Pinyin/HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus that infects cells of the immune system, destroying or impairing their function. As the infection progresses, the immune system becomes weaker, and the person becomes more susceptible to infections.
The most advanced stage of HIV infection is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It can take 10-15 years for an HIV-infected person to develop AIDS; antiretroviral drugs can slow down the process even further.
HIV is transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse (anal or vaginal), transfusion of contaminated blood, sharing of contaminated needles, and between a mother and her infant during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding.
Rénlèi miǎnyì quēxiàn bìngdú (àizī bìngdú) shì yīzhǒng nìzhuǎnlùbìngdú, tā gǎnrǎn rénlèi miǎnyì xìtǒng xìbāo, cuīhuǐ huò sǔnhài qí gōngnéng. Suízhe gǎnrǎn de fāzhǎn, miǎnyì xìtǒng kāishǐ biàn ruò, huànzhě gèng róngyì bèi gǎnrǎn.
Àizī bìngdú gǎnrǎn de zuìhòu jiēduàn shì dédào miǎnyì quēxiàn zònghézhēng (àizībìng). Àizī bìngdú gǎnrǎnzhě kěnéng jīngguò 10-15 nián cái huì dédào àizībìng, kàng-nìzhuǎnlùbìngdú yàowù kěyǐ jìnyībù yánhuǎn zhèyī jìnchéng.
Àizī bìngdú tōngguò wú bǎohù de xìngjiāo (gāngmén huò yīndào), shūrù shòu wūrǎn de xuèyè, gòngyòng shòu wūrǎn de zhùshèzhēn chuánbō, hái kě zài huáiyùn, fēnmiǎn hé bǔrǔ qījiān zài mǔqīn jíqí yīng'ér zhījiān chuánbō.