Fragrant green orchid,
Intermediate bog orchid,
Northern green bog orchid
Platanthère du lac Huron
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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Platanthera aquilonis × dilatata

Platanthera aquilonis ×
Platanthera dilatata

Hybrid of
 Northern green orchid &
 Bog-candle
Native,
Not reported

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: D

Images
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Platanthera dilatata × huronensis

Platanthera dilatata ×
Platanthera huronensis

Hybrid of
 Bog-candle &
 Huron green orchid
Native,
Not reported

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: D

Images
Wikispecies
Genus PlatantheraLimnorchis group(excluded taxa) Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Lindl.

1767. Orchis hyperborea  L.
1813. Habenaria hyperborea  (L.) R. Br.
1900. Limnorchis hyperborea  (L.) Rydb.
1835. Platanthera hyperborea  (L.) Lindl.
Northern green orchid Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Platanthera: Flava group
[edit | edit source]
Platanthera flava var herbiola
The two varieties of Platanthera flava (palegreen orchid) are native to eastern North America with Platanthera flava var. flava found in the southern part of the species range and Platanthera flava var. herbiola found in the northern part of the range, which includes New York State.
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — PlatantheraFlava group
Genus PlatantheraFlava group Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Lindl.
 var. herbiola (R.Br.) Luer

1813. Habenaria herbiola  R.Br.
1943. Habenaria flava  var. herbiola  (R.Br.) Ames & Correll
1975. Platanthera flava  var. herbiola  (R.Br.) Luer
Palegreen orchid,
Pale green orchid,
Northern tubercled bog-orchid
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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Genus PlatantheraFlava group(excluded taxa) Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Lindl.
 var. flava

1753. Orchis flava  L.
1826. Habenaria flava  (L.) R.Br.
1835. Platanthera flava  (L.) Lindl.
1901. Perularia flava  (L.) Rydb.
1973. Tulotis flava  (L.) Senghas
Palegreen orchid N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Platanthera: Platanthera group
[edit | edit source]
Platanthera obtusata is pollinated by mosquitoes.[1]


Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — PlatantheraPlatanthera group
Genus PlatantheraPlatanthera group Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Pursh) Lindl.

1814. Orchis orbiculata  Pursh
1826. Habenaria orbiculata  Torr.
1835. Platanthera menziesii  Lindl.
1835. Platanthera orbiculata  Lindl.
1901. Lysias orbiculata  (Pursh) Rydb.
1950. Habenaria orbiculata  var. lehorsii  Fernald
1950. Habenaria orbiculata  var. menziesii  Fernald
1977. Platanthera orbiculata  var. lehorsii  W.J.Schrenk
Lesser roundleaved orchid,
Lesser roundleaved rein orchid,
Small roundleaved orchid,
Large round-leaved orchid
Platanthère à feuilles orbiculaires,
Habénaire à feuilles orbiculaires
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4?

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 (Goldie) P.M.Brown

1822. Habenaria macrophylla  Goldie
1906. Lysias macrophylla  House
1929. Habenaria orbiculata  f. macrophylla  F.J.A.Morris & E.A.Eames
1967. Habenaria orbiculata  var. macrophylla  B.Boivin
1975. Platanthera orbiculata  var. macrophylla  Luer
1988. P. macrophylla  P.M.Brown
Greater round-leaved orchid,
Large-leaved bog-orchid,
Dinner plate orchid,
Goldie's round-leaved orchid
Platanthère à grandes feuilles,
Habénaire à grandes feuilles
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4?

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 (Banks ex Pursh) Lindl.

1814. Orchis obtusata  Banks ex Pursh
1823. Habenaria obtusata  Richardson
1835. Platanthera obtusata  Lindl.
1900. Lysiella obtusata  Rydb.
1926. Habenaria obtusata  var. collectanea  Fernald
Small northern bog-orchid,
Blunt-leaved orchid,
Blunt-leaved bog-orchid,
One-leaved rein orchid
Platanthère à feuille obtuse,
Habénaire à feuille obtuse
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (Torr. ex A.Gray) Lindl.

1835. Habenaria hookeri  Torr. ex A.Gray
1835. Habenaria hookeriana  Lindl.
1835. Platanthera hookeri  Lindl.
1870. Orchis hookeri  Alph. Wood
1901. Lysias hookeri  Rydb.
1901. Lysias hookeriana  Rydb.
1933. Habenaria hookeri  var. abbreviata  Fernald
1977. Platanthera hookeri  var. abbreviata  W.J.Schrenk
Hooker's orchid
Platanthère de Hooker,
Habénaire de Hooker
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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Platanthera: Lacera group
[edit | edit source]
Platanthera psycodes
lesser purple fringed orchid

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — PlatantheraLacera group
Genus PlatantheraLacera group Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) G.Don

1803. Orchis lacera  Michx.
1810. Habenaria lacera  R.Br.
1839. Platanthera lacera  G.Don
1900. Fimbriella lacera  Farw.
1901. Blephariglotis lacera  Farw.
1901. Blephariglottis lacera Farw.
1981. Fimbriella lacera  Butzin
Green fringed bog-orchid,
Green fringed orchis,
Ragged orchis
Platanthère lacérée,
Habénaire lacérée
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (L.) Lindl.

1753. Orchis psycodes  L.
1826. Habenaria psycodes  (L.) Spreng.
1835. P. psycodes  (L.) Llindl.
1981. Fimbriella psycodes  (L.) Butzin
Lesser purple fringed orchid,
Lesser purple fringed bog-orchid
Platanthère papillon,
Habénaire papillon,
Habénaire frangée pourpre
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (Bigelow) Lindl.

1824. Orchis grandiflora  Bigelow
1835. Platanthera grandiflora  (Bigelow) Lindl.
1840. Habenaria psycodes  var. grandiflora  (Bigelow) A. Gray
Large purple fringed orchis,
Greater purple fringed orchid
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (Nutt.) Lindl.

1835. Orchis leucophaea  Nutt.
1835. Platanthera leucophaea  Lindl.
1867. Habenaria leucophaea  A.Gray
Eastern prairie white fringed orchid,
Eastern prairie white fringed bog-orchid
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
Likely extirpated

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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Genus PlatantheraLacera group(excluded taxa) Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

1840. Habenaria peramoena  A.Gray
1848. Platanthera peramoena  (A.Gray) A.Gray
1901. Blephariglotis peramoena  (A.Gray) Rydb.
Purple fringeless orchid N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

USDA-N0
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Platanthera lacera ×
Platanthera psycodes

Fringed orchid,
Hybrid of
 Green fringed orchis &
 Lesser purple fringed orchid
Native,
Not listed

NYFA: 0

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 P.M.Catling & Brownell

Platanthera lacera ×
Platanthera leucophaea

Fringed orchid,
Hybrid of
 Green fringed orchis &
 Eastern prairie
   white fringed orchid
Native,
No reports

NYFA: 0

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 P.M.Brown

Platanthera grandiflora ×
Platanthera lacera

Hybrid of
 Large purple fringed orchis &
 Green fringed bog-orchid
Native,
No reports

NYFA: D

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Platanthera: Blephariglottis group
[edit | edit source]
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Orchidoideae — Orchideae — PlatantheraBlephariglottis group
Genus PlatantheraBlephariglottis group Fringed orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Willd.) Lindl.
var. blephariglottis

1805. Orchis blephariglottis  Willd.
1824. Habenaria blepharoglottis  Hook.
1835. Platanthera blephariglottis  Lindl.
1836. Blephariglottis albiflora  Raf.
1901. Blephariglottis blephariglottis  Rydb.
White fringed orchis,
White fringed bog orchid
Platanthère à gorge frangée,
Habénaire à gorge frangée,
Habénaire frangée blanche
Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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Small green woodland orchid Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (L.) Lindl.

1753. Orchis ciliaris  L.
1813. Habenaria ciliaris  (L.) R.Br.
1835. Platanthera ciliaris  (L.) Lindl.
1901. Blephariglottis ciliaris  (L.) Rydb.
1901. Blephariglotis ciliaris  (L.) Rydb.*
Yellow fringed orchid,
Orange fringed bog orchid
Platanthère ciliée,
Habénaire ciliée
Native,
Endangered

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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Yellow crested orchis Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

Images
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Platanthera blephariglottis ×
Platanthera ciliaris

Fringed orchid,
Hybrid of
 White fringed orchid &
 Yellow fringed orchid
Native

Images
Wikispecies

Platanthera blephariglottis ×
Platanthera cristata

Fringed orchid,
Hybrid of
 White fringed orchid &
 Yellow crested orchis
Native

Images
Wikispecies
 F.W.Case

Platanthera blephariglottis ×
Platanthera clavellata

Native,
No reports

NYFA: D

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Wikispecies

Subfamily Epidendroideae

[edit | edit source]

The Epidendroideae.

Tribe Neottieae

[edit | edit source]
Neottia
[edit | edit source]
Neottia cordata

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Neottieae — Neottia
Genus NeottiaGuett. (1750) Twayblade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Rich.

1753. Ophrys cordata  L.
1813. Listera cordata  (L.) R.Br.
1818. Neottia cordata  (L.) Rich.
1825. Distomaea cordata  (L.) Spenner
1867. Pollinirhiza cordata  (L.) Dulac
1891. Diphryllum cordatum  (L.) Kuntze
Broadlipped twayblade,
Heart-leaved twayblade
Listère à feuilles cordées,
Listère à feuilles en coeur
Native,
Vulnerable

NYFA: 3-4

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 (Raf.) Baumbach

1840. Listera australis  Lindl.
1852. Neottia australis  (Lindl.) Rchb.f.
1891. Diphryllum australe  Kuntze
1905. Ophrys australis  (Lindl.) House
1913. Bifolium australe  (Lindl.) Nieuwl.
2009. Neottia bifolia  (Raf.) Baumbach
Southern twayblade
Listère australe
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1-2

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 (Wiegand) Szlach.

1899. Listera auriculata  Wiegand
1905. Ophrys auriculata  House
1913. Bifolium auriculatum  Nieuwl.
1995. Neottia auriculata  Szlach.
Auricled twayblade
Listère auriculée
Native,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[1]

NYFA: 1

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 (Sw.) Rich.

1800. Epipactis convallarioides  Sw.
1817. Neottia convallarioides  Rich.
1818. Listera convallarioides  Nutt.
1823. Listera convallarioides  Nutt. ex Elliott
1905. Ophrys convallarioides  W.Wight ex House
1828. Listera eschscholziana  Cham. & Schltdl.
1840. Neottia eschscholziana  Steud.
Broad-leaved twayblade,
Broad-lip twayblade
Listère faux-muguet
Native,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[2]

NYFA: 1

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Genus Neottia(excluded taxa) Twayblade N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Case) Baumbach

Neottia auriculata ×
Neottia convallarioides

1964. Listera × veltmanii  Case
2009. Neottia × veltmanii  Baumbach
Veltman's twayblade,
Veltman's listera,
Hybrid of
 Auricled twayblade &
 Broad-leaved twayblade
Listère de Veltman
Native,
No reports

Perennial

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Epipactis
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Epipactis helleborine
No Epipactis (helleborine) species are native to eastern North America, and the only one known to naturalize there is broad-leaved helleborine (the "weed orchid", Epipactis helleborine), which can be found in wooded areas in much of New York State.

The New York Flora atlas also lists Epipactis palustris (marsh orchid) collected only in Rensselaer County in 1990. The only research-grade iNaturalist observation of Epipactis palustris in North America is in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania (June 2014).[1]


Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Neottieae — Epipactis
Genus Epipactis Helleborine N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Crantz
 ssp. helleborine

1753.  Serapias helleborine  L. in…
1769.  Epipactis helleborine (L.) Crantz in…
1925.  Helleborine helleborine  (L.) Druce in…
1961.  Epipactis latifolia  ssp. helleborine  (L.) Rivas Goday & Borja  in…
Broad-leaved helleborine,
Eastern helleborine,
Helleborine,
Weed orchid
Introduced,
Naturalized,
Invasive Watchlist[1],
SNA, GNR

UPL

Perennial,
Herb

NYFA: X
NYFA: 56 counties
iNat
All 62 counties

USDA-XX
POWO
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 (L.) Crantz

1753. Serapias helleborine  var. palustris  L.
1769. Epipactis palustris  (L.) Crantz
Marsh orchid Introduced,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized,
SNA

FACW

Perennial,
Herb

NYFA: Xm
NYFA: Rensselaer (1990)
iNat
Lancaster PA

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Tribe Triphoreae

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Triphora
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Triphora trianthophoros

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Triphoreae — Triphora
Genus Triphora Noddingcaps N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Sw.) Rydb.
 ssp. trianthophoros

1800. Arethusa trianthophoros  Sw.
1888. Pogonia trianthophoros  (Sw.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
1901. Triphora trianthophora  (Sw.) Rydb.
1901. Triphora trianthophoros  (Sw.) Rydb.
Nodding pogonia,
Threebirds
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
S2

Perennial,
Herb

NYFA: 2

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Tribe Arethuseae

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Calopogon
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Calopogon tuberosus
Calopogon is a genus of five North American grass-pink orchids. Of these, only Calopogon tuberosus ssp. tuberosus is known to occur outside of cultivation in New York State.
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Arethuseae — Arethusinae — Calopogon
Genus Calopogon Grass pink N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
 var. tuberosus

1753. Limodorum tuberosum  L.
1796. Limodorum pulchellum  Salisb.
1813. Calopogon pulchellus  R.Br.
1888. Calopogon tuberosus  (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
Grass pink,
Tuberous grass-pink,
Swamp pink
Calopogon tubéreux,
Calopogon gracieux
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4

FACW-OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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Arethusa
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Arethusa bulbosa
Arethusa contains a single species, Arethusa bulbosa (dragon's mouth orchid), which is native to eastern North America, including New York State.
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Arethuseae — Arethusinae — Arethusa
Genus Arethusa Dragon's mouth N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Arethusa bulbosa L.
1894. Arethusa bulbosa  f. albiflora  E.L.Rand & Redfield
1894. Arethusa bulbosa  f. subcaerulea  E.L.Rand & Redfield
Dragon's mouth,
Swamp pink
Aréthuse bulbeuse
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
S2, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2

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Tribe Malaxideae

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Subtribe Malaxidinae
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Liparis
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Liparis loeselii
The wide-lip orchids (Liparis) comprise about 350 species worldwide, out of which only a few are native to North America, including the two New York natives Loesel's twayblade (Liparis loeselii) and the endangered lily-leaved twayblade (Liparis liliifolia).
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Malaxideae — Malaxidinae — Liparis
Genus Liparis Wide-lip orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Rich.

1753. Ophrys loeselii  L.
1815. Malaxis correana  W.P.C.Barton
1817. Liparis loeselii  (L.) Rich.
Loesel's twayblade
Fen orchid
Fen orchis
Bog twayblade
Yellow wide-lip orchid

Liparis de Loesel
Liparide de Loesel
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 (L.) Rich. ex Lindl.

1753. Ophrys liliifolia  L.
1800. Malaxis liliifolia  Sw.
1825. Liparis liliifolia  (L.) Rich.
Lily-leaved twayblade
Brown widelip orchid
Purple twayblade
Large twayblade
Mauve sleekwort

Liparis à feuilles de lis
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
S1, G5,
NYNHP: 1[1]

FACU

Perennial[2],
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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Malaxis
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Malaxis monophyllos

Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Malaxideae — Malaxidinae — Malaxis
Genus MalaxisSol. ex Sw. (1788) Adder's-mouth orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx.

1803. Malaxis unifolia  Michx.
1808. Achroanthes unifolia  (Michx.) Raf.
1888. Microstylis unifolia  (Michx.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
Green adder's-mouth
Malaxis unifolié
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (L.) Sw.
var. brachypoda (A.Gray) F. Morris & E.A.Eames

1833. Microstylis brachypoda  A. Gray
1926. Malaxis brachypoda  (A. Gray) Fernald
1929. Malaxis monophyllos  var. brachypoda  (A.Gray) F. Morris & E.A.Eames
1969. Malaxis monophyllos  ssp. brachypoda  Á.Löve & D.Löve
2006. Microstylis monophyllos  ssp. brachypoda  (A.Gray) Szlach. & Marg.
North American
  white adder’s-mouth,
White adder's-mouth orchid
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
iNat
GBIF

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 Fernald

1936. Malaxis bayardii  Fernald
Bayard's adder's-mouth orchid,
Appalachian
  adder's-mouth orchid,
Bayard’s malaxis
Malaxis de Bayard
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[1]

NYFA: 1
NYFA: 4 counties
0 counties

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Genus Malaxis(excluded taxa) Adder's-mouth orchid N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Sw.
 var. monophyllos

1753. Ophrys monophyllos L.
1800. Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw.
1828. Malaxis diphyllos Cham.
1830. Microstylis monophyllos (L.) Lindl.
1891. Achroanthes monophylla (L.) Greene
1975. Malaxis monophyllos  var. diphyllos  (Cham.) Luer
Aleutian adder's-mouth orchid,
Eurasian white adder’s-mouth
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 Alaska,
 BC,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded

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Tribe Epidendreae

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Subtribe Calypsoinae
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Corallorhiza
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Corallorhiza maculata var. maculata
spotted coralroot
Corallorhiza (coralroot) species are leafless, rootless, mycotrophic (fungus-feeding heterotrophic) orchids.
Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Epidendreae — Calypsoinae — Corallorhiza
Genus Corallorhiza Coral root N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Raf.
 var. maculata

1817. Corallorhiza maculata  Raf.
1823. Corallorhiza multiflora  Nutt.
1891. Neottia multiflora  (Nutt.) Kuntze
1897. Corallorhiza multiflora  var. flavida  M.Peck
1916. Corallorhiza maculata  var. flavida  (M.Peck) Cockerell
1927. Corallorhiza maculata  f. flavida  (M.Peck) Farw.
Late spotted coralroot
Eastern spotted coralroot
Summer coralroot

Corallorhize maculée
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4

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 Raf.
 var. occidentalis (Lindl.) Ames

1840. Corallorhiza multiflora  var. occidentalis  Lindl.
1903. Corallorhiza grabhamii  Cockerell
1906. Corallorhiza leimbachiana  Suksd.
1916. Corallorhiza maculata  ssp. occidentalis  (Lindl.) Cockerell
1924. Corallorhiza maculata  var. occidentalis  (Lindl.) Ames
Early spotted coralroot
Summer coralroot
Sspotted coralroot

Corallorhize occidentale
Native, CoC: 10,
Unranked,
SNR

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: U
GBIF

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Châtel.

1753. Ophrys corallorhiza  L.
1760. Corallorhiza trifida  Châtel.
1760. Corallorhiza integra  Châtel.
1769. Epipactis corallorhiza  (L.) Crantz
1793. Helleborine corallorhiza  (L.) F.W.Schmidt
1800. Cymbidium corallorhiza  (L.) Sw.
1813. Corallorhiza innata  R.Br.
1823. Corallorhiza verna  Nutt.
1886. Corallorhiza corallorhiza (L.) H.Karst.
1891. Neottia corallorhiza  (L.) Kuntze
1914. Corallorhiza trifida  var. integra  (Châtel.) Schinz & Thell.
1928. Corallorhiza trifida  f. integra  (Châtel.) Soó
1946. Corallorhiza trifida  var. verna  (Nutt.) Fernald
Early coralroot
Northern coral-root
Yellow coralroot

Corallorhize trifide
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4
GBIF

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 (Willd.) Nutt.
 var. odontorhiza

1818. Corallorhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Nutt.
Autumn coralroot Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4

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 (Willd.) Poir.
 var. pringlei (Greenm.) Freudenst.

1898. Corallorhiza pringlei  Greenm
1997. Corallorhiza odontorhiza  var. pringlei   (Greenm.) Freudenst.
Pringle's coralroot,
Pringle's autumn coralroot
Native,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z

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 Lindl.
 var. striata

1840. Corallorhiza striata  Lindl.
1856. Corallorhiza macraei  A.Gray
Striped coral-root
hooded coralroot
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
S1, G5, T4-5

NYFA: 1
GBIF

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Aplectrum
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Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Epidendreae — Calypsoinae — Aplectrum
Genus Aplectrum Adam and Eve N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.

1806. Cymbidium hyemale  Muhl. ex Willd.
1818. Aplectrum hyemale  (Muhl. ex Willd.) Nutt.
Adam and Eve,
Putty root
Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
S2, G5

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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Calypso
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Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Epidendreae — Calypsoinae — Calypso
Genus Calypso Fairy slipper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Oakes
 var. americana (R.Br.) Luer

1813. Calypso americana  R.Br.
1905. Cytherea bulbosa  (L.) House
1975. Calypso bulbosa  var. americana  (R.Br.) Luer
2010. Calypso bulbosa  ssp. americana  (R. Br.) A. Haines
Fairy slipper Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
No recent reports

FACW

Perenial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Z

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Genus Calypso(excluded taxa) Fairy slipper N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Oakes
 var. bulbosa

1753. Cypripedium bulbosum  L.
1842. Calypso bulbosa  (L.) Oakes
Fairy slipper Introduced from
 Eurasia,
N.Y. excluded

Perenial,
Herb-forb

NYFA-Excluded

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Tipularia
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Asparagales — Orchidaceae — Epidendroideae — Epidendreae — Calypsoinae — Tipularia
Genus Tipularia Tipularia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Pursh) Nutt.

1813. Orchis discolor  Pursh
1818. Tipularia discolor  (Pursh) Nutt.
Cranefly orchid,
Crippled cranefly
Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
S1, G4-5

FACU

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1

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