Diagnostic Radiology/Printable version

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Diagnostic Radiology

The current, editable version of this book is available in Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection, at
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Diagnostic_Radiology

Permission is granted to copy, distribute, and/or modify this document under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License.


Musculoskeletal Anatomy

a. Bones

b. Joints

  1. Ligaments

c. Muscles

  1. Tendons



Chest Anatomy

Normal Chest Anatomy[edit | edit source]

Name and define the three zones of the airways

Define a secondary pulmonary lobule

Define an acinus

List the lobar and segmental bronchi of both lungs

  • Identify the following structures on the posteroanterior (PA) chest radiograph:
  • Lungs -- right, left, right upper, middle and lower lobes, left upper and lower lobes, lingula
  • Fissures -- minor, superior accessory, inferior accessory, azygous
  • Airway - trachea, carina, main bronchi
  • Heart - right atrium, left atrial appendage, left ventricle, location of the four cardiac valves
  • Pulmonary arteries -- main, right, left, interlobar
  • Aorta -- ascending, arch, descending
  • Veins -- superior vena cava, azygous, left superior intercostal ("aortic nipple")
  • Bones -- spine, ribs, clavicles, scapulae, humerus
  • Right paratracheal stripe
  • Junction lines -- anterior, posterior
  • Aortopulmonary window
  • Azygoesophageal recess
  • Paraspinal lines
  • Left subclavian artery

Identify the following structures on the lateral chest radiograph:

  • Lungs -- right, left, right upper, middle and lower lobes, left upper and lower lobes, lingula
  • Fissures n-- major, minor, superior accessory
  • Airway -- trachea, upper lobe bronchi, posterior wall of bronchus intermedius
  • Heart -- right ventricle, right ventricular outflow stripe, left atrium, left ventricle, the location of the four cardiac valves
  • Pulmonary arteries -- right, left
  • Aorta --ascending, arch, descending
  • Veins -- SVC, IVC, left brachiocephalic (innominate), pulmonary vein confluence
  • Bones -- spine, ribs, scapulae, humerus
  • Retrosternal line
  • Posterior tracheal stripe
  • Right and left hemidiaphragms
  • Raiderís triangle
  • Brachiocephalic (innominate) artery



Vascular Anatomy

  • Aorta
    • Thoracic Aorta
      • Coronary Arteries
      • Innominate Artery
      • Left Common Carotid Artery
      • Left Subclavain Artery
      • Bronchial Arteries
      • Intercostal Arteries
    • Abdominal Aorta
      • Phrenic Arteries
      • Celiac Artery
      • Superior Mesenteric Artery
      • Renal Arteries
      • Gonadal Arteries
      • Inferior Mesenteric Artery
      • Lumbar Arteries
      • Common Iliac Arteries
        • Internal Iliac Artery
        • External Iliac Artery
          • Circumflex Iliac Artery
          • Inferior Epigastric Artery
          • Common Femoral Artery
            • Profunda Femoris Artery
            • Superficial Femoral Artery
              • Popliteal Artery
                • Anterior Tibial Artery
                • Tibio-peroneal Trunk
                  • Posterior Tibial Artery
                  • Peroneal Artery



Neuroradiological Anatomy

Brain and Coverings[edit | edit source]

  1. Skull, sutures
  2. Major apertures
  3. Hemispheres, cortex, gyri, sulci
  4. Major fissures
  5. Major cisterns
  6. Basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland
  7. Pons, cerebellum, cerebellopontine angle
  8. Ventricles, choroid plexus
  9. Vessels and major branches
    1. External carotid artery
    2. Common carotid artery
    3. Internal carotid artery
    4. Circle of Willis
    5. Anterior cerebral artery
    6. Middle cerebral artery
    7. Vertebral, basilar artery
    8. Supratentorial veins, dural sinuses
    9. Infratentorial veins, dural sinuses

Head and Neck[edit | edit source]

  1. Buccal space
  2. Sublingual space
  3. Submandibular space
  4. Parotid space
  5. Parapharyngeal space
  6. Poststyloid parapharyngeal (carotid) space
  7. Masticator space
  8. Retropharyngeal space
  9. Perivertebral space
  10. Posterior cervical space
  11. Pharyngeal mucosal space
    1. Oral cavity
    2. Oropharynx and nasopharynx
    3. Mandible and dental structures
  12. Visceral space
    1. Larynx and hypopharynx
    2. Thyroid
  13. Orbit
  14. Paranasal sinuses
  15. Skull base
    1. Anterior
    2. Central
    3. Posterior
  16. Temporal bone

Spine[edit | edit source]

  1. Vertebral bodies
  2. Facet joints and transverse processes
  3. Lamina and spinous processes
  4. Support ligaments
  5. Specific characteristics of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar segments
  6. Cranio-vertebral and lumbo-sacral junctions
  7. Normal stability and motion



Musculoskeletal Imaging

  1. Aspects of Basic Science Related to Bone
  2. Techniques Relevant to Musculoskeletal Radiology
  3. Normal Features and Variants
  4. Congenital and Developmental Abnormalities of the Spine
  5. Congenital Anomalies and Dysplasias (Basic)
  6. Congenital Anomalies and Dysplasias (Advanced)
  7. Infection
  8. Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions (Basic)
  9. Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions (Advanced)
  10. Soft Tissue Lesions
  11. Trauma
  12. Metabolic, Systemic, and Hematologic Disorders (Basic)
  13. Metabolic, Systemic, and Hematologic Disorders (Advanced)
  14. Joint Disorders

These broad categories are adapted from those developed by the Education Committee of the American Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology, 1997-1998.



Chest Imaging

  1. Signs in Chest Radiology
  2. Specific Indications of Chest Radiology
  3. Interstitial Lung Disease
  4. Alveolar Lung Disease
  5. Atelectasis, Airways and Obstructive Lung Disease
  6. Mediastinal Masses and Mediastinal/Hilar Lymph Node Enlargement
  7. Solitary and Multiple Pulmonary Nodules
  8. Benign and Malignant Neoplasms of the Lung
  9. Chest Trauma
  10. Chest Wall, Pleura and Diaphragm
  11. Infection (Immunocompetent, Immunocompromised and Post-transplant Patients
  12. Unilaterla Hyperlucent Lung (or hemthorax)
  13. Congenital Lung Disease
  14. Pulmonary Vascular
  15. Thoracic Aorta and Great Vessels
  16. Ischemic Heart Disease
  17. Myocardial Disease
  18. Cardiac Valvular Disease
  19. Pericardial Disease
  20. Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult
  21. Monitoring and support devices -- "tubes and lines"
  22. Postoperative Chest



Neuroradiological Imaging

  1. Basic and Advanced Instrumentation
  2. Congenital CNS Lesions
  3. CNS Infections
  4. Neoplasms and Other Masses
  5. Trauma
  6. White Matter Disease
  7. Cerebrovascular Disease
  8. Metabolic Disease
  9. General Systemic Disorders
  10. Hydrocephalus
  11. Cognitive Imaging



Musculoskeletal Diagnosis

  1. Arthritis
  2. Lucent Lesions of Bone
  3. Sclerotic Lesions of Bone
  4. Periosteal Reaction
  5. Soft Tissue Calcification
  6. Fractures Without Significant Trauma
  7. Painful Joint Prosthesis
  8. Orthopedic Hardware
  9. Scoliosis
  10. Osteopenia



Chest Diagnosis

Chest Wall, Mediastinum and Pleura[edit | edit source]

  1. Chest Wall Lesions
  2. Pleural Masses
  3. Pleural Effusions
  4. Pleural Thickening and Pleural Calcification
  5. Elevated Hemidiaphragm
  6. Mediastinal Shift
  7. Anterior Mediastinal Mass
  8. Middle Mediastnal Mass
  9. Posterior Mediastinal Mass
  10. Hilar Mass

Increased Pulmonary Opacities[edit | edit source]

  1. Atelectasis
  2. Segmental and Lobar Opacities
  3. Diffuse Coalescent Opacities
  4. Fine Reticular Opacities
  5. Coarse Reticular Opacities
  6. Diffuse Fine Nodular Disease
  7. Multifocal Ill-defined Opacities
  8. Multiple Nodules and Masses
  9. Solitary Pulmonary Nodule

Loss of Pulmonary Opacity[edit | edit source]

  1. Hyperlucent Lungs
  2. Solitary Localized Lucent Defect
  3. Multiple Lucent Lesions



Pediatric Radiology Regions

External links[edit | edit source]



Pediatric Radiology Etiology

External links[edit | edit source]


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