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What Features of the Indian Education System of the Present Stand Out?

Objectives

By the end of this chapter, students will be able to:

-         Learn about Indian education.

-         Positive aspects of Indian education

-         Being aware of the challenges and problematic elements in education

-         Understanding the elements of a successful educational system

-         Comprehending the educational differences between different countries

Education is a fundamental human right, a catalyst for growth, and one of the most powerful instruments for eradicating poverty and advancing gender equality, health, peace, and stability.  We currently live in a knowledge-based age where education is the most important tool for development. Education is a journey that should be treasured rather than a destination. This is a route that shapes not only individual lives but also the histories of whole countries and lays the groundwork for advancement. Education is a comprehensive process that fosters not only individual progress but also positive social and national development. It is the cornerstone of any nation's progress.

Education System in India

India has a distinctive educational system created to protect the history, beliefs, and customs of the country. In the past, children from upper castes in India had more access to schooling. The new education policy, on the other hand, aspires to ensure equality of opportunity and the right to education for every kid, irrespective of social class.

Every child between the ages of three and 18 is guaranteed compulsory and free schooling under India's Right to Education Act 2020. According to data on education in India, 26% of the country's 1.39 billion people are between the ages of 0 and 14, which presents a significant opportunity for the primary education sector. (Department of school Education & Literacy, 2021)

India’s four-level free and compulsory education:

1.                 Foundation stage (ages 3 to 8), according to the NEP (National Education Policy), the five-year foundational stage of education consists of two years of primary school followed by three years of preschool.

2.                 Preparatory stage (ages 8 to 11), In this three-year period, language development will be prioritized, but numeracy skills will also be covered. Activity-based classroom interactions will also continue, with an emphasis on the aspect of discovery.

3.                 Middle stage (ages 11 to 14), The three-year plan's emphasis moves for classes six through eight to critical learning goals, such as hands-on instruction in the humanities, social sciences, arts, and sciences.

4.                 Secondary stage (ages 14 to 18)

Students can select from a range of subject pairings for classes 9, 10, 11, and 12, depending on their interests and ability sets. Critical thinking, an open mind, and flexibility of thought are encouraged at this point.

India has the best international educational system  

The quality of education in India is of the highest order; this also applies to international students. The Indian government has also started a number of initiatives to ensure the quality of education in India. The government's "Indian Education Initiative" has increased its focus on raising the bar for higher education. Indian educational institutions are recognized for providing students with a thorough education that fosters their personal development. (Amiotte, 2008)

Numerous of India's greatest universities have demonstrated their ability to generate top-notch students through their rigorous admissions processes. Indian educational institutions provide students with more than just theoretical information; they also help them comprehend how to put it to use through practical instruction. Students in Indian universities have a space to test out and put their theories into practice. Students benefit from this as they develop their capacity for critical thought and problem-solving.

The responsibility for upholding educational standards and quality rests with the Indian government, which is also in charge of conducting research, integrating educational possibilities with labor market needs, and funding advanced research and study. (Gupta & Dubey, 2019)

The Indian Curriculum Covers a Wide Range of Subjects

Education is simply the idea of teaching in a specific way. The level of societal material and cultural development affects the fundamentals of education, including its content.

The "Indian curriculum" is the name given to the educational program that is implemented in schools and institutions throughout India. It is a comprehensive and well-organized curriculum that aims to provide students with a solid education across a range of subjects and disciplines. The Indian curriculum aims to develop in students a variety of skills and capacities, including critical thinking, problem solving, communication, and teamwork. (Chhokar, 2010) The Indian educational system consists of the basic, secondary, and upper secondary levels of instruction. Math, science, social studies, and languages are frequently studied by children in primary school. In high school, the curriculum is expanded to include harder classes like physics, chemistry, biology, history, and geography. In accordance with their interests and future plans, students can also select electives.

Problems in Education

According to reports, 6.1 million children missed school in 2014, compared to 13.46 million in 2006. Out of 100 students, 29% of boys and girls leave elementary school before completing the required coursework, and usually, these are the most disadvantaged children. (Source: SRI-IMRB Surveys from 2009 and 2014)

One of the main problems with the Indian education system is that children are not included in education. Despite the country's remarkable economic growth and rising incomes, many rural and underprivileged communities lack access to high-quality education. This problem affects more girls than boys. Last years, India has increased access to high-quality schooling, increased elementary school attendance, and lowered the percentage of children who are not in school.

The Indian educational system is frequently criticized in a variety of ways for failing to provide students with the necessary employability in accordance with business requirements and for failing to contribute to overall development in the nation (Gupta & Dubey,2019).

India's educational system is also having trouble with a shortage of financing in addition to these problems. Despite the government's commitment to education, many institutions and schools continue to lack the resources needed to provide their students with a top-notch education. This includes funding for necessary buildings like classrooms and libraries as well as assistance with the development of new curricula and teacher preparation programs.

Conclusion

Humanity now sees education as a basic need because it gives them the knowledge they need to solve life's problems. Nelson Mandela's quote "Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world" has not lost its relevance until now. There is no doubt that education has become an important component of modern society as it contributes greatly to social and economic development as well as the development of humanity and nation. If a person wants to succeed and advance in life, he must be educated. Similarly, for the development of the country, its education system and population should be developed in all aspects.

I would substitute the Uzbek educational system with the top-notch teaching methods employed by Indian universities. The complexity of their entry-level requirements implies that the student must learn more and study more, all of which are crucial steps in developing mature employees. The utilization of creativity, innovations, research, and technological resources in the lesson has further elevated the standard of instruction. The modern Indian educational system is more efficient, adaptable, and practical as a result of these aspects. I think that bringing these aspects to our education will also raise our education level to high results.

References:

Gupta, B. & Dubey, S. (2019) Contemporary Issues and Challenges in the Indian Education System. Education System. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 9(1), 190–194.

Amiotte, Sh. (2008) Bureau of Indian Education and tribal school leaders' perceptions of school -level factors leading to academic achievement for Native American students.  University of South Dakota ProQuest Dissertations.

Chhokar, K. B. (2010) Higher education and curriculum innovation for sustainable development in India. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education. ISSN: 1467-6370