Annotations to James Joyce's Ulysses/Oxen of the Sun/398
Annotations
[edit | edit source]nisus formativus (Latin) formative tendency.[1] This was Johann Friedrich Blumenbach's term for the creative impulse (German: Bildungstrieb) which he believed all living things possessed.[2] By attributing this to the spermatozoon, the author seems to be appropriating Blumenbach's term to describe Aristotle's theory that the semen or male principle determines the sex of the embryo: if the male principle prevails, the embryo becomes male; if the male principle is prevailed over, the embryo does not become male (i.e. a female embryo is one which was not made male).[3]
succubitus felix (Latin) the fertile one who has lain under [another].[4] If this were in the feminine (succubita felix), it could refer to a woman who has lain down passively in order to let a man mount her. However, the masculine gender and the context suggest that the expression actually refers to a happily chosen position; felix can mean happy. This may allude to Aristotle's theory that the passive female element may prevail over the male during sexual intercourse (resulting in a female embryo) if, for example, the copulating creatures face north or south.[5]
Hyg. et Eug. Doc. Doctor of Hygienics and Eugenics, a mock academic degree describing Mulligan's present preoccupation with hygienics and eugenics.[6] Like Stephen's mock degree, Mulligan's suggests a Dog Latin adaptation of Divinitatis Doctor (Doctor of Divinity).
Disc. Bacc. (Dog Latin) Disciplinis Baccalaureus, Bachelor of Discipline, a mock Latin academic degree analogous to B. A. (Artium Baccalaureus, or Bachelor of Arts).[7] Gifford translates this as Bachelor of Discourse, but in this section the degrees conferred on the graduates generally reflect the points they are making; Crotthers attributes the demise in the calibre of the race to discipline in the home.
Bacc. Arith. (Dog Latin) Baccalaureus Arithmeticorum, Bachelor of Arithmetic, a mock Latin academic degree analogous to B. A. (Artium Baccalaureus, or Bachelor of Arts).[8] This particular degree is appropriate, as Lynch is proposing a law of numeration to account for everything.
References
[edit | edit source]- ↑ Gifford (1988) 437.
Thornton (1968) 344-345. - ↑ Blumenbach, Johann Friedrich (1781). Über den Bildungstrieb und das Zeugungsgeschäfte. Göttingen: Johann Christian Dieterich,.
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: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ↑ Aristotle, On the Generation of Animals 4.1.763b20-766b26.
- ↑ Gifford (1988) 437.
- ↑ Aristotle, On the Generation of Animals 4.2.767a8-12.
- ↑ Gifford (1988) 437.
- ↑ Gifford (1988) 437.
- ↑ Gifford (1988) 437.