Estonian/Verbs

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A verb normally occurs between the subject and object of a sentence. The subject is in the nominative ("nimetav") case, and the object is in the case that communictates the intended meaning.


First Estonian verbs[edit | edit source]

English
Infinitive
Estonian
Infinitive
Indicative Present
I mina you sina he/she tema we meie you teie they nemad
to be olema olen oled on oleme olete on
to know teadma tean tead teab teame teate teavad
to want tahtma tahan tahad tahab tahame tahate tahavad
to see nägema näen näed näeb näeme näete näevad
to hear kuulma kuulen kuuled kuuleb kuuleme kuulete kuulevad
to eat sööma söön sööd sööb sööme sööte söövad
to look for otsima otsin otsid otsib otsime otsite otsivad
to read lugema loen loed loeb loeme loete loevad


Example Phrases With Object in Nominative (nimetav) Case[edit | edit source]

  • Kõik stseenid lõigiti ära.
    • All scenes were cut out.
  • Nad ehitasid seinad.
    • The built the walls.
  • Hunt ajas silmad suureks.
    • The wolf made his eyes big.

Example Phrases With Object in Possessive (omastav) Case[edit | edit source]

Example Phrases With Object in Partitive (Osastav) Case[edit | edit source]

Estonian has no definite or indefinite articles, so "a/an" and "the" can be used interchangeably.

Words that might need explanation are in blue and can be hovered over to reveal their meaning and/or case.

  • See on tüdruk
    • This is a/the girl
  • Ta sööb õuna
    • He/She eats a/the apple
  • See maja on minu kodu
    • This house is my home
  • Ta tahab õuna
    • He/She wants an/the apple
  • Sina tead seda
    • You know that
  • Ma kuulen sind
    • I hear you
  • Ma loen raamatut
    • I read a book
  • Poiss otsib tüdruku koera
    • The boy is looking for the girl's dog