Tagalog/Lesson 4

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Early Filipinos
Early Filipinos
Aralin 4 — Numbers
Mayon Volcano

This lesson will teach you about Tagalog numbers.

Diálogo (Dialogue)[edit | edit source]

The characters for this dialogue are Amy and Mark. The dialogue will be in Tagalog first, then an English translation will appear below the Tagalog original.

Sa Tagalog (In Tagalog)[edit | edit source]

Amy: Mark, magkano ang tsokolate?
Mark: Tatlóng piso lang.
Amy: Masaráp ba iyán? (common: Masaráp ba 'yan?)
Mark: Oo. At mura pa. (common: Oo, mura pa.)
Amy: Sige, bíbili akó ng dalawá. (common: Sige, pabili ng dalawa)
Mark: Eto, Amy. Anim na piso iyán. (common: Eto, Amy. Anim na piso lahat.)
Amy: Sige. Salamat, Mark.
Mark: Waláng anumán.

Salin sa Inglés (English translation)[edit | edit source]

Amy: Mark, how much is the chocolate?
Mark: Only three pesos.
Amy: Is it delicious?
Mark: Yes. And it's cheap. (common: Yes, even cheap.)
Amy: Okay, I'll buy two. (common: Ok, give me two.)
Mark: Okay, Amy. That's six pesos. (common: Here, Amy. Six pesos in total.)
Amy: Okay. Thanks Mark.
Mark: You're welcome, Amy.

Talasalitaan (Vocabulary)[edit | edit source]

  • Magkano: How much
  • Tsokolate: Chocolate
  • Tatló: Three
  • Piso: Peso
  • Masaráp: delicious
  • Mura: Cheap
  • Bíbili: Will buy
  • Dalawá: Two
  • Salamat: Thank you
  • Waláng anumán: You're welcome

Aralín (Lesson)[edit | edit source]

Mgá bilang kardinál (Cardinal numbers)[edit | edit source]

0 = walâ
1 = isá11 = labíng isá
2 = dalawá12 = labindalawá
3 = tatló13 = labintatló
4 = apat14 = labíng apat
5 = limá15 = labinlimá
6 = anim16 = labíng anim
7 = pitô17 = labing pitô
8 = waló18 = labing waló
9 = siyám19 = labinsiyám
10 = sampû20 = dalawampû

Tagalog has distinct words for numbers ranging from 0-10, as shown above. To form numbers within the range of 11 and 19, the prefix labíng- (or in some cases labin-, without the '-g') is added to the number separated by a dash (or not in some cases), as also shown above.

Numbers above 19 whose digit ends with zero use the base number (0-9) and add the suffix -mpû if the base number ends in a vowel, as shown in these examples:

  • Dalawampû (Twenty)
  • Limampû (Fifty)

If the ending letter of the base number ends with the letter "o", the letter is changed to "u" before adding the suffix -mpû, as shown in these examples:

  • Tatlumpû (Thirty)
  • Pitumpû (Seventy)
  • Walumpû (Eighty)

If the ending letter of the base number is a consonant, the ligature na is added and the "m" from the suffix -mpû is dropped, incorporating na into the suffix. However, it is still spelled as one word, as shown in these examples:

  • Apatnapû (Forty)
  • Animnapû (Sixty)
  • Siyamnapû (Ninety)

Numbers above 20 whose ending digit is a digit other than zero use the base form of the number but attach a contracted form of at, the Tagalog word for "and", written as 't, and are separated by a space, as shown in these examples:

  • Apatnapú't pitô (Forty-seven)
  • Dalawampú't anim (Twenty-six)
  • Siyamnapú't siyám (Ninety-nine)

When numbers reach the hundreds range, the number is modified by dropping the last letter and adding the suffix -daán, as shown in these examples:

  • Isandaán (One hundred)
  • Limandaán (Five hundred)

There are exceptions, however. With numbers whose base number ends with "o", the "o" changes to a "u" before adding the suffix -daan, as shown in these examples:

  • Tatlundaán (Three hundred)
  • Pitundaán (Seven hundred)
  • Walundaán (Eight hundred)

In numbers whose base number ends with a consonant, the ligature na is added before the suffix. However, the suffix -daán changes to -raán, as shown in these examples:

  • Apatnaraán (Four hundred)
  • Animnaraán (Six hundred)
  • Siyamnaraán (Nine hundred)

For counting thousands, use the word libo, meaning "thousand".

  • Isáng libo (One thousand)
  • Tatlumpúng libo't apatnaraán at dalawá (Thirty thousand four hundred two)

For counting millions, use the word milyón, meaning "million".

  • Isáng milyón (One million)
  • Apat na milyó't tatlundaá't labíng-anim na libo't siyamnaraán at limá (Four million three hundred sixteen thousand nine hundred five)

Mgá bilang ordinál (Ordinal numbers)[edit | edit source]

Except for the number 1, Tagalog ordinals are made by adding the prefix ika- to the number in most cases, as shown in these examples:

  • Ika-apat (Fourth)
  • Ika-limá (Fifth)
  • Ika-pitô (Seventh)
  • Ika-waló (Eighth)

There are cases in which the first two letters of the base number are removed before adding the prefix -ika, as shown in these examples:

  • Ikalawá (Second)
  • Ikatló (Third)

You can also substitute the prefix pang- to indicate ordinality, examples:

  • Pangalawá (Second)
  • Pangatló (Third)

The number 1 is a special case, as it is written as una, taken from Spanish.

For numbers ranging above ten, the ika- prefix is applied to the number in the same way that it is done regularly, as shown in these examples below:

  • Ika-labíng apat (Fourteenth)
  • Ika-dalawampú't siyám (Twenty-ninth)
  • Ika-walumpú't waló (Eighty-eighth)

Mgá bilang Espanyól (Spanish numbers)[edit | edit source]

In certain situations, such as the numbering of buildings or places and financial transactions, Spanish numbers are used instead of Tagalog ones.

0 = sero
1 = uno11 = onse
2 = dos12 = dose
3 = tres13 = trese
4 = kuwatro14 = katorse
5 = singko15 = kinse
6 = sais16 = disisais
7 = siyete17 = disisiyete
8 = otso18 = disiotso
9 = nuwebe19 = disinuwebe
10 = diyes20 = bente

Exercise[edit | edit source]

Translate the following into English from Tagalog and from Tagalog to English.

Isang Pusà - ...
Dalawáng Giraffe - ...
Limang Pangulò/Presidente - ...
Five Hundred Euros - ...

Mga Sagot — Answers: 1. One Cat, 2. Two Giraffes, 3. Fives Presidents, 4. Limang Daan Euro.

Mgá Aralín (Lessons): 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 - Table of Contents