Telugu/Alphabet

Vowels (అచ్చులు atchulu)

Telugu has 18 vowels of which 3 are virtually phased out and hence do not have transliterations. Like other major Dravidian languages, the Telugu vowel set adds short /e/ and /o/ in addition to the long /eː/ and /oː/ of the Indo-Aryan languages.

Vowels

Vowel	Transliteration	IPA pronounciation
అ	a	/a/
ఆ	aa or A	/ɑː/
ఇ	i	/ɪ/
ఈ	I or ee	/iː/
ఉ	u	/u/
ఊ	U or oo	/uː/
ఋ	R	/ru/
ౠ	Ru	/ruː/
ఌ	-	/lu/
ౡ	-	/luː/
ఎ	e	/e/
ఏ	E	/eː/
ఐ	ai	/ai/
ఒ	o	/o/
ఓ	O	/oː/
ఔ	ou (depends on transliterator)	/au/
అం	am or aM (depends on transliterator)	/oː/
అః	-	/aha/

The rhotics ఋ and ౠ (originally /r/ and /rː/), like the liquids ఌ and ౡ (originally /l/ and /lː/) have now turned into the syllables /ru/, /ruː/, /lu/, /luː/ respectively. They are fast going out of currency and are no longer included in the standard Telugu school textbooks issued by the government of Andhra Pradesh, which now prefers the actual consonants with a /u/ appended (e.g. /ruʃɪ/ (monk) used to be written ఋషి but nowadays, రుషి is preferred).

Consonants (హల్లులు hallulu)

క ఖ గ ఘ ఙ
చ ఛ జ ఝ ఞ
ట ఠ డ ఢ ణ
త థ ద ధ న
ప ఫ బ భ మ
య ర ల వ
శ ష స హ
ళ క్ష ఱ
The consonants correspond almost one-to-one to the set in Sanskrit, with two exceptions. One is the historical form of /r/ఱ which is now again being phased out by the current form ర. (e.g. /gurːam/ (horse) was written గుఱ్ఱం but is now written గుర్రం). The other is the retroflex lateral ళ /ɭ/. This languge is known as latin of east and second largest speaking language in INDIA. This language has typical grammer with connection mathamatics