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Sentence Fragments: A noun and an adjective

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  • الولد الكبير
el waladu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: al-wa-la-dul-ka-biir
The big boy
  • الكتاب الكبير
el kitaabu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: al-ki-taa-bul-ka-biir
The big book
  • البنت الكبيرة
el bint el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: al-bin-tul-ka-bii-rah
The big girl
  • الكرسي الكبير
el kursiyyu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown:
The big chair
  • ولد كبير
waladuń kabiiruń
Syllable breakdown: wa-la-dun-ka-biir
A big boy
  • بنت كبيرة
bintuń kabiirätuń
Syllable breakdown: bin-tun-ka-bii-rah
A big girl

Idžaafä

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  • كتاب الولد
kitaabu el waladi
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's book / The book of the boy
  • كتاب البنت
kitaabu el binti
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's book / The book of the girl
  • كرسي الولد
kursiyyu el waladi
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's chair / The chair of the boy
  • كرسي البنت
kursiyyu el binti
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's chair / The chair of the girl.
  • مدرسة الولد
madrasätu el waladi
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school / The school of the boy
  • مدرسة البنت
madrasätu el binti
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's school / The school of the girl

Equational Sentences

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  • .مدرسة البنت كبيرة
Madrasätu el binti kabiirätuń.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's school is big.
  • .مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Madrasätu el waladi kabiirätuń.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school is big.
  • .كرسي الولد كبير
Kursiyyu el waladi kabiiruń.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's chair is big.
  • . كرسي البنت كبير
Kursiyyu el binti kabiiruń.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's chair is big.
  • .كتاب الولد كبير جدًا
Kitaabu el waladi kabiiruń jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's book is very big.
  • .كتاب البنت كبير جدًا
Kitaabu el binti kabiiruń jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's book is very big.
  • .كتاب نوار صغير
Kitaabu Nawwaar sžagħiiruń.
Syllable breakdown:
Nawwar's book is small.
  • كرسي لين كبير جدًا
Kursiyyu Liin kabiiruń jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
Leen's chair is very big.

Negative Equational Sentences

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  • .ليست مدرسة البنت كبيرة
Laisat madrasätu el binti kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's school is not big.
  • . ليست مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Laisat madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school is not big.
  • . ليس كرسي الولد كبيرًا
Laisa kursiyyu el waladi kabiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's chair is not big.
  • . ليس كرسي البنت كبيرًا
Laisa kursiyyu el binti kabiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's chair is not big.
  • . ليس كتاب الولد كبيرًا جدًا
Laisa kitaabu el waladi kabiirân jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's book is not very big.
  • .ليس كتاب البنت كبيرًا جدًا
Laisa kitaabu el binti kabiirân jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's book is not very big.
  • .ليس كتاب نوار صغيرًا
Laisa kitaabu Nawwaar sžagħiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
Nawwar's book is not small.
  • ليس كرسي لين كبيرًا جدًا
Laisa kursiyyu Liin kabiirân jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
Leen's chair is not very big.

Sentence fragments: Idžaafä + Adjectives

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  • مدرسة البنت الكبيرة
madrasätu el binti el kabiiräti
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tul-bin-til-ka-bii-rah
The big girl's school
  • مدرسة البنت ,الكبيرة
madrasätu el binti el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tul-bin-til-ka-bii-rah
The girl's big school
  • مدرسة الولد الكبيرة
madrasätu el waladi el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tul-wa-la-dil-ka-bii-rah
The boy's big school.
  • مدرسة الولد الكبير
madrasätu el waladi el kabiiri
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tul-wa-la-dil-ka-biir
The big boy's school.
  • كتاب الولد الكبير
kitaabu el waladi el kabiiri
Syllable breakdown:ki-taa-bul-wa-la-dil-ka-biir
The big boy's book
  • كتاب الولد,الكبير
kitaabu el waladi el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: ki-taa-bul-wa-la-dil-ka-biir
The boy's big book
  • كتاب البنت الكبير
kitaabu el binti el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: ki-taa-bul-bin-til-ka-biir
The girl's big book
  • كتاب البنت الكبيرة
kitaabu el binti el kabiiräti
Syllable breakdown: ki-taa-bul-bin-til-ka-bii-rah
The big girl's book

Possessive adjectives

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  • مدرستها
madrasatu-haa
Syllable breakdown:mad-ra-sa-tu-haa
Her school
  • مدرستها الكبيرة
madrasatu-haa el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tu-hal-ka-bii-rah
Her big school
  • مدرسته الكبيرة
madrasatu-huú el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tu-hul-ka-bii-rah
His big school
  • مدرسته
madrasatu-huú
Syllable breakdown: mad-ra-sa-tuh
His school.
  • كتابه
kitaabu-huú
Syllable breakdown:ki-taa-buh
His book
  • كتابه الكبير
kitaabu-huú el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: ki-taa-bu-hul-ka-biir
His big book
  • كتابها الكبير
kitaabu-haa el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown:ki-taa-bu-hal-ka-biir
Her big book
  • كتابها
kitaabu el binti el kabiiräti
Syllable breakdown:
Her book

Sentence fragments: This

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  • هذا الولد الكبير
haádħaa el waladu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħal-wa-la-dul-ka-biir
This big boy
  • هذا الولد
haádħaa el waladu
Syllable breakdown:haa-dħal-wa-lad
This boy
  • هذا الكتاب الكبير
haádħaa el kitaabu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħal-ki-taa-bul-ka-biir
This big book
  • هذا الكتاب
haádħaa el kitaabu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħal-ki-taab
This book
  • هذه البنت الكبيرة
haádħihií el bint el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħi-hil-bin-tul-ka-bii-rah
This big girl
  • هذه البنت
haádħihií el bint el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħi-hil-bin-tul-ka-bii-rah
This girl
  • هذا الكرسي الكبير
haádħaa el kursiyyu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown:haa-dħal-kur-siy-yul-ka-biir
This big chair
  • هذا الكرسي
haádħaa el kursiyyu
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħal-kur-siyy
This chair

Statements: This + Definite

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  • .هذا هو الولد الكبير
haádħaa huwa el waladu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-hu-wal-wa-la-dul-ka-biir
This is the big boy.
  • .هذا هو الولد
haádħaa huwa el waladu
Syllable breakdown:haa-dħaa-hu-wal-wa-lad
This is the boy.
  • .هذا هو الكتاب الكبير
haádħaa huwa el kitaabu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-hu-wal-ki-taa-bul-ka-biir
This is the big book.
  • .هذا هو الكتاب
haádħaa huwa el kitaabu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-hu-wal-ki-taab
This is the book.
  • .هذه هي البنت الكبيرة
haádħihii hiya el bint el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħi-hii-hi-yal-bin-tul-ka-bii-rah
This is the big girl.
  • .هذه هي البنت
haádħihii hiya el bint el kabiirätu
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħi-hii-hi-yal-bin-tul-ka-bii-rah
This is the girl.
  • .هذا هو الكرسي الكبير
haádħaa huwa el kursiyyu el kabiiru
Syllable breakdown:haa-dħaa-hu-wal-kur-siy-yul-ka-biir
This is the big chair.
  • .هذا هو الكرسي
haádħaa huwa el kursiyyu
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-hu-wal-kur-siyy
This is the chair.

Sentence fragments: This

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  • .هذا ولد كبير
haádħaa waladuń kabiiruń
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-wa-la-dun-ka-biir
This is a big boy.
  • .هذا ولد
haádħaa waladuń
Syllable breakdown:haa-dħaa-wa-lad
This is a boy.
  • .هذا كتاب كبير
haádħaa kitaabuń kabiiruń
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-ki-taa-bun-ka-biir
This is a big book.
  • .هذا كتاب
haádħaa kitaabuń
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-ki-taab
This is a book.
  • .هذه بنت كبيرة
haádħihii bintuń kabiirätuń
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħi-hii-bin-tun-ka-bii-rah
This is a big girl.
  • .هذه بنت
haádħihii bintuń
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħi-hii-bin-tun
This girl
  • .هذا كرسي كبير
haádħaa kursiyyuń kabiiruń
Syllable breakdown:haa-dħaa-kur-siy-yun-ka-biir
This is a big chair.
  • .هذا كرسي
haádħaa kursiyyuń
Syllable breakdown: haa-dħaa-kur-siyy
This is a chair.

To make one of these a questions add أ "a" to the beginning of the sentence.

  • أهذا كتاب؟
A haádħaa kitaabuń?
Syllable breakdown: a-haa-dħaa-ki-taab
Is this a book?

Equational sentences==>Questions

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Past Equational Statements and Questions

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  • .كانت مدرسة البنت كبيرة
Kaanat madrasätu el binti kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's school was big.
  • .كانت مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Kaanat madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school was big.
  • .كان كرسي الولد كبيرًا
Kaana kursiyyu el waladi kabiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's chair was big.
  • . كان كرسي البنت كبيرًا
Kaana kursiyyu el binti kabiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's chair was big.
  • .كان كتاب الولد كبيرًا جدًا
Kaana kitaabu el waladi kabiirân jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's book was very big.
  • .كان كتاب البنت كبيرًا جدًا
Kaana kitaabu el binti kabiirân jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's book was very big.
  • .كان كتاب نوار صغيرًا
Kaana kitaabu Nawwaar sžagħiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
Nawwar's book was small.
  • كان كرسي لين كبيرًا جدًا
Kaana kursiyyu Liin kabiirân jiddân.
Syllable breakdown:
Leen's chair was very big.

To turn one of these into a question add the word هل "hal" to the beginning.

  • هل كان كتاب البنت كبيرًا جدًا؟
Hal kaana kitaabu el binti kabiirân jiddân?
Syllable breakdown:
Was the girl's book very big?

THE FOLLOWING NEEDS CONFIRMATION(SPECIFICALLY FOR THE CASE ENDINGS). To turn one of these into a really strong statement add كم "kam" to the beginning.

  • .كم كان كتاب البنت كبيرًا
Kam kaana kitaabu el binti kabiirân.
Syllable breakdown:
Was the girl's book very big.

To turn one of these into a negative statement add ما "máa" to the beginning (it must go directly before the verb كان "kaana"):

  • .ما كانت مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Máa kaanat madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school was not big.

To turn one of these into a negative statement that covers all time at أبدًا "abadân" to the end of the sentence.

  • .ما كانت مدرسة الولد كبيرة أبدًا
Máa kaanat madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań abadân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school was never big.

Oftentimes you will find: Instead of: ما كان máa kaana  ; You will find:لم يكن lam yakun Instead of: ما كانت máa kaanat  ; You will find: لم تكن lam takun

  • .لم تكن مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Lam takun madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:lam-ta-kum-mad-ra-sa-tul-wa-la-di-ka-bii-rah
The boy's school was not big.

Future Equational Statements and Questions

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  • .ستكون مدرسة البنت كبيرة
Sa takuunu madrasätu el binti kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's school will be big.
  • .ستكون مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Sa takuunu madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school will be big.
    • .ستكون كبيرة
Sa takuunu kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
It will be big. (not stressing "it")


  • .سيكون كتاب الولد مفيدًا
Sa yakuunu kitaabu el waladi mufiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's book will be useful.
    • .سيكون مفيدًا
Sa yakuunu kitaabu el waladi mufiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
It will be useful. (not stressing "it")
  • . سيكون كرسي البنت جديدًا
Sa yakuunu kursiyyu el binti jadiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's chair will be new.
    • . سيكون جديدًا
Sa yakuunu jadiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
It will be new.

The word سـ "sa" is the short form of سوف"saufa". "sa" is more common than سوف "saufa". سوف "saufa" is for things in a farther future than "sa" indicates(In English we use the word "eventually" to put things in the far future.).

Past (-) Equational Statements and Questions

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  • .لم تكن البنت كبيرة
Lam takun el bintu kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl was not big.
  • ألم يكن الولد كبيرًا؟
A lam yakun el waladu kabiirân?
Syllable breakdown:
Wasn't the boy big?

Future (-) Equational Statements and Questions

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  • .لن تكون مدرسة البنت كبيرة
Lan takuuna madrasätu el binti kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's school won't be big.
  • .لن تكون مدرسة الولد كبيرة
Lan takuuna madrasätu el waladi kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's school won't be big.
    • .لن تكون كبيرة
Lan takuuna kabiirätań.
Syllable breakdown:
It won't be big. (not stressing "it")
  • .لن يكون كتاب الولد مفيدًا
Lan yakuuna kitaabu el waladi mufiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy's book won't be useful.
    • .لن يكون مفيدًا
Lan yakuuna kitaabu el waladi mufiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
It won't be useful. (not stressing "it")
  • . لن يكون كرسي البنت جديدًا
Lan yakuuna kursiyyu el binti jadiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
The girl's chair won't be new.
    • . لن يكون جديدًا
Lan yakuuna jadiidân.
Syllable breakdown:
It won't be new.

To make it a question add أ"a" to the beginning of the sentence. مثلا(matħalân) = For example:

    • ألن يكون جديدًا؟
A lan yakuuna jadiidân?
Syllable breakdown:
Won't it be new?

Basic Verbs in the past tense

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  • .ذهب الولد إلى مدرسته
Dħahaba el waladu ilaa madrasati-hií.
Syllable breakdown:
The boy went to his school.
    • .هو)ذهب إلى مدرسته
(Huwa) Dħahaba ilaà madrasäti-hií.
Syllable breakdown: hu-wa-dħa-ha-ba-i-laa-mad-ra-sa-tih
(He) went to his school.
  • .ذهب الأولاد إلى بيوتهم
Dħahaba el aulaadu ilaà ħbuyuuti-him.
Syllable breakdown: dħa-ha-bal-au-laa-du-i-laa-bu-yuu-ti-him
The boys went to their houses.
  • .هم) ذهبوا إلى بيوتهم
(Hum) Dħahabuù ilaà buyuuti-him.
Syllable breakdown: hum-dħa-ha-buu-i-laa-bu-yuu-ti-him
(They) went to their houses.
  • .ذهبت بنت إلى المدرسة
Dħahabat bintuń ilaà el madrasäti.
Syllable breakdown: dħa-ha-bat-biñ-tun-i-lal-mad-ra-sah
A girl went to school.
  • .هي)ذهبت إلى المدرسة
(Hiya) Dħahabat ilaà el madrasäti.
Syllable breakdown: hi-ya-dħa-ha-bat-i-lal-mad-ra-sah
(She) went to school.

Sentence fragment with...

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  • الولد الذي ذهب إلى مدرسته
El waladu elladħii Dħahaba ilaa madrasati-hií
Syllable breakdown:
The boy who went to his school
  • الأولاد) الذين ذهبوا
(El aulaadu) elladħiina dħahabuù
Syllable breakdown:
The boys who went Without Bracketed words: the ones who went
  • .البنت ) التي ذهبت إلى المدرسة
(el bintu) ellatii Dħahabat ilaà el madrasäti
Syllable breakdown:
The girl that went to school. Without Bracketed words: the one who went to school

Comparative

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  • .هذا الكتاب أكبر من ذلك القلم
haádħaa el kitaabu akbaru min dħaalika el qalami.
Syllable breakdown:
This book is bigger than that pen.
  • .هذا الكتاب أكبر من قلمي
haádħaa el kitaabu akbaru min qalamiî.
Syllable breakdown:
This book is bigger than my pen.
  • .كتابي أكبر من كتابك
Syllable breakdown:
My pen is bigger than your pen. (talking to a male)
  • .كتابي أكبر من كتابكم
Syllable breakdown:
My pen is bigger than your pen. (talking to a group not all females, and not to groups)
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