Flora of New York/Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae

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Coreopsideae … Ambrosieae
Flora of New York — Millerieae, Madieae, Eupatorieae
Apiales
Table of
contents
Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


Tribe Millerieae[edit | edit source]

Subtribe Milleriinae[edit | edit source]

Smallanthus[edit | edit source]

Smallanthus uvedalia
Hairy leafcup (Smallanthus uvedalia) was present in and collected from western New York during the first half of the twentieth century, but has not been confirmed since.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Smallanthus
Genus Smallanthus Smallanthus N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Mack. ex Small

1753. Osteospermum uvedalia L.
1763. Polymnia uvedalia (L.) L.
1933. Smallanthus uvedalius
(L.) Mack. ex Small
Hairy leafcup,
Bear's-foot,
Yellow-flowered leafcup
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z

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Guizotia[edit | edit source]

Niger-seed (Guizotia abyssinica) is commonly used to feed birds, which may account for its occasional temporary introduction.

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Milleriinae — Guizotia
Genus GuizotiaCass. Guizotia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.f.) Cass.

1782. Polymnia abyssinica L.f.
1829. Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.
1836. Guizotia oleifera DC.
Niger-seed,
Ramtilla
Introduced from
 Africa,
Impersistent

UPL

Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X

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Subtribe Galinsoginae[edit | edit source]

Galinsoga[edit | edit source]

Galinsoga quadriradiata
shaggy soldier

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Galinsoginae
Genus GalinsogaRuiz & Pav. Gallant-soldier N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Cav.

    G. aristulata E.P.Bicknell
    G. bicolorata H.St.John & D.White
    G. caracasana (DC.) Sch.Bip.
    G. ciliata (Raf.) S.F.Blake
Fringed quickweed,
Peruvian daisy,
Shaggysoldier
Introduced

NYFA: X

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 Cav.

    Galinsoga semicalva
Gallant-soldier,
Small-flowered quickweed
Introduced

NYFA: X

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Subtribe Melampodiinae[edit | edit source]

Acanthospermum[edit | edit source]

Acanthospermum australe
Paraguay starbur

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Millerieae — Melampodiinae
Genus AcanthospermumSchrank Starbur N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Loefl.) Kuntze

1758. Melampodium australe Loefl.
1818. Centrospermum xanthioides Kunth
1820. Acanthospermum brasilum Schrank
1836. A. xanthioides (Kunth) DC.
1891. A. australe (Loefl.) Kuntze
Southern starburr,
Paraguayan starbur,
Paraguay-starbur,
Paraguay-bur,
Sheepbur,
Spiny-bur
Introduced from
 South America,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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 DC.

1836. A. hispidum DC.
 auct. A. humilenon (Sw.) DC.
Hispid starburr,
Hispid starbur,
Bristly starbur
Introduced from
 South America,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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Genus Acanthospermum (excluded taxa) Starbur N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Sw.) DC.

1788. Melampodium humile Sw.
1832. Centrospermum humile (Sw.) Less.
1836. A. humile (Sw.) DC.
Low starburr,
Low starbur
Introduced,
N.Y. excluded,
Misidentified[1]

NYFA-Excluded

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  1. Specimens from New York City, identified as Acanthospermum humile, were later re-itentified as Acanthospermum hispidum.

Tribe Madieae[edit | edit source]

Known as the tarweed tribe, Madieae includes plants known as tarweeds from the western United States.

Subtribe Arnicinae[edit | edit source]

Arnica[edit | edit source]

Arnica lanceolata ssp. prima
clasping arnica

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Arnicinae — Arnica
Genus Arnica Arnica N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Nutt.
ssp. lanceolata

    Arnica mollisvar. petiolaris
Lance-leaved arnica,
Lanceleaf arnica,
New England arnica,
Hairy arnica
Arnica à aigrettes brunes,
Arnica soyeux
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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Subtribe Madiinae[edit | edit source]

Madia[edit | edit source]

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Madia
Genus Madia Tarweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Hook.

Mountain tarweed Introduced,
Impersistent,
N. America native

NYFA: Xm

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 Molina

Chilean tarweed,
Coast tarweed
Introduced,
Impersistent,
US West native

NYFA: Xm

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Centromadia[edit | edit source]

Centromadia pungens ssp. pungens - common spikeweed

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Madieae — Madiinae — Centromadia
Genus Centromadia Spikeweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Hook. & Arn.) Greene
ssp. pungens

1841. Hartmannia pungens Hook. & Arn.
1843. Hemizonia pungensin…
1894. Centromadia pungensin…
Common spikeweed,
Common tarweed,
Pungent false tarplant
Introduced from
 southwestern USA,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X

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Tribe Eupatorieae[edit | edit source]

Subtribe Ageratinae[edit | edit source]

Ageratum[edit | edit source]

Ageratum houstonianum
bluemink or flossflower

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Ageratinae — Ageratum
Genus Ageratum Whiteweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Mill.

    Ageratum houstonianum Mill.
Bluemink
Houston's whiteweed
Flossflower

Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm

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Genus Ageratum (excluded taxa) Whiteweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

    Ageratum conyzoides
Goatweed
Tropical whiteweed

Yerba de Cabrio
Not native,
N.Y. excluded,
iMapInvasives

NYFA-Excluded

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Subtribe Oxylobinae[edit | edit source]

Ageratina[edit | edit source]

Ageratina altissima
white snakeroot

Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Oxylobinae — Ageratina
Genus Ageratina Snakeroot N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.

1753. Ageratum altissimum L.
1779. Eupatorium rugosum Houtt.
1970. Ageratina altissima
(L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
White snakeroot,
Richweed
Eupatoire rugueuse,
Eupatoire à feuilles molles
Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5

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 (L.) Spach

Small white snakeroot,
Small-leaved white snakeroot,
Lesser snakeroot
Native,
Endangered,
Protected (a)
Kings (1888),
Nassau (1902-19),
Queens
NYFA: 1

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Subtribe Mikaniinae[edit | edit source]

Mikania[edit | edit source]

Mikania scandens
climbing hempweed
Climbing hempweed (Mikania scandens) is native to New York State but appears to be concentrated around Lake Ontario, the Lower Hudson Valley, and Long Island.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Mikaniinae — Mikania
Genus Mikania Hempvine N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Willd.

Climbing hempweed
Climbing boneset
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-vine

NYFA: 4

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Subtribe Gyptidinae[edit | edit source]

Conoclinium[edit | edit source]

Conoclinium coelestinum
The mistflowers (genus Conoclinium) include four North American perennials, of which only blue mistflower has been found as far north and east as New York State. However the native range of blue mistflower appears to extend only as far to the northeast as southern Pennsylvania, and it is uncertain whether this plant has truly naturalized in New York.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Gyptidinae — Conoclinium
Genus Conoclinium Thoroughwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC.

1753. Eupatorium coelestinum L.
1836. Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC.
1878. Conoclinium dichotomum Chapm.
Blue mistflower,
Blue boneset
Introduced,
N. America native

NYFA: X

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Subtribe Liatridinae[edit | edit source]

Liatris[edit | edit source]

Liatris spicata
Blazing star (Liatris) species are native to much of eastern North America, but only Liatris scariosa and Liatris cylindracea are listed as clearly native to New York State, and those are listed as threatened or endangered. Apparently the most common Liatris species in New York, Liatris spicata is listed with "Unknown Native Status" in the New York Flora Atlas, and BONAP lists it as "Species native, but adventive in state" for both New York and New England.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Liatridinae — Liatris
Genus Liatris Blazing star N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Willd.
var. spicata

    
    
    
Button blazing star
Marsh blazing star
Dense blazing star
Dense gayfeather
Sessile-headed blazing star
N. America native,
Unk. NY nativity

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Sun

NYFA: UN
NYFA: 9 counties
iNat
8 counties

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 (L.) Willd.
var. novae-angliae Lunell

New England blazing star Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened

NYFA: 2

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 (L.) Willd.
var. nieuwlandii (Lunell) E.G. Voss

Nieuwland's blazing star Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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 Michx.

Slender blazing-star Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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 Michx.

Rough gayfeather,
Tall blazing star,
Tall gayfeather
Introduced,
N. America native

NYFA: X

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 Michx.
var. pycnostachya

Thick-spiked blazing star,
Cattail gayfeather,
Prairie blazing star
Introduced from
 US midwest,
Midwest native

NYFA: X

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Subtribe Eupatoriinae[edit | edit source]

The Eupatoriinae contains the Joe-Pye weeds and thoroughworts, both of which were formerly placed in the genus Eupatorium. However, in 1970, Robert M. King and Harold E. Robinson recommended moving the Joe-Pye weeds to a new genus Eupatoriadelphus.[1] Subsequent molecular studies supported their recommendation for the taxon split, but it was determined that Eutrochium Raf. (1836) was an earlier validly published genus name for Joe-Pye weeds, so Eric E. Lamont transferred the Joe-pye weeds to Eutrochium in 2004.[2]
  1. King, R. M., and H. Robinson, 1970b. "Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXV. A new genus which they coined Eupatoriadelphus." Phytologia 19: 431–432.
  2. Eric E. Lamont (2004) "New combinations in Eutrochium (Asteraceae: Eupatorieae), an earlier name than Eupatoriadelphus." SIDA, contributions to botany. 21: 901-902.

Eupatorium[edit | edit source]

Eupatorium perfoliatum
common boneset
Eupatorium (thoroughwort or boneset) contains the white-flowering plants of the Eupatoriinae, native to the northern hemisphere. Most Eupatorium species found in New York are native to the state, and many are listed a protected species.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eupatorium
Genus Eupatorium Thoroughwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

1753. Eupatorium perfoliatum L.
1903. Eupatorium chapmanii Small
Common boneset,
Thoroughwort,
Boneset thoroughwort,
Thoroughwax
Eupatoire perfoliée
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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Hyssop-leaved
thoroughwort
Hyssopleaf
thoroughwort
Native, CoC: 3,
Vulnerable

NYFA: 3-4

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    Eupatorium rotundifolium
var. saundersii
Vervain thoroughwort,
Rough boneset
Native,
Vulnerable

NYFA: 3-4

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Torrey’s thoroughwort Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2

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White thoroughwort Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2-3

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White-bracted
  thoroughwort,
Justiceweed
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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var. rotundifolium

    Eupatorium verbenifolium
Round-leaved boneset,
Roundleaf thoroughwort
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: Z

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Muhl. ex Willd.

    Eupatorium pubescens[1]
    E. rotundifoliumssp. ovatum
    E. rotundifoliumvar. ovatum
Hairy boneset,
Hairy thoroughwort,
Roundleaf thoroughwort
Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1

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Late-flowering
  thorough-wort,
Late boneset
N. America native,
Unknown NY nativity,
SNR, G5

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2

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Pine barren boneset Native,
Extirpated

NYFA: Z

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L.

Upland boneset,
Sessile-leaved boneset
Native, CoC: 7,
Unranked

NYFA: U

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Tall boneset,
Tall thoroughwort
N. America native,
Unknown NY nativity

NYFA: X

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(Lam.) Small ex Porter & Britton

    Eupatorium capillifoliumin…
Dog fennel
Dogfennel

N. America native,
Unk. NY nativity

NYFA: U

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1753. Eupatorium cannabinum L.
Hemp-agrimony
Eupatoire chanvrine,
Eupatoire à
  feuilles de chanvre
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X

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Genus Eupatorium (excluded taxa) Thoroughwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.

    Eupatorium album L.
    Eupatorium glandulosum Michx.
    Eupatorium fernaldii Godfrey
    Eupatorium petaloideum
White thoroughwort Native,
Endangered

NYFA-Excluded

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Note: CA
  1. The New York Flora Atlas lists E. rotundifolium var. ovatum as E. pubescens. The Flora of North America says "Variety ovatum is an apomictic polyploid that may be a derivative of Eupatorium rotundifolium and E. sessilifolium. Morphologically, it is closer to E. rotundifolium than to E. sessilifolium; the name E. pubescens has priority at species rank."

Eutrochium[edit | edit source]

Eutrochium maculatum
spotted Joe-Pye weed
Eutrochium (commonly called Joe Pye weed) contains the purple-flowered North American species of the Eupatoriinae. Until 2004, these species were included in the genus Eupatorium and later Eupatoriadelphus.
Asterales — Asteraceae — Asteroideae — Eupatorieae — Eupatoriinae — Eutrochium
Genus Eutrochium Joe-Pye weed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. maculatum

1755. Eupatorium maculatum L.
1970. Eupatoriadelphus maculatus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium maculatum (L.) E.E.Lamont
Spotted Joe Pye weed
Spotted joe pye weed
Spotted Joe-Pye weed

Eupatoire maculée
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb,
Part shade

NYFA: 5

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(L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. foliosum

1908. Eupatorium purpureum  var. foliosum  Fernald
1920. Eupatorium maculatum  var. foliosum  (Fernald) Wiegand
2004. Eutrochium maculatum  var. foliosum  (Fernald) E.E. Lamont
Leafy Joe Pye weed
Spotted joe pye weed

Eupatoire feuillue
Native, CoC: 4,
Unranked

OBL

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Nu

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 (L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. purpureum

1753. Eupatorium purpureum L.
1917. Cunigunda purpurea (L.) Lunell
1970. Eupatoriadelphus purpureus (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium purpureum (L.) E.E.Lamont
Purple Joe-Pye weed,
Sweet-scented Joe-Pye weed,
Sweetscented joe pye weed,
Green-stem joe-pyeweed
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

FAC

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 (Barratt) E.E.Lamont

1841. Eupatorium purpureum  var. angustifolium  Torr. & A.Gray
1849. Eupatorium fistulosum Barratt
1970. Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Barratt) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium fistulosum (Barratt) E.E.Lamont
Hollow Joe-Pye weed,
Trumpetweed
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5

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 (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont

1812. Eupatorium dubium Willd. ex Poir.
1970. Eupatoriadelphus dubius (Willd. ex Poir.) R.M.King & H.Rob.
2004. Eutrochium dubium (Willd. ex Poir.) E.E.Lamont
Coastal plain Joe-Pye weed,
Joe-Pye thoroughwort
Native, CoC: 10,
Vulnerable

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 3

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Genus Eutrochium (excluded taxa) Joe-Pye weed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) E.E.Lamont
 var. bruneri

    Eupatoriadelphus maculatusvar. bruneri
    Eupatorium bruneri A.Gray
Spotted Joe-Pye weed N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

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Eutrochium identification[edit | edit source]
Eutrochium Joe-Pye Weed Floret color Florets per head Capitulescence
shape
Stem color
(besides green)
Stem glaucousness
(white bloom)
Central
stem cavity
(hollow/solid)
Leaf taper
to petiole
Whorled Leaves
per Node
Leaf
main
veins
Max
stem
height
E. purpureum Purple or Sweet pale pink, purplish (4-)5 - 8(-10) round, domed dark purple at nodes not/scarcely glaucous solid or thin
cavity at base
gradual taper 3 - 4 1 2 m
E. fistulosum Hollow or Trumpetweed pink-purple (4-)5 - 8(-10) round, domed purple throughout prominently glaucous large cavity
(hollow)
gradual taper (3)4 - 7(8) 1 3 m
E. maculatum Spotted purplish (8-)9 - 20(-22) flatish top purple spots or all purple rarely glaucous solid or
thin cavity at base
gradual taper 4 - 5(>5) 1 2 m
E. dubium Coastal-plain purple (4-)5 - >8(-10) round, domed fine purple spots/streaks abruptly narrowed 3 1 m