User:Swift/Font test
Watch and Listen
[edit | edit source]Listen to the teacher read the following phrases, or click here (help·info) to listen on your computer.
Adjective | Noun | Adjective and noun |
---|---|---|
ハンサムだ。 | ハンサムな | |
Vocabulary
[edit | edit source]Japanese | English | Reading | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
人 | person, people | ひと | |
女 | woman | おんな | |
男 | man | おとこ | |
授業 | class (session, not group of people), lecture | じゅぎょう |
Japanese | English | Reading | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
奇麗 | beautiful; clean, tidy | きれい | |
ハンサム | handsome | ハンサム | |
優秀 | excellent | ゆうしゅう | |
有名 | famous | ゆうめい | |
大切 | important | たいせつ | |
簡単 | simple, easy | かんたん | |
宿題 | homework | しゅくだい |
Grammar
[edit | edit source]There are two types of adjectives in modern Japanese: な- and い-adjectives. Both are descriptive and modify nouns. They describe nouns and form predicates differently. The な-adjectives (形容動詞, けいようどうし) conjugate with nouns by appending "〜な" before the following noun.
な-Adjective Predicates
[edit | edit source]When used as predicates, な-adjectives behave just like nouns:
<な-adjective> | です |
だ |
Examples:
Japanese | English | Reading | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
奇麗です。 | (She) is pretty. (formal) | きれいです。 | |
有名です。 | (It) is famous. (formal) | ゆうめいです。 | |
簡単です。 | (This) is simple. (formal) | かんたん | |
元気だ。 | (I'm) well. (informal) | げんきだ。 | |
ハンサムだ。 | (He) is handsome. (informal) | ハンサムだ。 | |
優秀だ。 | (They) are bright. (informal) | ゆうしゅうだ。 | |
大切だ。 | (That) is important. (informal) | たいせつだ。 |
Note that the pronouns are usually dropped when they can be inferred from context. The pronouns in the English version are examples only to make better formed English sentences. For example, "
な-Adjectives noun modifierss
[edit | edit source]When modifying nouns, な-adjectives take a "な" before the nouns:
<な-adjective> な <noun> | です |
だ |
Examples:
English | Adjective | noun | sentence |
---|---|---|---|
a healthy person | |||
a famous doctor | |||
an important class |
Practice
[edit | edit source]Translate the following sentences into Japanese:
Template:Col-2t Formal Japanese
- I am well.
- He is bright.
- She is famous.
- That is simple.
- She is a pretty woman.
- He is a healthy man.
- This is an important class.
- They are bright students.
Template:Col-2m Informal Japanese
- He is famous.
- She is well.
- They are bright.
- This is important.
- He is a handsome man.
- She is an important person.
- This is a tidy classroom.
- They are healthy students.
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