Welsh/Useful Phrases

Useful phrases

Greetings
Cymraeg	English
Croeso (i Gymru)	Welcome (to Wales)
Helo	Hello
Bore da	Good morning
Prynhawn da	Good afternoon
Noswaith dda	Good evening
Sut ydych chi	How are you
Iawn	OK
Da iawn	Very good
Go lew	Fine
Dim yn ddrwg	Not bad
Gwael!	Awful!
Diolch	Thanks
Beth amdanoch chi?	What about you?
Hwyl fawr!	Goodbye!
Hwyl fawr am nawr!	Goodbye for now!
Wela i chi!	See you later!

Please and thanks
Cymraeg	English
Da	Good
Drwg	Bad
Mae'n ddrwg gen i	I'm sorry
Esgusodwch fi	Excuse me
Iechyd da!	Cheers! (good health)
Dw i ddim yn deall	I don't understand
Dw i ddim yn gwybod	I don't know
Beth yw ... yn Saesneg?	What is ... in English?
Beth yw ... yn Gymraeg?	What is ... in Welsh?
Ydych chi'n siarad ...?	Do you speak?
Saesneg	English
Ffrangeg	French
Almaeneg	German
Sbaeneg	Spanish
Eidaleg	Italian
Beth yw hwn?	What is this?
Beth yw hwnnw?	What is that?
Beth yw hwn (hwnnw) yn Gymraeg?	What is this (that) in Welsh?
Sut ych chi'n dweud ... yn Gymraeg?	How do you say ... in Welsh?
Os gwelwch yn dda	Please
Diolch yn fawr	Thanks very much
Dim problem	No problem
Croeso	(You're) welcome
Wyt ti'n iawn?	Are you OK?
Beth sy'n bod?	What's the matter?
'Sdim ots	It doesn't matter
Dim byd	Nothing
Dim byd o gwbl	Nothing at all
Ble mae ...?	Where is ...?
Ble mae'r toiled?	Where is the toilet?

Yes and No

Welsh doesn't have a single word to use every time for yes and no questions. The word used depends on the form of the question. You must generally answer using the relevant form of the verb used in the question, or in questions where the verb is not the first element you use either 'ie' / 'nage'. "Ie" is often pronounced "ia" in northern dialects of Welsh.

Cymraeg	English
Ie / Ia	Yes
Na	No
Oes	There is/are
Nac oes	There is not
Ydy	It is
Nac ydy	It isn't
Ydw	I am
Nac ydw	I'm not

• Oes and Nac oes are used to answer questions regarding a quantity or existance of an object (i.e. the 3 sg. present indicative of the existential verb).
• Ydy and Nac ydy are the 3 sg. present indicative of the substantive verb 'to be' used, e.g., where the sentence involves a predicate.
• Ydw and Nac ydw are the 1 sg. present indicative of the substantive verb, used either existentially or in the case of predicates.

Examples

Cwestiwn ac Ateb	Question and Answer	Literally
Oes ci gennych? Oes	Do you have a dog? Yes	Is there a dog with you? There is
Oes ci gennych? Nac oes	Do you have a dog? No	Is there a dog with you? There is not
Ydy hi'n oer? Ydy	Is it cold? Yes	Is it (fem.) cold? It is
Ydy hi'n oer? Nac ydy	Is it cold? No	Is it (fem.) cold? It isn't
Ydych chi'n hoffi siocled? Ydw	Do you like chocolate? Yes	Are you liking chocolate? I am
Ydych chi'n hoffi siocled? Nac ydw	Do you like chocolate? No	Are you liking chocolate? I'm not

Numbers

Numeral	Welsh
1	un
2	dau (m.), dwy (f.)
3	tri (m.), tair (f.)
4	pedwar (m.), pedair (f.)
5	pum(p)
6	chwe(ch)
7	saith
8	wyth
9	naw
10	deg
11	Un ar ddeg

Days of the week

English	Cymraeg
Monday	dydd Llun
Tuesday	dydd Mawrth
Wednesday	dydd Mercher
Thursday	dydd Iau
Friday	dydd Gwener
Saturday	dydd Sadwrn
Sunday	dydd Sul

Months of the year

Cymraeg	English
Ionawr	January
Chwefror	February
Mawrth	March
Ebrill	April
Mai	May
Mehefin	June
Gorffennaf	July
Awst	August
Medi	September
Hydref	October
Tachwedd	November
Rhagfyr	December

Seasons of the year

Cymraeg	English
Gwanwyn	Spring
Haf	Summer
Hydref	Autumn
Gaeaf	Winter

Common phrases

• Welsh: Cymraeg (kum-RAig / kum-ra:g)
• English: Saesneg (SAY-sneg / SIS-neg)
• Good morning!: Bore da! (bo-re da)
• Good afternoon!: P'nawn da! (p'nown da)
• Welcome!: Croeso! (KROY-so)
• Goodbye!: Da boch chi! (da BO-khi)
• Cheerio!: Hwyl fawr! (hooil vowR)
• Good night!: Nos da! (no:s da)
• Please: Os gwelwch chi'n dda (oss GWEL-oo-khin dha)
• Thank you: Diolch (DEE-olkh)
• Thank you very much: Diolch yn fawr (DEE-olkh'n vowR)
• You're welcome: Croeso (krojso)
• No thank you: Dim diolch (dim dee-olkh)
• Yes: Ie (EE-eh), Do (do:), Oes (oyss / o:s), Ydy (UD-ee) etc.

There are at least 20 words for “yes”.

To answer “yes” you must use a response which is in grammatical agreement with the question.

“Oes...?” (Is there...?) is answered with “Oes” (Yes there is).

“Ydy...?” (Is he/she...?) is answered with “Ydy” (Yes he/she is).

“Ydw...?” (Am I...?) would however be answered appropriately with “Ydych” (Yes you are) and vice versa.

“Ie” (Yes) is used when the verb is not the initial element of the question.

“Do” (Yes I did, Yes you did, etc.) is used in reply to questions in the past tense.

• No: Na (nah)

To contradict someone or to give a more definite “no” you can however precede the words for “yes” with “na” or “nag”, e.g. “Nag oes!” (No there isn’t!) (The opposite of Do is Naddo.)

• (I’m) sorry!: Mae'n flin gen i! (mai'n vleen Gen ee)
• Isn’t it? Wouldn’t it? Aren’t they? Won’t we? etc.: Ynte? (un-teh)
• Cheers! Good health!: Iechyd da! (YEKH-id dah)