Niw Englisch/Grammar/Prepositions and Postpositions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Each preposition governs one or more cases of noun, which determine the definite article and adjective forms, and inflections of the nouns.
Genitive[edit | edit source]
- andlang alongside
- for because of
- ȝonseids on that side of
- innen inside of
- onstaal instead of
- þisseids on this side of
- uten outside of
- Wiȝ sind for þes Wedders læt We're late because of the weather
- Scie is ȝonseids þer Burg She's on that side of the city.
- Wiȝ treddeden andlang þes Streames We walked along the stream.
- Ic sawe Mockingjay onstaal þes Filmes The Shadow. I saw Mockingjay instead of the movie The Shadow.
Dative[edit | edit source]
- buten: except; free from
- fram: from, by (passive agent)
- mid: together with, with, among
Examples:
- It warþ fram meiner Swester geslagen it was hit by my sister
- Hje sind fram Frankland they are from France
- Ic em mid meiner Moder I am together with my mother
Accusative[edit | edit source]
- ȝond throughout, during
- oþ up to, till, as far as, until
- þurh through; by (passive agent)
- um around, about
Examples:
- ȝond þie Wuke during the week
- um mein Huus around my house
- um 7 Uhr about seven o'clock
- Wiȝ bleifeþ oþ þen Æfen We're staying till the evening.
- Þein Auto was þurh mein Auto geslagen your car was hit by my car.
Dative/Accusative[edit | edit source]
- betwix: between
- buten: outside of
- in: w.d. in; w.a. in, inside, into
- ofer
- on: w.d.a. on
- under: w.d.a. under
- wiþ: w.d. against (opposition); from (separation); w.a. with, at; w.d.a. beside, opposite, near;
Examples:
- ic fehte wiþ him I'm fighting against him
- þu gæst wiþ þeines Bruders Huus you're going from your brother's house
- Ga wiþ þat Auto and beleife. Go beside that car and wait.
- he stændeþ buten þem Huus. Ic ga buten þat Huus. He's standing outside of the house. I'm going out of the house.
- Laak ofer þen Hund! Leap over the dog!
- Meine Bok is underm Beod. My book is under the table.
Abbreviations[edit | edit source]
Like German, some prepositions merge with the definite article to form an abbreviated form. The most common are:
- in þem -> im
- on þem -> om
- in þat -> int
- on þat -> ont
- innen þes -> innens
Examples:
- Hje gingen innens Huuses they went inside the house
- Ic em im Auto I'm in the car
- Mein Katte is om Bedd My cat is on the bed