Education in Uzbekistan
Education cannot be stereotypically attributed to an area of departmental or sectoral policy, but should be approached as a nationwide, strategically important issue. The initial significance of education for socio-economic development is defined at the governmental level: the system of lifelong education in Uzbekistan has all the conditions for the renovation of both traditional and innovative forms of education, developing life-long learning activities and becoming an integral part of everyday human life. Let us consider the stages of lifelong learning, established in Uzbekistan.
In the era of globalization, education becomes an essential component of economic development and the accumulation of national wealth. The high spiritual level of the population can organically create a legal culture, the ability of people to live and work in a democratic state, being aware of their rights and freedoms, and being able to use them in the interests of individuals, state and society. The state is interested in the development of the intellectual and spiritual potential of the country: about 35% of Uzbekistan’s population is aged 16 and more than 62% is under the age of 30. The government expenditures on education are considered to be the most important investment in the growth of national wealth: Uzbekistan annually spends 10-12% of GDP and 35% of the costs of the state budget on the development and reforming of the education system. The prestige of the pedagogical professions is increasing, and thus teachers’ salaries also increase, with the growth in wages of teachers and professors over the past 10 years being 1.5 times the average rate of wage increases in other sectors of the economy. At the heart of educational reform is the establishment of a sense of prestige of knowledge, education and high intelligence in society. Only people who are aware of the need for harmony in national and universal values and have the latest knowledge and intellectual capabilities as well as advanced technologies can achieve the strategic goals of development[1].
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Uzbekistan is a state of youth. Children, adolescents and young people under the age of 25 make up approximately 60% of the total population. The ancient heritage of Uzbekistan is characterized by love for children, concern for their health, well-being and education. At five million children are studying in school, and more than a million are preparing to become schoolchildren at the kindergarten level. The education of children and youth is one of the main priorities of the state policy of the country. That is why the law on education was adapted in June 1992, which became one of the first laws in our young sovereign state.
The essence of the education reform in Uzbekistan is to preserve the existing intellectual potential of the educational system and change our goals and actions in order to develop people capable of building and living in a democratic civil society and a free market economy. Since gaining independence, the people of Uzbekistan have realized their great responsibility as citizens of the international community and as citizens of our planet. Therefore, one of our main goals is to raise a healthy generation, both physically and mentally. The core principles of our new education policy support this endeavour. Our goals are defined as follows: humanistic, democratic methods of education and socialization, the priority of human values, national and cultural traditions, as well as the separation of educational institutions from the influence of political parties and social and political movements[2].
Currently, when transforming all social activity and development prospects of the country, textbooks are being updated, new subjects are being added, and retraining of teaching staff is being carried out. The development of new state educational standards is nearing completion. A large number of new types of schools are being created. These schools specialize in foreign languages, economics and environmental issues.
Along with this, research to continue the educational complex is being carried out, which includes a kindergarten, a secondary school, research and educational institutions.
Of course, all these processes are not simple. The government must solve many economic and social problems, in addition to other issues. With the support of half a million hardworking teachers who share the same vision, we hope to reach our goal. We understand that one of the main results of the educational reform is a change in the thinking of our people and society[3].
At the same time, we understand that by striving to create a new education system in accordance with world standards, we will succeed by sharing our knowledge and experience with developing countries, contributing to the world education system.
The educational system of Uzbekistan[edit | edit source]
- Pre-School Education
- Primary Education
- Secondary Education
- Higher Education
- Informal Education
- Vocational Education
- Educational Policy and Law
- The Future of Education
- Modern Educational Technologies
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Tsoy, Margarita N. (2012). "Lifelong education in Uzbekistan". Lifelong Education: Continuing Education for Sustainable Development (in Russian). 10 (2): 83–84. Archived from the original on 2022-07-06. Retrieved 2022-07-05.
- ↑ UNESCO (2020). "Programme" (in English) (PDF). International Commission on the Futures of Education. 1st. Paris: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Digital Library. Archived from the original on 2022-01-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20220123103554if_/https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000372674. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
- ↑ "Проблемы образования и пути решения в проекте стратегии инновационного развития [Education problems and solutions are in the draft strategy for innovative development]" (in Russian). Газета.uz (en: Newspaper.uz). 2018-07-13. Archived from the original on 2022-05-17. https://web.archive.org/web/20220517123558if_/https://www.gazeta.uz/ru/2018/07/13/education-strategy/. Retrieved 2022-07-06.