Using an Abacus

Reconstruction of a Roman abacus

• Introduction
• Basics
• Addition
• Subtraction
  • Exercises
• Multiplication
  • Exercises
• Division
  • Exercises
• Negative Numbers
• Hexadecimal Calculation with the Chinese Abacus
  • Exercises

External links

• Abacus: Mystery of the Bead - An Abacus Manual
• Advanced Abacus Techniques
• Lee Kai-chen's Improved Abacus - A demonstration of how the Lee's Abacus works