Arabic/Basic Sentences

"The"-the definite article

In Arabic the word ال "el/èl" does what the English word "the" does. It is pronounced [ al ] but the "a" at the beginning is often elided (not pronounced, because the previous word ended in a vowel).

Examples: رَجُل
rajuluń = a man
Pronounced: ra-jul

الرَّجُل
èl rajul= the man
pronounced: ar-ra-jul.

الرجل èl rajul is pronounced ar-ra-jul instead of al-rajul, because "r" is a sun letter. Whenever el is prefixed to a sun letter the transliteration system will indicate this by writing èl instead of el. There is no need to memorize sun letters. e.g. الشمس èl shams is pronounced ash-shams (meaning: the sun).

Add ال el to the beginning of a word, is like adding "the" before a word in English.

Writing it

Here is an example of what not to do:

Incorrect: ال رجل

Correct:  الرجل

Notice that the ل (laam) must connect to the next letter, which was a ر (raa') in the case above.

ال el also has a second use. When you find ال it usually has the same funciton as "the" in English.

mankind إنسان الإنسان man

It is often used to talk about a thing in general. The previous example showed one word meaning "a man" the second was the same word with the prefix "ال" (al) and it meant, man in general (i.e. mankind). So in English where one says "owls go to sleep at night" in Arabic we would say "the owl goes to sleep at night" and this would mean it is indicating owls in general and not a specific owl.

So what word holds the same functions as the word "a", you might ask? In Arabic there is no word that holds that function.

so "a man" is just one word رجل There is no word, or prefix that has the same funciton as "a".

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