Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular modernized/Exercises (2)

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Lesson 7


Exercises.[edit | edit source]

Section 1[edit | edit source]

Pêng'im TL Characters English
si3(2)gang1 sì-kang 世間 The world.
tin1ê6 thinn-ĕ 天下 The world.
tin1 thinn Heaven.
di7 Earth.
suan1 suann A hill, a mountain.
hai2 hái Sea.
dua7hai2 tūa-hái 大海 Ocean.
zui2 tsúi Water.
hai2(6)gin5 hái-kînn 海墘 Sea-coast, sea-side.
tou5 thôu Earth, ground.
ciu7 tshīu Trees.
hiêh8 hîeh Leaves.
dua7ziêh8 tūa-tsîeh 大石 Rocks.
ziêh8 tsîeh Stones.
ziêh8(4)bou6 tsîeh-pŏu 石部 Stones.
sua1 sua Sand.
nang5 nâng Mankind.
da1bou1 ta-pou 丈夫 Male. (only used of man.)
ze1niên5 tsur-nîe 諸娘 Female. (only used of man.)

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Pêng'im TL Characters English
si3(2)gang1 gai5(7) nang5 si6(7) ag4 sì-kang kâi nâng sĭ ak 世間 個 儂 是 惡 The people in the world are wicked.
tin1ê6 si6(7) kuah4 thinn-ĕ sĭ khuah 天下 是 闊 The world is broad.
siang6(7)di3 do6(7) tin1, nang5 do6(7) di7 sĭang-tì tŏ thinn, nâng tŏ tī 上帝 在 天,儂 在 地 God is in heaven, and men are on earth.
tin1 do6(7) ziên7, di7 do6(7) ê6 thinn tŏ tsīenn, tī tŏ ĕ 天 在 上,地 在 下 Heaven is above, and earth is below.
suan1 si6(7) guin5, hai2 si6(7) cim1 suann sĭ kûinn, hái sĭ tshim 山 是 懸,海 是 深 Mountains are high, and seas are deep.
dua7hai2 gai5(7) zui2 nam1 tūa-hái kâi tsúi nam 大海 個 水 藍 The waters of the oceans are blue.
hai2(6)gin5 u6(7) nang5(7) gian1 hái-kînn ŭ nâng kiann 海墘 有 儂 行 There are people walking on the sea-side.
tou5 bhoi6(7)bui5 thôu bŏi-pûi 土 𠁞 肥 The soil is not fertile.
ciu7 bhoi6(7)huag4 tshīu bŏi-huak 樹 𠁞 發 The trees do not grow.
hiêh8 do6(7) lug4, ciu7 ain3(2)si2 hîeh tŏ luk, tshīu àinn-sí 葉 在 落,樹 愛 死 The leaves are falling, and the trees are withering.
do6(7) hai2(6)gin5 u6(7) dua7ziêh8 tŏ hái-kînn ŭ tūa-tsîeh 在 海墘 有 大石 There are rocks on the sea-side;
u6 ziêh8(4)bou6, u6(7) sua1 ŭ tsîeh-pŏu, ŭ sua 有 石部,有 沙 There are stones, and there is sand.
nang5 do6(7) si3 m7gu2 nâng tŏ sì m̆-kú 儂 在世 唔久 Man is not long in the world.
da1bou1 ru2(6)zang3(2) guê3(2) ze1niên5 ta-pou zú-tsàng kùe tsur-nîe 丈夫 愈壯 過 諸娘 Man is stronger than woman.
u6(7)gai5(7) ze1niên5 ru2(6)ghao5 guê3(2) da1bou1 ŭ-kâi tsur-nîe zú-gâu kùe ta-pou 有個 諸娘 愈𠢕 過 丈夫 Some women are cleverer than men.
do6(7) zou2(6)gê1 u6(7) gê1gê1 ze1niên5, ghao5(7) guê3(2) da1bou1 tŏ tsóu-ke ŭ ke-ke tsur-nîe, gâu-kùe ta-pou 在 祖家 有 。。 諸娘,𠢕過 丈夫 There are many ladies in England cleverer than men.
dng5(7)nang5-gai5(7) ze1niên5 ziê2(6)ziê2 bag4(8)ri7 tn̂g-nâng-kâi tsur-nîe tsíe-tsíe pak-zī 唐人個 諸娘 少少 捌字 Very few Chinese ladies can read.
ung2-gai5(7) ze1niên5 long2(6)zong2 bag4(8)ri7 úng-kâi tsur-nîe lóng-tsóng pak-zī 阮個 諸娘 攏總 捌字 Our ladies can all read.

Section 2[edit | edit source]

Pêng'im TL Characters English
rig8 zîk Sun.
ghuêh8 gûeh Moon.
cên1 tshenn Stars.
huang1 huang Wind.
hou6 hŏu Rain.
hung5 hûng Clouds.
kêng6 khĕng Rainbow.
lui5 lûi
lui5(7)gong1 lûi-kong 雷公 Thunder, lightning.
huang1tai1 huang-thai 風颱 Typhoon.
êng2 éng Waves.
lao5(7)zui2 lâu-tsúi Tide.
lao5(7)din6 lâu-tĭnn Flood-tide.
lao5(7)ko2 lâu-khó Ebb-tide.

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Pêng'im TL Characters English
rig8 cug4 a1bhuê7? zîk tshuk a-būe? 日 出 阿未? Has the sun risen?
bhuê7 būe Not yet.
ghuêh8 bho5(7) rig8 hiêh3(2)gng1 gûeh bô zîk hìe-kng 月 無 日 ~光 The moon is not so bright as the sun.
ghuêh8 do6(7) pu5 gûeh tŏ phû 月 在 浮 The moon is rising.
kuan1kuan1 guin5 khuann-khuann kûinn It is getting higher and higher by degrees.
cên1 iab8(4)iab8(4)sih4 tshenn iâp-iâp-sih The stars are twinkling.
huang1dua7 huang-tūa 風大 The wind is blowing hard.
he2(6)zang5(7) dua7ciu7 koih4 huang1 cuê1 do2-ke3 húr-tsâng tūa-tshīu khoih huang tshue tó-khùr 許叢 大樹 乞 風 吹 倒去 That large tree has been blown down by the wind.
hou6 ain3(2) lai5 hŏu àinn lâi 雨 愛 來 The rain is coming.
lui5(7)gong1 dang2 lûi-kong táng The thunder roars.
lui5(7)gong1 nih4(8)mag8, liou2 zian3(2)dang2 lûi-kong nih-mâk, líou tsìann-táng The lightning flashes first, then the thunder roars.
hou6 dian7diêh8 si6(7) dua7 hŏu tīan-tîeh sĭ tūa 雨 定着 是 大 The rain is sure to be a heavy one.
dng5(7)nang5 gang2(6)giu3(2) lui5(7)gong1 m6(7)dui3 tn̂g-nâng káng-kìu lûi-kong m̆-tùi 唐人 講究 雷公 唔對 What the Chinese discuss about the lightning is not correct.
dng5(7)nang5 zi3(2)gai5(7) se7 m7hiou2 tn̂g-nâng tsì-kâi sūr m̆-híou 唐人 只個 事 唔曉 The Chinese do not understand about this matter.
eng1gog4(8)nang5 ziu6(7)hiou2 eng-kok-nâng tsĭu-híou 英國儂 就 曉 The English understand.
kêng6 u6(7) gê1gê1 sêg4 khĕng ŭ ke-ke sek The rainbow has many colours.
u6(7) ang5, u6(7) bêh8, u6(7) nam5, u6(7) cên1, u6(7) ng5 ŭ âng, ŭ pêh, ŭ nâm, ŭ tsenn, ŭ n̂g It has red, white, blue, green and yellow.
huang5(7)liou2(6) u6 hûang-líou ŭ It has some more.
si6(7) ngia2(6)zai5 sĭ ngía-tsâi It is very beautiful.
nang2 so2(6)u6-gai5(7) sêg4 si6(7) cong5(7) kêng6-go3 lai5 náng só-ŭ-kâi sek sĭ tshông khĕng-kò lâi The colours which we have, come from the rainbow.
lao5(7)din6 a1si6(7) ko2? lâo-tĭnn a-sĭ khó Is it high tide or ebb tide?
lao5(7) ko2 lâu-khó It is ebb tide.
hai2 u6(7) êng2 mê7? hái ŭ éng--mē? Are there any waves in the sea?
u6, êng2 bhoi7 dua7 ŭ, éng bōi tūa Yes, the waves are not big.
huang1tai1 si6(7) hong1hiam2 huang-tai sĭ hong-híam The typhoon is dangerous.

Section 3[edit | edit source]

Pêng'im TL Characters English
bian1sng1 piann-sng Ice.
soh4 soh Snow.
mong5(7)ing1 mông-ing Mist.
lou7zui2 lōu-tsúi Dew.
pag8 phâk Hail.
gou1 kou Mould.
tin1si5 thinn-sî 天時 Weather.
si3(2)kui3 sì-khùi 四季 The four seasons.
cung1 tshung Spring.
hê7 Summer.
ciu1 tshiu Autumn.
dang1 tang Winter.


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Pêng'im TL Characters English
bian1sng1 si6(7) ngang5(7)zai7? piann-sng sĭ ngâng-tsāi? Ice is very cold?
soh4 gan2(6)si(7) ru2(6)ngang5 soh kánn-sĭ zú-ngâng Snow is perhaps colder.
nang2 ziê2 hang2(6)diĝ4 u6(7) soh4 náng tsíe háng-tik ŭ soh We seldom have snow at our place here.
rig8 zêg8(4)ê7 cug4(8) mong5(7)ing1 ziu6(7)suan3 zîk tsêk-ē tshuk mông-ing tsĭu-sùan When the sun rises the mist disperses.
ciu7 bho5(7) lou7zui2 bhoi6(7) uah8 tshīu bô lōu-tsúi bŏi uâh The trees will not grow without dew.
hoh4(8)gu2 nang2-ciê2 m7bag4(8) u6(7) loh8(4)pag8 hoh-kú náng-tshíe m̆-pak ŭ lôh-phâk For a long time we have not had hail here.
dang1tin1 kiou1gian2(6)nang5 si6(7) ci1cam2 tang-thinn khiou-kiánn-nâng sĭ tshi-tshám In Winter the poor are miserable.
bu3(2)-gai5(7)nang5 li1 cêng7 siê1 pù-kâi-nâng li tshēng sie But the rich are warmly clad.
dang1tin1 cing3(2)zai7 tang-thinn tshìng-tsāi In Winter it is very cold.
hê7tin1 ziu6(7)ruah8 hē-thinn tsĭu-zûah But in Summer it is hot.
zêg8(4)nin5 u6(7) si3(2)kui3 tsêk-nî ŭ sì-khùi There are four seasons in a year.
do6(7) zou2(6)gê1 hê7tin1 bho5(7) ziê2 hiên3(2)ruah8 tŏ tsóu-ke hē-thinn bô tsíe hìenn-zûah In England the Summer is not so hot as here.
dang1tin1 ru2(6)cing3(2) ziê2 tang-thinn zú-tshìng tsíe In Winter it is colder than here.
do6(7) zou2(6)gê1 zêg8(4)nin5 cung1tin1 si6(7) siang7ho2 tŏ tsóu-ke tsêk-nî tshung-thinn sĭ sīang-hó In England Spring is the best of the year.
cung1tin1 gao3(2)lai5, cao2 long2(6)zong2 huag4 tshung-thinn kàu-lâi, tsháu lóng-tsóng huak When Spring comes, all the grass grow.

Section 4[edit | edit source]

Pêng'im TL Characters English
mêng5(7)ki2 mêng-khí Morning.
rig8(4)tao5 zîk-thâu Noon.
mên5(7)hng1 mênn-hng Evening.
ziên7gua3 tsīenn-kùa Forenoon.
ê6(7)gua3 ĕ-kùa Afternoon.
mên5(7)hng1gian2 mênn-hng-kíann To-night (early.)
gê1mên5 ke-mênn To-night (rather late.)
rig8 zîk Sun or day.
ghuêh8 gûeh Moon or month.
rig8-gua3 zîk-kùa In the day.
mên5-gua3 mênn-kùa In the night.
rig8 uan3 zîk-ùann Late in the day.
rig8 am3 zîk-àm Late in the night.
buan3(2)mên5 pùann-mênn Midnight
san1gê1buan3(2)mên5 sann-ke-pùann-mênn Third watch or midnight, (meaning a very late hour at night.)

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Pêng'im TL Characters English
mêng5(7)ki2 u6(7) nang5(7) lai5 a1bho5? mêng-khí ŭ nâng lâi a-bô? Did any body come this morning?
le2 zai1 a1 m7zai1? lúr tsai a-m̆-tsai? Do you know or not?
ua2 m7zai1 úa m̆-tsai I don't know.
rig8(4)dao3 ua2 m7do6(7) ziê2 ziah8 zîk-tàu úa m̆-tŏ tsíe tsîah I am not going to take dinner here at noon.
ua2 rig8(4)dao3 ain3(2)ke3(2) koih4 nang5(7)cian2 úa zîk-tàu àinn-khùr khoih nâng tshíann I am invited out for noon.
le2 diang1si5(7) zian3(2)ain3(2) dng2-lai5? lúr tiang-sî tsìann àinn tńg-lâi? When will you come back?
mên5(7)hng1 ziah2(6) dng2-lai5 mênn-hng tsíah tńg-lâi I shall not be back until to-night.
ba1lag4 ê6(7)gua3 ia7 m7zai1 pa-lak ĕ-kùa iā m̆-tsai Perhaps in the afternoon, but I don't know.
gê1mên5 i1 m7do6 ke-mênn i m̆-tŏ He shall not be at home to-night.
mên5(7)hng1-gian2 i1 ain3(2)lai5(7) ua2-go3 mênn-hng-kíann i àinn-lâi úa-kò He is coming to my place to-night.
ua2 cian2 i1 úa tshíann i I have invited him.
i1 zoh4(8) u6(7) riêh8(4)zoi7 rig8(4) gang1? i tsoh ŭ ziêh-tsōi zîk kang? How many days' work has he done?
i1 zoh4(8) u6(7) zêg8(4)gai5(7) ghuêh8 i tsoh ŭ tsêk-kâi guêh He has worked one month.
i1 rig8-gua3(2) zoh4, mên5-gua3 ia7 zoh4 i zîk-kùa tsoh, mên-kùa īa tsoh He worked in the day, and he also worked in the night.
i1 gai5(7) kang1kuê3 si6(7) dang3-zai7 i kâi khang-khùe sí tàng-tsāi His work is very heavy.
rig8(4) bhuê7-am3 zîk būe àm It is not yet dark.
le2 ug8(4)gao3(2) rig4(8) hiên3(2)uan3 zian3(2) zao2(6)ki2 lúr ûk-kàu zik hìenn-ùann tsìann tsáu-khí You have slept far into the day, before you got up.
ê6(7)rig4(8) le2 m7mon2(6) ug8(4)gao3(2) hiên3(2)uan3 ĕ-zik lúr m̆-mó ûk-kàu hìenn-ùann For the future, you must not sleep so late into the day.
rig8am3 diêh8(4) ke3(2)ug8 zîk-àm tîeh khùr-ûk When it is late at night, you must go to bed.
main3(2)gao3(2) buan3(2)mên5 zian3(2) ke3(2)ug8 màinn kàu pùann-mênn tsìann khùr-ûk Don't let it be midnight before you go to bed.
san1gên1buan3(2)mên5 main3(2) ke3(2)kao2 sann-kenn-pùann-mênn màinn khùr-kháu Don't go out at such a late hour at night.

Section 5[edit | edit source]

Pêng'im TL Characters English
za2 tsá Early.
za2(6)za2 tsá-tsá 早早 Very early.
tin1gng1 thinn-kng 天光 Day-break, dawn.
gian2(6)rig8 kíann-zîk To-day.
man(2)ki2 mánn-khí To-morrow.
ao6(7)rig8 ău-zîk 後日 Day after to-morrow.
dua7-ao6(7)rig8 dūa-ău-zîk 大後日 A day later than above.
za1rig8 tsa-zîk 昨日 Yesterday.
za1mên5 tsa-mênn 昨暝 Last night.
rig8(4)rig8 zîk-zîk 日日
bai5(7)rig8 pâi-zîk 排日 Every day.
mên5(7)nin5 mênn-nî Next year.
ni5(7)nin5 nî-nî 年年
bai5(7)nin5 pâi-nî 排年 Yearly.
zong1gu2 tsong-kú Always.
zua7zua7 tsūa-tsūa
ê7ê7 ĕ-ĕ 下下 Every occasion.


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Pêng'im TL Characters English
man3(2)-mêng5(7)ki2 le2 diêh8(4) za2(6)za2 zao2(6)ki2 mànn-mêng-khí lúr tîeh tsá-tsá tsáu-khí To-morrow morning, you must get up very early.
le2 m7mon2(6) ug8(4)gao3(2) rig8-uan3 zian3(2) zao2(6)ki2 lúr m̆-mó ûk-kàu zîk-ùann tsìann tsáu-khí You must not sleep until late in the day before you get up.
diêh8(4) za2(6)zê7 tîeh tsá-tsē You must be early.
dan1, le2 diêh8(4) ig4(8)dig4 tann, lúr tîeh ik-tik Now, you must remember.
m7mon2(6) m7 ig4(8)dig4 m̆-mó m̆ ik-dik Don't forget.
ho2, ua2 tin1gng1 ziu7 ain3(2) zao2(6)ki2 hó, úa thinn-gng tsīu àinn tsáu-khí Very well. As soon as day-break I will get up.
gian2(6)rig8 ua2 m7oin1 kiann-zîk úa m̆-oinn I am busy to-day.
man3(2)ki2 zian3(2)lai5 mànn-khí tsìann-lâi Come to-morrow.
man3(2)ki2 ruang7 diang1si5 mànn-khí zūang tiang-sî Any time to-morrow.
ho2-lo7, le2 ho2(6)ke3 hó-lō, lúr hó-khùr That will do, you may go.
ua2 gian2(6)rig8 tang3(2)rig8 do6(7) lai5 úa kíann-zîk thàng-zîk tŏ lâi I am at home all to-day.
man3(2)ki2 ua2 m7do6 mànn-khí úa m̆-tŏ I shall not be at home tomorrow.
le ming2(6)êng7 lai5 lúr míng-ēng lâi You need not come.
ao6(7)rig8 ua2 ziu6(7) dng2-lai5 ău-zîk úa tsĭu tńg-lâi I shall be back the day after to-morrow.
ua2 zua7zua7 lai5(7)gao3(2) cuê7 le2 m7do6 úa tsūa-tsūa lâi-kàu tshūe lúr m̆-tŏ On every occasion of my coming, I could not find you.
ua2 za1rig8 lai5, za1mên5 ia7 lai5 úa tsa-zîk lâi, tsa-mênn īa lâi I came yesterday, and last night as well.
i1 zong1gu2(6) si6(7) ziên3(2)sên1 i tsong-kú sĭ tsìenn-senn He is always like this.
i1 si6(7) duan6, zo3(2)se7 cing3(2)cai2(6) zo3 i sĭ tŭan, tsò-sē tshìng-tshái tsò He is idle, and does things carelessly.
le2 ê6(7)rig8 m7mon2(6) ziên3(2)sên1 lúr ĕ-zîk m̆-mó tsìenn-senn You must not be like this for the future.
le2 diêh8(4) ziên3(2)sên1 muêh8 lúr tîeh tsìenn-senn mûeh You must do it like this.
diêh8(4) gi3(2)dig4, rig8(4)rig8 diêh8(4) ziên3(2)sên1 tîeh kì-tik, zîk-zîk tîeh tsìenn-senn You must remember, and every day do like this.
ua2 nin5(7)nin5 diêh8(4) dng2-ke3 úa nî-nî tîeh tńg-khùr I must go home every year.
ua2 mên5(7)nin5 ain3(2) dng2-ke3 úa mênn-nî àinn tńg-khùr I shall go home next year.
zêg8(4)nin5 nan7si6(7) bho5(7)dng2-ke3 ziu6(7) m7zo3(2)dig4 tsêk-nî nā-sĭ bô-tńg-khùr tsĭu m̆-tsò-tik It will not do, unless I go home once a year.