Russian/Prepositions

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Contents 1 Prepositions 1.1 Accusative 1.2 Genitive 1.3 Dative 1.4 Instrumental 1.5 Prepositional 2 Prepositions with 2 cases 2.1 Accusative and Prepositional 2.2 Accusative and instrumental 2.3 Genitive and instrumental 3 Examples

[edit] Prepositions

[edit] Accusative про - on the topic of сквозь через - in, after, by [edit] Genitive без - without вне - outside of вместо - instead of вокруг, около - around до - until для - for из - of, outside of из-за - from behind из-под - from below кроме - except (for) мимо - past (movement) от - off, from после - after у - at, close to среди - among много+Gpl несколько+Gpl мало+ Gpl

[edit] Dative к or ко - to, towards благодаря - thanks to [edit] Instrumental над - on top of перед - in front of между - in between c - with [edit] Prepositional при - in times of, in the presence of о or об - on the topic of на, в - in and on

[edit] Prepositions with 2 cases

Like in German, some prepositions can have 2 cases. The accusative (again, like in German) and the genitive cases are used to express movement: accusative pertains to destination, while genitive indicates the source of movement. The instrumental and the Prepositional are used to express staticness.

[edit] Accusative and Prepositional

• в or во - in, inside of
• на - on, on top of

[edit] Accusative and instrumental

• за - behind, for
• под - under

[edit] Genitive and instrumental

• с - of (G), with (I)

[edit] Examples

Accusative:

Книга упала на пол. 

The book fell on the floor.

За Родину! 

For the Motherland!

Genitive:

Четыре стула стоят вокруг стола. 

Four chairs are standing around the table.

Диван стоит у стены. 

The couch is standing against the wall.

Он выходит из университéта. 

He's coming out of the university.

Bозвращáюсь с рабóты. 

I'm coming back from work.

Dative:

Ваза пододвинута к краю стола.  

The vase is moved towards the edge of the table.

Идý к роди́телям. 

I'm going to my parents'.

Instrumental:

Лампа висит под потолком. 

The lamp hangs under the ceiling.

Игорь идёт с другом. 

Igor walks with a friend.

Он стоит за дверью. 

He's standing behind the door.

Prepositional:

Стол и стулья стоят в центре комнаты. 

The table and the chairs are in the middle of the room.

Ваза стоит на столе. 

The vase stands on the table.

Книга и вещи лежат на столе. 

The book and the things are lying on the table.

Телевизор стоит на столике. 

The television is on the small table.

Картина висит на стене. 

The painting hangs on the wall.

Note: using the preposition "в/во" when saying you're in a place, or going to a place, works in the majority of cases; however, some places require you to use "на" instead of "в/во".

For example:

Pабóтаю в университéте. 

I work at the university.

but:

Pабóтаю на факультéте (чего-нибудь). 

I work at the faculty (of something).

Similarly:

Идý в бюро. 

I'm going to the office.

but:

Идý на работу. 

I'm going to work.

And more. There is a limited number of those, but the use of "на" over that of "в/во" is mandatory in these cases.