PROJ.4

Datum

You can use the +nadgrids-Parameter to select an existing gridfile or define your own datum with the +towgs84 Parameter to use a 3- or 7-Parameter Transformation. To use the buildin "datums" (or dati?) you can use the +datum-Parameter and select one of the DatumCode in the following list from pj_datums.c (e.g. +datum=NAD27).

DatumCode	DatumName	SpheroidCode	DatumDefinition
carthage	Carthage 1934 Tunisia	clrk80	towgs84=-263.0,6.0,431.0
GGRS87	Greek_Geodetic_Reference_System_1987	GRS80	towgs84=-199.87,74.79,246.62
hermannskogel	Hermannskogel	bessel	towgs84=653.0,-212.0,449.0
ire65	Ireland 1965	mod_airy	towgs84=482.530,-130.596,564.557,-1.042,-0.214,-0.631,8.15
NAD27	North_American_Datum_1927	clrk66	nadgrids=@conus,@alaska,@ntv2_0.gsb,@ntv1_can.dat
NAD83	North_American_Datum_1983	GRS80	towgs84=0,0,0
nzgd49	New Zealand Geodetic Datum 1949	intl	towgs84=59.47,-5.04,187.44,0.47,-0.1,1.024,-4.5993
OSGB36	Airy 1830	airy	towgs84=446.448,-125.157,542.060,0.1502,0.2470,0.8421,-20.4894
potsdam	Potsdam Rauenberg 1950 DHDN	bessel	towgs84=598.1,73.7,418.2,0.202,0.045,-2.455,6.7
WGS84		WGS84	towgs84=0,0,0

Prime Meridian

To define a Primemeridian for your Projection, you can use the +pm-Parameter with a numeric value (e.g. +pm=5) or use one of the cities in the PrimeMeridianCode column (e.g. +pm=madrid) from the table below - extracted from pj_datums.c

PrimeMeridianCode	PrimeMeridianDefinition	D	M	S	Hemi
athens	23d42'58.815 E	23	42	58.815	E
bern	7d26'22.5 E	7	26	22.5	E
bogota	74d04'51.3 W	74	04	51.3	W
brussels	4d22'4.71 E	4	22	4.71	E
ferro	17d40'W	17	40	0	W
greenwich	0dE	0	0	0	E
jakarta	106d48'27.79 E	106	48	27.79	E
lisbon	9d07'54.862 W	9	07	54.862	W
madrid	3d41'16.58 W	3	41	16.58	W
oslo	10d43'22.5 E	10	43	22.5	E
paris	2d20'14.025 E	2	20	14.025	E
rome	12d27'8.4 E	12	27	8.4	E
stockholm	18d3'29.8 E	18	3	29.8	E

Spheroid

To define a Spheroid (Ellipsoid or Sphere) for your Projection, you can use the +a-, +es-, +e-, +f-, +b- and +rf-Parameters (see Table below), or you can use the +ellps-Parameter (e.g. +ellps=clrk66) with one of the predefined SpheroidCodes from the following table - extracted from pj_ellps.c.

SpheroidCode	EquatorialAxis	PolarAxis	ReciprocFlattening	SpheroidName
airy	6377563.396	6356256.91		Airy 1830
andrae	6377104.43		300	Andrae 1876 (Den., Iclnd.)
APL4.9	6378137		298.25	Appl. Physics. 1965
aust_SA	6378160		298.25	Australian Natl & S. Amer. 1969
bessnam	6377483.865		299.1528128	Bessel 1841 (Namibia)
bessel	6377397.155		299.1528128	Bessel 1841
clrk66	6378206.4	6356583.8		Clarke 1866
clrk80	6378249.145		293.4663	Clarke 1880 mod.
CPM	6375738.7		334.29	Comm. des Poids et Mesures 1799
delmbr	6376428		311.5	Delambre 1810 (Belgium)
engelis	6378136.05		298.2566	Engelis 1985
evrst30	6377276.345		300.8017	Everest 1830
evrst48	6377304.063		300.8017	Everest 1948
evrst56	6377301.243		300.8017	Everest 1956
evrst69	6377295.664		300.8017	Everest 1969
evrstSS	6377298.556		300.8017	Everest (Sabah & Sarawak)
fschr60	6378166		298.3	Fischer (Mercury Datum) 1960
fschr60m	6378155		298.3	Modified Fischer 1960
fschr68	6378150		298.3	Fischer 1968
GRS67	6378160		298.247167427	GRS 67(IUGG 1967)
GRS80	6378137		298.257222101	GRS 1980(IUGG, 1980)
helmert	6378200		298.3	Helmert 1906
hough	6378270		297	Hough
IAU76	6378140		298.257	IAU 1976
intl	6378388		297	International 1909 (Hayford)
kaula	6378163		298.24	Kaula 1961
krass	6378245		298.3	Krassovsky, 1942
lerch	6378139		298.257	Lerch 1979
MERIT	6378137		298.257	MERIT 1983
modairy	6377340.189	6356034.446		Modified Airy
mprts	6397300		191	Maupertius 1738
newintl	6378157.5	6356772.2		New International 1967
NWL9D	6378145		298.25	Naval Weapons Lab., 1965
plessis	6376523	6355863		Plessis 1817 (France)
SEasia	6378155	6356773.3205		Southeast Asia
SGS85	6378136		298.257	Soviet Geodetic System 85
sphere	6370997	6370997		Normal Sphere (r=6370997)
walbeck	6376896	6355834.8467		Walbeck
WGS60	6378165		298.3	WGS 60
WGS66	6378145		298.25	WGS 66
WGS72	6378135		298.26	WGS 72
WGS84	6378137		298.257223563	WGS 84

Units

If you don't set Units, the default is 'm'=Meter. If you want to define other Units for your Projection with the +units- or the +vunits-Parameter, you MUST use one of the UnitCode from the following table - extracted from pj_units.c. But you can overwrite the internal calculation, when you define your own Multiplier to convert map units to 1.0m with the +to_meter- and +vto_meter-Parameter (e.g. to_meter=1.1).

UnitCode	ToMeter	UnitName	Note
ch	20.1168	International Chain
cm	0.01	Centimeter
dm	0.1	Decimeter
fath	1.8288	International Fathom
ft	0.3048	International Foot
in	0.0254	International Inch
ind-ch	20.11669506	Indian Chain
ind-ft	0.30479841	Indian Foot
ind-yd	0.91439523	Indian Yard
km	1000	Kilometer
kmi	1852	International Nautical Mile
link	0.201168	International Link
m	1	Meter
mi	1609.344	International Statute Mile
mm	0.001	Millimeter
us-ch	20.1168402336805	U.S. Surveyor's Chain
us-ft	0.304800609601219	U.S. Surveyor's Foot
us-in	0.0254000508001016	U.S. Surveyor's Inch	1/39.37
us-mi	1609.34721869444	U.S. Surveyor's Statute Mile
us-yd	0.914401828803658	U.S. Surveyor's Yard
yd	0.9144	International Yard

Errors

If no Error occures, the global int variable 'pj_errno' is set to 0. If trapped errors occures, the value should be one of the ErrNum in the following table - extracted from pj_strerrno.c. All definded Errors are negative to not overlap with C-[Runtime]-Errors. But not all input is checked in all Projections and no try-catch is performed. So calculate with overflows, Infs and NaNs.

If Error occures during Projection, sometimes an error is set, but often the returned Coordinates are set to HUGE_VAL (e.g. PJ_lsat.c, PJ_mod_ster.c). So check your returned Coordinates for HUGE_VAL. HUGE_VAL is a valid double value (NOT NotANumer NaN). HUGE_VAL is defined in math.h and exported from crt as _HUGE = Positive infinity = 1,#INF. If you can not direct access or define HUGE_VAL, then use DBL_MAX defined in float.h as '#define DBL_MAX 1.7976931348623158e+308' and check, if the returned Coordinates are below (e.g. fabs(x) < DBL_MAX).

ErrNum	ErrDesciption	SinceVer
-1	no arguments in initialization list	4.3.3
-2	no options found in 'init' file	4.3.3
-3	no colon in init= string	4.3.3
-4	projection not named	4.3.3
-5	unknown projection id	4.3.3
-6	effective eccentricity = 1.	4.3.3
-7	unknown unit conversion id	4.3.3
-8	invalid boolean param argument	4.3.3
-9	unknown elliptical parameter name	4.3.3
-10	reciprocal flattening (1/f) = 0	4.3.3
-11	|radius reference latitude| > 90	4.3.3
-12	squared eccentricity < 0	4.3.3
-13	major axis or radius = 0 or not given	4.3.3
-14	latitude or longitude exceeded limits	4.3.3
-15	invalid x or y	4.3.3
-16	improperly formed DMS value	4.3.3
-17	non-convergent inverse meridional dist	4.3.3
-18	non-convergent inverse phi2	4.3.3
-19	acos/asin: |arg| >1.+1e-14	4.3.3
-20	tolerance condition error	4.3.3
-21	conic lat_1 = -lat_2	4.3.3
-22	lat_1 >= 90	4.3.3
-23	lat_1 = 0	4.3.3
-24	lat_ts >= 90	4.3.3
-25	no distance between control points	4.3.3
-26	projection not selected to be rotated	4.3.3
-27	W <= 0 or M <= 0	4.3.3
-28	last not in 1-5 range	4.3.3
-29	path not in range	4.3.3
-30	h <= 0	4.3.3
-31	k <= 0	4.3.3
-32	lat_0 = 0 or 90 or alpha = 90	4.3.3
-33	lat_1=lat_2 or lat_1=0 or lat_2=90	4.3.3
-34	elliptical usage required	4.3.3
-35	invalid UTM zone number	4.3.3
-36	arg(s) out of range for Tcheby eval	4.3.3
-37	failed to find projection to be rotated	4.3.3
-38	failed to load datum shift file	4.3.3
-39	both n & m must be spec'd and > 0	4.3.3
-40	n <= 0, n > 1 or not specified	4.3.3
-41	lat_1 or lat_2 not specified	4.3.3
-42	|lat_1| == |lat_2|	4.3.3
-43	lat_0 is pi/2 from mean lat	4.3.3
-44	unparseable coordinate system definition	4.4.3
-45	geocentric transformation missing z or ellps	4.4.8
-46	unknown prime meridian conversion id	4.4.9
-47	illegal axis orientation combination	4.7.1
-48	point not within available datum shift grids	4.7.1
-49	invalid sweep axis, choose x or y	4.8.0

Parameters

The Projection is initialised with the functions pj_init(), pj_init_ctx(), pj_init_plus() or pj_init_plus_ctx(). These function can handle up to 200 Parameters defining (or NOT) the Projection.

All Parameters are case sensitive (C-Style). So if you want to store all Parameters in a Database-Table as Primary-Key, use a DataType of varchar which is case sensitive (in MsSQL use: 'Create Table tbl_Params(ParamName Varchar(50) Not Null Collate Latin1_General_Bin Primary Key)' ; in MsAccess/Jet4 use DataDefinition-Query with SQL 'Create Table tbl_Params(ParamName Varbinary(100) Not Null Primary Key)').

There is no central *.pdf-, *.doc-, *.ini-, *.def-, *.c. or *.h-File describing all Parameters. You can find the description of some Parameters in 'General Parameters' (http://trac.osgeo.org/proj/wiki/GenParms, and http://proj.maptools.org/gen_parms.html). But the most developer of the Package (a lot), use the build in function pj_param() to query their Parameters. The following List is just an extraction of all sourcefiles (Version 4.33++) where the pj_param() is used. The Parameters Flagged with CheckedOnInit=1 should be save, because they are evaluated by the init-functions (pj_init(), pj_init_ctx(), pj_init_plus() or pj_init_plus_ctx()) and everyone depends on it. All others Parameters could have a Multi-DataType-Multi-Meaning depending on the Projection which is initialised with the +proj-Parameter. For example: +xx=20001231 could be a date, string, long or double in different Projections (see +n- and +south-Paramter below). You even can use your own Parameters like +title=xxx to query it in some derived Softwarepackages.

Every developer can use his/her own style, Datatype and NamingConvention to create Parameters and Variables for his/her Projection Implementation. That is a problem, but maybe the reason for the great success of this Library.

Param	CheckedOnInit	Usage	Samples	ArgDescription	UsedInFiles
A	0	18		only called from geod.c	geod_set.c
a	1	58	+a=6378137	EquatorialRadius ; Semimajor radius of the ellipsoid axis; BUG: No Difference between WGS84 and GRS80 Elli	pj_ell_set.c, pj_init.c, pj_utils.c
alpha	0	90	+alpha=-36d52'11.6315	double ; Azimuth of initial line ; Used with Oblique Mercator and others	PJ_ocea.c, PJ_omerc.c, PJ_urm5.c
aperture	0	16	+aperture=3		PJ_isea.c
axis	1	10	+axis=enu	input coordinate axis orientation ; 3 chars default "enu" (easting, northing, up); e: x=x ; w: x=-x ; n:y=y ; s:y=-y ; u:z=z ; s:z=-z ; see pj_adjust_axis() ; chars in "ewnsud" (East West North South Up Down) ; todo check for Bugs with "uuu"; valid shoul	pj_init.c
azi	0	44	+azi=18d54'		PJ_isea.c, PJ_labrd.c, PJ_nsper.c
b	1	76	+b=6378137	PolarRadius ; Semiminor radius of the ellipsoid axis ; Sets es = 1 - (b * b) / (a * a)	pj_ell_set.c, pj_init.c, pj_utils.c
belgium	0	0
beta	0	0	+beta=45d
catalog	1	3		grid catalog parameter, and optional date	pj_datum_set.c
czech	0	16	+czech=1	bool Negate xy signs	PJ_krovak.c
date	1	3	+date=2000-12-31	date of grid catalog in format "yyyy.fraction" or "yyyy-mm-dd"	pj_datum_set.c
datum	1	62	+datum=NAD27	Datum name (see proj -ld) ; default PJD_UNKNOWN ; must be in list else err -9: unknown elliptical parameter name	pj_datum_set.c, pj_init.c, pj_utils.c
del_A	0	18		only called from geod.c	geod_set.c
del_S	0	18		only called from geod.c	geod_set.c
e	1	36	+e=0	Eccentricity of the ellipsoid = sqrt(1 - b^2/a^2) = sqrt( f*(2-f) ) ; es = e * e; precedes rf, f, b	pj_ell_set.c
ellps	1	58	+ellps=clrk66	Ellipsoid name (see proj -le)	pj_ell_set.c, pj_init.c, pj_utils.c
es	1	66	+es=.006768657997291094	Eccentricity of the ellipsoid squared ; precedes e, rf, f, b; must be >0	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
f	1	76	+f=0	Flattening of the ellipsoid (often presented as an inverse, e.g. 1/298) ; Sets es = f * (2 - f) ; precedes b	pj_ell_set.c, pj_init.c, pj_utils.c
gamma	0	10	+gamma=5.5	double	PJ_omerc.c
geoc	1	18	+geoc=1	Geographic coordinates are to be treated as geocentric (geocentric Latitude?)	pj_init.c
geoidgrids	1	9		vertical datum geoid grids	pj_init.c
guam	0	18	+guam=1	use Guam elliptical	PJ_aeqd.c
h	0	27	+h=36000000	Satellite Height	PJ_geos.c, PJ_nsper.c
h_0	0	2	+h_0=1.0		PJ_sch.c
init	1	36	+init=epsg:26711	+init=<Filename in \nad\>:26711 ; file/key pair; does not override existing parameter value, if datum, ellps or any earth model information is set	pj_init.c
inv	0	0		The presence of this option selects the inverse projection mode of operation. It is equivalent to executing program invproj.
K	0	0
k	1	48	+k=1.0	Scale factor at natural origin (old name) ; must be >0 ; default 1	pj_init.c, PJ_krovak.c
k_0	1	36	+k_0=0.9996	Scale factor at natural origin (new name) first checked ; must be >0 ; Precedes k ; default 1	pj_init.c
lat_0	1	86	+lat_0=0	Latitude of origin	PJ_aeqd.c, pj_init.c, PJ_isea.c, PJ_krovak.c, PJ_lcc.c, PJ_lcca.c
lat_1	0	342	+lat_1=50	Latitude of first standard parallel	geod_set.c, PJ_aea.c, PJ_aitoff.c, PJ_bonne.c, PJ_eqdc.c, PJ_imw_p.c, PJ_lagrng.c, PJ_lcc.c, PJ_loxim.c, PJ_ocea.c, PJ_omerc.c, PJ_sconics.c, PJ_tpeqd.c, PJ_wink2.c
lat_2	0	234	+lat_2=60	Latitude of second standard parallel	geod_set.c, PJ_aea.c, PJ_eqdc.c, PJ_imw_p.c, PJ_lcc.c, PJ_ocea.c, PJ_omerc.c, PJ_sconics.c, PJ_tpeqd.c
lat_b	0	18	+lat_b=60.0		PJ_airy.c
lat_t	0	0
lat_ts	0	192	+lat_ts=33	Standard Parallel ; Latitude of true scale	PJ_cea.c, PJ_eqc.c, PJ_krovak.c, PJ_merc.c, PJ_rpoly.c, PJ_stere.c, PJ_wag3.c, PJ_wink1.c
lon_0	1	38	+lon_0=0	Central meridian ; Longitude of false origin	pj_init.c, PJ_isea.c, PJ_krovak.c
lon_1	0	108	+lon_1=50		geod_set.c, PJ_imw_p.c, PJ_ocea.c, PJ_omerc.c, PJ_tpeqd.c
lon_2	0	72	+lon_2=50		geod_set.c, PJ_ocea.c, PJ_omerc.c, PJ_tpeqd.c
lon_wrap	1	23	+lon_wrap=90.88	longitude center for wrapping	pj_init.c
lonc	0	36	+lonc=-133d40	Longitude of projection center ; used with Oblique Mercator and possibly a few others	PJ_ocea.c, PJ_omerc.c
lsat	0	18	+lsat=5	int LandSat-Number ; see err -28: lsat not in 1-5 range	PJ_lsat.c
m	0	36	+n=0.5	double	PJ_gn_sinu.c, PJ_oea.c
M	0	36	+M=1	double see err -27	PJ_hammer.c
mode	0	4	+mode=plane or +mode=di or +mode=dd or +mode=hex		PJ_isea.c
n	0	126	+n=0.5	double; in Foucaut Sinusoidal: 0 < n < 1 ;	PJ_fouc_s.c, PJ_gn_sinu.c, PJ_oea.c, PJ_urm5.c, PJ_urmfps.c
n_A	0	18		only called from geod.c	geod_set.c
n_S	0	18		only called from geod.c	geod_set.c
nadgrids	1	105	+nadgrids=conus,ntv1_can.dat ; nadgrids=@null ; nadgrids=ntv1_can.dat	Grid Based Datum Adjustments ; Filename of NTv2 grid file to use for datum transforms	pj_apply_gridshift.c, pj_datum_set.c, pj_transform.c, pj_utils.c
no_cut	0	18	+no_cut=1	do not cut at hemisphere limit	PJ_airy.c
no_defs	1	18	+no_defs	Does NOT set defaults from \nad\proj_def.dat ; Todo check no_defs "<>"	pj_init.c
no_off	0	7	+no_off=0	int no_off = 0	PJ_omerc.c
no_rot	0	36	+no_rot=1	bool int no_rot	PJ_labrd.c, PJ_omerc.c
no_uoff	0	19	+no_uoff=1		PJ_omerc.c
north_square	0	3	+north_square=1	int north_square in(0 to 3) ; since Version 4.9.0	PJ_healpix.c
npole	0	1	+npole=1	only version 4.8.0: now north_square	PJ_healpix.c
ns	0	18	+ns=1	bool, no skew	PJ_bipc.c
o_alpha	0	36	+o_alpha=1.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lat_1	0	18	+o_lat_1=2.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lat_2	0	18	+o_lat_2=3.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lat_c	0	18	+o_lat_c=4.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lat_p	0	36	+o_lat_p=45.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lon_1	0	18	+o_lon_1=5.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lon_2	0	18	+o_lon_2=6.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lon_c	0	18	+o_lon_c=7.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_lon_p	0	18	+o_lon_p=-90.0		PJ_ob_tran.c
o_proj	0	18	+o_proj=moll	name of projection to be translated ; must be in List else err -37: failed to find projection to be rotated	PJ_ob_tran.c
orient	0	4	+orient=isea or +orient=pole	in ("isea", "pole")	PJ_isea.c
over	1	18	+over=1	over-ranging flag: Inhibit reduction of longitude range to within ±180° of the central meridian.	pj_init.c
p	0	0
path	0	18	+path=1	int LandSat-Path-Number(Swat) ; if lsat 1-3: 1 to 251 else 1 to 233	PJ_lsat.c
phdg_0	0	2	+phdg_0=1.0		PJ_sch.c
plat_0	0	2	+plat_0=1.0		PJ_sch.c
plon_0	0	2	+plon_0=1.0		PJ_sch.c
pm	0	36	+pm=madrid ; pm=5	Prime Meridian ; Alternate prime meridian (typically a city name) ; Symbolic name, or the longitude of the alternative prime meridian relative to greenwich ; default greenwich	pj_init.c, pj_utils.c
proj	1	18	+proj=merc	Projection name (see proj -l) ; mandantory, else error -4: projection not named ; must be in list else: error -5 unknown projection id	pj_init.c
q	0	18	+q=1	double q	PJ_urm5.c
R	1	66	+R=6000000	Semimajor radius a; R takes precedence over a	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
R_A	1	33	+R_A=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a to Authalic-Sphere / same Area ; Precedes R_V, R_a, R_g, R_h, R_lat_a, R_lat_g	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
R_a	1	33	+R_a=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a that sphere–arithmetic mean ; Precedes R_g, R_h, R_lat_a, R_lat_g	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
R_g	1	18	+R_g=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a that sphere–geometric mean ; Precedes R_h, R_lat_a, R_lat_g	pj_ell_set.c
R_h	1	18	+R_h=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a that sphere–harmonic mean ; Precedes R_lat_a, R_lat_g	pj_ell_set.c
R_lat_a	1	66	+R_lat_a=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a that sphere–arithmetic mean at latitude ; Precedes R_lat_g	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
R_lat_g	1	48	+R_lat_g=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a that sphere–geometric mean at latitude	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
R_V	1	33	+R_V=1	turn ellipsoid into equivalent sphere by setting es = 0 and a that sphere.volume=ellipsoid.volume ; Precedes R_a, R_g, R_h, R_lat_a, R_lat_g	pj_ell_set.c, pj_utils.c
rescale	0	4	+rescale=1		PJ_isea.c
resolution	0	16	+resolution=1		PJ_isea.c
rf	1	46	+rf=300.8017	Reciprocal of the ellipsoid flattening term (e.g. 298) ; Sets es = 1/rf * (2 - 1/rf); precedes f, b	pj_ell_set.c, pj_init.c
rot	0	0
rot_conv	0	13	+rot_conv=1	bool ; up to Version 4.6.1	PJ_omerc.c
S	0	18		only called from geod.c	geod_set.c
s	0	0
south	0	54	+south=1	Denotes southern hemisphere in UTM, Lambert Equal Area Conic, ...	PJ_aea.c, PJ_stere.c, PJ_tmerc.c, proj_etmerc.c
south_square	0	3	+south_square=1	int south_square in(0 to 3) ; since Version 4.9.0	PJ_healpix.c
spole	0	1	+spole=1	only version 4.8.0: now south_square	PJ_healpix.c
sweep	0	4	+sweep=x or +sweep=y	char(1);The sweep angle axis of the viewing instrument. Can be x or y (y is the default). (new in 4.8.0)	PJ_geos.c
sym	0	0
syn	0	0
t	0	0
theta	0	18	+theta=0.5	double theta	PJ_oea.c
tilt	0	18	+tilt=31.4	double omega in tpers Tilted perspective	PJ_nsper.c
title	0	0	+title=Lambert III	only in France \nad\IGFN
to	0	0		No Values
to_meter	1	18	+to_meter=1.1	Multiplier to convert map units to 1.0m ; overwrites to_meter from List Unit	pj_init.c
towgs84	1	62	+towgs84=-199.87,74.79,246.62 ; towgs84=0,0,4.5,0,0,0.554,0.219	Datum transformation to WGS84 ; 3 or 7 term datum transform parameters	pj_datum_set.c, pj_utils.c
units	1	36	+units=m	Unit ; meters, US survey feet, etc. (see List Unit) ; must be in list Unit	geod_set.c, pj_init.c
vopt	0	0
vto_meter	1	4	+vto_meter=1.1	vertical unit to Meter ; overwrites to_meter from List Unit	pj_init.c
vunits	1	4	+vunits=m	vertical unit ; must be in list Unit else err -7: unknown unit conversion id	pj_init.c
W	0	54	+proj=lagrng +lon_0=90w +W=1.4	double see err -27	PJ_hammer.c, PJ_lagrng.c
westo	0	0
x_0	1	18	+x_0=0.0	False Easting in Meters	pj_init.c
y_0	1	18	+y_0=0	False Northing in Meters	pj_init.c
zone	0	36	+zone=11	UTM zone	PJ_tmerc.c, proj_etmerc.c

Projections

SinceVersion means the first version that support the projection, a blank in the field means the projection has not been implemented. This table has been updated to PROJ.4 version 4.9.2.

ProjectionCode	ProjectionName	InFile	SinceVersion
adams_hemi	Adams Hemisphere in a Square
adams_wsI	Adams World in a Square I
adams_wsII	Adams World in a Square II
aea	Albers Equal Area	PJ_aea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
aeqd	Azimuthal Equidistant	PJ_aeqd.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
airy	Airy	PJ_airy.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
aitoff	Aitoff	PJ_aitoff.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
alsk	Mod. Stererographics of Alaska	PJ_mod_ster.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
apian	Apian Globular I	PJ_bacon.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
apian1	Apian Globular I
apian2	Apian II (Arago)
ardn_cls	Arden-Close
arma	Armadillo
august	August Epicycloidal	PJ_august.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
bacon	Bacon Globular	PJ_bacon.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
baker	Baker Dinomic
baranyi4	Baranyi IV (Snyder)
barth	Bartholomew
bipc	Bipolar conic of western hemisphere	PJ_bipc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
boggs	Boggs Eumorphic	PJ_boggs.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
bonne	Bonne (Werner lat_1=90)	PJ_bonne.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
braun2	Braun’s Second (Perspective)
brny_1	Baranyi I
brny_2	Baranyi II
brny_3	Baranyi III
brny_4	Baranyi IV
brny_5	Baranyi V
brny_6	Baranyi VI
brny_7	Baranyi VII
bromley	Bromley
calcofi	Cal Coop Ocean Fish Invest Lines/Stations	PJ_calcofi.c	4.9.0
cass	Cassini	PJ_cass.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
cc	Central Cylindrical	PJ_cc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
cea	Equal Area Cylindrical	PJ_cea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
chamb	Chamberlin Trimetric	PJ_chamb.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
collg	Collignon	PJ_collg.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
crast	Craster Parabolic (Putnins P4)	PJ_crast.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
cyl_stere	Cylindrical Stereographic
denoy	Denoyer Semi-Elliptical	PJ_denoy.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
dummy	Dummy projection
eck_greif	Eckert-Greifendorff
eck1	Eckert I	PJ_eck1.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eck2	Eckert II	PJ_eck2.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eck3	Eckert III	PJ_eck3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eck4	Eckert IV	PJ_eck4.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eck5	Eckert V	PJ_eck5.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eck6	Eckert VI	PJ_gn_sinu.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eisen	Eisenlohr
eq_moll	Equidistant Mollweide
eqc	Equidistant Cylindrical (Plate Caree)	PJ_eqc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
eqdc	Equidistant Conic	PJ_eqdc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
erdi_krusz	Érdi-Krausz
etmerc	Extended Transverse Mercator	proj_etmerc.c	4.8.0
euler	Euler	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
fahey	Fahey	PJ_fahey.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
fc_ar	Canters Correct axis ratio
fc_gen	Canters General optimization
fc_pe	Canters Pole length half the length of the equator
fc_pp	Canters Pointed pole, correct axis ratio
fouc	Foucaut	PJ_sts.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
fouc_s	Foucaut Sinusoidal	PJ_fouc_s.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
four1	Fournier Globular I
four2	Fourtier II
ftmerc	French Transverse Mercator
gall	Gall (Gall Stereographic)	PJ_gall.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
gbtmerc	Gauss-Boaga
gen_ts	General Sine/Tan
geocent	Geocentric	pj_geocent.c	4.4.6
geos	Geostationary Satellite View	PJ_geos.c	4.4.9
gilbert	Gilbert Two World Perspective
gins8	Ginsburg VIII (TsNIIGAiK)	PJ_gins8.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
gn_sinu	General Sinusoidal Series	PJ_gn_sinu.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
gnom	Gnomonic	PJ_gnom.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
goode	Goode Homolosine	PJ_goode.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
gs48	Mod. Stererographics of 48 U.S.	PJ_mod_ster.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
gs50	Mod. Stererographics of 50 U.S.	PJ_mod_ster.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
gstmerc	Gauss-Schreiber Transverse Mercator (aka Gauss-Laborde Reunion)	PJ_gstmerc.c	4.6.1
guyou	Guyou
hammer	Hammer & Eckert-Greifendorff	PJ_hammer.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
hatano	Hatano Asymmetrical Equal Area	PJ_hatano.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
healpix	HEALPix	PJ_healpix.c	4.8.0
hill	Hill Eucyclic
holzel	Hölzel
igh	Interrupted Goode Homolosine	PJ_igh.c	4.8.0
imw_p	Internation Map of the World Polyconic	PJ_imw_p.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
isea	Icosahedral Snyder Equal Area	PJ_isea.c	4.8.0
kav5	Kavraisky V	PJ_sts.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
kav7	Kavraisky VII	PJ_eck3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
kh_sh	Kharchenko-Shabanova
krovak	Krovak	PJ_krovak.c	4.4.6
ktmerc	Swedish Transverse Mercator
labrd	Laborde	PJ_labrd.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
laea	Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area	PJ_laea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
lagrng	Lagrange	PJ_lagrng.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
larr	Larrivee	PJ_larr.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
lask	Laskowski	PJ_lask.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
latlon	Lat/long (Geodetic alias)	pj_latlong.c	4.6.0
latlong	Lat/long (Geodetic alias)	pj_latlong.c	4.4.2
lcc	Lambert Conformal Conic	PJ_lcc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
lcca	Lambert Conformal Conic Alternative	PJ_lcca.c	4.4.6
leac	Lambert Equal Area Conic	PJ_aea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
lee_os	Lee Oblated Stereographic	PJ_mod_ster.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
longlat	Lat/long (Geodetic alias)	pj_latlong.c	4.4.2
lonlat	Lat/long (Geodetic)	pj_latlong.c	4.6.0
loxim	Loximuthal	PJ_loxim.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
lsat	Space oblique for LANDSAT	PJ_lsat.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
maurer	Maurer
mayr	Mayr-Tobler
mb_S3	McBryde S3
mbt_fps	McBryde-Thomas Flat-Pole Sine (No. 2)	PJ_mbt_fps.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mbt_s	McBryde-Thomas Flat-Polar Sine	PJ_sts.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mbtfpp	McBride-Thomas Flat-Polar Parabolic	PJ_mbtfpp.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mbtfpq	McBryde-Thomas Flat-Polar Quartic	PJ_mbtfpq.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mbtfps	McBryde-Thomas Flat-Polar Sinusoidal	PJ_gn_sinu.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
merc	Mercator	PJ_merc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mil_os	Miller Oblated Stereographic	PJ_mod_ster.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mill	Miller Cylindrical	PJ_mill.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mill_2	O.M. Miller 2
moll	Mollweide	PJ_moll.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
mpoly	Modified Polyconic	PJ_mpoly.c	removed in version 4.6.0 (supported back to 4.3.3 or earlier)
murd1	Murdoch I	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
murd2	Murdoch II	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
murd3	Murdoch III	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
natearth	Natural Earth	PJ_natearth.c	4.8.0
near_con	Semiconformal
nell	Nell	PJ_nell.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
nell_h	Nell-Hammer	PJ_nell_h.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
nicol	Nicolosi Globular	PJ_nocol.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
nsper	Near-sided perspective	PJ_nsper.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
nzmg	New Zealand Map Grid	PJ_nzmg.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
ob_tran	General Oblique Transformation	PJ_ob_tran.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
ocea	Oblique Cylindrical Equal Area	PJ_ocea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
oea	Oblated Equal Area	PJ_oea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
omerc	Oblique Mercator	PJ_omerc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
ortel	Ortelius Oval	PJ_bacon.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
ortho	Orthographic	PJ_ortho.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
oxford	Oxford Atlas Modified Gall
pconic	Perspective Conic	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
poly	Polyconic (American)	PJ_poly.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
psfig:mb P3	McBryde P3
psfig:mb Q3	McBryde Q3
psfig:mb S2	McBryde S2
put2	Putnins P2
putp1	Putnins P1	PJ_eck3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp1p	Putnins P'1
putp2	Putnins P2	PJ_putp2.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp3	Putnins P3	PJ_putp3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp3p	Putnins P3'	PJ_putp3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp4	Putnins P'4
putp4p	Putnins P4'	PJ_putp4p.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp5	Putnins P5	PJ_putp5.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp5p	Putnins P5'	PJ_putp5.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp6	Putnins P6	PJ_putp6.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
putp6p	Putnins P6'	PJ_putp6.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
qsc	Quadrilateralized Spherical Cube	PJ_qsc.c	4.9.1
qua_aut	Quartic Authalic	PJ_sts.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
rhealpix	rHEALPix	PJ_healpix.c	4.8.0
robin	Robinson	PJ_robin.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
rouss	Roussilhe Stereographic	proj_rouss.c	4.5.0
rpoly	Rectangular Polyconic	PJ_rpoly.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
s_min_err	Snyder Minimum Error
sch	Spherical Cross-track Height	PJ_sch.c	4.9.2
siemon4	Siemon IV
sinu	Sinusoidal (Sanson-Flamsteed)	PJ_gn_sinu.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
somerc	Swiss. Obl. Mercator	PJ_somerc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
stere	Stereographic	PJ_stere.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
sterea	Oblique Stereographic Alternative	PJ_sterea.c	4.4.9
tcc	Transverse Central Cylindrical	PJ_tcc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
tcea	Transverse Cylindrical Equal Area	PJ_tcea.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
times	Times Atlas
tissot	Tissot Conic	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
tmerc	Transverse Mercator	PJ_tmerc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
tob_g1	Tobler G1
tob_sqr	Tobler’s World in a Square
tobler_1	Tobler’s Alternate #1
tobler_2	Tobler’s Alternate #2
tpeqd	Two Point Equidistant	PJ_tpeqd.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
tpers	Tilted perspective	PJ_nsper.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
ups	Universal Polar Stereographic	PJ_stere.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
urm_2	Urmayev Cylindrical II
urm_3C	Urmayev Cylindrical III
urm5	Urmaev V	PJ_urm5.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
urmfps	Urmaev Flat-Polar Sinusoidal	PJ_urmfps.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
utm	Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)	proj_etmerc.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
vandg	van der Grinten (I)	PJ_vandg.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
vandg2	van der Grinten II	PJ_vandg2.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
vandg3	van der Grinten III	PJ_vandg2.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
vandg4	van der Grinten IV	PJ_vandg4.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
vitk1	Vitkovsky I	PJ_sconics.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag1	Wagner I (Kavraisky VI)	PJ_urmfps.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag2	Wagner II	PJ_wag2.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag3	Wagner III	PJ_wag3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag4	Wagner IV	PJ_moll.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag5	Wagner V	PJ_moll.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag6	Wagner VI	PJ_eck3.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag7	Wagner VII	PJ_wag7.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wag8	Wagner VIII
wag9	Wagner IX (Aitoff-Wagner)
weren	Werenskiold I	PJ_putp4p.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
weren2	Werenskiold II
weren3	Werenskiold III
wink1	Winkel I	PJ_wink1.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wink2	Winkel II	PJ_wink2.c	4.3.3 (or earlier)
wintri	Winkel Tripel	PJ_aitoff.c	4.3.3 (or earlier) -- Note: Verify if this is implemented in version 4.3.3, but is in definitely in 4.4.0