Python Programming/Library Modules
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This is a list of python modules in the standard library as of Python 3.6.
- __future__: Future statement definitions
- __main__: The environment where the top-level script is run.
- _dummy_thread: Drop-in replacement for the _thread module.
- _thread: Low-level threading API.
- abc: Abstract base classes according to PEP 3119.
- aifc: Read and write audio files in AIFF or AIFC format.
- argparse: Command-line option and argument parsing library.
- array: Space efficient arrays of uniformly typed numeric values.
- ast: Abstract Syntax Tree classes and manipulation.
- asynchat: Support for asynchronous command/response protocols.
- asyncio: Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
- asyncore: A base class for developing asynchronous socket handling services.
- atexit: Register and execute cleanup functions.
- audioop: Manipulate raw audio data.
- base64: RFC 3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings; Base85 and Ascii85
- bdb: Debugger framework.
- binascii: Tools for converting between binary and various ASCII-encoded binary representations.
- binhex: Encode and decode files in binhex4 format.
- bisect: Array bisection algorithms for binary searching.
- builtins: The module that provides the built-in namespace.
- bz2: Interfaces for bzip2 compression and decompression.
- calendar: Functions for working with calendars, including some emulation of the Unix cal program.
- cgi: Helpers for running Python scripts via the Common Gateway Interface.
- cgitb: Configurable traceback handler for CGI scripts.
- chunk: Module to read IFF chunks.
- cmath: Mathematical functions for complex numbers.
- cmd: Build line-oriented command interpreters.
- code: Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops.
- codecs: Encode and decode data and streams.
- codeop: Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code.
- collections: Container datatypes
- colorsys: Conversion functions between RGB and other color systems.
- compileall: Tools for byte-compiling all Python source files in a directory tree.
- concurrent:
- configparser: Configuration file parser.
- contextlib: Utilities for with-statement contexts.
- copy: Shallow and deep copy operations.
- copyreg: Register pickle support functions.
- cProfile
- crypt (Unix): The crypt() function used to check Unix passwords.
- csv: Write and read tabular data to and from delimited files.
- ctypes: A foreign function library for Python.
- curses (Unix): An interface to the curses library, providing portable terminal handling.
- datetime: Basic date and time types.
- dbm: Interfaces to various Unix "database" formats.
- decimal: Implementation of the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification.
- difflib: Helpers for computing differences between objects.
- dis: Disassembler for Python bytecode.
- distutils: Support for building and installing Python modules into an existing Python installation.
- doctest: Test pieces of code within docstrings.
- dummy_threading: Drop-in replacement for the threading module.
- email: Package supporting the parsing, manipulating, and generating email messages.
- encodings:
- ensurepip: Bootstrapping the "pip" installer into an existing Python installation or virtual environment.
- enum: Implementation of an enumeration class.
- errno: Standard errno system symbols.
- faulthandler: Dump the Python traceback.
- fcntl (Unix): The fcntl() and ioctl() system calls.
- filecmp: Compare files efficiently.
- fileinput: Loop over standard input or a list of files.
- fnmatch: Unix shell style filename pattern matching.
- formatter: Deprecated: Generic output formatter and device interface.
- fpectl (Unix): Provide control for floating point exception handling.
- fractions: Rational numbers.
- ftplib: FTP protocol client (requires sockets).
- functools: Higher-order functions and operations on callable objects.
- gc: Interface to the cycle-detecting garbage collector.
- getopt: Portable parser for command line options; support both short and long option names.
- getpass: Portable reading of passwords and retrieval of the userid.
- gettext: Multilingual internationalization services.
- glob: Unix shell style pathname pattern expansion.
- grp (Unix): The group database (getgrnam() and friends).
- gzip: Interfaces for gzip compression and decompression using file objects.
- hashlib: Secure hash and message digest algorithms.
- heapq: Heap queue algorithm (a.k.a. priority queue).
- hmac: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication (HMAC) implementation
- html: Helpers for manipulating HTML.
- http: HTTP status codes and messages
- imaplib: IMAP4 protocol client (requires sockets).
- imghdr: Determine the type of image contained in a file or byte stream.
- imp: Deprecated: Access the implementation of the import statement.
- importlib: The implementation of the import machinery.
- inspect: Extract information and source code from live objects.
- io: Core tools for working with streams.
- ipaddress: IPv4/IPv6 manipulation library.
- itertools: Functions creating iterators for efficient looping.
- json: Encode and decode the JSON format.
- keyword: Test whether a string is a keyword in Python.
- lib2to3: the 2to3 library
- linecache: This module provides random access to individual lines from text files.
- locale: Internationalization services.
- logging: Flexible event logging system for applications.
- lzma: A Python wrapper for the liblzma compression library.
- macpath: Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions.
- mailbox: Manipulate mailboxes in various formats
- mailcap: Mailcap file handling.
- marshal: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back (with different constraints).
- math: Mathematical functions (sin() etc.).
- mimetypes: Mapping of filename extensions to MIME types.
- mmap: Interface to memory-mapped files for Unix and Windows.
- modulefinder: Find modules used by a script.
- msilib (Windows): Creation of Microsoft Installer files, and CAB files.
- msvcrt (Windows): Miscellaneous useful routines from the MS VC++ runtime.
- multiprocessing: Process-based parallelism.
- netrc: Loading of .netrc files.
- nis (Unix): Interface to Sun's NIS (Yellow Pages) library.
- nntplib: NNTP protocol client (requires sockets).
- numbers: Numeric abstract base classes (Complex, Real, Integral, etc.).
- operator: Functions corresponding to the standard operators.
- optparse: Deprecated: Command-line option parsing library.
- os: Miscellaneous operating system interfaces.
- ossaudiodev (Linux, FreeBSD): Access to OSS-compatible audio devices.
- parser: Access parse trees for Python source code.
- pathlib: Object-oriented filesystem paths
- pdb: The Python debugger for interactive interpreters.
- pickle: Convert Python objects to streams of bytes and back.
- pickletools: Contains extensive comments about the pickle protocols and pickle-machine opcodes, as well as some useful functions.
- pipes (Unix): A Python interface to Unix shell pipelines.
- pkgutil: Utilities for the import system.
- platform: Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible.
- plistlib: Generate and parse Mac OS X plist files.
- poplib: POP3 protocol client (requires sockets).
- posix (Unix): The most common POSIX system calls (normally used via module os).
- pprint: Data pretty printer.
- profile: Python source profiler.
- pstats: Statistics object for use with the profiler.
- pty (Linux): Pseudo-Terminal Handling for Linux.
- pwd (Unix): The password database (getpwnam() and friends).
- py_compile: Generate byte-code files from Python source files.
- pyclbr: Supports information extraction for a Python class browser.
- pydoc: Documentation generator and online help system.
- queue: A synchronized queue class.
- quopri: Encode and decode files using the MIME quoted-printable encoding.
- random: Generate pseudo-random numbers with various common distributions.
- re: Regular expression operations.
- readline (Unix): GNU readline support for Python.
- reprlib: Alternate repr() implementation with size limits.
- resource (Unix): An interface to provide resource usage information on the current process.
- rlcompleter: Python identifier completion, suitable for the GNU readline library.
- runpy: Locate and run Python modules without importing them first.
- sched: General purpose event scheduler.
- secrets: Generate secure random numbers for managing secrets.
- select: Wait for I/O completion on multiple streams.
- selectors: High-level I/O multiplexing.
- shelve: Python object persistence.
- shlex: Simple lexical analysis for Unix shell-like languages.
- shutil: High-level file operations, including copying.
- signal: Set handlers for asynchronous events.
- site: Module responsible for site-specific configuration.
- smtpd: A SMTP server implementation in Python.
- smtplib: SMTP protocol client (requires sockets).
- sndhdr: Determine type of a sound file.
- socket: Low-level networking interface.
- socketserver: A framework for network servers.
- spwd (Unix): The shadow password database (getspnam() and friends).
- sqlite3: A DB-API 2.0 implementation using SQLite 3.x.
- ssl: TLS/SSL wrapper for socket objects
- stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat().
- statistics: mathematical statistics functions
- string: Common string operations.
- stringprep: String preparation, as per RFC 3453
- struct: Interpret bytes as packed binary data.
- subprocess: Subprocess management.
- sunau: Provide an interface to the Sun AU sound format.
- symbol: Constants representing internal nodes of the parse tree.
- symtable: Interface to the compiler's internal symbol tables.
- sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions.
- sysconfig: Python's configuration information
- syslog (Unix): An interface to the Unix syslog library routines.
- tabnanny: Tool for detecting white space related problems in Python source files in a directory tree.
- tarfile: Read and write tar-format archive files.
- telnetlib: Telnet client class.
- tempfile: Generate temporary files and directories.
- termios (Unix): POSIX style tty control.
- test: Regression tests package containing the testing suite for Python.
- textwrap: Text wrapping and filling
- threading: Thread-based parallelism.
- time: Time access and conversions.
- timeit: Measure the execution time of small code snippets.
- tkinter: Interface to Tcl/Tk for graphical user interfaces
- token: Constants representing terminal nodes of the parse tree.
- tokenize: Lexical scanner for Python source code.
- trace: Trace or track Python statement execution.
- traceback: Print or retrieve a stack traceback.
- tracemalloc: Trace memory allocations.
- tty (Unix): Utility functions that perform common terminal control operations.
- turtle: An educational framework for simple graphics applications
- turtledemo: A viewer for example turtle scripts
- types: Names for built-in types.
- typing: Support for type hints (see PEP 484).
- unicodedata: Access the Unicode Database.
- unittest: Unit testing framework for Python.
- urllib:
- uu: Encode and decode files in uuencode format.
- uuid: UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122
- venv: Creation of virtual environments.
- warnings: Issue warning messages and control their disposition.
- wave: Provide an interface to the WAV sound format.
- weakref: Support for weak references and weak dictionaries.
- webbrowser: Easy-to-use controller for Web browsers.
- winreg (Windows): Routines and objects for manipulating the Windows registry.
- winsound (Windows): Access to the sound-playing machinery for Windows.
- wsgiref: WSGI Utilities and Reference Implementation.
- xdrlib: Encoders and decoders for the External Data Representation (XDR).
- xml: Package containing XML processing modules
- zipapp: Manage executable python zip archives
- zipfile: Read and write ZIP-format archive files.
- zipimport: support for importing Python modules from ZIP archives.
- zlib: Low-level interface to compression and decompression routines compatible with gzip.