Elementary Spanish/Unit1-Tradiciones

Goals

• Introduce language used at holidays and gatherings
• Begin Present Tense
• Advance production for simple present tense phrases.

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Introduction For this unit, we will focus on the theme of holidays and celebrations. To begin practicing, read the following three sentences, and try to identify their corresponding English phrase. Try to find matching translations! Warm Up Activity Español Inglés A La casa es pequeña. 1 The boy celebrates. B Las amigas preparar la cena. 2The house is small. C El niño celebra. 3The friends prepare the dinner.

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Part 1: Articles and Nouns In Part 1 we will discuss articles and nouns, as they relate to holidays and celebrations. Before we move into more complicated grammar components, starting off with a general understanding of how masculine and feminine structures work in Spanish will give a great basis. Part 1: Lesson Add more information here about what this section covers Articles in Spanish are classified in two sets of categories. These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence. Article Description Feminine: Number Spanish English Example Singular La The La casa es roja. Singular Una A Tengo una amiga. Plural Las The Las niñas juegan. Plural Unas * (slang for some) A (plural) * Some* Unas casas son rojas, otras son verdes. Article Description Masculine: Number Spanish English Example Singular El The El apartamento es grande. Singular Un A Tengo un amigo. Plural Los The Los niños hablan. Plural Unos A *(slang for some) Unos apartamentos son grandes, otros pequeños. These are nouns that relate to our topic of Family Traditions. Here, we include words that relate to parties, holidays and events, as well as different types of celebrations. General Vocabulary Español Inglés comida food familia family amigo friend cena dinner casa house apartamento apartment hogar home restaurante restaurant fiesta party Holiday Types Español Inglés Navidad Christmas Kwanzaa Kwanzaa Hanukkah Hanukkah Día de los Muertos Day of the Dead Solsticio de Invierno Winter Solstice Diwali (Festival de las luces) Diwali (Festival of lights) Pascua Easter Año Nuevo New Years Día de Independencia Independence Day Student Activity Check Point Part 1 Teacher Activity Guide Part 1

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Part 2: Subject Pronouns and Infinitive Verbs In Part 2, we will gain familiarity with subject pronouns. In this section, we will gain a solid familiarity of pronouns and infinitive verbs separately before we combine these ideas to begin work on creating short sentences. Part 2: Lesson Subject Pronouns Classes of gender and number also exist within subject pronouns. These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence. In Spanish, it is common for subject pronouns to be omitted, as they are incorporated as part of a verb conjugation. We will begin verb conjugations next. Persona Person Español Inglés Yo I Tú You Él He Ella She Nosotros We Ellos They Ellas They (females) Infinitive Verbs: Family Tradition There are three broad categories of verb-types in Spanish: Verbs that end in ... -AR* -ER* -IR* Infinitive Verb List Regular Verbs Español Inglés preparar to prepare invitar to invite cocinar to cook viajar to travel celebrar to celebrate decorar to decorate deber should comer to eat vivir to live escribir to write leer to read Irregular Verbs Español Inglés ir to go venir to come tener to have salir to go out / to leave querer to want ser to be (permanent) estar to be (temporary) Student Check Point Part 2 Teacher Activity Guide Part 2

Part 3: Verb Conjugations In this section we will learn about how subject pronouns are associated with particular verb endings in Spanish Here, we will begin making short phrases by combining subjects and verbs in a single word. Part 3: Lesson The general formula for creating verb conjugations is to replace the infinitive verb ending (-ar/-er/-ir) with the appropriate ending of the subject. Although there are three verb-ending categories, -er and -ir verbs tend to share most of the conjugation endings. Conjugated Verbs:Present Tense Subject - Verb Ending Conjugations In Spanish, verbs are conjugated depending on the subject they are associated with, as well as the tense. For now, we will focus on Present Simple Tense Each subject pronoun is associated with a particular verb-ending type. Persona Verb ends in: Español Inglés Yo : I -o Tú : You -as / -es Él : He -a / -e Ella: She -a / -e Nosotros: We -amos / -emos Ellos / Ellas: They -an / -en Regular Verbs table Regular Verbs: Present Tense These tables show how verbs change based on the subject pronouns used in the sentence. The ending of the verb is typically dropped, and the corresponding subject pronoun ending is added. -Ar Verbs Table -AR Verbs Subject Pronoun Verb Ending Infinitive Verb Conjugated Verb Example - Spanish Example - Translation Yo -o celebrar celebro Yo celebro a la fiesta. I celebrate at the party. Tú -as invitar invitas Tú invitas a tú amigo. You invite your friend. Él -a preparar prepara Él prepara la comida. He prepares the food. Ella -a cocinar cocina Ella cocina la cena. She cooks the dinner. Nosotros -amos viajar viajamos Viajamos a Florida cada Navidad. We travel to Florida every Christmas. Ellos / Ellas -an decorar decoran Ellos no decoran el árbol. They don't decorate the tree. ER/IR Verbs Table -ER / -IR Verbs Subject Pronoun Verb Ending Infinitive Verb Conjugated Verb Example - Spanish Example - Translation Yo -o comer como Yo como la cena. I eat the dinner. Tú -es escribir escribes Tú escribes una carta. You write a card. Él -e leer lee Él lee la carta. He reads the card. Ella -e vivir vive Ella vive en Nueva York. She lives in New York. Nosotros -imos / -emos comer comemos Comemos juntos a la fiesta del Día de Independenia. We eat together at the Independence Day party. Nosotros -imos / -emos vivir vivimos Nostoros vivimos en Mexico. We live in Mexico. Ellos -en deber deben Ellos deben cocinar. They should cook. Student Check Point Part 3 Teacher Activity Guide Part 3