Jump to content

Welsh/Grammar/Verbs/Past

From Wikibooks, open books for an open world

The present tense in Welsh can translate as either the 'present indicative' or the 'present progressive'. For example, Dwi'n siarad can translate as 'I speak', 'I do speak', 'I am speaking'.

Present Tense - bod (to be)
Cymraeg English Cymraeg English
I do, I am Rydw i We do, We are Rydyn ni
You do, you are Rwyt ti You do, you are Rydych chi
He does, He is Mae e/o They do, They are Maen nhw
Use the particle 'yn' to connect Verb-Nouns. Yn shortens to 'n after a vowel, as in the following examples.

Dwi'n siarad Cymraeg.

I speak Welsh. I do speak Welsh. I am speaking Welsh.


Mae hi'n mynd i'r theatr.

I go to the theatre. I do go to the theatre. I am going to the theatre.


Maen nhw'n canu.

They sing. They do sing. They are singing.


Remember: If using the particle with a noun or adjective, the noun must undergo a soft-mutation if possible.

Dwi'n athro.

I'm a teacher


Mae hi'n bump oed.

She is 5 years old.


Present Tense Responses bod - to be
Cymraeg English Cymraeg English
Yes: I do, I am Ydw / Nac ydw Yes: We do, We are Ydyn / Nac ydyn
Yes: You do, you are Wyt / Nac wyt Yes: You do, you are Ydych / Nac ydych
Yes: He does, He is Ydy / Nac ydy Yes: They do, They are Ydyn / Nac ydyn
Remember: Welsh does not use 'yes' or 'no' responses. Instead, you answer with a more direct 'I do' or 'He is' type response.

A: Wyt ti'n mynd i'r parc?
B: Ydw. Dwi'n mynd i'r parc.

A: Are you going to the park?
B: I am (yes). I'm going to the park.


A: Ydy hi'n hoffi ffilmiau?
B: Ydy. Mae'n hi'n hoffi ffilmiau.

A: Does she like films?
B: She does (yes). She likes films.


A: Ydy Brad yn chwarae heddiw?
B: Nac ydy. Dydy Brad ddim yn chwarae heddiw.

A: Is Brad playing today?
B: He isn't. Brad isn't playing today.