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[edit] Chapters

Chapter 1: The Riddle House

Chapter 2: The Scar

Chapter 3: The Invitation

Chapter 4: Back to the Burrow

Chapter 5: Weasley's Wizard Wheezes

Chapter 6: The Portkey

Chapter 7: Bagman and Crouch

Chapter 8: The Quidditch World Cup

Chapter 9: The Dark Mark

Chapter 10: Mayhem at the Ministry

Chapter 11: Aboard the Hogwart's Express

Chapter 12: The Triwizard Tournament

Chapter 13: Mad-Eye Moody

Chapter 14: The Unforgivable Curses

Chapter 15: Beauxbatons and Durmstrang

Chapter 16: The Goblet of Fire

Chapter 17: The Four Champions

Chapter 18: The Weighing of the Wands

Chapter 19: The Hungarian Horntail

Chapter 20: The First Task

Chapter 21: The House-Elf Liberation Front

Chapter 22: The Unexpected Task

Chapter 23: The Yule Ball

Chapter 24: Rita Skeeter's Scoop

Chapter 25: The Egg and the Eye

Chapter 26: The Second Task

Chapter 27: Padfoot Returns

Chapter 28: The Madness of Mr. Crouch

Chapter 29: The Dream

Chapter 30: The Pensieve

Chapter 31: The Third Task

Chapter 32: Flesh, Blood, and Bone

Chapter 33: The Death Eaters

Chapter 34: Priori Incantatem

Chapter 35: Veritaserum

Chapter 36: The Parting of the Ways

Chapter 37: The Beginning

[edit] Overview

The fourth book in the Harry Potter series, Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire is told from the viewpoint of the now fourteen-year-old Harry. Apart from the usual magic, events at Hogwarts School, and frustration of the Dursleys, it includes a visit to the Quidditch World Cup, and an ancient tournament that, after a hiatus of over a century, is being restarted at Hogwarts School. Darker and more mature than the preceding entries in the series, this book again shows us Harry maturing and gaining strength in preparation to fight the gathering darkness.

While this book is rather daunting in appearance at 636 pages (Bloomsbury / Raincoast edition), it is set in larger type than the previous three volumes. If set in the same type as Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, it would be 487 pages (approximately) to 223 for Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.

[edit] Book Highlights

• New places visited: Quidditch World Cup Stadium, Little Hangleton, Hogwarts's kitchen, Prefects' bathroom
• Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher: Alastor "Mad-Eye" Moody
• Title refers to: The Goblet of Fire

Chapter 1: The Riddle House

[edit] Synopsis

The story opens in the small village of Little Hangleton at "The Riddle House." Many villagers still call it that, even though many years have passed since the Riddle family actually lived there. Atop a hill overlooking the village, the former manor was the largest building in the area.

The house has a creepy reputation. Half a century ago, the Riddle family, including the son, then about thirty years old, and his parents, were found dead in the living room. Frank Bryce, the Riddles' gardener, was arrested on suspicion of homicide but was released when it was determined the victims were not murdered; they simply died. But the villagers remain suspicious.

Bryce now lives alone on the Riddle property, caring for the house and grounds for its absent owners as best he can despite his advancing age. Late one night, Bryce investigates a light in one of the house's windows. Inside, he overhears Lord Voldemort and Wormtail (Peter Pettigrew) planning to take action after the Quidditch World Cup, although Bryce has no idea what that is. Lord Voldemort apparently distrusts Wormtail to act alone, and talks about his "faithful servant". It appears they have already killed someone named Bertha Jorkins.

Bryce is discovered by Nagini, Voldemort's huge snake, and Wormtail forces him into the room. Bryce threatens them with the police; Voldemort, calling him a Muggle, completely disdains Bryce's threat and slays him with a killing curse.

Two hundred miles away, Harry Potter suddenly awakens with a sharp pain in his scar.

[edit] Analysis

This marks the second time in the series that a book has opened somewhere other than with Harry Potter at the Dursleys. The first was Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. Readers are also witness to a murder first-hand, whereas before, anyone who has been killed was mentioned after the fact. Arguably, Harry is viewing the events in a dream, although given the detail he sees and his strong reaction to it, it is likely to be much more than that. Also, the story starts with the villagers' view of events that occurred in the old Riddle house some 50 years ago, and then shifts to Frank Bryce's current point-of-view. Harry's recollection seems to be as a detached third (or fifth) party, as he recalls, upon awakening, both seeing Frank fall, and the armchair swivel from Frank's viewpoint.

It should be mentioned that Voldemort, discussing his "faithful servant," is clearly talking about someone other than Wormtail. This third person's identity is left unclear. Wormtail is quite frightened, however, as the implication is that Voldemort does not consider Wormtail to be entirely loyal, and therefore subject to punishment and perhaps death. This again illuminates Voldemort's character: he rules his associates through fear and pain, rather than commanding their respect or fidelity.

This also marks Voldemort's pet snake, Nagini's, first appearance. Wormtail is apparently milking Nagini for some substance, possibly venom, to keep Lord Voldemort alive. If this is truly Voldemort, and not a dream, then even in his weakened state, his power is already strong and likely growing.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does the Riddle manor have a "creepy" reputation?
2. Why was Frank Bryce accused and later exonerated of the Riddle family's murders?

[edit] Further Study

1. Who is the "rich" owner of the Riddle house?
2. Why does Harry awaken in pain, 200 miles away, just as Frank Bryce is murdered?

[edit] Greater Picture

Later in this book, and also in a subsequent book, Harry will have "dreams" that appear to reflect actual occurrences happening in Voldemort's mind; internal evidence in the book leads credence that events in this chapter may well be such a "dream". Professor Dumbledore surmises that this link is, partially, the residual effects from Voldemort's curse when he attempted to kill baby Harry. This act may have resulted in Voldemort's soul shard being transferred to Harry, thus unintentionally making Harry one of Voldemort's seven Horcruxes. Much later, Dumbledore speculates that this perhaps constitutes a true link between their minds. Voldemort initially seems unaware that this connection exists, but he later exploits it in an attempt to entrap Harry; this happens throughout the fifth book.

Nagini seems more biddable and intelligent than a snake ought to be. Finding a Muggle standing in the hall, as Nagini does, a normal snake would attack, hide, or otherwise react; Nagini glides past unconcernedly and promptly reports his presence to her master. Nagini, we will find later, is also a Horcrux, and perhaps some human-like intelligence was passed to the snake in the process of moving Voldemort's soul shard to her.

While the "faithful servant" who will be returning to bring Voldemort's plans against Harry to fruition is unknown, we are clearly meant to guess, given Harry's distrust of his potions master, that Voldemort is referring to Professor Snape. However, upon closer inspection of Wormtail and Snape's careers, we can see that each reacted similarly at Voldemort's downfall; Wormtail went into hiding, and Snape continued working for Dumbledore. Neither, during Voldemort's absence, professed loyalty to his ideals; each, in his own way, repudiated Voldemort's scheme for Wizardkind. In fact, as Snape seemed to have been hindering Voldemort's attempts to regain the Philosopher's Stone in the first book of the series, it is likely that Voldemort believes Snape has entirely turned to the good side, an assumption which may be echoed in a later chapter of this book, and which is not repudiated in detail until the sixth book. While it is never made entirely clear exactly who Voldemort's faithful servant is, it is likely that Voldemort is referring to Barty Crouch Jr., whose existence he had discovered by questioning Bertha Jorkins. The "one more curse" that Voldemort refers to is likely the Imperius curse which Wormtail will cast on Bartemius Crouch.

Chapter 2: The Scar

[edit] Synopsis

Harry awakes with a start, his scar burning painfully. He goes over the dream he just had and remembers seeing Wormtail and Voldemort in a dark room, killing an old man. Concentrating, he recalls that they were also plotting to kill someone else—him. Focusing on his current whereabouts, Privet Drive, Harry deliberates over what to do about this—his burning scar usually has something to do with Voldemort. Should he tell his friends? Hermione comes to mind, and he imagines her advice; he should just tell Dumbledore. Ron would want to ask his Dad about the usual behaviour of scars made by Curses.

He decides to write to his godfather, Sirius Black, and tell him what has been happening with the Dursleys and his scar. He finishes the letter and waits for his owl, Hedwig, to return from hunting.

[edit] Analysis

Much in this chapter revisits familiar ground – reintroducing Harry, his friends, his school, and the Wizarding world in general. This is a common pattern in the series, and the author may feel it is necessary to reestablish ground rules and bring new readers up to speed on the plot, or at least the characters and situation.

Ron and Hermione are reintroduced by Harry's imagined reactions to him telling them his latest news. The Dursley family is also mentioned in this way, as is Professor Dumbledore, by way of Harry's thoughts about what the consequences might be if he were to reveal what has happened. Harry's relationship with Sirius Black is also revisited, and it is Sirius who Harry believes is the one person he can confide in about his dream without any concern over how he will react. This may indicate that Harry now considers Sirius as his real family.

We are led to believe that the dream Harry has experienced is a real event by the narration of the previous chapter. That chapter travels seamlessly from past events which Harry could not have known about, through current events as seen by Frank Bryce, and brings us back into the story with his fatal encounter with Voldemort and Wormtail. In this chapter, we see Harry doubting its reality and wondering if he had seen a real event. We don't have any proof at the moment, but we accept that somehow, by means of his scar, Harry has perceived something that is occurring in Voldemort's life.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. When was the last time Harry's scar was burning?
2. In the dream, Wormtail attempts to discourage Voldemort from using Harry in Voldemort's scheme. Why would Wormtail do this?
3. Why does Harry choose to write to his godfather rather than Ron or Hermione about his scar hurting?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why doesn't Voldemort experience the same mental connection with Harry that Harry has with him?

[edit] Greater Picture

Harry's scar has taken on a significant new role. While it has always been a focal point in the story, until now it has mostly served as a visible symbol of Harry's near-fatal encounter with Voldemort, while also acting as a warning beacon, alerting Harry to Voldemort's presence by causing pain. Now it seems to provide a mental connection between Harry and Voldemort, allowing Harry glimpses into Voldemort's thoughts. Voldemort is as yet apparently unaware that this connection exists, but it may well prove to be both dangerous and useful to Harry under certain conditions. And while Harry remembers few details about his dream, which was not a dream at all, we at least have learned that Wormtail (Pettigrew) seemed unwilling to involve Harry in whatever scheme Voldemort is planning. This may be tied to the life debt that Wormtail now owes Harry. Voldemort is probably still unaware that his servant has such an extreme obligation to his greatest enemy, and will likely be extremely displeased when he learns of it.

It is important to the story line, actually, that Harry perceive Voldemort's mind only when he is asleep. Voldemort reveals things to us that Harry is likely to want to pursue if he recalls them. In particular, the name Bertha Jorkins is mentioned in the "dream," and will be mentioned again repeatedly in the next months. If Harry was able to recall that name from the dream sequence just past, likely he would mention the occurrence to someone, most likely Arthur Weasley or Professor Dumbledore, and our story probably would have developed differently.

No real reason is ever given as to why Harry can sense Voldemort's thoughts, but Voldemort cannot sense Harry's, at least not until a year later. We can, of course, speculate: Harry is able to perceive Voldemort's thoughts only when Voldemort is feeling very strong emotions. During this sequence, for instance, Voldemort is first planning the demise of his most hated enemy, and is likely inflamed with rage against Harry for daring to exist; and then, he is murdering Frank Bryce, a spell which requires deep hatred of the target. In this book, and the subsequent one, Harry only senses Voldemort's thoughts when he is asleep or nearly so. One can assume that the reverse transmission of thoughts can only happen when Harry is feeling strong emotions, and when Voldemort is in a similarly relaxed state. It is likely simply an accident of timing, that Voldemort is never in a receptive frame of mind when Harry is experiencing his strongest emotions.

There is a small inconsistency regarding when Harry actually learns Sirius is his godfather. It says here that: "he had only found out that Sirius was his godfather two months ago." In fact, it was around the previous Christmas when he overheard a conversation in the Three Broomsticks that Sirius was James Potter's best friend and Harry's godfather. However, at that time, he still believed Sirius was a mass murderer and responsible for his parents' deaths, so he could have disavowed the connection. It may have only been after the revelations in the Shrieking Shack, which happened just two months before, that Harry finally accepted that Sirius was truly his godfather.

Chapter 3: The Invitation

[edit] Synopsis

Harry enters the kitchen. Dudley is being given a grapefruit quarter by Aunt Petunia, who has put Dudley on a diet after his school wrote a letter saying they did not have any knickerbockers large enough to fit him. The entire family is put on a diet to make it easier for Dudley. A hungry Harry had requested help by owl post and has received snacks from Hagrid, Hermione, and Ron that he stashed under the floorboard upstairs. They and Sirius Black had also each sent him cakes for his birthday, now two weeks past, and he still has two left.

A letter arrives from Molly Weasley, which was surprisingly sent through Muggle mail rather than by owl post. To Uncle Vernon's dismay, the envelope is nearly completely covered in stamps, and the postman has rung because this is unusual. Mrs. Weasley invites Harry to attend the The Quidditch World Cup with the Weasley family and suggests he stay with them until school starts. This creates a quandary for Uncle Vernon: if he lets Harry go, it will be something fun for him, which he always tries to prevent; however, it also means Harry would be gone a good two weeks earlier than Vernon and Petunia could have hoped for.

After a long discussion, Uncle Vernon is about to forbid Harry to go the Weasleys when Harry deliberately mentions that he has to finish his letter to Sirius Black. He says his godfather has not heard from him in a while and might be getting worried. Suddenly afraid, Uncle Vernon allows Harry to go. When Harry returns to his room, he finds owls waiting. Ron sent a letter via his tiny owl, saying that they will come and get him whether the Dursleys like it or not. Harry replies that he has permission. Hedwig, his own owl, has returned from hunting, so Harry finishes his message to Sirius, explaining where he is going, and gives it to Hedwig.

[edit] Analysis

While this chapter advances the story somewhat, it is the characters of cousin Dudley and Uncle Vernon that are highlighted here. In addition to his increasingly abusive and bullying personality, Dudley, who rarely exhibits restraint in anything, has grown so fat that he is unable to fit into his school clothing. Mortified, Petunia not only puts Dudley on a diet, but the entire family as well, feeling that Dudley should not have to suffer alone. Additionally, there are some visible changes in Uncle Vernon's behavior; as Harry grows older, Vernon begins showing fear, if not necessarily respect, towards Harry. His underlying motivation continues is to make Harry's life as miserable as possible, but now he does so with more passive - aggressive behavior. Aware that his status in the household has increased, Harry is not averse to using his new-found power judiciously to get what he wants, although he is never malicious.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Aunt Petunia insist on putting the entire family on a diet when it is Dudley who is overweight?
2. Why is Uncle Vernon conflicted over giving Harry permission to visit the Weasleys?
3. Why does Harry mention that he is writing to his godfather? What is Uncle Vernon's reaction?

[edit] Further Study

1. How and why has the relationship between Harry and Uncle Vernon changed?
2. Why did Molly Weasley send the Dursleys a letter using Muggle mail service rather than Owl Post? Does it make a difference?

[edit] Greater Picture

There is surprisingly little in this chapter that has any bearing on what will happen in the future of this book or of the series. It is true that Harry's letter, when it reaches Sirius, will cause Sirius to try to return to England to confer directly with Harry; and similarly, and as we now expect, Harry will attend the Quidditch World Cup. Apart from that, the only change that might be signaled by events in this chapter is in Dudley: over the next year, his diet will prove effective in causing him to lose weight, but instead he will take up wrestling and become an urban tough.

Chapter 4: Back to The Burrow

[edit] Synopsis

Harry finishes packing his belongings by noon the next day and eagerly awaits the Weasleys's arrival. Uncle Vernon is, of course, worried about the neighbors noticing anything strange happening and starts asking how the Weasleys will be dressed—will it be those odd Wizard's robes or "normal" peoples' clothes? Uncle Vernon also wonders by what means they will be traveling there.

The hour comes and passes. The Weasleys finally arrive. They travelled by the Floo Network, which they arranged to be connected to the Dursleys' fireplace. However, their hearth has been blocked up, and Mr. Weasley has to blast his way through. After this rocky start, Mr. Weasley has no luck in engaging the Dursleys in a conversation, while Fred and George fetch Harry's trunk. Harry and the other Weasleys depart for the Burrow, one by one entering the chimney, and using the Floo powder, exclaim, "The Burrow!" Fred, however, drops a bag of toffees. He collects all but one before he, George, and Ron exit. Harry and Mr. Weasley are still there when cousin Dudley finds and eats the toffee. It promptly expands his tongue to a length of several feet. Uncle Vernon starts attacking Mr. Weasley, who he blames for this outrage. Harry exits for the Burrow as Uncle Vernon starts throwing china figurines at Mr. Weasley.

[edit] Analysis

Although the Dursleys meeting with the Weasley clan is humorously depicted, Vernon and Petunia's steadfast refusal to acknowledge Arthur and the others' presence symbolizes the deep division that exists between the Wizarding and Muggle realms; it likely represents how most Muggles would react if they knew such a world existed. Vernon and Petunia are particularly resistant to any interaction with magic, and, fearing and loathing what they are unable to understand, they simply choose to ignore its existence as much as possible. Being forced to raise a young wizard in their home only exacerbates their intolerance to anything or anyone different from themselves, which is why Harry is forbidden to acknowledge his own magical abilities while under their roof. The Twins, employing their usual mischief, only make matters worse, although they are generally unconcerned whether it is Wizard or Muggle who falls prey to their unique pranks. For Harry, any opportunity to escape from this restrictive and unhappy household is a welcome respite, and he is grateful to the Weasleys for arranging his early departure, regardless of how much it angers or offends his aunt and uncle.

This is the second time that Floo powder has been used since Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (where it was introduced). Professor Snape may have used Floo powder or something similar to summon Professor Lupin to his study in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why do the Dursleys refuse to talk with Arthur Weasley, despite his friendly attempts to make conversation?
2. Why is Uncle Vernon so concerned about how the Weasleys will be dressed and how they will arrive?

[edit] Further Study

1. There is definitely magic happening here—the Floo powder, the wall being blown apart, figurines being destroyed, and Ton-Tongue Toffees, at the very least. The Ministry chastised Harry two years ago because of a simple Hover Charm performed by Dobby the House-elf. Why are there no such missives this time?

[edit] Greater Picture

This is the first time Fred and George Weasley have been seen deliberately tormenting other people; granted, Dudley may have deserved it and the damage inflicted was only temporary. While their pranks will largely remain harmless, there will be occasional episodes of what might well be described as viciousness in this book, and in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, though in every case seemingly directed at a deserving victim.

Eventually, the Twins' magical abilities are such that the joke products they invent will evolve into defensive weapons that are used by the Ministry in the fight against Voldemort and his Death Eaters.

Although Uncle Vernon despises anything different from what he knows or is unable to understand, we have already seen, in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, that Aunt Petunia's hatred of the Magical world seems to be rooted in jealousy of her sister Lily, Harry's mother. It is only in the final book in the series that we learn the deepest roots of that jealousy.

We learn, in this chapter, a few more details about the Floo Network. It is in this chapter that we learn that not all fireplaces are automatically on the Network, that there is a department of the Ministry of Magic that is in control of that. In the next book, we will learn that the Ministry has the ability to monitor, as well as control, the use of fireplaces on the Network. This will play a role in the fifth book, as Harry must find an unmonitored fireplace for his communication, and in the seventh, as Harry is unable to leave Privet Drive via the Floo Network because of that monitoring.

Chapter 5: Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes

[edit] Synopsis

Harry arrives at the Weasleys' home and is introduced to Bill and Charlie, the two oldest Weasley brothers. Charlie works with dragons in Romania, while Bill, a one-time Head Boy at Hogwarts who now works for Gringotts Wizarding Bank in Egypt, is a surprise: he sports a pony tail, an earring (with what looks like a fang), and dragon-hide boots.

Fred and George are having a row with their father over them dropping a Ton-Tongue Toffee, apparently deliberately, and causing Harry's cousin Dudley's tongue to grow several feet long. Mrs. Weasley enters the argument, demanding to know if it had anything to do with their Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes. Hermione and Ginny enter the room behind Mrs. Weasley; Hermione, to avoid the family argument, suggests they show Harry where he is sleeping.

On the way to Ron's bedroom, Ron and Hermione explain to Harry about "Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes", which are magical tricks and jokes the Twins have invented. What they just escaped was an ongoing battle: Mrs. Weasley wants the Twins to work for the Ministry of Magic, but they want to open their own joke shop.

Ron's room is much the same as it was two years ago, except for his new owl, given to him by Sirius Black, which is bouncing excitedly in its cage. Ginny named it Pigwidgeon, which Ron often shortens to "Pig."

When the fight between Mrs. Weasley and the Twins has apparently ended, Harry, Ron, Hermione, and Ginny return to the kitchen, where they catch a small rant about Fred and George from Mrs. Weasley while she prepares dinner. Outside, Charlie and Bill are jousting with the picnic tables and Crookshanks is chasing Gnomes. As evening falls, the Weasleys, Harry, and Hermione enjoy a lovely dinner in the garden, with some home-made strawberry ice cream for dessert. Conversation at the table ranges widely, covering the upcoming Quidditch World Cup, Bill's personal appearance, Sirius Black's whereabouts, a missing Ministry witch named Bertha Jorkins, and a top secret event that Percy mentions in hopes that someone will ask him about it.

[edit] Analysis

The story is only advanced slightly in this chapter. Much time is devoted to reintroducing the Burrow's atmosphere, the Weasley family home, and contrasting its somewhat grubby friendliness with the Dursley household's overly antiseptic aloofness. This is also the first time the entire Weasley clan has been seen together, and the differences between the seven siblings is evident. The more Bohemian and unconventional Bill and Charlie, as well as the rowdy Twins, are a stark contrast to the sedate Percy, whose starchy and bossy personality irritates his siblings. Ron is neither rowdy nor sedate and usually feels overwhelmed and intimidated by his talented older brothers. Ginny, being the youngest and the only girl, is able to develop her own magical abilities and strong-willed persona apart from her doting and protective family, although she may feel a bit isolated being the only female child. Bill and Charlie, both powerful wizards, display an irreverent sense of humor similar to the Twins when they are seen dueling each other with the picnic tables.

Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes is introduced. The Twins are planning to open their own joke shop after leaving Hogwarts, although Mrs. Weasley, who constantly chastises them for wasting time with their incessant pranks, strongly disapproves. Failing to recognize their unique talents and entrepreneurial abilities, she instead wants them to pursue more conventional and secure occupations. For American and international readers, it should be noted that a "wheeze" in England can be a joke; the idea is that you laugh so hard it leaves you wheezing.

There is independent confirmation regarding some events in Harry's "dream" from Chapter 1 as well. Specifically, that Bertha Jorkins, a witch who works for the Ministry of Magic, has been missing for some time while in Albania. Bertha appeared in Harry's dream, even if Harry is unable to remember it. This is an indication that Voldemort is alive as a separate entity, and that Wormtail has returned to his service.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. What can be learned about Charlie and Bill's personalities based on their appearances and behavior seen here? How do they differ from Percy?
2. How does Ron's character contrast to his older brothers? What accounts for this?
3. Why does Ron feel overwhelmed by his brothers, while Ginny apparently does not?

[edit] Further Study

1. It is only two days since Harry's "dream", and Bertha Jorkins' name, mentioned in that dream, has just come up in a conversation that she was in Albania and is now missing. Thinking back to the end of Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Professor Dumbledore says that his information is that Voldemort is hiding in Albania. Why might Harry not have recalled his "dream", with so much prompting?
2. Why is Mrs. Weasley so strongly opposed to the Twins opening their own joke shop? Would working for the Ministry of Magic, as she wants them to, be a good career option for them? Explain.

[edit] Greater Picture

It is perhaps intriguing to note how much of the dinner table conversation is actually foreshadowing events in this book, and to a certain extent later books.

We will see that Mrs. Weasley's battle with Bill over the length of his hair is an ongoing one. Mrs. Weasley does not manage to win this battle until Bill's wedding; Harry suspects, though, that as soon as he is safely out of range, Bill's hair will be long again.

We can see that Percy is "hiding" a secret of some sort. The author has managed to show that Percy is hoping someone will ask him what he's talking about, so that he can boost his own status by refusing to tell. We will later find out that several others there at the table already know the secret; specifically, Mrs. Weasley, Charlie, and Bill all do, and we can safely assume that the information came from Mr. Weasley. It is interesting to contrast Percy's handling of this secret, with the way the rest of the family does. We will shortly discover that the secret in question is the re-starting of the Triwizard Tournament, a competition that will quite unexpectedly snare Harry and form the axis on which the entire book turns.

The discussion of Bertha Jorkins, as mentioned, somewhat confirms the belief that Harry's dream actually reflected real events. We will later find that Bertha had been brought to Albania by Pettigrew, and there she had been killed by Voldemort. Before she died, though, she revealed the existence of the Tournament to Voldemort, and had at the same time revealed that Barty Crouch Jr., one of the more faithful Death Eaters, was not only free, but was in hiding, believed dead, and so was available to carry out the plan Voldemort had devised to capture Harry.

Sirius is quite some distance away; as mentioned, his last few messages have been brought by tropical birds. Harry has sent him a message about his scar hurting, and as soon as he receives it, Sirius will return to England, much against Harry's wishes. Sirius' actual location, though, remains unknown.

The twins' joke shop will be in full operation by Harry's sixth year. It has been mentioned that each of them get only a handful of OWLs, but over the course of this book and the next, we will see that the Twins are extremely deft practical wizards, creating and selling magical materials of amazing quality. In fact, some of their magical wares are so good that the Ministry buys them for protection of their less-able wizards. Harry, Ron, and Hermione will also make significant use of their wares over the rest of the series.

Chapter 6: The Portkey

[edit] Synopsis

It is far too early the next morning when Harry is awakened by Mrs. Weasley. He, Ron, Ginny, Hermione, and the twins are travelling with Mr. Weasley, while Percy, Bill, and Charlie will go on their own. Fred and George want to know why they cannot Apparate like the older boys, but Mr. Weasley says they do not have their licenses yet, and without training, they would probably get splinched—leaving parts of themselves behind. Ginny and Hermione complain about getting up so early, but Mr. Weasley explains that they have a bit of a walk ahead. Harry asks if they are walking to the Quidditch World Cup. Mr. Weasley starts to explain, but is interrupted by Mrs. Weasley, who discovers Ton-Tongue Toffees hidden in George's pockets, which she angrily confiscates using the "Accio" charm.

Mrs. Weasley, who is staying behind, remains in a bad humour as they leave. As the group walks in the chilly morning, Mr. Weasley explains that there was a huge logistical problem in locating a place where the approximately one hundred thousand wizards could gather. The Ministry of Magic had to create a stadium in the backwoods and charm it to look unappealing to Muggles. There was also the problem of transporting people, and arrivals have to be carefully timed and planned so they will attract little attention. Additionally, two hundred Portkeys have been located around Britain. They are going to Stoatshead Hill to use the Portkey that has been placed there.

When they arrive at Stoatshead Hill, they meet Cedric Diggory, and his father, Amos. Mr. Diggory makes a big fuss over his son being the Seeker in the only Quidditch match in which Harry's team was beaten the previous year, although Cedric is more modest. Mr. Weasley asks if there are any others coming. Mr. Diggory says the Lovegoods have already left, and the Fawcetts were unable to get tickets, and that is everyone in the vicinity. Mr. Weasley checks his watch and has everyone hold onto an old boot that Mr. Diggory has found. As the countdown reaches zero, Harry feels himself being yanked rapidly through the air and lands hard on the ground. A voice says "Seven past five from Stoatshead Hill."

[edit] Analysis

While the Quidditch World Cup may seem more like an interesting and fun diversion to open the story, its importance in introducing a critical theme, mutual cooperation, cannot be overemphasized. The World Cup is far more than a mere sporting event; it is a means to unite wizards from many countries. Organizing such a huge international event is a massive venture, requiring extensive planning, collaboration, and coordination among the world's magical populations. It is probably the most difficult wizard undertaking to be kept hidden from Muggles, although, as will be seen, there are occasional security leaks. And while there are the usual rivalries among the teams and fans, it is the commonly shared passion for the sport that bonds the magical community together in a peaceful setting that helps build lasting global recognition, understanding, and harmony. Although Harry relishes this experience, he still fails to realize that if Voldemort is to be defeated, it must be accomplished through a similarly united effort, and not by one person alone.

It is Rowling's attention to detail that helps make the Harry Potter series such an intriguing adventure. One hundred thousand wizards are expected to attend the World Cup. Exactly how do so many people travel to such an event without alarming Muggles or revealing the Wizarding world's existence? Harry's introduction to the Portkey demonstrates one way wizards are transported, although, as readers have seen, there are other methods, although each has limitations. The author's explanation as to how this particular logistical puzzle is managed, while not critical to the storyline here, shows an awareness of her characters' needs and makes the story more complex, textured, and believable. Readers, however, should make a mental note regarding how Portkeys work.

The Lovegood family is mentioned for the first time, although none are actually seen. The author often introduces characters, objects, or places by name prior to their actual appearance, often several books before. Sirius Black was first mentioned in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone but did not appear until Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban where he played a crucial role. Rowling may want readers to have a early indication that some seemingly insignificant characters may become important later in the storyline.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why is Mrs. Weasley angry at finding a toffee in George's pocket?
2. How does the Ministry keep the arrival of over one hundred thousand wizards secret from Muggles?
3. Why does Mr. Diggory make such a big fuss about Cedric?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why would Mrs. Weasley stay behind?
2. Considering the logistical difficulties, why does the Wizarding community choose to undertake such a huge international event?

[edit] Greater Picture

We are given a better introduction to Cedric Diggory, who will have a significant role in this book. Cedric strongly believes in playing fair, to the extent that he offered to replay the Quidditch match against Gryffindor (in the previous book); he felt Hufflepuff's win was invalid because the Dementors interfered. His strong ethical sense will play a strong role in the upcoming Triwizard competition. We can already see differences between Cedric and his father, Amos, and it may be interesting to compare their personalities throughout the book. It is possible that Cedric and Amos are intended as a contrast to Harry's feelings about his own father, James. Cedric and Amos are quite different people; though both are competitive, Cedric steadfastly believes that honesty and fair competition is paramount, while Amos shades more towards the Slytherin view that advantages should be taken. Although Harry should be able to see from this that fathers and sons can be quite different from one another, he is apparently unable to apply this lesson to himself.

We are also shown the Accio spell, which is used for summoning items. Harry will use Accio in the Triwizard Tournament, and it will be used repeatedly throughout the rest of the series.

The Portkey, which wizards use to travel from one location to another, becomes a device that will unexpectedly transport Harry and Cedric Diggory into a deadly situation. Creating Portkeys is apparently regulated by the Ministry. Perhaps this is why Portkeys are only used seven times in the entire series: four times in this book (to the World Cup and back, and to the cemetery and back), twice in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (from Dumbledore's office to Headquarters, and from the Ministry to Dumbledore's office), and once in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (from the Tonks' house to The Burrow). The Floo Network and Disapparating seem to be more common transportation methods, though, as Mr. Weasley points out, many wizards avoid Disapparating because Splinching is an inherent risk.

Luna Lovegood, the Trio's rather odd schoolmate and future fellow Dumbledore's Army member, will be introduced in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. The family also includes Luna's widowed father, Xenophillius, who appears in the last book. The Lovegoods will be invited to Bill Weasley and Fleur Delacour's wedding, which will play a significant part in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. Both characters play important roles in that book.

Chapter 7: Bagman and Crouch

[edit] Synopsis

Harry, Ron, Ginny, Hermione, the twins, Mr. Weasley, Cedric Diggory, and Amos Diggory arrive in what looks like a deserted misty moor. Two tired and grumpy looking wizards are there. Mr. Weasley greets one as "Basil", and hands him the Portkey, which is tossed into a large box with other Portkeys. Basil tells them where their campsite is; the Diggorys are at a different camp site. The campsite owner, a Muggle named Roberts, mentions that the people renting the spaces seem odd. As he expounds on this, a harassed-looking wizard pops in and modifies his memory. Roberts dreamily gives Mr. Weasley his change and a map of the campsite. The wizard comments that Mr. Roberts needs to be charmed ten times a day, and that Ludo Bagman is not helping by bouncing around and talking about Bludgers and Quaffles.

The Weasleys, Harry, and Hermione head for their campsite. On the way, Ginny comments that if Bagman is head of Magical Games and Sports, he should certainly know better than to talk about magical things near Muggles. Mr. Weasley agrees, Bagman has always been rather lax about security. It seems to be a common failing, though, as on their way through the campground, they pass numerous tents far more spectacular than anything sold in Muggle stores. Mr. Weasley remarks that when large group of wizards are together, they cannot resist showing off a little. They find their campsite, and Mr. Weasley asks Harry's advice on how to proceed. Harry, of course, has never been camping, but manages to figure things out, eventually setting up a pair of shabby two-man tents. Harry wonders how they will all fit, but when he enters one, the tent opens into a large, three-room apartment complete with a kitchen, and furnished like Mrs. Figg's house, right down to the cat smell.

Mr. Weasley sends Ron, Harry, and Hermione for water. On the way they meet some fellow students. Oliver Wood drags them off to meet his parents and tells them he has just been signed to the Puddlemere United Quidditch team. They also see Ernie Macmillan and Cho Chang. Harry notices some strange teenagers and asks where they are from. Ron says they must be from some other Wizarding school. There are several in Europe, and Charlie has been corresponding with someone in Brazil. Back at the campsite, Mr. Weasley finally manages to light the fire. They have just started cooking breakfast when Percy, Charlie, and Bill walk in from the woods where they just Apparated.

Arthur Weasley greets Ministry people as they walk by. Ludo Bagman, a blond, fat wizard wearing brightly colored (and over-tight) Quidditch robes, appears, and Arthur flags him down. Bagman is overjoyed at the game's prospects, and offers a little wager on the outcome. Arthur puts a Galleon on Ireland. Fred and George bet all their savings (thirty-seven Galleons, fifteen Sickles, and three Knuts) on Ireland to win, but Viktor Krum (the Seeker for Bulgaria) will get the Snitch. Over Arthur's protests, Bagman accepts the bet. Mr. Weasley asks Ludo whether there has been any word of Bertha Jorkins yet. Ludo says no, but expects she will appear in October. Mr. Crouch shows up, looking for Ludo. He accepts a cup of tea from Percy but cannot remember his name. Shortly, Crouch and Bagman depart to respond to a crisis. Before they leave, Bagman mentions that something will be happening at Hogwarts. Fred asks what, but Mr. Weasley and Percy only say that they will find out when the time is right.

The evening brings the souvenir sellers, and Harry, Ron, and Hermione go out to buy stuff. Harry purchases Omnioculars for himself, Ron, and Hermione, at ten Galleons each. Ron, upset because Harry has money and he is always poor, protests, but when Harry says it will be his Christmas present for the next ten years, Ron accepts. Finally, as dusk falls, a deep, booming gong sounds in the nearby wood; it is time to enter the stadium.

[edit] Analysis

To date, Harry's interaction with the Wizarding community has been rather limited, mostly confined to Hogwarts, Hogsmeade, and short trips to Diagon Alley. Now Harry meets foreign wizards in an international setting for the first time, although it seems he has given little consideration to magical realms outside Britain. Indeed, Harry seems surprised to encounter teen-aged wizards unknown to him, or that other wizarding schools even exist. Although the Quidditch World Cup is a global competition among rival teams, it is meant to serve another function: to help build solidarity and cooperation among the world's wizards. This same opportunity will soon be brought to Hogwarts on a smaller scale, although Harry and most other students are as yet unaware.

This chapter highlights the rather flamboyant Ludo Bagman and the bureaucratic Barty Crouch, Sr. Their personalities, personal interactions, and mannerisms could not be more different, although both work for the Ministry of Magic and are heavily involved in running the Quidditch World Cup. Bagman is not averse to what the English call "having a little flutter", and he is apparently engaging in a sideline (and probably illegal) gambling racket. Readers may know that a "bagman" is a dishonest official, someone who collects racketeering money. It is also a traveling salesman who makes calls to his customers. The name certainly fits. From his reaction when the Twins place their bet, it can be seen that Ludo is perhaps not making as good odds as he expected and may even have doubts regarding his own abilities. It is possible that this will get him into trouble shortly. And where Bagman is open and friendly, although it is mostly a façade for his clients' benefit, Crouch remains tense, aloof, and guarded, always interacting with others in a professional but brusque manner. Crouch is so lacking in interpersonal skills that he continually fails to recognize his own employee, Percy Weasley. Crouch appears to be concealing much about his personal self, while Bagman seems to hide little, although perhaps he should. Even Ginny Weasley notices that Bagman freely dispenses too much information to too many people.

In the interaction between Arthur Weasley and the campground owner, we see plainly that despite the adjuration from the Ministry for Wizards to act like Muggles, much magic is leaking through the seams. The Ministry's need to frequently modify the poor man's memory, even in the match's early stages, might lead one to wonder as to just how he will remember this episode. Also, Mr. Weasley's difficulty using Muggle camping gear is played largely for entertainment value; however, it also contrasts the differences between Ron's purely magical family and Harry's entirely Muggle home. Interestingly, when Mr. Weasley has a question about how to do Muggle things, he asks Harry, rather than Hermione. Perhaps he does not realize that Harry's home life could possibly be as constricted as the Dursleys have made it. On the other hand, there is a common Muggle bias that girls are less interested or capable in recreational activities like camping. If this same belief is present in the Wizarding world, this may explain why Mr. Weasley assumes Harry to be the outdoors expert, rather than Hermione, who may have camping experience.

Meanwhile, Ron's reaction to Harry buying the Omnioculars seems minor, but it is actually revealing. Even though Harry is his closest friend, Ron struggles with occasional jealousy and resentment towards him. The constant attention and celebrity surrounding Harry often pushes Ron into the shadows, although Harry has never relished or sought the spotlight, and his fame has also caused Harry anguish. The Weasleys' financial difficulties also take a toll on Ron's psyche, causing him to feel menial and an object of scorn among some wizarding families, particularly the Malfoys. He resents his brothers' hand-me-downs, having to buy everything second-hand, or going without altogether—Harry's wealth only reinforces his sense of deprivation and social inferiority.

Bertha Jorkins' continued absence reinforces the suggestion that Harry's "dream" in Chapter 1 was actually a true vision. It also establishes her association with the Department of Magical Games and Sports and that this might be a way that Voldemort could be aware of upcoming events throughout the book.

As an interesting side note, among the magical citizens attending the World Cup are American wizards from Salem, Massachusetts, the site of the infamous 1692 witch trials in which nineteen men and women were condemned and hanged for witchcraft.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why might the tent smell like Mrs. Figg's house?
2. Why does Mr. Weasley ask Harry for advice about Muggle camping, but not Hermione?
3. Why can't Mr. Crouch ever remember Percy's name?
4. Why does Mr. Weasley permit the Twins to bet all their savings on the World Cup, even though he disapproves of what they're doing?
5. Why does Ron object to Harry buying him the Omnioculars as a gift?

[edit] Further Study

1. Harry heard Bertha Jorkins' name before—she was mentioned by Voldemort in what Harry thought was a dream as someone who had been killed, and again in a conversation at the Weasley's house as being missing. Ludo Bagman also mentions that Bertha Jorkins is still missing. Why didn't Harry draw an obvious connection?
2. Ludo Bagman mentions something that might be happening at Hogwarts. What might that be?
3. Why does Ludo Bagman openly talk about Wizarding matters when Muggles can overhear, especially when he knows he should not? What results from his carelessness?
4. Why is Harry so surprised to learn that there are students from other Wizarding schools?
5. Compare and contrast Mr. Crouch and Ludo Bagman's personalities and how they each handle their World Cup duties.

[edit] Greater Picture

Though Mrs. Figg will play a significant, and unexpected, role later in the series, Harry noticing that the tent's interior looks and smells much like her house may or may not be incidental. There is a certain odour that seems common to older peoples' homes, particularly those owning cats, and, despite the similarity, it is unlikely that the author is trying to tell us that Mrs. Figg was the tent's former owner. We are told that it previously belonged to a Ministry wizard who gave up camping due to his lumbago. Among other things, it is also doubtful that a wizard would marry a Squib, although they are known to wed Muggles. Dumbledore once mentioned that wizards probably would have died out if they had not inter-married with non-magical humans. On the other hand, though Mrs. Figg is a Squib, she was raised among wizards and knows their ways; she likely uses goods, merchandise, and decorations in her home that are similar to those in wizarding households. Harry had previously noticed the peculiar smell in Mrs. Figg's residence, and the familiar odour in the tent may be a subtle clue to readers that Mrs. Figg is tied to the magical community. Readers should take note, although Harry will not, when Dumbledore later mentions someone named Arabella Figg.

Mr. Crouch's continual failure to recognize Percy Weasley, his own employee, may have some magical reason. However, the author never fully answers this. We will find out later that Mr. Crouch is labouring under the effects of a spell that could cause this effect. However, this chapter of the book precedes that spell being invoked. Given that, it is more likely that it is simple absent-mindedness coupled with a total lack of regard for subordinates; Crouch simply fails to notice his underlings, in this case "Weatherby".

Ludo's "little flutter" will, indeed, turn out to be ill-advised. Ludo will end up owing more than he has, and will later try to recoup his losses by making more bets with the Goblins who are his major creditors. That bet will be on Harry to win the Triwizard Tournament, and throughout the book Ludo, a Tournament judge, will unethically be trying to better his chances of winning by secretly offering Harry hints. Harry, believing that accepting assistance from a Tournament judge is cheating, steadfastly refuses Ludo's proffered advice, though he does accept help from others.

Mr. Weasley's asking Harry, rather than Hermione, for help with the camping gear will be even less well-advised than we had previously expected. In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Hermione mentions that the places she takes the Trio to are actually camping sites she has visited with her family; of course, Harry has never been camping, as the Dursleys would dislike the untidiness of an unmanicured outdoors, nor would Harry likely have been fully included even if they did engage in such activities.

Chapter 8: The Quidditch World Cup

[edit] Synopsis

Harry, Ron, Ginny, Hermione, the Twins, Percy, Charlie, Bill, and Mr. Weasley make their way through the woods. After a twenty-minute walk, they reach the stadium. It is large enough to hold one hundred thousand spectators. Taking a full year to construct, every inch is charmed to be Muggle-repelling. Their tickets are for the Top Box, as high as they can go. They are the first there, except for a single house-elf. Harry thinks it is Dobby, but the elf identifies itself as Winky, belonging to the Crouch family. Winky knows Dobby, and says he is having a hard time because he wants to be paid for his work. "House-elves are not for paying, sir." Winky says she is holding a seat for Mr. Crouch, although she is afraid of heights.

People are filing into the Top Box: the Bulgarian dignitaries, the Minister for Magic, and finally Lucius Malfoy, with his wife Narcissa and son Draco. Mr. Malfoy has just made a large donation to St. Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries and is there as Cornelius Fudge's guest.

The team mascots perform before the game starts. First up are the Bulgarians. Beautiful Veela, infinitely alluring women, dance on the pitch. Every male is seized by a temptation to do something to show off. Harry decides that a swan dive from the Top Box to the field would be a reasonable way to ensure them noticing him. Luckily, Hermione and Mr. Weasley (who has seen them before), manage to restrain him and Ron, who apparently has the same urge. Next, the Irish mascots perform. Leprechauns fly in showering the stands with gold coins and forming green Irish symbols in the sky. Ron gathers up a fistful of fallen Galleons and gives them to Harry to pay for the Omnioculars.

With the mascots arrayed on the sidelines, the Bulgarian team enters to applause and dancing. Viktor Krum, the Bulgarian Seeker and one of Ron's heroes, receives special note. The Irish team enters, and the game is on. The action is so fast that Ludo Bagman, who is announcing, can barely name the player holding the Quaffle before it is passed or stolen. Even Harry, with his Omnioculars set on Slow, is having trouble following the action. It is a very instructional game for Harry, watching every move the Seekers make and watching the Chasers as they work like three parts of a single machine. In the end, an injured Krum beats the Irish Seeker to grab the Snitch, making the final score Ireland 170, Bulgaria 160. After the presentation of the Cup and the victory laps (spectators give Krum the loudest applause of all), the Twins brace Ludo Bagman for their winnings.

[edit] Analysis

Harry and Ron's budding sexuality is hinted at here when both become deeply affected by the beautiful and alluring Veela women. Their initial interest in the opposite sex continually develops throughout the series, as does that of their peers at school, with both humorous and poignant outcomes. Harry and Ron have not yet learned the difference between true love and mere infatuation, or how jealousy and sexual politics further complicates relationships. Also, although Harry, Ron, and virtually every other male in the stands are deeply affected by the seductive Veela, Harry is shocked when he later sees that their true physical form is actually unattractive, sporting angular bird-like facial features and scaly wings. Harry is gradually learning that outer beauty is not only superficial, but it can also mask an uglier reality.

Ron's insistence on paying Harry for the Omnioculars, even though Harry gave them as a gift, is a matter of deep pride to Ron, whose family can barely afford minimal necessities. Ron must often do without even the smallest luxuries or extras that most take for granted. Now he feels somewhat vindicated that, for once, he is able to pay his own way with the gold the Leprechauns tossed into the stands. But even though Ron is often resentful that he must often go without, it has actually shaped his character in a positive way. As Ron matures, he will never feel that life owes him anything; he will accept that if he wants anything, he must earn it himself. This is a stark contrast to many Slytherins who believe they are entitled to whatever they want based solely on what they consider is their superior lineage, social rank, and wealth, rather than through talent, ability, and hard work. Readers will recall that Draco Malfoy became the Slytherin Seeker (in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets) after his father, Lucius Malfoy, bought the team new broomsticks, and apparently not because Draco earned the position on his abilities.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Ron insist on paying Harry for the Omnioculars, even though Harry gave them as a gift?
2. How did Harry's freeing Dobby from the Malfoys' service (in Chamber of Secrets) change Dobby's life, and is he better or worse off than before?
3. Why are Harry, Ron, and many other males so affected by the Veela women?
4. What is Harry's reaction when he sees the Veelas' true appearance?

[edit] Further Study

1. How are Fred and George able to correctly (and so precisely) predict the World Cup's final outcome?
2. Being that Mr. Crouch is a Ministry official who is helping present the World Cup, why does his saved seat in the grandstand remain empty?

[edit] Greater Picture

The gold Ron gives Harry to pay for the Omnioculars is actually Leprechaun gold, which, unknown to either Ron and Harry, soon vanishes. In Chapter 28, Ron is upset when he learns it disappeared, and angry that Harry never even noticed that it was gone, showing, from Ron's perspective at least, how few concerns Harry has regarding money while Ron has many. The Weasley family's strained financial situation is an ongoing embarrassment to Ron, especially compared to Harry's wealth, although Harry spends relatively little on himself and collects few material possessions. Ron's comparisons are rather faulty, however. While Harry has money, which he cares little about, he lacks the loving, supportive family life Ron takes for granted, and which Harry would probably gladly give up his wealth in exchange for.

Quidditch champion Viktor Krum, is introduced here, and although Krum is Ron's "hero", Ron will soon feel quite differently about him in upcoming chapters.

Winky will have a large role to play in the next few chapters. Mr. Crouch has been hiding a secret, with Winky's active help, for many years at this point, and that secret has nearly escaped. That near-escape will be why Winky is dismissed from service. Winky's dismissal will actually prove instrumental in that secret's final and complete escape. Much of the book's remainder involves that escape's aftermath.

The episodes with the Veela in this and the following chapters highlight Harry and Ron's budding sexuality, as noted above. Ron will, in the next chapter, be more susceptible to the Veela's charms than Harry; this will also result in his being infatuated with Fleur Delacour, a character who is later revealed to be one-quarter Veela.

The series' strong writing is reflected in the realistic romantic entanglements our heroes experience. Ron, clearly less emotionally mature than either Harry or Hermione, has difficulty distinguishing love from infatuation, even after the effects of Fleur's close proximity are shaken off. Harry shows equal immaturity after a crush that ignites in this book blossoms into romance in the next; he becomes infatuated with Cho Chang, a relationship that will ultimately be doomed by Harry's youthful inexperience and his inability to comprehend Cho's fragile emotional state. Every reader has either undergone similar toils, or knows someone who has. In a book that emphasizes adventure and conflict, it is easy to expect that romance and the characters' similar maturation will be secondary to the plot and are only hinted at rather than written about. To the author's great credit, she realizes just how central romance is to a young man's life, whether Wizard or Muggle. By showing Harry's romantic life, along with Ron's and Hermione's, the author brings the characters properly alive, causing us to care even more about them.

Ludo Bagman's wagers have gone disastrously wrong, although like any good bookmaker he puts on a good face to keep his clients happy. He comments that the game's outcome was totally unexpected and one that will be talked about for years (although that outcome seems to have been less surprising to the Twins). Finding himself deeply in the red, Ludo uses extreme measures to pay off bettors. It is revealed in Chapter 37 that he pays off the Twins with Leprechaun gold, which, as noted above, soon vanishes. He also owes a large sum to high-ranking Goblins. In Chapter 9, as Harry wanders through the forest, he passes Goblins who are counting their gold and chuckling; this is presumably winnings from Bagman. It turns out, however, that at least part of what Bagman owed to the Goblins was also paid off in Leprechaun gold. Throughout the book, Bagman can often be seen negotiating with Goblins about this debt and also avoiding Fred and George, who are attempting to recoup their winnings.

Chapter 9: The Dark Mark

[edit] Synopsis

Money in hand, the Twins return to the campsite with Harry, Ron, Ginny, Hermione, Percy, Charlie, Bill, and Mr. Weasley (who, upon reflection, prefers not knowing why the Twins want the money). Everyone discusses Quidditch until Ginny falls asleep at the table. Mr. Weasley sends them to bed, and they fall asleep to the ongoing magical celebration noise. Soon after, Harry is shaken awake by Mr. Weasley; Harry immediately realizes something is wrong, the banging noises are louder and the singing has been replaced by screams and running feet. Outside, hooded wizards are shouting, blasting random tents, and suspending four Muggles, including Mr. Roberts, the campground owner, high in the air. Mr. Weasley orders Fred, George, Harry, Ron, Hermione, and Ginny to hide in the woods; he, Bill, Charlie, and Percy help the Ministry wizards break up the mob.

In the woods, Draco Malfoy is casually learning against a tree, unperturbed by the ensuing chaos. He implies that the mob is Death Eaters hunting Muggles and that they would also attack a Mudblood. Ron takes umbrage, but Hermione pulls them away, heading further into the forest, although Ginny and the Twins become separated from them. They run into a clutch of teenagers in pyjamas, arguing in French; Hermione identifies them as students from Beauxbatons Academy, another Wizarding school. As they pass, Ron illuminates his wand; Harry reaches for his wand, only to discover it missing. As they search for it, Winky the House-elf darts across their path in an odd manner, looking as if something invisible is holding her back. Harry surmises it is because no one gave her permission to run away. Hermione becomes indignant over House-elves' status, complaining they are basically slaves. Ron claims they are happiest that way; they say so themselves.

Finding a quiet place, they settle down and wait. A worried-looking Ludo Bagman appears from behind a tree, seemingly unaware a riot is underway, but immediately Disapparates upon being told. Hermione suggests he is not quite on top of matters. When the campsite has quieted, the Trio thinks the riot may be over, but they hear someone in the bushes behind them. A deep voice calls out, "Morsmordre!". A large green skull with a snake protruding from the mouth appears in the sky as screams sound. Hermione recognizes it as Voldemort's Dark Mark, but before they can get away, about twenty Ministry wizards Apparate around them. Harry, Hermione, and Ron hit the ground as stun spells criss-cross over them. Mr. Weasley halts the spell casting, and Bartemius Crouch demands to know who conjured the Dark Mark. Hermione points to where the shout was heard. Amos Diggory says that the conjurer may not have Disapparated before he was Stunned. A few wizards investigate and return carrying an unconscious Winky, shocking Crouch, who leaves to investigate. Diggory notes that Winky had a wand. Ludo Bagman Apparates in, shocked to see the Dark Mark and a stunned Winky. Crouch returns empty-handed; wanting to interrogate Winky, Diggory revives her. Winky denies conjuring the mark, she does not know how. When Harry recognizes the wand as his own, Diggory accuses him of conjuring the Mark, but Mr. Weasley reminds him who he is speaking to. Diggory accuses Winky, but Hermione reports hearing a much deeper and definitely human voice. Ron and Harry concur. Using the Prior Incatato spell, it is determined that Harry's wand conjured the Dark Mark. Claiming Winky disobeyed him, Crouch tells her, "This means clothes!" (Giving clothes to House-elves releases them from servitude.) Nobody else believes this as a dismissal-level offence, but Crouch is adamant; Winky is being discharged.

Mr. Weasley and the Trio head back to their tent where Fred, George, and Ginny have safely returned. Asking about the "skull thing", Harry and Ron are told that Voldemort's mark was usually left floating over a house where Death Eaters had killed all within. Its reappearance after thirteen years is nearly as frightening as Voldemort himself. Bill suggests that the rioters were likely Death Eaters who evaded capture. Ron wonders why Death Eaters would Disapparate when the Mark appeared. Bill says it is because they avoided Azkaban by disavowing any connection to Voldemort. If he is around, they would be in the Dark Lord's bad graces for having denied him.

Mr. Weasley tells everyone to get some sleep before catching an early-morning Portkey back to the Burrow. But it is a long time before Harry can doze off. Three days ago his scar was acting up, and tonight, the Dark Mark. Is there a connection?

[edit] Analysis

While most wizards believe that Voldemort is long-dead, the havoc and mayhem caused by his surviving Death Eaters shows how deeply his evil remains embedded within the Wizarding world, and how quickly and easily it can incite terror and panic. And though it appears the hooded rampagers randomly attacked anyone in the campground, Draco's pointed comment indicates that they may have been targeting Muggle-borns like Hermione. As a reminder, Voldemort's earlier ascendancy to power was built upon "pure-blood" wizards' belief that they were somehow, by birth, superior to Muggles and Muggles' magical offspring. Draco Malfoy's smug amusement over Muggles and Muggle-borns being attacked suggests he has some insider knowledge about the riot and that his father, Lucius, is probably involved. The elitist Malfoys and their many contemporaries have a long connection to the Dark Arts and support a pure-blood ethos advocating bigotry and violence to suppress (and even eliminate) those considered inferior; Draco's dispassionate reaction not only reflect his personal feelings but also represents his social class' belief that Muggle-borns pose a threat by competing for important and influential positions within the magical community for which only they should be entitled to by birth.

Mr. Crouch's accusation that one of the Trio conjured the Dark Mark is not only a rush to judgment, but suspicious, and he immediately spotlights Harry as the prime suspect, despite flimsy circumstantial evidence. A "mob mentality" quickly overtakes the group, and when Harry's stolen wand is determined to have cast the Dark Mark, Amos Diggory immediately accuses Harry, then Winky, who is obviously innocent of conjuring it. Only Mr. Weasley's timely intervention restores reason among the nearly irrational Ministry officials. Crouch firing his House-elf, Winky for a seemingly minor offense, may indicate that he knows something about the attacks and is attempting to deflect suspicion. Ludo Bagman's behaviour is peculiar as well, and he clearly has been somewhere he should not, most likely tending to his gambling clients.

Winky's unjust firing so outrages Hermione that she resolves to champion House-elves rights, although few, including House-elves, will initially support her cause. Once the seed is sown, however, Hermione remains passionately committed to fighting oppression and bigotry, a recurring theme throughout the series. And while many creatures suffer from disdain to outright racial hatred and discrimination, House-elves are perhaps the most mistreated and maligned among all magical folk, being virtual slaves without rights, representation, or purpose other than serving the Wizard families they are indentured to. Ironically, House-elves are magically powerful creatures, as seen when Dobby protected Harry by threatening Lucius Malfoy in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets. Dobby's threat alone was enough for Malfoy to immediately reconsider his actions. It is therefore curious as to just how House-elves became enslaved by wizards, although suppressing an intelligent and potentially magically superior race may have partially been their motivation. While this is never explained, it is possible elves were subjected to centuries-long and magically-induced behavioral conditioning (brainwashing), resulting in them willingly accepting slavery and deriving their status and identity from the Wizard Houses they happily and loyally serve, even those who are mistreated. Hermione must overcome this huge obstacle if she is ever to realize her goal to liberate such a contented group.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. How are House-elves fired?
2. Why does Mr. Crouch fire his House-elf, Winky? Was this justified, or does Crouch have some other reason for dismissing Winky?
3. Who were the hooded figures, and why were they rioting?
4. What was left floating in the night sky? Who is responsible for it and what does it represent?
5. What do the Trio hear someone in the bushes shouting? What happens immediately after? Who recognizes it?
6. How is Mr. Weasley able to convince the others that Harry is innocent?

[edit] Further Study

1. If most wizards believe Lord Voldemort is long-dead, why does seeing his Dark Mark cause such terror?
2. Why is Draco Malfoy so calm and unconcerned during the riot? What does he tell the Trio?
3. Why was Harry so immediately suspected of casting the Dark Mark? What evidence, other than his stolen wand, would support this?
4. How was Mr. Weasley able to convince the Ministry officials that Harry is innocent? Was he believed?
5. Why would Ludo Bagman, a Ministry official, be unaware that an attack was underway? Where might he have been and why was he there?
6. Was Ludo Bagman's worried look about the riot, or something else? What might that be?

[edit] Greater Picture

When Amos Diggory retrieves the Stunned Winky from the woods behind the clearing, Bartemius Crouch immediately recognizes her as his own House-elf. When he goes into the same woods afterwards, he is looking for someone who Winky had been charged with guarding. Winky is unable to explain what happened or tell anyone who cast the Dark Mark because she is magically bound to conceal anything she knows about the family she serves. Winky's offence was not that she was in the woods without permission, or even in possession of a wand, but for failing to protect a family secret. This is a far more serious offence and the real reason she is sacked, although readers should consider why Crouch would dismiss such a valuable servant or why he had been so quick to accuse Harry.

There are several clues that Winky is guarding a person in this chapter. Harry's wand vanishes, later turning up in Winky's possession. This could only have happened if Winky, or the man she was guarding, had either picked up the wand in the forest if Harry had dropped it, or had lifted it from his pocket in the Top Box while Harry was watching the Quidditch match. When Winky runs across the forest path, she is apparently talking to herself and acting as if she is being restrained. In fact, someone is restraining her, but he is hidden under an Invisibility Cloak, unseen to Harry. It is this man who casts the Morsmordre spell, and though he is Stunned by Ministry wizards, he falls under the cloak and remains hidden from Amos Diggory. Crouch, though, knowing what he is looking for, finds and sends him home.

It is to the author's credit that, despite giving strong clues in this single chapter, we are unable to conclude that Winky was guarding someone until later in the story when that person, Barty Crouch Jr., explains what had happened during the riot.

It is perhaps ironic that Crouch dismissing Winky is very likely what leads to the secret's final revelation, as Winky is Crouch's most powerful assistant in keeping that secret.

Ludo Bagman's worries, we will learn, are likely because his "little flutter" has gone rather badly wrong, and it seems that he now owes more money than he has. Bagman was likely aware that the Leprechaun gold was transient when he used it to pay off the goblins. Though it has bought him some time, he is probably now worried over how to deal with the inevitable fallout when that gold vanishes.

Chapter 10: Mayhem at the Ministry

[edit] Synopsis

The Twins, Harry, Ron, Ginny, Hermione, Percy, Charlie, Bill, and Mr. Weasley catch an early rubber tyre back to Stoatshead Hill, after quick negotiation with Basil, the keeper of the Portkeys. As they reach The Burrow, Mrs. Weasley charges out, overjoyed to see them safe. After reading about the riot in the Daily Prophet, she did not want her cross parting words to Twins to have been the last thing she said to them.

The Daily Prophet's main story is slanted to put the Ministry in the worst possible light; it is written by Rita Skeeter, a scribe who, Percy says, has it in for the Ministry. Mr. Weasley finds that although he has been quoted accurately, his words have been deliberately slanted. Because he was the one quoted and it has made things worse, he must now patch things up. Percy offers to go with him, Mr. Crouch will need all hands on deck. Harry corrals Ron and Hermione and tells them that his scar hurt three days ago and about the dream he had. He says he is expecting Hedwig to bring a response from Sirius about what he should do.

Over the next two weeks, Percy and Mr. Weasley are busy dealing with fallout from the riot. Just before the students are to leave for Hogwarts, Percy is lamenting the many Howlers that have arrived at his office, saying they have scorched his desk. All have to do with security at the Quidditch World Cup and demanding compensation for losses. One Mundungus Fletcher, for instance, is demanding compensation for a twelve-bedroom tent with an ensuite Jacuzzi, although Percy knows he was sleeping under a cloak stretched over sticks. Fred and George are hunched over a piece of parchment. Mrs. Weasley asks if they are making a new order form for Weasleys' Wizard Wheezes, but Fred dodges the question. Mr. Weasley arrives home and says that Rita Skeeter has discovered that Bertha Jorkins is missing and nobody has been looking for her. Mr. Weasley points out that Mr. Crouch's House-elf being found with the wand that cast the Dark Mark would be headlines for a week. This sets Hermione off; she says that House-elves are basically slaves, but before she can get properly started on her rant, Mrs. Weasley sends everyone off to check if they are packed.

Sorting through the parcels Mrs. Weasley has gotten him, Ron finds an ancient dress robe, frayed and edged with lace. Mrs. Weasley says he will need dress robes this year for formal occasions and that she also got some for Harry. With some trepidation, Harry opens his to find that they are not embarrassing at all, looking like his school robes only bottle-green. Ron demands to know why he could not have robes like that, but Mrs. Weasley says they can only afford second-hand. After she leaves, Ron laments, "Why is everything I own rubbish?"

[edit] Analysis

The Weasley family is spotlighted here, including Ron, who is continually embarrassed and anguished over being poor and having to buy used textbooks and other lower-quality chattels. This time, he is humiliated when Mrs. Weasley buys him hideous, ancient dress robes for formal school occasions; Mrs. Weasley's well-meaning, but misguided, attempt to provide for her youngest son's material requirements goes awry when she utterly fails to comprehend Ron's emotional needs, and that teen-agers, even wizard ones, desperately desire to fit in with their peers, not be different from them. She has unintentionally made Ron a more tempting target to his detractors. Ron is even more upset when he sees that Mrs. Weasley selected presentable dress robes for Harry because he can afford them. This contrast between Ron's relative poverty and Harry's inherited wealth appears several times throughout the book, and it will continually strain their friendship. Though Ron is sometimes jealous over Harry's affluence, he has yet to realize that Harry lacks and desperately wants what Ron takes for granted: a loving, supportive, and stable family. And while Ron will always have an opportunity to improve his lot in life if he so chooses, Harry can never hope to regain his parents.

Meanwhile, Mr. Weasley finds himself in a difficult position at work after his quotes were deliberately skewed by Rita Skeeter in her slanted article; now he must protect his job by attempting to repair damage inflicted on the Ministry of Magic. Percy's growing pompousness only makes matters worse. Even though his boss, Mr. Crouch, continually forgets his name, Percy convinces himself that he is needed at work to help handle the fallout following the World Cup riot. Adding to the Ministry's woes is Skeeter's discovery that Bertha Jorkins is missing, although, incredibly, Ministry officials have taken no action regarding this.

As with other characters, Rowling introduces Daily Prophet journalist, Rita Skeeter, only by name, hinting that Skeeter will later play an important role. An unethical and ruthless reporter, Skeeter employs any means to uncover a story that she then pads with juicy lies, exaggerated facts, and fabricated sensationalism to enthrall her readers and boost her paper's circulation. Skeeter's slanted articles have inflamed the already wide-spread fallout following the Death Eater attacks at the World Cup, although it remains unclear if she actually is biased against the Ministry of Magic, as Percy claims, or merely seeking notoriety. Regardless, she shows little interest in reporting the truth, and even less consideration for those victimized by her falsehoods. And while Skeeter freely abuses veracity, her character also represents just how prevalently the truth is skewered and manipulated by other characters in the series, often to malign Harry and Dumbledore and/or to benefit and protect themselves.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Harry only choose to tell Ron and Hermione about his dream now?
2. How are the Twins able to manipulate Mrs. Weasley's relief over their safety to their own advantage?
3. Why does Mrs. Weasley fail to understand why Ron is upset over the dress robes she bought him? Why does this further strain Ron's friendship with Harry?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why has no one been searching for the missing Bertha Jorkins?
2. Is Percy's claim that the Daily Prophet and Rita Skeeter have it in for the Ministry correct? If so, why, and what evidence supports this?

[edit] Greater Picture

The Twins manipulate Mrs. Weasley's relief that they are safely home to help defuse further questions about Weasley's Wizard Wheezes. The letter the Twins are writing is likely to Ludo Bagman, informing him that his payment (in Leprechaun gold) has vanished. Even though they were not working on another Weasley's Wizard Wheezes order form as Mrs. Weasley suspected, it would have been equally precarious for the Twins to admit to their mother what it actually was. Not only was it connected with the Wheezes enterprise, it also involved gambling, which the Twins are forbidden to do. By invoking her earlier relief for their safety, Fred is able to deflect Mrs. Weasley's inquiry about the parchment, without admitting what it is.

Mr. Crouch continually forgetting Percy's name and his other odd behavior, as described here in passing, may stem from something other than him being an eccentric and inattentive boss. It will turn out that Mr. Crouch is being controlled by Peter Pettigrew, using the Imperius curse, in order to assist Barty Crouch Jr. in his attempts to force the Triwizard Tournament's outcome in Voldemort's chosen direction. However, it is unclear exactly when this curse is applied. It is believed it is before the start of the school year, as we are later shown that Crouch was under control before Moody was subdued, and it must have happened after Harry's dream as Pettigrew and Voldemort were then in Little Hangleton, while Crouch was still in London; so while it is safe to assume that Crouch was taken over sometime during this fortnight, we are unable to see exactly when his behaviour changed.

The journalist Rita Skeeter, introduced in this chapter, will have a large role in this book, writing embarrassing stories about Harry and Hermione in particular. She will ultimately be nullified by Hermione, though she will again play a role in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, and will be brought back indirectly, through interviews and her own writing, in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. In the series' final book, Skeeter's acid pen poses questions that Harry will need to answer, primarily about Dumbledore.

Chapter 11: Aboard the Hogwarts Express

[edit] Synopsis

The next morning, Harry and Ron put on Muggle clothing to avoid attracting attention at the train station. Mrs. Weasley tells Arthur that there is an urgent message from the Ministry. Mr. Weasley talks to Amos Diggory's head, which is floating in the fireplace. They are discussing someone named "Mad-Eye" who thought he heard someone creeping around his house. Mad Eye booby-trapped his garbage bins to attack intruders. Apparently Mr. Weasley and Diggory want to minimize the charges against Mad Eye, so it will not be reported in the news. Harry learns that this person is apparently rather famous, is starting a new job, and the Ministry wants to keep his reputation relatively clean. Bill, Fred, and George evidently recognize Mad Eye's name, as does Charlie, who tells Harry that Mad-Eye Moody was a great Auror but is now retired. He still has many enemies, mostly families of those he put into Azkaban, and he has apparently become paranoid in his old age.

Mrs. Weasley braved the telephone in the village post office and so there are three Muggle taxis waiting to take them to London. Bill and Charlie are going with them, but Percy decides that he is needed at the Ministry. They arrive at King's Cross Station and head to Platform Nine and Three Quarters. Harry, Ron, and Hermione find a compartment on the train, then hop off again to say goodbye. Bill and Charlie hint that something interesting will be happening at Hogwarts this year, but Ron, Harry, Fred, and George are unable to get any additional information from them or Mrs. Weasley, who apparently knows the secret.

As the train departs London, Draco Malfoy is overheard in the next compartment saying that he almost went to Durmstrang, another wizarding school. Hermione comments that it probably would have suited him, there is more emphasis on the Dark Arts there. No one knows Durmstrang's location, both it and the Beauxbatons Academy conceal themselves, much as Hogwarts does. This is news to Ron, who was unaware that Hogwarts is concealed. He asks, "How can you conceal a bloody great castle?" Hermione explains the various ways, including that the castle cannot be mapped and no one can Apparate or Disapparate within it. The Trio greet old friends like Dean Thomas, Seamus Finnigan, and Neville Longbottom, and the conversation turns to the Quidditch World Cup until Draco enters the compartment. Spotting Ron's embarrassing dress robes draped over Pigwidgeon's cage to quiet him, Draco mocks Ron, then asks if he is entering. When it becomes apparent that Ron has no idea what Draco is talking about, Draco sneers that maybe Ron's father and brother are not high enough employees within the Ministry to know what is going on and leaves without further explanation.

They arrive at Hogsmeade station in a thundering downpour, and quickly head to the horseless carriages that carry students to the castle. Hermione does not envy the first-years their trip across the lake.

[edit] Analysis

Two main plot lines are advanced or initiated. Early on, the character, Alastor Moody, a former Auror, is introduced when the Ministry is forced to cover up actions resulting from his paranoia. Moody sets boobytraps to safeguard his property, and he is likely to attack anyone he considers a threat, although it is unclear why or by whom he would be attacked. The Ministry being so concerned that the public might learn about the incident at Moody's home indicates that his new job is probably a high-profile and closely scrutinized position. Although it is unknown yet just what Moody has been hired for, readers may be able to surmise what it is based on his previous career.

Hints are being dropped that something mysterious and exciting may be happening at Hogwarts. Mr. and Mrs. Weasley, Bill, and Charlie know about it, and likely that is what Percy was actually begging questions about at the family dinner before the World Cup. On the Hogwarts Express, Draco, as obnoxious as ever, indicates that the Malfoy family knows the secret and seizes this as an opportunity to further undermine Ron and his family. The astute reader may be wondering if this is what Ludo Bagman was alluding to in an earlier chapter. Readers should also pay attention to Draco's comment about almost attending Durmstrang, as there seems to be a particular reason it is mentioned here.

In chapter 9, it was learned that there are other Wizarding schools in Europe, including Beauxbatons, which is apparently in France. Durmstrang, which has a slightly less than savory reputation, is mentioned in this chapter. Durmstrang is likely in the cold northern regions of East Europe, because its uniform includes fur-lined capes, although its actual location is secret.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why would Mrs. Weasley use Muggle taxis to transport the children to King's Cross Station?
2. Why doesn't Ron know that Hogwarts Castle is magically hidden, and what does that say about his character in general?
3. What might Malfoy mean when he asks Ron if he is "entering"? What other hints have been dropped that something special is happening at Hogwarts this year?

[edit] Further Study

1. Based on his former occupation, what new job might Alastor "Mad Eye" Moody be starting?
2. Why is it so important that Mr. Weasley and Mr. Diggory get the charges against Moody minimized?
3. What might the nickname, "Mad Eye" refer to?
4. Would Draco Malfoy's character be different if he had attended Durmstrang instead of Hogwarts? If so, how? What are some possible reasons why he did not attend that school?

[edit] Greater Picture

It will be learned later that the incident with Moody and his trash cans is actually when Wormtail and Barty Crouch Jr. overpower and kidnap him. It is Barty who animates the garbage bins so there will be something to report as having caused the commotion when Ministry wizards arrive. Evidently Moody's paranoia was well-founded. It is not known if there actually were traps on Moody's property; it is only important that Wizarding officials believe there were, and given Amos Diggory's and Arthur Weasley's reactions to the story given by Moody's impostor, they believe this.

It will shortly be revealed that the Bulgarian Quidditch team's Seeker, Viktor Krum, is a student at Durmstrang. This could indicate the school is located in Bulgaria, or at least draws some of its students from there as well as other near-by countries, although that is only speculation. Krum will have a larger role to play in this book, as he is a potential Champion for Durmstrang in the upcoming Triwizard Tournament. Another Wizard school, Beauxbatons, has also been mentioned, and will provide the third Champion in that tournament. The tournament, in fact, is the pending event at Hogwarts which Bill, Charlie, Percy, Mrs. Weasley, and Draco Malfoy have all alluded to.

Krum will also become romantically interested in Hermione, which affects Ron, who becomes jealous. Krum is sporadically seen throughout the rest of the series, triggering attacks of jealousy and insecurity in Ron at each appearance. Hermione, knowing her own heart better than Ron knows his, will retain Krum as a friend, but never seriously reciprocates his romantic interest.

Chapter 12: The Triwizard Tournament

[edit] Synopsis

Harry, Ron, and Hermione are greeted at the Entrance Hall with water balloons courtesy of Peeves. Professor McGonagall shoos him away, and the Trio enter the Great Hall where Colin Creevey excitedly tells Harry that his brother Dennis is starting his first year at Hogwarts. Harry asks if brothers and sisters are always sorted into the same House, like the Weasleys, but Hermione points out that Parvati Patil is a Gryffindor, but her twin sister, Padma, was sorted into Ravenclaw.

Scanning the head table, Harry notices many empty chairs, but he does not think about who is missing until Hermione wonders who is teaching Defence Against the Dark Arts. Harry realizes that there does not seem to be a teacher for that subject, but, almost immediately, the First Years enter and the Sorting ceremony commences. Once the Sorting has ended, the feast begins. Nearly Headless Nick informs Harry and Ron that there nearly was not a feast because Peeves, upset he was uninvited, was wreaking havoc in the kitchens, disrupting the House-elves. Hermione, distraught to discover that there are over one hundred House-elves at Hogwarts providing for the residents' needs, refuses to eat any more, claiming slave labour produced the feast.

After the feast, Professor Dumbledore rises to make several announcements. First, the inter-house Quidditch championship is canceled, but before he can explain further, a man with a prosthetic leg, a magical false eye, and a badly damaged face enters the Hall. He speaks with Professor Dumbledore, who introduces him as Professor Moody, the new Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher. Harry asks Ron if this is the same Moody that his father had bailed out that morning, and Ron believes it is. They watch as Moody eats and notices that he only drinks from a hip flask. Dumbledore continues, and announces that Hogwarts is hosting the inter-school Triwizard Tournament. A one thousand Galleon prize will be awarded to the winner. Only students 17 years and older can enter, causing Fred and George to protest; they do not turn 17 until April and want to compete. Dumbledore says that representatives from the competing Beauxbatons and Durmstrang schools are arriving shortly and will stay at Hogwarts during the Tournament.

Heading to their dormitory, Fred and George are already plotting ways to bypass the age rule and enter the competition, assuming the judges will not notice if they take an Aging Potion. Harry, dreaming about the Tournament, imagines himself as the champion, admired by Cho Chang.

[edit] Analysis

Ever since entering the wizarding world, Harry has learned to expect the unexpected. However, when he was prematurely extricated from the unpleasant Dursley household, he anticipated an enjoyable time with the Weasleys and Hermione at the Quidditch World Cup before returning to Hogwarts' familiar and comfortable routine. Since departing Privet Drive, however, life has been anything but peaceful, starting with the upheaval at the World Cup. Even returning to Hogwarts will be different what with the Triwizard Tournament and foreign students spending the academic year at the school. The Tournament is creating much excitement and anticipation, however, and it is an opportunity for one student to win glory and a substantial prize. And though Harry is underage and usually prefers to avoid putting additional attention on himself (nor does he need the prize money), he is, nonetheless, intrigued by the prospect of competing in such a difficult challenge and being proclaimed a hero. Even though Harry is already famous and considered a "hero" in the wizarding world, he may feel that this title was bestowed by fate, rather than by his own deliberate action or design; Harry was a mere infant when Voldemort met his demise, and Harry remembers little about that night's events. And though he has since confronted Voldemort, the general wizarding community is either unaware or simply refuses to believe that the Dark Lord has returned. The Tournament would provide an opportunity to achieve glory and renown on his own terms, and there would be no lingering doubts or unanswered questions after its conclusion. Harry also considers the Tournament as a missed opportunity to impress Cho Chang, his first major crush. Adding to the quandary, not only is Harry barred from entering the Tournament, he must also cope with the cancellation of Quidditch, an activity he dearly loves and one that provides him a means to reduce stress and excess energy, as well as earning him recognition; it is also an interest he shares with Cho Chang, the Ravenclaw Seeker.

Dumbledore was probably instrumental in reviving the long-suspended (and very dangerous) Triwizard Tournament with a specific purpose in mind. With Voldemort apparently regaining strength and re-organizing his Death Eaters, Dumbledore knows it is imperative that the differing Wizarding populations unite in order to fight the Dark Lord. Like the Quidditch World Cup, bringing students together in a long-term competition is an opportunity to create lasting ties and friendships, as well as build strong international cooperation.

Hermione's determination to free House-elves shows little sign of abating, although refusing to eat meals prepared at Hogwarts seems a childish and ineffective way to achieve her objective. Hermione will need a more concrete and organized method to promote her cause.

Harry and Hermione's conversation regarding how siblings are sorted into their Houses, while unimportant to the overall plot, is interesting. The Patil sisters are identical twins, but the Sorting Hat obviously detected enough differences to sort them into different Houses. The same could be said about Fred and George who, despite their closeness, have many contrasts to their personalities. Fred is more aggressive and outgoing than George, who tends to be quieter and more cerebral, making him a possible candidate for Ravenclaw (if he were able to discipline himself academically). However, the Sorting Hat takes many factors into consideration when sorting new students, including an individual's own preference. It was Harry's strong desire to be in Gryffindor that prompted the Sorting Hat to place him there, rather than Slytherin. This could also be why Fred and George were both put in Gryffindor and the Patil twins were not. And while it would seem that, given her intellect, Hermione should have been placed in Ravenclaw, she is better suited to Gryffindor in many other ways.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why might the Triwizard Tournament have been revived after so many years? Why was it disbanded, and has it changed?

[edit] Further Study

1. Can Hermione boycotting food prepared by Hogwarts House-elves help free them? If not, why? What might be an alternative solution?
2. Why might Harry, already considered a "hero" in the wizarding world, want to compete in the Triwizard Tournament? What reasons might he not want to enter, other than being underaged?
3. Why might the Sorting Hat have placed the identical Patil twins into separate Houses, while Fred and George were both sorted into Gryffindor?
4. What might Mad Eye Moody be drinking from his hip flask? Why does no one investigate or seem suspicious?

[edit] Greater Picture

Despite the Weasleys being traditionally sorted into Gryffindor, Ron, and also Neville Longbottom, seem ill-suited to a House known for bravery. Initially, it appears that they would likely do better in Hufflepuff House. Both boys seem to lack courage and have not demonstrated any outstanding magical ability; Neville, in fact, is nearly incompetent in magic. Why then were they placed in Gryffindor? It is likely the Sorting Hat can detect deeply hidden and untapped qualities within students, even if they are not yet visible to the individual or others. By the series end, each boy will prove they are true Gryffindors and show that bravery comes in many forms. They overcome their fears and inabilities to help battle Voldemort, and both, mostly under Harry's guidance, develop into strong, capable wizards.

One reason Harry wants to compete in the Triwizard Tournament is, if victorious, he will be proclaimed a hero as a result of his own efforts, without anyone doubting the outcome. Harry will get his wish to compete, but his "triumph" will be disputed and create even more doubts and unanswered questions regarding Voldemort and Harry's unproven claims that the Dark Lord has returned.

Winky's mistreatment at the World Cup has so stirred Hermione's outrage over the injustice meted out to House-elves that she will forever champion rights and ethical treatment for non-human magical creatures. It also becomes the foundation for S.P.E.W., the organization she will start.

Chapter 13: Mad-Eye Moody

[edit] Synopsis

At breakfast, Fred, George, and Lee Jordan are plotting ways to bypass the Tournament age limit. Hermione decides to eat breakfast, saying there are better ways to promote elf rights. Harry looks for, but does not receive, a message from Sirius Black in the morning post. In their first class, Herbology, with the Hufflepuffs, they are squeezing pus from bubotubers. Their second class is Care of Magical Creatures, with the Slytherins. Hagrid is teaching them to care for Blast-Ended Skrewts. The Skrewts scare the entire class, and Dean Thomas is burned by one, while Lavender Brown discovers some have stingers.

During lunch, Hermione bolts down her meal, then heads for the library, while Harry and Ron wait for the bell and proceed to Divination. Professor Trelawney, with her by-now familiar mystical air, predicts her usual doom for Harry and then announces they will be studying the stars. Trelawney states that Harry's appearance clearly indicates that he was born in midwinter, under the influence of Saturn; Harry replies that he was born in July. Professor Trelawney assigns massive astrology homework.

While queuing for dinner, Draco Malfoy reads aloud from the Daily Prophet. Ron's father is mentioned in an extremely scurrilous article by Rita Skeeter. The article criticizes the Ministry and, in particular, Arthur Weasley, although Skeeter gets his name wrong. An exchange of insults ensues. When Draco attempts to curse Harry behind his back, Professor Moody Transfigures Draco into a white ferret and bounces him off the floor. Professor McGonagall arrives and sternly warns Moody that students are never transfigured as punishment, then transforms Draco back into himself. Moody tells Draco to warn his father that he will be keeping an eye on his son, and comments that they are "old acquaintances." He escorts Draco to his House's Head, Professor Snape, another "old friend." As Ron eats dinner and savors the vision of "Draco Malfoy, the bouncing white ferret", Fred and George and Lee Jordan tell Ron and Harry that, even apart from the Malfoy episode, Moody is quite cool, and his Defence Against the Dark Arts classes are incredible. Mad Eye has actually fought Dark wizards. Ron laments that he must wait until Thursday for Moody's class.

[edit] Analysis

Professor Moody is proving to be an eccentric and unconventional teacher, even more than others that students have seen at Hogwarts. His gruff, rebellious nature is a bit frightening, although he demonstrates a strong sense of fair play when he transfigured Malfoy into a ferret for attempting to curse Harry behind his back. His apparent willingness to flout Ministry rules and teach practical (although dangerous) defensive magic makes his class an instant favorite with students. The Twins' enthusiasm only increases Ron and Harry's eagerness to attend their first session. Readers should perhaps take notice of Moody's hip flask.

It is unlikely that Hermione has abandoned her mission to liberate House-elves, despite deciding against boycotting Hogwarts' meals. Based on her behavior here, she probably realizes she needs a more practical approach for promoting her cause and has dashed off to the library to research a more effective way. For Hermione, an idea that was born in a fit of childish emotion is gradually giving way to a more logical, methodical, and mature reasoning process to achieve her goals. This may be why Hermione was sorted into Gryffindor House rather than Ravenclaw—she actively applies her great intellect to achieve specific goals, combining her intelligence with bravery, initiative, persistence, and occasional rule-breaking, even when others strongly disapprove, are indifferent, or mock her. This is unlike the cerebral Ravenclaws, who, although they are known for their high intelligence, tend to be more introspective and less proactive. If Hermione had been sorted into Ravenclaw, frequent conflicts with her housemates would likely have occurred.

Fred and George's attempts to by-pass the Tournament's age limit are likely futile, but their continual attempts to experiment with and create new magic shows, despite their poor academic record, just how talented, powerful, and resourceful these clever young wizards actually are; they have already invented many new and innovative spells, charms, and jinxes, and they are well on their way to opening their own unique joke shop, if they can secure the financing. The Twins are a stark contrast to Harry and Ron, who, to date, have tended only to study the required O.W.L.-level curriculum and have not yet shown the initiative or ability to create new magic. This does not mean they are incapable or lack talent, however. Harry, being a latecomer to the wizarding world, still has much general knowledge to learn that most wizard children have been exposed to since birth. He has also had to cope with many calamities in his life, particularly since he started at Hogwarts. However, his natural ability in Defensive Arts is already apparent and will likely inspire him to experiment once he becomes more proficient in general magic; he has already learned more defensive spells than most students know when they leave Hogwarts. Hermione, a latecomer like Harry, also shows little inclination to experiment; instead, she concentrates on mastering traditional spells that are within prescribed academic boundaries while nurturing her inquisitive mind with books, although this will likely change as she matures. Ron, meanwhile, still feels too intimidated and overshadowed by his magically accomplished family, even Ginny, who is already developing into a powerful witch.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Trelawney say Harry was born in mid-winter when it was she who once made a prophecy (that is revealed to Harry in Order of the Phoenix) that he would, "be born as the seventh month dies"?
2. Why does Rita Skeeter particularly criticize Arthur Weasley in her articles about the World Cup riots?
3. Why does Hagrid's Care of Magical Creatures class often feature animals that are mildly dangerous and that frighten (and occasionally injure) students?
4. What does Moody mean when he refers to Snape and Lucius Malfoy as "old acquaintances"?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Hermione decide against boycotting meals prepared by House-elves? Is she giving up on her plan to liberate House-elves or might she be planning something else and what might that be?
2. Despite knowing how difficult Dobby's life was after Harry liberated him, why has Hermione given such little thought to how House-elves would fare if they were freed? What obstacles would they face?

[edit] Greater Picture

We again see Rita Skeeter's poisonous brand of writing in this chapter. As mentioned previously, Rita and her journalistic style will play a role in this and future books in the series.

Hermione's concerns for the wellbeing of the House-Elves will shortly result in her creating an organization, the Society for the Promotion of Elfish Welfare, which will prove a relatively minor plot point in this book. Hermione's investigations into the status of house-elves at Hogwarts will lead her to Dobby and Winky, both of whom are working in the Hogwarts kitchens as Free Elves. While it will play little role in future books, the welfare of non-human magical races will remain a concern of Hermione's throughout the rest of the series.

Chapter 14: The Unforgivable Curses

[edit] Synopsis

Professor Snape, as usual, is in a bad mood, and the confrontation with Professor Moody must have been galling. Additionally, it is common belief that Snape wanted the Defence Against The Dark Arts position. Snape also seems to fear Moody and, as he cannot act against him, retaliates against students. On Thursday, the students eagerly queue outside Professor Moody's classroom early, except for Hermione, who arrives from the library just in time. Moody tells the class that Professor Lupin told him they have tackled a variety of Dark creatures, but they are deficient in handling curses. He says Ministry guidelines state they should only be taught counter-curses, and not be shown the actual curses until sixth year. But Professor Dumbledore feels that even fourth years need a better understanding of what they may be up against. Professor Moody asks the class if they can identify the three Unforgivable curses, according to the Ministry. Ron says his father has mentioned the Imperius curse. Moody casts it on a spider, forcing it to dance. Moody says the curse makes it difficult to tell who is truly Dark and who is being controlled by magic.

Moody asks for another curse; Neville shakily mentions the Cruciatus curse. Moody enlarges another spider and casts Crucio on it. Even though it is only a spider, it is obviously in extreme pain. Neville becomes distressed while watching this. Relenting, Moody reduces the spider and lets it go. Moody asks for the third illegal curse; Hermione mentions the Killing Curse. Moody fetches another spider and curses it; in a jet of green light, it simply dies. Moody says only one person is known to have survived that particular curse: Harry Potter. This curse is a small revelation to Harry, as he has memories of the green light and the rushing noise it makes.

As they leave the classroom, Hermione notices Neville is extremely shaken. Professor Moody approaches and takes Neville aside. He also asks if Harry is all right, and says that Harry has to know (the implication being that he should know about the curse that killed his parents). Moody then takes Neville to his office for a cup of tea, while Hermione and Ron wonder what that is about. When they return to the Common room after dinner, Neville is reading a book Professor Moody gave him titled, Magical Mediterranean Water-Plants and Their Properties, and says that Moody was told by Professor Sprout that he is adept at Herbology.

Harry and Ron start their Divination homework, but as usual, it is too confusing, and they revert to inventing their own predictions. Harry notices Fred and George working on a parchment and sees George scratch out a line and say, "No, that sounds like we're accusing him. Got to be careful." But Harry's homework is more important, so he returns to his fabrication. As they finish, Hermione returns from the library with the beginnings of an organization she calls S.P.E.W.: the Society for the Promotion of Elfish Welfare. She lays out how the society will work. She coerces Harry and Ron into being officers, but is interrupted by Hedwig appearing at the window with a message from Sirius Black. Sirius writes that Harry's painful scar, coupled with other things he has heard, concerns him, and he is returning to England. Harry frets, convinced he has summoned Sirius into danger. If Sirius is captured, Harry could never forgive himself. A peeved Harry shoos away the hungry Hedwig, who angrily flies off to the Owlery to find something to eat.

[edit] Analysis

The plot advances in various ways. First, Professor Moody further demonstrates his idiosyncratic teaching style and a willingness to flout Ministry regulations, as well as an awareness and sensitivity towards students. His decision to teach the three "Unforgivable Curses" has a particularly profound effect on two students: Harry and Neville. Realizing that the Cruciatus Curse demonstration has visibly upset Neville, Moody takes him aside after class and calms him down. Moody also checks on Harry, whose parents he knows were killed with the Avada Kedavra curse that nearly took Harry's life and left him with his scar, although Harry is less shaken than Neville. Readers will note that Moody describes the Avada Kedavra curse as killing its victim without leaving any mark. However, Harry's scar was caused by the deadly curse. This is most likely the after effect of his mother's protective charm when the curse rebounded off Harry's forehead and back to Voldemort, killing him.

Also, Neville, who is rarely, if ever, singled out for being good at anything, is extremely flattered and grateful when Moody gives him the Herbology book after being told by Professor Sprout that Neville has an aptitude for this subject. Harry thinks that Moody's gesture is similar to what Professor Lupin would have done.

Hermione championing rights for House-elves (that they actually do not want) formally begins in this chapter. Although S.P.E.W. becomes a smaller subplot in later books, Hermione continues to believe, quite correctly, that House-elves are a slave caste and should be freed.

Snape's behavior here is revealing. Rather than the disdain and disrespect he usually heaps on whoever is the current Defensive Arts teacher, a position Snape has long coveted but is repeatedly denied, he appears to show cautious fear and maintains a respectful distance from the crusty, former Auror. Moody's earlier sarcastic remark regarding Snape being an "old friend" hints at an unresolved history between them, most likely relating to Snape's Death Eater past. Typically, Snape vents his frustration on his students.

Finally, Sirius, concerned about Harry's safety, is returning to England with Buckbeak, although Harry rightly fears he may have endangered Sirius by writing to him about his dreams and his scar hurting. And though Sirius' concern and devotion for his godson is commendable and shows how much he loves Harry, his decision seems rather reckless; just how Sirius can help Harry while he remains a hunted fugitive is uncertain. This all causes Harry even more stress and turmoil and could even put him at risk.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why were Unforgivable Curses made illegal?
2. Why was Neville so affected by Moody demonstrating the Cruciatus curse? Does Moody know the reason? If so, how would he know?
3. Why is the Avada Kedavra curse of such interest to Harry?
4. Why is Harry upset that Sirius is returning to England?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Moody demonstrate the Unforgivable Curses to the class, despite Ministry policy against teaching them?
2. Why would the Ministry want to prevent students from learning the Unforgivable Curses?
3. Why was Harry less affected by Moody's in-class demonstration than Neville?
4. How does Snape treat Moody differently than other former Defensive Arts teachers? Why?
5. Who might the Twins be writing to and why would they be contacting this person?
6. Why does George tell Fred they have to be "careful"?
7. Why would Moody give Neville a Herbology book about water plants?

[edit] Greater Picture

Harry and the other students are, at this point, unaware that Neville Longbottom's parents, Frank and Alice, are permanently committed to St. Mungo's Hospital. When we and Harry learn this later, it is also revealed that Moody was present at the Death Eaters' trial, and thus knows that they tortured the Longbottoms into insanity using the Cruciatus curse. This sheds some light on these occurrences, as it is meant to; we suddenly understand why Neville became so upset while watching the curse demonstration and why Moody apparently took such pains to comfort him. In the final chapter, however, it is revealed that Alastor Moody is actually Barty Crouch, Jr. in disguise. He is one of four Death Eaters sentenced to Azkaban for torturing the Longbottoms to insanity using the Cruciatus Curse. It is particularly interesting that Crouch (as Moody) can show such compassion to one whose parents he drove insane, although that is keeping in character with what the real Moody probably would have done under the same circumstances. And while Crouch giving Neville the Herbology book seems like yet another magnanimous gesture to help boost Neville's low self-esteem, it is actually because the book contains information that Crouch wants passed on to Harry that can help him win the Tournament, thus leading Harry into Voldemort's trap. Crouch may well have been banking on the Cruciatus demonstration to badly upset the sensitive Neville, solely to give Crouch an opportunity to present Neville with the book without his motives appearing suspicious. This extreme deviousness illustrates, upon reflection, something unsavory about Crouch's character in particular, and perhaps Death Eaters in general. Also, Barty's comment that Snape and Karkaroff are "old acquaintances," may not only be truthful, implying that he knew them as fellow Death Eaters, but it also demonstrates a rather perverse sense of humor. Considering that Snape and Karkaroff betrayed Voldemort, Barty's sarcastic comment could have the same double-entendre implication as what the real Alastor Moody would mean had he said it.

It will turn out that the Twins are writing to Ludo Bagman. This is part of a subplot that will run the entire duration of the year, as Ludo refuses to pay off his gambling debt to them. Ludo is clearly more afraid of his other debtors, who are Goblins, and who can seriously injure him if they are not paid; when Ludo's debts finally go completely sour at the end of the book, he will go into hiding, leaving the Twins and the Goblins unpaid.

In her attempts to free the House-elves, Hermione fails to consider that freedom comes with a price and must be carefully orchestrated if elves are to survive and thrive without discrimination or retribution within the wizarding world. Simply turning loose what most wizards consider an inferior race (even more so than other non-human magical folk) would create great hardship, just as it will for Winky, who has few, if any, prospects as a free elf. It would take a huge effort to realign both the general wizarding population's attitude and the House-elves' thinking to accept House-elves as equal and free agents. It would be advisable for Hermione to study how emancipated slaves fared following the American Civil War in the mid-1860s. Although former slaves were now free U.S. citizens, they struggled against severe discrimination, hatred, violence, and poverty while attempting to assimilate themselves into a white, patriarchal-dominated society, all while lacking (and being denied) adequate education, jobs, and other opportunities needed to fend for themselves. As in the Wizard world, more than one race was discriminated against: Irish, Asians, Hispanics, Italians, etc. were routinely denied equal opportunities based solely on their ethnicity. However, much like some non-human magical folk in Wizard society, these particular ethnic groups were never enslaved and they had functioned within their own home countries as free citizens and most had at least some education. Also, immigrants were often able to establish their own small, protective communities while gradually integrating themselves into American culture, whereas freed slaves created a sudden and rather chaotic influx into a new social order in which there was little management or oversight (and extensive corruption) resulting in abuse and exploitation. Over a century later, these struggles are still existent and are likely similar to what House-elves would experience.

Chapter 15: Beauxbatons and Durmstrang

[edit] Synopsis

Early in the morning, Harry writes to Sirius telling him that he is perfectly alright and not to worry about him. He goes to the Owlery and persuades a still-aloof Hedwig to carry the message to Sirius. Harry is certain Sirius' reply will make things better. Hermione remonstrates with him later, saying that what he wrote to Sirius is a lie. Harry says he does not care; he will not do anything that risks Sirius going to Azkaban again.

Classes are harder than ever, particularly Defence Against the Dark Arts. Professor Moody is going to use the Imperius curse on each student to teach them how to resist it. Hermione objects, saying it is illegal. Moody responds that Dumbledore wants them to know what it feels like and offers to excuse her from class. She decides to stay, and Moody puts each student under the curse. Harry feels euphoric while he is cursed. When a little voice breaks in telling him to jump on Moody's desk, Harry thinks, "But why?" As the command gets more forceful, Harry both jumps and tries to prevent himself from jumping and smashes into Moody's desk. Moody is overjoyed and repeats the process four times, until Harry is able to cast off the curse perfectly.

As they leave class, Ron comments that Moody seems to believe everyone is on the verge of being attacked and mentions a few events that would make the Ministry glad not to have Moody around to worry about. Harry and Ron wonder how to cope with the extra homework on resisting the Imperius curse in addition to all the other homework teachers are piling on. Professor McGonagall explains in Transfiguration that it is to prepare students for their Fifth-year OWLs.

Luckily, Professor Trelawney approves their Divination homework, even reading sections to the class. Harry and Ron are amused, but less so when she asks them to repeat this the month after next; they are running out of catastrophes to predict. Meanwhile, Professor Binns is having students write weekly essays on the Goblin Rebellions. Professor Snape has them researching antidotes, and Professor Flitwick assigns three books in preparation for Summoning Charms. Even Hagrid gives extra work. The Blast-Ended Skrewts are growing apace, even though nobody knows what they eat. Hagrid has the class record their behaviour on alternate evenings.

Returning to the Castle one evening after Care of Magical Creatures, the Trio see a notice that delegations from Durmstrang and Beauxbatons will arrive the following Friday. Ernie Macmillan runs off to tell Cedric Diggory. Ron expresses dismay that Cedric could be the Hogwarts' champion, but Hermione says he is a good student and a Hufflepuff Prefect. Ron accuses her of liking him because he is handsome.

The next week, much of the Castle is cleaned, and teachers are tense that the visitors might discover that some Hogwarts students are not quite up to standard. On the 30th, the day the representatives are to arrive, the Great Hall is decorated with silk banners representing the four Houses. At breakfast, Ron and Harry interrupt the twins who are discussing what to do about someone who does not answer them. Hermione mentions that the champions will be judged on how well they perform the set tasks and that three House Heads, among others, will be the judges. She then notes indignantly that A History of Hogwarts fails to mention that the school enslaves over a hundred House-elves. Her diatribe is interrupted by arriving post owls, including Hedwig bearing Sirius' reply. Sirius says he is back in the country and well hidden. He does not believe Harry's most recent letter that everything is fine now ("Nice try, Harry!") and advises Harry to use different owls for future messages. Hermione points out that Hedwig, a snowy owl, is too easily noticed.

Classes end a half hour early, and the students are marshaled outside the Entrance Hall. At dusk, the Beauxbatons representative arrives in a giant flying carriage pulled by enormous winged horses. Emerging from the carriage, the headmistress, Madam Maxime is revealed to be as large as Hagrid. After Professor Dumbledore greets her, she takes her students inside Hogwarts where it is warm. Dumbledore assures her Hagrid is quite capable of tending to the horses, although Madame Maxime expresses some concern.

Durmstrang arrives in an apparently derelict sailing ship, surfacing from beneath the lake. Headmaster Igor Karkaroff warmly greets Dumbledore and asks if they can proceed immediately into the Castle. Viktor, he says, has a slight cold. As they pass, Ron recognizes that "Viktor" is the Bulgarian Quidditch Seeker, Victor Krum.

[edit] Analysis

Harry has a a rather juvenile belief that writing to Sirius will always solve his problems; it does not, but finally having someone he can reach out to for help provides the comfort and security as well as family that has been lacking from his life. Harry realizes that any communication with Sirius, who is a hunted fugitive, is risky. Hermione chastising Harry for "lying" in his letter, even though Harry is only trying to protect Sirius, shows that she is persisting in rather two-dimensional, child-like thinking. Hermione strictly follows rules without questioning them, and it hardly occurs to her that telling the truth could actually be harmful. To her thinking, rules provide a safe, predictable outcome—breaking them leads to disorder and consequences. However, Hermione has broken rules and bent the truth in the past when she strongly believed it served a greater purpose, indicating that she is developing a more independent and analytical personality. This also creates a conflict within herself regarding her need for conformity and acceptance, although her growing maturity is gradually overcoming this, and it is why she has taken the first steps to challenge the entire wizarding world defending House-elves. Ron, meanwhile, is unknowingly developing a romantic interest in Hermione, and appears to become jealous when he suspects she is attracted to the handsome Cedric Diggory.

Sirius returning to England shows how devoted he is to his godson, although Harry is now terrified that he has endangered his godfather. But Sirius willingly risks his own freedom to ensure that Harry is safe. And though Sirius will sometimes be an imperfect role model to Harry, his actions show that he is a protective and loving guardian who willingly and responsibly assumed his parenting responsibilities.

Hogwarts is in an uproar as preparations are underway for the Durmstrang and Beauxbatons arrivals. The three schools could not be more different from one another, with Durmstrang representing a darker masculine personality, while the Beauxbatons have a more serene, feminine persona (although there are male students); Hogwarts embodies all these traits. Whether their interactions can build harmony or instead create discord will be tested. And although Dumbledore revived the Triwizard Tournament to unify the three schools, it also places him under immense pressure to present Hogwarts, and its teachers and students, in the best possible fashion. Being the host institution is a disadvantage, however. The Beauxbatons and Durmstrang schools remain unseen, and they can showcase only their brightest and most accomplished pupils, while Hogwarts and all its staff and students are on full display, even those less adept than others. Enhancing Durmstrang's image is Viktor Krum, the famed Seeker for the Bulgarian team that played in the Quidditch World Cup Final, although Harry is equally famous. Krum, an international sports star, is an unexpected surprise, particularly to many excited female students vying for his attention, and to Ron, who idolizes him as a hero. We may suspect, from the preferential treatment he seems to be receiving, that Krum is the favored candidate to become the Durmstrang Triwizard Champion.

It should be noted that the action in the book apparently takes place in 1994 and 1995; but the other schools' arrival date, October 30, 1994, is not a Friday but a Sunday. This does not affect the story in any way; the discrepancy is noted only as a curiosity rather than as something the scholar should be concerned with. It may be worth mentioning, however, that the book is internally consistent; every date for which a day of the week is mentioned is off by two days.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Is Hermione correct that Harry is lying to Sirius in his letter? What does Harry say?
2. Why does Hermione object to Professor Moody teaching the Unforgivable Curses, even though Dumbledore gave his approval to do so? What is Moody's response?
3. Why do the teachers fear that some Hogwarts students will fail to impress the Durmstrang and Beauxbatons visitors? Do Durmstrang and Beauxbatons have an advantage over Hogwarts in this regard? If so, how?
4. Why does Ron consider Hufflepuff student, Cedric Diggory, an unsuitable competitor for the Triwizard Tournament? Is he correct?
5. What does Hermione have to say regarding Ron's objection to Cedric as a Champion, and why does Ron disagree with her opinion?

[edit] Further Study

1. How can Sirius, a hunted fugitive, help Harry by returning to England? Is his decision to return wise or reckless, or even both?
2. Why does Hermione choose to remain in class, even though Moody gives her permission to be excused during the Unforgivable Curses demonstration?
3. Why does Professor Trelawney continually praise Ron and Harry for their increasingly outlandish predictions, even though none come true? What does this say about Trelawney's abilities as the Divination teacher?
4. Why did no one know that the World Cup Quidditch champion, Viktor Krum, is still a student?

[edit] Greater Picture

While this has not been stated anywhere in the books so far, we have an informal belief that there is something odd about Hagrid; he is too large and hairy to be believed to be fully human, and his size seems, so far, unique in the Wizarding world. It is a partial relief to discover, with Madam Maxime's arrival, that he is not the only one so oversized. It is hardly surprising that Hagrid, upon seeing Madam Maxime for the first time, is instantly smitten, and it seems appropriate that they eventually start spending time together. This will cause some difficulty, however; while Hagrid admits, privately, to Madame Maxime that he is half-Giant, she denies that part of her heritage, and is insulted when Hagrid suggests that she has some Giant in her background. This also causes further difficulty as Hagrid is overheard by Rita Skeeter, who publishes his confession in the Daily Prophet. As Giants are still large, fierce, and destructive, this creates a certain backlash against Hagrid's employment and causes Hagrid to tender his resignation as Care of Magical Creatures teacher. Dumbledore, of course, refuses to accept Hagrid's resignation, and many other students and staff come to his support.

Readers should probably note that Snape is emphasizing antidotes in his Potions class this year. While they only play a small part in this book, some of what Harry learns here may be useful in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, when Ron is accidentally poisoned. It is true that Harry fears being deliberately poisoned by Snape, as Snape proposes to use that technique to test the students' antidotes, but he escapes that possibility due to the Weighing of the Wands ceremony.

The Skrewts will remain puzzling to Harry; in the end, there are only two left, and in the final Task maze, Harry will encounter and disable one. It is never determined what they eat, and it is suggested that these are a new hybrid of two existing species. Apart from the ongoing travails regarding their care, however, they play a minor role in the story. Interestingly, Draco challenges Hagrid over how he handles the Skrewts, which causes Hagrid to stand up to him. Harry seems to think Hagrid is showing an uncharacteristic amount of backbone in this instance.

Chapter 16: The Goblet of Fire

[edit] Synopsis

Ron is stunned that the greatest Quidditch Seeker in the world, Victor Krum, is still in school. The students struggle to get into the Great Hall to get his autograph. The Beauxbatons representatives are seated at the Ravenclaw table. Despite Ron's efforts, the Durmstrang students sit with Slytherin. Harry wonders why Filch is setting out four extra chairs, as only two Headmasters have arrived, but the Headmasters enter the hall, interrupting his thoughts. Professor Dumbledore welcomes each guest and the feast begins.

The House-elves have produced a larger variety of dishes than usual, including some French ones which Hermione recognizes and recommends. Ron refuses to try any, preferring English cooking instead. A Beauxbatons girl with long blonde hair asks if they are finished with the bouillabaise. Ron is unable to answer, but Harry says she can go ahead. As she leaves, Ron remarks that she must be part Veela. Hermione disagrees, but many Hogwarts boys seem affected by her the way Ron is. Hermione notices that the two extra chairs at head table are now occupied by Ludo Bagman and Bartemius Crouch.

When dinner is over, Professor Dumbledore rises to explain the Triwizard Tournament rules. He then introduces Bagman and Crouch as the judges. Filch brings in an ornate wooden chest containing the Goblet of Fire, a large, roughly-hewn wooden cup that is "full to the brim with dancing, blue-white flames." Dumbledore says that anyone wishing to enter the competition should submit their name to the Goblet within twenty-four hours. At the Hallowe'en Feast, the three champions will be selected. He also says there will be an Age Line surrounding the Goblet preventing anyone under 17-years-old from entering. As they leave the Great Hall, Professor Karkaroff spots Harry and stops and stares in amazement. While he and the Durmstrang students stare at Harry, Professor Moody comes up behind Karkaroff, telling him he is blocking the doorway. Karkaroff is shocked and apparently frightened at seeing Moody and hurries back to the Durmstrang ship.

In the morning, Harry and Ron go early to the Entrance Hall to see the Goblet. A third-year girl says the Durmstrang students have already entered their names but no one from Hogwarts has yet. Fred, George, and Lee Jordan arrive and try to fool the age line, but fail, Fred and George growing white beards in the process. According to Professor Dumbledore, others have similarly tried and been unsuccessful. Many students place their names in the Goblet throughout the day, including Angelina Johnson, all the Beauxbatons students, and Cedric Diggory.

Harry, Ron, and Hermione go to visit Hagrid. Hermione wants to ask Hagrid to join S.P.E.W., so she gathers up her box of badges, and trailing the Beauxbatons students who have just placed their names into the Goblet, they head to Hagrid's hut. Along the way, they discover that the Beauxbatons students are lodging in their giant carriage. Hagrid is quite the sight. He has apparently attempted to tame his wild hair with massive quantities of what looks like axle grease, and he is wearing his best suit. Stunned by Hagrid's finery, Hermione, at a loss for words, asks about the Skrewts. They have begun killing each other, but Hagrid has saved about twenty and is keeping them in separate boxes. They discuss the Tournament. Hagrid knows something about the tasks but can say nothing. He gently declines Hermione's offer to join S.P.E.W., explaining that it is House-elves' nature to serve wizards, and they are happy as they are; it would be a disservice to free them. For the Hallowe'en feast, Hagrid has put on some eau de cologne, but he has rather overdone it. While washing it off in the rain barrel outside, he glimpses Madame Maxime and her students heading to the castle. He hurries off to join her, leaving Harry, Ron, and Hermione alone in his hut to speculate that he must be sweet on Madame Maxime.

Following the feast, the Goblet of Fire selects the three Triwizard Champions. The Goblet has chosen Viktor Krum for Durmstrang. The Beauxbatons champion is Fleur Delacour, the girl Ron suspects is part Veela. The Hogwarts' champion is Cedric Diggory, a Hufflepuff. And then, only a few moments later, the Goblet unexpectedly ejects a fourth name . . . Harry Potter.

[edit] Analysis

Dumbledore's intention to integrate Beauxbatons and Durmstrang with Hogwarts students to foster lasting friendships and alliances may not be going exactly as planned; divisions are already forming as Durmstrang, which has an affinity for the Dark Arts, mostly fraternizes with Slytherins, while the rather snobbish Beauxbatons align themselves with the intellectual (and presumably more cultured and aloof) Ravenclaws. The visitors appear to take little interest in either the Hufflepuff or Gryffindor Houses, despite Ron's incessant overtures to Durmstrang to join their table and the famous Harry Potter being a Gryffindor. Considering that Voldemort supporters are mostly former Slytherins and Karkaroff may have Death Eater ties, Durmstrang's affiliation with Slytherin House seems inevitable and could potentially benefit Voldemort by recruiting new followers rather than opponents. With this possible connection, it is curious why Durmstrang was invited to compete in the Triwizard competition, although it may not entirely have been Dumbledore's decision, and the Ministry still believes Voldemort is dead and therefore poses no threat. Regardless, Dumbledore must also have a particularly strong faith that Karkaroff has fully renounced any Death Eater ties he may have had. However, it may take some effort on Dumbledore's part to persuade the students to step outside their familiar "comfort zones" and interact with others different from themselves.

Although most everyone is surprised that Viktor Krum is a Durmstrang student, Karkaroff seems just as amazed that Harry attends Hogwarts. While this has never been kept secret, it may not be general knowledge outside Great Britain. Durmstrang, however, is far more clandestine. Karkaroff is equally stunned to discover "Mad Eye" Moody at Hogwarts, and, judging from his fearful reaction, it can be assumed that Moody, a former Auror, may be an old nemesis and that Karkaroff, like Snape, has a Death Eater past.

It appears that love, or at least infatuation, is running rampant at Hogwarts. Although little is known about the Hogwarts teachers' personal lives, and all have apparently remained unattached, it seems that the lonely Hagrid may have found love when he becomes smitten with Madame Maxime. And though Madame Maxime is similarly sized to Hagrid, her refined elegance may be at odds with Hagrid's rather uncouth nature, although he is attempting to make a good impression. We are also seeing budding romantic feelings in Harry, Ron, and Hermione, among others.

Hagrid's refusal to join S.P.E.W. is interesting for two reasons. First, Hagrid shows that many wizards believe House-elves are treated well and generally are happy with their station in life. And secondly, Hagrid says that it is in House-elves nature to serve wizards. This could imply that House-elves may have freely entered into servitude, but at some point in history, wizards could have gained an advantage that allowed them to turn elves into slaves. This may have been achieved through selective breeding and magical mind manipulation. It is also possible Elves became domesticated naturally over time. Despite how this relationship evolved, we will see in later chapters that House-elves seem genuinely happiest when they have masters to serve, which apparently confirms what Hagrid is saying here. It is debatable then as to how well House-elves could, or would, adapt to sudden and unexpected new-found freedom.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. What might account for Ron's attraction to Fleur Delacour?
2. Why has Hagrid suddenly changed his appearance?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Karkaroff have such a strong reaction to seeing "Mad Eye" Moody at Hogwarts?
2. It is no secret that Harry is a Hogwarts student. Why is Karkaroff so surprised to see him there?
3. How could Harry's name have been placed into the Goblet of Fire? Why would someone want to enter him?
4. Why does Hagrid decline Hermione's request to join S.P.E.W.?
5. Why do Beauxbaton students prefer to sit at Ravenclaw's table while Durmstrang seats themselves with Slytherin in the Great Hall? What does this say about the foreign students and also about the Gryffindor and Hufflepuff Houses?
6. Why does Ron invite Durmstrang students to sit with Gryffindor but ignores Beauxbatons?
7. Why does Ron feel it is permissible for him to be attracted to Fleur, but becomes upset when he suspects Hermione notices someone?

[edit] Greater Picture

While initially it may seem that Harry and Krum, who are equally famous in the Wizarding world, would consider each other rivals, for Harry, having someone as well-known as himself at Hogwarts actually helps lessen the unwanted spotlight that constantly shines on him. And though Krum may relish fame while Harry shuns it, Krum is secure enough as a person, as well as being a gracious guest, that he never attempts to undermine Harry. Although Harry and Krum generally ignore one another, at least initially, there appears to be no animosity or resentment between them, and they will eventually establish a friendly relationship. It should be noted that Harry and Krum's celebrity is quite different and almost opposite from one another. Destiny forced fame upon Harry as an infant, and ever since, his life has been dictated by that fate rather than from his own deliberate actions or desires. He has, however, learned to make choices from within that pre-determined scenario. In contrast, Krum, a gifted athlete, consciously chose his own path and made calculated decisions that led to his becoming an idolized world-class Quidditch player. He also did so from an age when he better understood the realities and consequences of achieving his goals. It is perhaps these differences that allow Harry and Krum to become friendly competitors rather than bitter opponents.

Students are struggling with romantic dilemmas, many for the first time, and their initial awkward attempts at romance are both amusing and painful. Harry, naive about girls in general, experiences his first crush when he is attracted to Cho Chang, who seems to reciprocate his interest but is actually dating someone else. Ginny Weasley, still harboring unrequited feelings for Harry, has apparently accepted that Harry will probably never be interested in her and is moving on. Much to Hermione's irritation, Ron is attracted to Fleur Delacour, who he suspects is part Veela and which may account for his interest in her. And though Ron apparently feels entitled to notice other girls, he becomes resentful and sullen when he suspects Hermione is interested in Cedric Diggory or any other boy, although it is unlikely that he interprets his feelings as jealousy. Unknown to Hermione, someone other than Cedric has cast his amorous eye upon her.

We should note how Dumbledore worded his instructions when the Goblet is initially presented. While he says here that placing one's name in the Goblet constitutes a binding contract, in the next chapter, Crouch will claim that having one's name ejected from the Goblet constitutes a contract. Though Crouch is present at Dumbledore's speech, he does not contradict him. There will be additional commentary on this wording in the next chapter's analysis.

Chapter 17: The Four Champions

[edit] Synopsis

The first three Champions' announcements were received with applause, but Harry's name is met with stunned silence. To Professor Dumbledore's repeated summons, Harry silently makes his way to the head table, then joins the other champions, Viktor Krum, Fleur Delacour, and Cedric Diggory in the other room. Ludo Bagman bursts in and introduces Harry as the fourth Triwizard champion. Krum is angry, while Cedric seems nonplussed. Fleur Delacour claims it must be a joke, he is too young, but Bagman replies that the age restriction was never in the previous rules and because his name was selected by the Goblet, he is required to compete.

Professor Dumbledore, Mr. Crouch, Madame Maxime, Professor Karkaroff, Professor McGonagall, and Professor Snape enter. Madame Maxime and Professor Karkaroff immediately tax Professor Dumbledore as to how this could have happened. Snape insists Harry must have cheated and that he has broken school rules ever since he arrived at Hogwarts. Dumbledore cuts Snape off, and he asks Harry if he entered his own name or had an older student put it into the Goblet. Harry says he did not. Madame Maxime, convinced he is lying, suggests Dumbledore made a mistake with the age line, although McGonagall disputes this. Karkaroff appeals to the "impartial" judges, Crouch and Bagman. Crouch says the rules are specific, anyone whose name comes from the Goblet is magically bound to compete. Karkaroff demands that they resubmit names into the Goblet until each school has two Champions, but Bagman points out that the Goblet is now extinguished, and it will not reignite until the next Tournament. Karkaroff is threatening to withdraw when Professor Moody enters and reminds Karkaroff that the Durmstrang Champion is bound to compete by the same rules that prevent Harry from quitting. He suggests Harry's name may have been entered in hopes he would die in the Tournament and says someone must have used powerful magic to hoodwink the Goblet into believing Harry was the sole competitor from a fourth school. Karkaroff accuses Moody of looking for plots where none exist

Dumbledore interrupts the heated debate, saying their path is clear; all four Champions must compete. Madame Maxime protests, but when Dumbledore asks for alternatives, she has none. Dumbledore asks Mr. Crouch to brief the Champions on the first task. Looking rather wearied, Mr. Crouch says the first task will test their daring, but they will not be told what it is. It takes place the 24th of November, they are not allowed to ask for or accept help from their teachers, and will be armed with only their wands. Champions will be excused from end-of-year exams, as the Tasks are so difficult.

Seeming concerned by Crouch's appearance, Dumbledore invites Mr. Crouch to spend the night at the castle, but he declines. Dumbledore offers the same invitation to Karkaroff and Madame Maxime, but they are already departing with their respective Champions. Dumbledore suggests Harry and Cedric head to their Houses so they can join the parties that are probably in progress.

On his way to Gryffindor tower, Harry thinks about Moody's words; someone entered him into the Tournament to put him into harm's way. The obvious candidate is Voldemort, and Harry remembers from his dream that Voldemort is apparently plotting to somehow kill him - but how? His musings are cut short when he reaches the Common room. There he immediately becomes the center of a grand celebration, into which his repeated protestations that he did not enter the Tournament are ignored. As quickly as he can, he retreats to his dormitory where he finds Ron. Ron asks the same question, wondering if it was the Cloak that got him across the age line. When Harry repeats that he never put his name into the Goblet, Ron is affronted that Harry refuses to tell him the "truth." Harry is left facing the closed curtains of one of the few people he thought would believe him.

[edit] Analysis

Harry is stunned, but also fearful, when his name is mysteriously selected by the Goblet of Fire, and he once again finds himself mired in unwanted attention and suspicious activities. The Goblet has determined that Harry must compete in the Tournament, disregarding his wishes and overriding the careful precautions and strict rules implemented by the Ministry of Magic, showing how little control they occasionally have over magical matters. Nearly everyone suspects Harry cheated to enter, although reactions are mixed. At this chapter's end, it seems Dumbledore is the only Tournament official who outwardly believes that someone other than Harry entered him, though Moody, who suspects there is a dark plot to murder Harry, and possibly McGonagall, seem to share his opinion. Karkaroff and Madame Maxime, the foreign outsiders, are certain that Dumbledore and the Ministry rigged the Tournament in Hogwarts' favor, while Mr. Crouch only seems concerned about following the rules. Ludo Bagman apparently views the upheaval as vastly amusing. Harry may have other concerns; although he is a talented young wizard, he is several years younger than the other champions and lacks the experience and advanced training they have. He will have to work hard to master new spells they likely already know. Meanwhile, Ron, who continues to fawn over Viktor Krum, grows increasingly resentful over Harry's celebrity, although Ron is perhaps bothered more by his own perceived inability to stand out in any significant way. Ron believes Harry somehow bypassed the age restriction line and, unconcerned whether or not Harry cheated, feels betrayed because he thinks Harry did not confide in him. Despite Harry's unfaltering friendship and confidence in him, Ron convinces himself that Harry is only concerned with seeking more fame and attention, further straining their friendship.

Bartemius Crouch's odd behavior should be noted. He appears to be acting woodenly and unable to display even the minimal fluidity that he normally has. In particular:

• Mr. Crouch states that if someone's name is ejected from the Goblet, they are required to compete in the Tournament. The rule-book wording almost certainly states that any person entering their name into the Goblet must compete if they are selected. The previous evening, Professor Dumbledore had mentioned to the students that, "The placing of your name in the Goblet constitutes a binding magical contract"; however, Mr. Crouch neglects to mention this.
• Mr. Crouch avoids firelight, possibly to prevent people from seeing him acting differently than usual, and he says almost nothing; when he does step into the light, he looks old and tired, possibly ill, to the point where Dumbledore is concerned.
• Mr. Crouch declines a drink, making a thin excuse to leave Hogwarts.
• Professor Moody appears in the room very quickly, in theory to keep a closer eye on Karkaroff, but quite possibly to keep a better handle on the situation unfolding with Mr. Crouch.

It should also be mentioned that Karkaroff is, at least in Moody's eyes, a suspicious character. Though Harry has not yet had this confirmed, he is beginning to suspect that Karkaroff was, or still is, a Death Eater. In the previous chapter, Karkaroff was stunned to see Harry at Hogwarts; Moody seems to think that there might be buried hatred, or perhaps not buried so deeply.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why are some Tournament officials (Snape, Karkaroff, Madame Maxine, etc.) convinced Harry cheated or refuse to consider that he might be an innocent victim?
2. Why does Ron believe that Harry really entered his own name in the Goblet? Has Harry ever lied to Ron before?
3. Why aren't the Champions told what the first task will be?

[edit] Further Study

1. Professor Dumbledore is very careful in his questions: he asks if Harry put his own name into the Goblet, or had an older student do it for him. Why did he not ask him if a non-student did this?
2. Why did Dumbledore not comment when Mr. Crouch gave a different interpretation of the rules than Dumbledore had the previous evening?
3. Why is Mr. Crouch only concerned with following the rules, rather than investigating that the Tournament may have been tampered with or there could be a plot against Harry?
4. Why does Ludo Bagman seem unconcerned about Harry being mysteriously entered into the Tournament?

[edit] Greater Picture

We will find, early in the next chapter, that it is not only Dumbledore and Moody who believe Harry was entered into this contest against his will. Hagrid and Hermione also are convinced that Harry was railroaded into it. It is interesting to note the reason for this conclusion: Harry's expression revealed that it was an unwelcome and utter surprise when his name was called. Ron, watching Harry at the same time, failed to perceive what Hermione did; this is another indication, if one is needed, of Ron's jealousy and resentment adding to his already ongoing lack of emotional sensitivity. There is, of course, a very good reason why Moody believes Harry from the very beginning.

Ludo Bagman has no involvement in the plot to enter Harry into the Triwizard Tournament, but he immediately uses the upset as an opportunity to make money by betting heavily on Harry to win. It is probable that Ludo hopes to win enough to pay off his gambling debts from the Quidditch World Cup. And though Ludo will continually offer Harry advice to help win each challenge, Harry always refuses. Unknown to Harry, however, others are secretly working to ensure his victory.

It is also interesting how easily "Moody" stays in character. Barty probably had little time to study the real Moody before overpowering him and assuming his identity; yet he always acts in an extremely convincing manner and knows things that only Moody would. Additionally, he is, to a certain extent, controlling the real Moody while in character. It is possible, although unlikely, that there is some Legilimency going on here; at the book's conclusion, Barty is easily captured, and, arguably, if he were a Legilimens, he would have been reading Harry's mind, and seen what Harry saw in the foe-glass. It is much more likely that, apart from having the real Moody under the Imperius curse, he is periodically dosing the real Moody with Veritaserum and quizzing him on what he knows.

Not only does Barty remain in character as Moody so well, he continually shows a rather twisted sense of humor while doing it. As Moody, he theorizes that there is a "dark plot" against Harry, all while knowing that anything he says is the actual truth, and that everyone will either write him off as being over-reactive and paranoid or unable to prove anything. It is a large clue that it is Moody who suggests how the Goblet was hoodwinked, since, as it turns out, that is what happened, and it was he who had done it.

It should be noted that both Moody and Barty would suspect Karkaroff, Moody because Karkaroff was once a Death Eater, and Barty because, once captured, Karkaroff had named other Death Eaters to save his own skin. Thus Moody distrusting Karkaroff is an easy part for Barty to play.

Chapter 18: The Weighing of the Wands

[edit] Synopsis

Harry wakes up feeling miserable and wanting to talk with Ron, but his bed is empty. He gets dressed and heads to breakfast. Everyone in the Gryffindor Common room cheers as Harry enters, so he heads out the portrait hole. Hermione arrives bearing toast and asks him to take a walk with her. Wanting to avoid the crowd in the Great Hall, Harry accepts. As they stroll around the lake, Hermione says she knew Harry did not enter, from his shocked look when his name was announced. Ron, however, is unconvinced; he is jealous over Harry's fame. Hermione suggests Harry write Sirius about what has happened, though Harry worries that it could risk getting Sirius arrested. Hermione says he will learn about it anyway, and Harry's being in the Tournament may already be in the Daily Prophet. When Harry finishes the letter, Hedwig flies down to deliver it. Sirius had earlier warned Harry that Hedwig is too recognizable, so Harry instead uses a school owl; Hedwig, offended, turns her back on Harry.

During lessons, Harry is unable to avoid other students, and Herbology with the Hufflepuffs is particularly tense. Their House seldom receives any glory, and they feel Harry is stealing what little they had. In Care of Magical Creatures with the Slytherins, Draco Malfoy is his usual insulting self, but he is interrupted by Hagrid telling the students that the Skrewts need exercising. Each student is given a Skrewt on a leash. The Skrewts are now so large that they drag the students around the lawn. Hagrid takes Harry aside to ask if he knows who entered his name. Harry, relieved Hagrid believes him, admits he does not.

Draco's taunts are becoming extremely pointed, and his attacks peak when he starts distributing lapel buttons that alternately display slogans reading, "Support Cedric Diggory – the Real Hogwarts Champion" or "Potter Stinks". When a duel erupts between Harry and Draco, their spells collide in mid-air, hitting two by-standers: Hermione and Goyle. Ron is aghast at Hermione's injury. Professor Snape appears, demanding to know what is going on. He sends Goyle to the Hospital Wing, but claims to see nothing wrong with Hermione, who leaves in tears. Harry and Ron both shout at Snape over his indifferent treatment towards Hermione. When the echoes die away, Snape penalizes Gryffindor House fifty points and Harry and Ron each receive a detention.

In Potions, Snape begins lecturing about antidotes, saying that they will be testing one in class. Colin Creevey enters, saying that Harry has been summoned by Ludo Bagman. The Champions are to have their pictures taken. With ill grace, Snape releases Harry, who follows Colin to a small classroom where Ludo Bagman, a photographer, a witch Harry has never seen before, and the other champions are waiting. Bagman tells Harry this is the Wand Weighing ceremony, to verify that their wands are in good working order. Bagman introduces the witch as Rita Skeeter, a reporter writing a story for the Daily Prophet. Rita takes Harry aside into a broom closet and, producing a Quick-Quotes Quill, starts interviewing him. Harry answers as best he can, but notices that the Quill records his comments inaccurately. Before he can do anything about it, the closet door opens and Professor Dumbledore asks Rita to allow Harry to return, as the wand weighing is about to start.

Back in the classroom with the five judges – Bagman, Mr. Crouch, Igor Karkaroff, Madame Maxime, and Professor Dumbledore, the Champions are introduced to Mr. Ollivander. Ollivander examines the four Champions' wands. First up is Fleur, whose wand is rosewood and contains a Veela hair in its core, which Fleur says is her grandmother's. Ollivander goes on to test Cedric's wand (ash and unicorn's tail hair), Krum's (hornbeam and dragon heartstring), and Harry's (holly and phoenix feather). Ollivander declares them all in perfect working order. The Daily Prophet photographer makes a big fuss over taking the Champions' pictures with the judges. Afterwards, Harry goes to dinner, and returning to his dormitory, finds Ron, who tells him he has received an owl. He also says that their detentions are set for tomorrow night in Snape's dungeon. When he leaves, Harry wants to chase after him, but Sirius' letter is a greater lure. Sirius writes that he has more to say than is safe by owl post, and he asks Harry to be alone by the Gryffindor fireplace at 1:00 a.m on 22 November. He adds that Harry's participation in the Tournament is risky, but he should be safe as long as Dumbledore and Moody are there. However, Sirius believes someone wants to harm Harry.

[edit] Analysis

Harry has become a near outcast among many students, especially Hufflepuff, who seldom excel in anything and now feel that Harry has deliberately undermined their Champion, Cedric Diggory, thus lessening their House's chances for acclaim. The only student who believes someone else entered him in the Tournament is Hermione. Harry feels alienated, just as he did during his second year when many believed he was the Heir of Slytherin and responsible for the attacks on Muggle-borns. At least Ron was on his side then, but without his support now, his peers' disdain is almost unbearable. Ironically, even though most Gryffindor students believe Harry cheated to enter the Tournament, they are ecstatic that a Champion represents their House, contentedly basking in Harry's reflected glory and unperturbed with how or why he was entered. They also seem unconcerned or oblivious that Harry could be in mortal danger. And though Harry is uncomfortable at having more unwanted attention heaped on him and upset over being called a cheater, especially by Ron, he is nonetheless excited about competing in the Tournament; it is an opportunity to impress Cho Chang.

Hagrid and Hermione also believe that Harry has been railroaded into the Tournament. It is interesting to note Hermione's reason for her conclusion: she could see from Harry's shocked expression when his name was announced that it was an unwelcomed and utter surprise. Ron was also watching Harry, but he failed to perceive what Hermione did; this is another indication, if one is needed, of Ron's immaturity and ongoing lack of emotional sensitivity.

The widening rift with Ron actually brings Harry closer to Hermione. Although Harry has always considered her a close friend, he has never felt quite the same about Hermione as he does Ron. This is hardly surprising, as Harry would naturally feel more at ease among his own gender. Now, however, Hermione not only fills a void, but assumes a new role, demonstrating her unwavering loyalty, trust, and support while never doubting Harry's word as others often do, including Ron. Despite Hermione's somewhat overbearing and bossy nature, she is always concerned over Harry and Ron's well-being; she offers solid, logical, if overly cautious, advice, although Harry and Ron have tended to be dismissive, especially if it interfered with their (sometimes prohibited) activities. Without Ron's presence, however, Harry is more receptive to her input. And though Harry has yet to consider Hermione fully equal to Ron, her trust and loyalty never falter throughout the entire series. Hermione and Harry also share much in common: both were raised as Muggles, learning about their magical abilities late in childhood and having to adapt to a strange, new world. Also, each being an only-child creates a stronger bond between them, and they gradually, and perhaps unknowingly, become as brother and sister, whereas Ron, who has many siblings, mostly considers Harry a "best friend."

Harry has his first encounter with Rita Skeeter, a reporter he already knows by her less-than-stellar reputation. She immediately isolates Harry for an interview, rendering him virtually powerless as she pumps him for information and purposely misquotes him, despite his protests; even before interviewing Harry, she has apparently pre-fabricated just how he will be portrayed in her embarrassingly inaccurate article in which she mentions nothing about the other Champions, causing Harry further despair. Skeeter not only shows here how a single individual can abuse the truth, causing immense personal damage, but she also represents how easily a powerful entity like the news media can insidiously manipulate the general public's opinions and perceptions with calculated lies and manufactured misconceptions on a much grander scale.

The analysis of Fleur's wand confirms Ron's suspicions that she is part Veela. The hair forming its core belonged to her grandmother, making her one-quarter Veela.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Hermione encourage Harry to write to his godfather, despite the risk to Sirius?
2. Why is Hufflepuff House particularly upset that Harry is a Triwizard Champion?
3. Why are the wands weighed and inspected?
4. Why does Sirius think it is safe for Harry to compete in the Tournament, even though he believes someone wants to harm him?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why are Gryffindor students so ecstatic that Harry is a Champion, even though they believe he cheated to enter the Tournament? Why do most other Hogwarts students treat him as an outcast?
2. Considering her reputation, why is Rita Skeeter allowed to interview the Champions?
3. Why does Snape send Goyle to the Hospital Wing, but not Hermione? Why is she so upset?

[edit] Greater Picture

The author once again draws the reader's attention to Snape teaching about antidotes. And though Harry dislikes Potions, mostly because Snape makes it so miserable for him, his knowledge about this subject will prove crucial in the sixth book, Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.

It should be noted that though a rift developed between Harry and Hermione following Harry's Firebolt being confiscated, it was entirely Harry's decision to avoid her; Hermione has stayed a true friend to Harry throughout, and will continue to do so until the series' end. In this chapter Ron has allowed jealousy to create a rift between him and Harry, and it continues until Ron realizes Harry's life really is at risk. During their secret mission in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Ron will desert Harry and Hermione, on what might be considered petty matters, keeping Trio separated for some months. It is reasonable to assume that Ron's behavior is intended to reflect his character and immaturity relative to Harry and Hermione.

Chapter 19: The Hungarian Horntail

[edit] Synopsis

When the shock of being a Champion wears off, Harry starts worrying about the first task. It is comforting that he will soon talk with Sirius, and he and Hermione figure out ways to clear the common room before 1:00 a.m. But things become more difficult for him after Rita Skeeter's story about the Tournament is published. Unfortunately, it mostly contains embarrassing and false information about Harry, including that he and Hermione are in love. Harry hopes he and Ron will reconcile during detention with Professor Snape, but it is the same day that the article comes out, fueling Ron's belief that Harry only seeks more publicity. About the only high point is when Cho Chang stops by to wish him luck. But even then, he gets off on the wrong foot, snapping at her because he mistakenly thinks she is also poking fun at him.

Harry is still having difficulty mastering the Summoning charm, and he practices it with Hermione in the library. Curiously, and to Hermione's annoyance, Victor Krum seems to frequently be in there, along with a clutch of girls following him about, hoping to get his autograph.

The Saturday before the first task is a Hogsmeade weekend. Hermione suggests they go, and, when pressed, admits she is hoping to meet up with Ron in the Three Broomsticks. Harry vetoes that part of the idea, and says he will go but only under his Invisibility Cloak. Hermione protests but agrees, and once he is in Hogsmeade, Harry is delighted he can travel without people hurling snide remarks at him. Hermione says he should remove the cloak because there is nobody there who will bother him, but Harry points out that Rita Skeeter and her photographer just left the Three Broomsticks. It appears she is staying in the village. Harry suggests she is there to watch the First Task.

Hermione steers them into The Three Broomsticks, telling Harry he does not have to talk to Ron, who is sitting with Fred, George and Lee Jordan. Hermione brings Harry a Butterbeer, then spreads out her notes about S.P.E.W. to avoid looking silly sitting by herself. They suddenly notice Hagrid. As big as he is, they had overlooked him earlier because he was crouched, talking to Professor Moody. He stands, preparing to leave. Harry waves, then realizes that Hagrid cannot see him, but Moody pokes Hagrid in the back, and they both come over and say hello to Hermione. In an undertone, Moody says "Nice cloak, Potter." Harry realizes that Moody's magical eye can penetrate Invisibility Cloaks. Before leaving, Hagrid asks Harry to be at his hut at midnight with his cloak.

Harry is meeting Sirius by the Gryffindor fireplace that night but decides he can quickly visit Hagrid and be back by 1:00 a.m. At midnight, he slips down to Hagrid's, who takes the cloaked Harry to the Beauxbatons carriage. There he meets Madame Maxime. Harry, very confused, trails behind Hagrid and Madame Maxime around the Forbidden Forest's edge, finally coming to a large corral containing four full-grown dragons. Wizards have to Stun the dragons to calm them. Charlie Weasley, Ron's older brother, comes over to talk to Hagrid. He is concerned about allowing Madame Maxime to see the dragons, but Hagrid says he just thought she would be interested. Harry heads back to the castle, bumping into Professor Karkaroff, who is checking out the tumult. Evidently, assuming Madame Maxime and Professor Karkaroff will talk to their respective Champions, Cedric is the only Champion unaware of the dragons.

Returning to an empty common room, Harry finds Sirius' head floating in the fireplace flames. Harry relates everything that has happened, but Sirius says there are other concerns. Karkaroff, for one, was a Death Eater, but was released from Azkaban, possibly because he provided names to the Ministry. He suggests that could be why Moody is at Hogwarts; it was Moody who arrested Karkaroff. While Skeeter's story implied the attack on Moody the night before he left for Hogwarts was a false alarm, Sirius thinks it was meant to scare Moody from taking the job. And Bertha Jorkins, the Ministry official who vanished in Albania, which is also where Voldemort was last believed to be, would have known about the Tournament and could have somehow tipped off Voldemort. Sirius also says that Stunning spells are ineffective against dragons, but before he can say what would work, Harry hears someone coming down the stairs and warns Sirius to vanish. Ron appears, and he and Harry quarrel, causing Harry to storm off to bed.

[edit] Analysis

In his conversation with Sirius, Harry learns that Karkaroff was a Death Eater; he revealed other Death Eaters' names to avoid Azkaban. Moody believes he never really recanted and abandoned Dark magic only because he feared severe punishment. He suspects Karkaroff secretly remains devoted to the Dark Lord and would willingly rejoin Voldemort given the opportunity. When Moody first suggested that someone may have entered Harry into the Tournament in order to kill him, the ensuing silence is possibly because there is an unspoken accusation against Karkaroff. However, Karkaroff had seemed genuinely surprised that Harry was even a student at Hogwarts, indicating he is unlikely involved in a pre-planned plot.

Cedric Diggory being the only Champion who is unaware that the first task involves dragons not only reveals much about his character, but also Hufflepuff House. This House, while seldom receiving much glory or producing many notable students, is known for valuing hard work, honesty, and fairness. It appears, however, that these virtues have put Diggory at a disadvantage here, as the other Champions, including Harry, have uncovered valuable information that make them more competitive. Although the Champions are supposed to perform the tasks without any outside assistance and cheating is strictly prohibited, there seems to be an unspoken tradition and expectation that some underhandedness occurs. Harry, despite being a talented wizard, knows he needs help and freely uses what Hagrid shows him, listens to the (interrupted) advice from Sirius, will take a "hint" from Moody, and is coached by Hermione, all to help him develop a strategy, although it could be argued that this is not technically cheating. Cedric, meanwhile, apparently does little or nothing as he patiently awaits the first event, completely clueless regarding what it entails. Even though Hufflepuff's traits are admirable, their integrity can also breed complacency and naivete, as well as shows a certain lack of ingenuity and initiative, thus allowing their more resourceful (and somewhat devious) opponents to seize the advantage. This may be why Cedric, despite having many outstanding abilities, was sorted into this House.

As Sirius mentions, the supposed attack on Moody at his home, which the Ministry wrote off as a false alarm, actually did occur the night before his departure for Hogwarts and, knowing his paranoid nature, was probably meant to scare him away from there. There is now evidence that Bertha Jorkin's disappearance could be tied to Voldemort, and that he could have somehow extracted information from her (either willingly or unwillingly on her part) about the Triwizard Tournament being held at Hogwarts. Ministry officials, meanwhile, have still not taken any action regarding poor Bertha's whereabouts, continuing to pass it off to her simply "forgetting" to return from her holiday.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why is Cedric Diggory the only Champion who is unaware that the first event involves dragons? What does this say about his character and also about Hufflepuff House in general?
2. Why did Harry think Cho Chang was teasing him? Was she?
3. Why does the Ministry believe that the attack at Moody's home was only a "false alarm," while Sirius thinks it was not?
4. Could there be a link between Bertha Jorkins' disappearance and Voldemort's last known whereabouts? Explain.
5. Why does Sirius think Moody was hired as the Defensive Arts teacher?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Viktor Krum spend so much time at the library? Who does it annoy and why?
2. Why is Harry having so much troubling learning a simple spell like the Summoning charm?
3. Why, after such a long absence, does the Ministry continue to believe that Bertha Jorkins simply "forgot" to come back to work?
4. Could Bertha Jorkins' disappearance be tied to Harry and the Triwizard Tournament, or is the author purposely misleading the reader with false clues? Explain.

[edit] Greater Picture

Although Sirius correctly speculates that the incident at Moody's house is somehow tied to Voldemort, he failed to realize that rather than it being an attempt to scare Moody away from Hogwarts, it was actually a kidnapping plot to replace the real Moody with the impostor, Barty Crouch, Jr. If Barty (as Moody) is correct that Karkaroff is still a Death Eater and loyal to Voldemort, he may see him as a potential ally at Hogwarts. However, Voldemort rarely, if ever, forgives those who have betrayed him or his followers, and Barty may well be targeting Karkaroff to avenge his fellow Death Eaters. Curiously, Barty never shares his opinion about Snape.

Early on, Cedric Diggory, a decent and honest young wizard, seems to lack initiative and inventiveness, although this changes as he competes in the Triwizard Tournament. Harry tips off Cedric about the dragons for this first Task, but their situations are reversed in the second challenge when Harry needs another helpful push. A magical Egg, captured by each Champion during the first event, holds a vital clue to completing the next task. However, Harry, who often procrastinates until he is prodded, does little to decipher its hidden meaning while Cedric quickly solves the riddle. In gratitude for Harry's previous help, Cedric gives him a valuable hint. In this case, Cedric's honesty and fairness are not a disadvantage and shows that Hufflepuff's attributes can be used effectively. It is likely that, given time, Cedric's talents would have far exceeded Hufflepuff's usual standards. Unfortunately, this opportunity will tragically be cut short.

Chapter 20: The First Task

[edit] Synopsis

The next morning, Harry drags Hermione off for another walk around the lake, during which he relates what he learned from Hagrid and what Sirius told him. They return to the library, looking for a simple spell that will defeat a dragon, but their search is fruitless. Krum's arrival in the library annoys Hermione, and she and Harry return to the Gryffindor Common room.

On Monday, Harry realizes that only Cedric is unaware that the First Task involves dragons. Sending Hermione on ahead, he trails Diggory through the halls. To get him alone, Harry charms Cedric's bag so that it falls apart. When Cedric stops to pick up his belongings, Harry runs up and tells him about the dragons. Cedric asks why Harry is telling him, and he says that both Fleur and Krum know. Professor Moody appears and sends Cedric to class. He takes Harry to his office and commends him for his fairness. He says cheating is also a Tournament tradition. Moody does not tell Harry how to get past the dragon, but tells him he needs to play to his strengths. Harry believes he has none, apart from Quidditch, but Moody says Harry is a darned good flyer. He suggests using a simple spell to get what he needs. Harry understands, and he tells Hermione he has to learn how to do a proper Summoning charm before the First Task next afternoon. Hermione is adamant about not missing classes, so they practice through lunch and after dinner. Finally, in the Gryffindor Common room at two in the morning, Harry seems to have the spell working properly.

The concentration needed to learn the spell has eased his nerves, but they come back in full force the next day. Professor McGonagall escorts him onto the grounds for the First Task. Harry sees the dragon enclosure and a tent in front of it. The other champions are already inside, along with Ludo Bagman. Ludo has them draw tokens from a bag. Each token represents the item they will face, and their task is to retrieve a golden Egg. Fleur draws a Welsh Green dragon, number 2; Krum, a Chinese Fireball, number 3; Cedric, a Swedish Short-snout, number 1; and Harry, the Hungarian Horntail, number 4. Harry notices from their reactions that the other champions knew what they were facing. Ludo explains that the numbers are the order in which they will compete. He requests a private word with Harry and asks if he is OK or if there is anything he can get for him. Harry says he is fine, he has a plan. The first whistle sounds for Cedric's Task, and Ludo bolts – he is supposed to be commentating.

The waiting is tortuous. Harry can hear the roaring crowd, and the commentating only tantalizes, but it does not tell him what is happening. Finally, it is his turn. He walks into the enclosure and sees the Hungarian Horntail and the golden egg. He casts the Summoning spell, and, to his surprise, his broom arrives. He flies over the dragon's head, baiting it. When it lunges, he swoops down and grabs the Egg. He is not unscathed; the Horntail's tail tagged him, and he is bleeding. As he is attended to in the first aid tent, Hermione and Ron come in. Ron is finally convinced that Harry never cheated to enter the Tournament. Harry acts aloof, but they eventually reconcile. The judges post Harry's scores: 8, 9, 9, 10 (from Ludo), and 4 (from Karkaroff), tying Harry for first place with Krum. Charlie Weasley runs in to congratulate Harry. He says he has to send an owl to Mrs. Weasley to let her know what happened and mentions that Mr. Bagman wants to see all the Champions back in the tent.

When the champions reassemble, Ludo says the next task will take place at half past nine in the morning of February 24th, and that there is a clue in the golden egg that they have just retrieved. He dismisses them, and Harry and Ron head back to the castle. On the way, they run into Rita Skeeter, who asks Harry for a few words; Harry refuses to comment.

[edit] Analysis

Harry attempts to research ways to defeat a dragon, but, in what will become a familiar pattern, he becomes so terrified that he briefly considers running away to the Dursleys, although he quickly abandons this idea. Instead, he accepts help from others, and in this, and nearly all future endeavors, Harry will learn to rely on and trust his friends. This shows that, despite his many talents, he is, in essence, the sum of many parts. And while Harry wants to win the Tournament, he wants to do so without any inequitable advantages. Cedric's ignorance about the Dragons while the other Champions are using ill-gotten information to prepare their strategies represents an uneven playing field to Harry. It would never be a true victory if another Champion was at an unfair disadvantage. Moody commends Harry for his honesty and fairness, which Moody has already shown are traits he values in himself, as well as others. Cedric is also grateful, and it is probably something he himself would have done if their situations had been reversed.

A few additional noteworthy points:

First, Moody seems to be handing the First Task to Harry. While it does take Harry some time to realize what Moody is hinting at, Moody has provided Harry a tool that will serve him better than any other Champion. Whether Moody has any special reason for wanting Harry to win is unknown, although it could be motivated by his concern over how and why Harry was entered into the Tournament.

Second, Ludo makes a clumsy attempt to assist Harry with the challenge, then assigns him a perfect score, which Harry feels is unwarranted. It seems Bagman also wants him to win, but why is unclear.

Finally, Rita Skeeter continually appears from nowhere, even though it is learned later that she has been banned from the school.

It should be noted that the action in the book apparently takes place in 1994 and 1995; but the date of the first task, November 24th 1994, is not a Tuesday but a Thursday, which is consistent with the day of the week mentioned in Chapter 15. This does not affect the story in any way; the fact that there is this conflict is provided more as a curiosity than as something for the scholar to concern himself with.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Harry tell Cedric Diggory about the dragons?
2. Why does Moody give Harry advice about the first task? Is Moody breaking the rules?
3. Why does Harry ignore Ludo Bagman's advice and feel that the high score Ludo gives him is unwarranted?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Ludo Bagman give Harry unsolicited advice and a perfect score?
2. Harry usually masters basic spells quickly. Why then is the Summoning charm so difficult for him to learn?
3. What clue might be hidden in the Golden Egg?

[edit] Greater Picture

Of note, Harry stops reading the dragon book just before the passage containing the spell he needs. The passage he does read aloud from Men Who Love Dragons Too Much goes: "Dragons are extremely difficult to slay, owing to the ancient magic that imbues their thick hides, which none but the most powerful spells can penetrate." The next passage would probably discuss their one weak point, which Sirius later identifies as their eyes. In a later message from Sirius, we learn that if their conversation had not been interrupted, Sirius would have suggested using the Conjunctivitus curse to blind the dragon. This is what Krum did; but the blinded dragon, flailing about, broke some of its own eggs, losing Krum points. Curiously, although Harry observed first-hand how Charlie Weasley and the other handlers subdued and controlled the caged dragons with Stunning spells, he fails to consider how he might use this in his strategy.

We will later learn that Ludo is trying to recoup his losses on the Quidditch World Cup by betting on Harry to win the Tournament. His clumsy attempts to assist Harry, which will be uniformly rejected, are an unethical attempt to influence the Tournament's outcome, made worse because he is a Tournament judge. Moody also intends for Harry to win the Tournament; offering Harry a strategy to complete the First Task is his most overt attempt in his role as a trusted mentor to ensure Harry's victory. Moody's other assistance will be less obvious to Harry, revealed only when Moody explains it after the Third Task.

It is only Harry's inherent honesty and belief in fairness that prompts him to share information about the dragons with Cedric, and also to reject Ludo's proffered assistance. In a future chapter, Cedric rewards Harry for his fairness towards him: when Cedric solves the Egg's riddle, he will pass on an important hint to Harry.

Chapter 21: The House-Elf Liberation Front

[edit] Synopsis

Harry, Ron, and Hermione head to the Owlery to send Sirius a letter reporting Harry's progress in the Tournament. On the way, Harry tells Ron what Sirius told him. Ron, like Hermione, is surprised that Karkaroff was a Death Eater. They adjourn to the victory party in the Gryffindor Common room. Harry, prompted by the other Gryffindors, unlatches the Golden Egg. The inside is hollow, but it emits a loud screeching noise, which frightens Neville: he thinks someone is being tortured. Hermione asks Fred if the party food came from the kitchens. He says it did, imitating a House-elf to demonstrate how easy it was to get it. Hermione asks for directions to the kitchen. Fred tells her, and George asks if she is going to lead a House-elves rebellion. Hermione refrains from answering.

The weather is turning cold and miserable. The Beauxbatons horses are getting their preferred drink, single-malt whisky, but the fumes surrounding Hagrid's hut and the Care of Magical Creatures classes is making the class light-headed. They need their wits about them while tending to the Skrewts. Arriving at Hagrid's hut one day, the students find that Hagrid has prepared nesting boxes for the ten remaining to see if they want to hibernate. They do not, preferring to destroy the boxes and rampage around Hagrid's pumpkin patch. As the Trio and Hagrid round up the last one, the remainder of the class having retreated into Hagrid's hut in fear, Rita Skeeter appears and evinces great interest in the Skrewts; she arranges for an interview with Hagrid later in the week.

Harry and Ron, now reconciled, quietly chortle their way through double Divination, annoying Professor Trelawney. Searching for Hermione later, they check the library, finding Krum. They are just about to enter the Common room when Hermione comes running up, talking about a great discovery she has made. She drags Harry and Ron to a ground-floor corridor; Ron asks if this is spew business, but Hermione says no, and it is not "spew" anyway. Ron sarcastically asks if it is called the House Elf Liberation Front now? Hermione says it has nothing to do with that, and drags them into the kitchen where Harry is greeted by Dobby. Dobby says that Dumbledore has hired him and Winky to work in the Hogwarts household staff. Dobby has only been there a week. It is hard for a House-elf to get paid work, and since he and Winky decided to look together, they thought Hogwarts was likely the only place that would hire them both. Winky feels disgraced, however, and all the other House-elves in the kitchen have distanced themselves from Dobby: House-elves feel it is demeaning to accept payment.

In this conversation, Winky, who is crying, says she believes her master, Mr. Crouch, is a good wizard, but she does not understand how he is getting along without her. She also says Ludo Bagman is a bad wizard, but she will not divulge why, saying she always keeps her masters' secrets, despite Dobby reminding her that he is no longer her master.

Hermione is pleased that Dobby is there. She thinks that if the other Elves see how happy a free Elf is, they may eventually adopt the idea. Harry thinks Winky might prove to be a counter-example, but Hermione says, uncertainly, that she will cheer up as she adapts.

[edit] Analysis

Harry's victory in the first task has helped to lighten his mood considerably, despite the ongoing fears he suffers over his safety and Sirius' freedom. He thoroughly enjoys himself at the Gryffindor celebration, momentarily forgetting his worries while being swept up in his classmates' jubilation. But it is his and Ron's reconciliation that is most meaningful to him. Without Ron's friendship and support, facing the ongoing adversity and uncertainty in his life was nearly unbearable. Unfortunately, it took Harry nearly being killed in the first task for Ron to realize that Harry never cheated or lied, prompting Ron to reconcile with him. This may be a small turning point in Ron's maturation, being able to admit he was wrong and accepting that his abilities and strengths, if he strives to recognize and develop them, will always be different from Harry's.

Neville's terrified reaction to the screeching Egg (believing someone is being tortured) is similar to how he behaved when Professor Moody demonstrated the Cruciatus curse in class; readers learned it is an illegal torturing method. There may may be a connection between these two incidents.

Rita Skeeter constantly appearing as if from nowhere is highly suspicious, not only considering Hogwarts' tight security during the Tournament, but also because it is impossible to Disapparate in or out of the castle and its grounds. Upon seeing her, Ron wonders how she was able to enter despite being banned from Hogwarts, although readers should consider how several other characters have been able to access or exit secure areas undetected. However, preventing Skeeter from interviewing Hagrid quickly becomes a more pressing concern.

This is the first time Hogwarts' kitchen has been seen; like many places in the castle, it is hidden. Not even Dumbledore knows all Hogwarts' secrets, and it is to the Twins' credit that they uncovered its location. However, visiting the kitchen provides Hermione a reality check when she witnesses first-hand just how truly satisfied House-elves are with their indentured lives, at least those at Hogwarts. They are quite literally "happy slaves" who believe their only purpose in life is to freely serve wizards, and they are resistant to change. The only exceptions are Dobby and Winky, who the other House-elves disdain for being paid workers. While Dobby is proud to be a free agent, Winky is ashamed and despondent that she no longer has a wizard family to call her own; as a result, she has become a sad, pathetic alcoholic, still pining for her former master, Mr. Crouch, who cruelly and unjustly dismissed her. Hermione has seen how freedom created immense hardship for Dobby and Winky, and knows how few opportunities there are available for masterless House-elves. Dobby, by his own report, spent a year-and-a-half seeking work; and while the clever Dobby is resourceful and adaptable, Winky likely would never have sought other employment on her own, and, without Dobby's help, probably would have suffered a miserable demise. Only Dumbledore's kindness has saved them both. Regardless, Hermione remains passionately, though rather naively, committed to liberating House-elves, though she gives little thought to just how they can be integrated into the general wizarding population.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Hermione want directions to the kitchen?
2. Why did Dumbledore hire Dobby and Winky?
3. Why do the other House-elves shun Dobby and Winky?
4. Why would Rita Skeeter want to interview Hagrid about Skrewts?
5. Why does Winky remain so loyal to the Crouch family, despite being wrongly fired by Mr. Crouch?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why would Neville think someone is being tortured when he hears the screeching Egg?
2. How can an unintelligible screeching sound be a clue? What might it mean?
3. Why would the kitchen's location be kept secret? How might the Twins have found it?
4. Why might Winky believe that Ludo Bagman is a bad wizard?

[edit] Greater Picture

Given Neville's extreme reaction during Moody's Cruciatus Curse demonstration in Defence Against the Dark Arts class, it is hardly surprising that he believes someone is being tortured when he hears the screeching Egg. In a later chapter, Harry accidentally learns that when Neville was a small child, Death Eaters (including Barty Crouch, Jr.) tortured Neville's parents, Frank and Alice Longbottom, into insanity with the Cruciatus Curse. Their condition is irreversible, and they are permanently committed to St. Mungo's Hospital, where Neville regularly visits them. Neville has never revealed this to anyone, and it is why he lives with his grandmother. Harry will keep Neville's secret to himself, until it is accidentally revealed to Ron, Hermione, and Ginny; this revelation will help create a stronger bond between the two boys.

While Winky's role in the story at this point is somewhat slim, when Barty Crouch Jr. reappears, she will be able to confirm his true identity. Though she does not actually corroborate his story regarding his actions, her presence and her reactions to his account lend truth to his revelations. However, Winky's main purpose here is to highlight Hermione's uphill battle in getting better treatment for House-elves.

Winky's belief that Bagman is a bad wizard will have come from her previous master, Mr. Crouch. Sirius will shortly tell us that Bagman was tried for passing information to Voldemort but was acquitted; Harry, later, will see Bagman's acquittal in Dumbledore's Pensieve. In Dumbledore's memory, Harry will note that Crouch seems disgruntled that Bagman goes unconvicted; he seems to think that Bagman's fame and charisma saves him from Azkaban. Likely he carried that opinion home with him, and Winky adopted it.

Readers may have noticed that Rita Skeeter has somehow reappeared on the school grounds, despite being banned. We will eventually discover that Skeeter is an unregistered Animagus, and likely is entering Hogwarts in her beetle form.

Chapter 22: The Unexpected Task

[edit] Synopsis

In Transfiguration class, Professor McGonagall announces that there is a Yule Ball; afterward, she takes Harry aside, and tells him that the Champions and their partners traditionally open the first dance. Ignoring his protests, McGonagall sternly tells Harry that as a Champion he represents Hogwarts, and he is expected to find a date, learn to dance, and be prepared to lead the schools into the Ball on 25 December.

The Ball is now only one month away. Harry wants to invite Cho Chang, but unable to ever find her alone, he wonders why girls always travel in packs. Ron is also having difficulty finding a date, but he fails to understand why Harry is having trouble—he is a Champion after all. Soon, girls start inviting Harry, including a fifth-year who is significantly taller than him. Life in general seems a bit easier; there are less Support Cedric Diggory buttons visible now and fewer people are laughing at Draco's repetitive slurs. Harry suspects Cedric told his supporters to lay off him.

Rita Skeeter's story about Hagrid has not yet appeared. During Care of Magical Creatures class, Hermione asks Hagrid how the interview with Skeeter went. Hagrid says that she mostly asked about Harry, wanting to know negative things about him. Ron speculates that she is looking for a new angle to her Harry stories. Ron asks if Hagrid is coming to the Ball, and he responds that he intends to drop by for at least a short while.

The week before the Yule Ball is rather tumultuous; many teachers, including Professor Flitwick, have stopped teaching classes, although Professor Binns continues to plough through the Goblin Rebellions, and Professor Snape schedules a test on antidotes for the last day of class. Hermione scolds Harry for neglecting the Egg riddle, but Harry lazily brushes her off, insisting there is still plenty of time. Hermione warns that it could take weeks to figure it out, and he will look foolish if the other Champions have solved it and he has not. When Ron defends Harry, Hermione makes a mocking comment about his hideous dress robes. As they bemoan Snape's lack of Christmas spirit, the Weasley twins appear and ask Ron if they can borrow Pigwidgeon. Ron asks Fred who he is taking to the Ball, who responds he is going with Angelina Johnson. Fred and George then take off to get a school owl.

On the last day of term, Harry and Ron still lack Yule Ball dates. They decide to just grit their teeth and do it. Harry's concentration is shot, and he misses a crucial ingredient in his antidote potion – a bezoar – and receives bottom marks. Running off, he finds Cho coming from class and asks her for a private word. Nervous, awkward, and barely coherent, he invites her to the Ball. Embarrassed, she says she is sorry, but that she is already going with Cedric Diggory.

Utterly defeated, Harry skips dinner and returns to the Gryffindor common room. There he finds Ron looking as bad as he feels. Ginny informs Harry that Ron had just asked Fleur Delacour, who was talking to Cedric Diggory and did not even bother to respond. Harry tells Ron she was probably trying to get Cedric to invite her, but Cedric is going with Cho. Ron says that Neville asked Hermione and was turned down. Ron suggests that if he and Harry are unable to find any girls other than "trolls," then they can always ask Hermione and Ginny to go. Hermione angrily responds that she is unavailable and leaves. Ginny says she is unable to be Harry's date because she is going with Neville, although she looks miserable as she leaves for dinner. Harry sees Parvati Patil and Lavender Brown come in. Harry, now somewhat desperate, invites Parvati. She accepts. He also asks Lavender if she will go with Ron, but she is already going with Seamus. Parvati says her sister, Padma, has not been asked yet, and might be willing. Harry feels that this whole Ball thing is far more work than it is worth.

[edit] Analysis

The Twins are corresponding with someone again; one suspects that they are having little success. When they ask to borrow Pigwidgeon, he is unavailable, having not yet returned from delivering a letter to Sirius. Interestingly, Pigwidgeon takes three weeks for the round trip, even though Sirius is in England.

For Harry, finding Yule Ball dates for him and Ron could be considered "the fourth Triwizard Task," as well as the most daunting. Like most adolescents entering their teen dating years, Hogwarts students are discovering that male-female social relationships are not only complicated, but filled with awkward and embarrassing moments, as well as painful rejections. Although girls are vying to go with him, Harry's inability to adeptly navigate most social situations leaves him either oblivious or disinterested, and he somewhat rudely rebuffs their attention. When he asks Lavender to go with Ron, she giggles—a trait Harry finds annoying and feels should be outlawed. While it is too early for any inference to be made, this may foreshadow Ron and Lavender possibly being paired later. Ron, who is even more socially immature than Harry, is content to let Harry find him a partner after his own miserable attempts failed. When Harry reveals Fleur's Veela ancestry to Ron, he shows little interest, probably because he is still distraught over humiliating himself with her. Ron also invoked Hermione's ire after insultingly suggesting that she and Ginny could go to the Ball as his and Harry's dates only so they can avoid going with "trolls." Ron is stunned that someone has invited Hermione, although she refuses to reveal who, further incensing Ron.

A relationship may be blossoming between Harry and Cho Chang, and, despite his nervous and clumsy invitation, it appears that she was hoping he would ask her to the Ball. Cho genuinely seemed embarrassed and disappointed that she had already accepted Cedric Diggory's invitation. Harry, also disappointed, now feels some rivalry and resentment towards Cedric, emotions previously absent and that actually could help increase Harry's competitiveness.

Harry's faults are also on display here: Although he is disappointed when Cho turns down him down, his reluctance and procrastination in asking her may have been partially responsible, resulting in her accepting Cedric Diggory's invitation. Harry also shows laziness by ignoring the Egg riddle, continually telling others he nearly has it worked out when he has not even begun to work on it. When Hermione chastises him for avoiding it, he defends himself, saying there is still time, never considering that even if he solves it before the next task, there may be additional steps he must prepare for.

Ginny, in this chapter, shows she has matured significantly from the shy, timid, quiet girl we knew in the second book. When Ron starts poking fun at Neville for asking Hermione to the Ball, and indirectly mocks Hermione, apparently to make himself feel a bit better, Ginny has the courage to tell him to stop. Later, when Hermione arrives, Ginny tells her out loud that Harry and Ron were unable to get dates for the Ball. This shows increasing confidence in herself, and significantly less fear of speaking in Harry's presence. Unlike Hermione, however, Ginny appears quite miserable at having to forgo Ron's suggestion that she be Harry's date, even if it is as a "last resort." She may feel that by having accepted Neville's invitation she has missed her chance to be more to Harry than just "Ron's kid sister." Regardless, a more mature, more forward Ginny is firmly established in this scene, and her increased popularity among the series' fans seems to have started here. This new-found assertiveness shows that she is a true Gryffindor.

Although the Trio seems unconcerned about Rita Skeeter's interview with Hagrid, they should perhaps have paid more attention to the "red flags" that are raised by her particular questions.

Also, a bezoar stone has been seen before and will be mentioned again. Rowling could be focusing readers' attention on it for a reason, although it may not be significant in this book. Seemingly insignificant people or mundane objects that are spotlighted early on, often become important later in the series.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why is it so difficult for Harry to find a Yule Ball date despite so many girls wanting to go with him?
2. Why did Harry wait so long to invite Cho Chang?
3. Why does Harry finally decide to invite Parvati to the Ball?
4. Why does Ron tease Neville for having invited Hermione to the Ball?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Ginny look miserable after telling Ron she is going to the Ball with Neville?
2. How might things have turned out differently if Ginny was not Neville's date?
3. Why does Ginny stand up to Ron? What accounts for her new-found confidence?
4. Why doesn't Hermione tell anyone who her date for the Ball is? Who might her date be?
5. Why didn't Ron invite Hermione as his date early on? Did Ron expect anyone (other than Neville) to ask her? Would she have accepted Ron's invitation?

[edit] Greater Picture

The Twin's correspondent is probably Ludo Bagman, who has avoided paying them their winnings with real money. He originally paid them off in Leprechaun gold, and they will end up writing it off as a bad job when Ludo, having lost another bet to the Goblins, runs; but for the moment, they still hope to collect.

Ron will spend nearly the entire Yule Ball either glowering at Hermione or refusing to dance with Padma. This may further ruin any chance he had with either, particularly Hermione, although Ron still fails to recognize that their frequent spats are mostly fueled with romantic tension.

Ginny's new-found confidence is partially due to Hermione's influence. Ginny had confided her feelings about Harry to Hermione, who encouraged Ginny to just be herself around him. Ginny is beginning to put Hermione's advice into action in this chapter, but it will take some time for her to overcome her shyness and the tension she feels around Harry. At the Yule Ball, for instance, which she is attending with Neville, she will meet, and agree to date, Michael Corner. Her relationship with Michael allows her to give up hope that Harry will ever reciprocate her feelings. Only then does she feel relaxed enough to show her true self around him, allowing Harry to know the girl she really is. Paradoxically, then, it will be Ginny's giving up hope of winning Harry that will allow her, finally, to win him.

The bezoar, which made its first appearance in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, and Harry's knowledge about it, plays a significant role in Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.

Chapter 23: The Yule Ball

[edit] Synopsis

Although it is the end of term, almost no one has left school, and despite his homework load, Harry enjoys himself in the week between the term's end and Christmas. Ron is still trying to learn who Hermione's Yule Ball date is, but she says nothing. Ron also notices that her teeth are different; Hermione explains that after Draco's misfired spell made her teeth bigger, she had Madam Pomfrey shrink them to smaller than their original large size. While she is explaining this, Pigwidgeon returns with Sirius' letter. A group of thirteen-year-old girls see Pigwidgeon and think he's cute, which leads Ron to call him a "stupid, feathery git". In the message, Sirius congratulates Harry and says that he would have suggested a Conjunctivitus spell to blind the dragon. He warns Harry to watch himself around Karkaroff. Hermione suggests this is a good time to try and figure out the Egg's secret, but Harry says he would not be able to hear it over the ruckus in the common room.

On Christmas day, Harry is awakened by Dobby bringing him presents. To reciprocate, Harry gives Dobby the horrible mustard-colored socks that he had wrapped his Sneakoscope in to muffle it. Dobby is ecstatic, socks are his favorite clothing. Ron also gives him some mauve socks and the sweater he received. Dobby is overwhelmed by Ron's generosity. Dobby also gives Harry handmade socks, one red with broomsticks, and one green, with Snitches. Dobby returns to the kitchen where preparations for the Ball are underway.

At about 5:00 p.m., after watching the big snowball fight that started after lunch, Hermione rises to get ready for the Ball. Ron asks if she really needs three hours and wants to know who she is going with, but she says nothing. They break off their battle and head upstairs. Ron is highly embarrassed by his robes, which look more like a dress, although he has removed the tatty lace. Harry meets Parvati, dressed in bright pink robes, in the Common room, and they and the other Gryffindors proceed to the Entry Hall. Clad in turquoise robes, Padma is rather aghast at Ron's appearance; Ron just wants to hide from Fleur Delacour, who is going with Roger Davies.

The Slytherins arrive, and neither Crabbe or Goyle have a date. The Durmstrang students enter from outside; Viktor Krum is accompanied by a pretty girl Harry does not recognize. Professor McGonagall summons the Champions, telling them they will enter in procession after the others are seated. Harry looks over at the other Champions and suddenly recognizes Krum's date: it is Hermione. She has straightened her hair, and her posture is different. Harry is not the only one astonished by her changed appearance; Parvati is astonished, and Ron walks past without looking at her. Krum's female fan club glare at Hermione with deep loathing.

The long tables in the Great Hall have been replaced by smaller ones, each having space for a dozen people. The four Champions and their partners are to be seated at the head table, along with Professor Dumbledore, Madame Maxime, Professor Karkaroff, Ludo Bagman, and – surprisingly – Percy Weasley, who is substituting for Mr. Crouch. Percy, wearing navy blue robes, pulls out a chair for Harry and excitedly tells him he has been promoted to Mr. Crouch's personal assistant. He says the Tournament preparations has left Mr. Crouch stressed and tired and that he has somewhat lost his domestic comforts after dismissing his House-elf – Blinky, "or whatever her name is" – and is having a restful Christmas at home, sending his instructions to the office by owl. Dumbledore, surveying the menu, says "Pork chops!" to his plate, whereupon they appear; everyone else follows his example.

Hermione is deep in conversation with Krum who tells her that Durmstrang castle is not as comfortable or big as Hogwarts, having only four floors. Karkaroff warns him about sharing too much information or else Durmstrang's location could be revealed. Professor Dumbledore suggests that perhaps there is too much concern about secrecy. Karkaroff asks if he is not happier that only he, Dumbledore, knows Hogwarts' secrets. Dumbledore responds that he would never presume to believe that he knows all the school's secrets. Only recently did he stumble upon a room filled with chamber pots that he had never seen before. He has been unable to find that room since.

When dinner is over, Dumbledore asks everyone to stand and sweeps the tables to the side with his wand. A stage rises against one wall, and the band starts playing. Parvati drags Harry to his feet, saying that they are supposed to dance. Their dancing is not too bad, as Parvati is leading. Soon the floor fills with other couples, many worse than Harry. Neville frequently steps on Ginny's feet. Professor Moody compliments Harry on his socks, causing Parvati to comment that his magical eye is rather creepy.

After the first song ends, Harry sits with Ron and Padma. Both Parvati and Padma are disgruntled that they do not get to dance again. Parvati finally leaves to dance with a Beauxbatons boy. An elated Hermione floats over, but Ron attacks her for "fraternizing with the enemy." Heated words are exchanged, and Hermione angrily disappears into the crowd. Padma also leaves, joining Parvati. Viktor appears looking for Hermione, and he is also dismissed by Ron. Percy comes over, talking about how the Tournament is meant to foster international co-operation, and it is great that Ron is making friends with Viktor. When Ludo crosses the dance floor on his way to the head table, he is intercepted by the Weasley twins. He shakes them off and goes over to talk to Harry. He claims the Twins were asking him for marketing assistance on their trick wands. Harry is certain Percy will report this to Mrs. Weasley. Harry and Ron escape as Percy talks shop with Ludo.

Outside in the rose garden, Karkaroff talking with Professor Snape about something that is becoming more distinct. Snape suggests that Karkaroff can run for it if he is that worried. Harry and Ron wonder how the two of them got on a first-name basis. Harry and Ron become unwilling eavesdroppers on a conversation between Madame Maxime and Hagrid. Hagrid reveals he is half-giant and suggests that Madame Maxime is the same. She indignantly insists she is just big-boned and stalks off. Ron asks Harry if he knew Hagrid was half-giant. Harry says no, but so what? Ron mentions that wizards generally fear giants because they are mindlessly vicious. Ron thinks this fear may carry over to Hagrid, at least among those who do not know him.

Back in the Hall, Harry and Ron continue discussing Giants. There are apparently very few left in England. They were already dying out but many were killed by Aurors. Those left are somewhere in the European mountains. Ron says he does not know who Madame Maxime thinks she is kidding; there is no way she could be just big-boned.

The Ball ends at midnight. Hermione heads to Gryffindor tower, shooting Ron a cold look as she passes. Cedric calls Harry aside and says that because Harry helped him with the dragon, it is only fair that he should return the favor for the second task. He suggests Harry take a bath with his Egg and tells him how to get into the Prefect's bathroom. Harry, apart from his resentment over Cedric being Cho Chang's date, is uncertain how to react to this, but he says nothing. Cedric leaves to say goodnight to Cho.

Reaching the Gryffindor common room, Harry finds Ron and Hermione in a shouting match. Hermione tells Ron that if he does not like it then, "The next time there's a Ball, ask me before someone else does, and not as a last resort!" Hermione storms off to her dormitory. Ron, stunned, tells Harry that Hermione is quite clearly missing the point. Harry privately thinks Hermione has a much clearer idea about what Ron is feeling than Ron does.

[edit] Analysis

Although the Yule Ball is a disappointment for Harry and Ron, not to mention their hapless dates, their later stroll through the rose garden reveals much character information. Karkaroff knows that he is in poor standing with surviving Death Eaters. As revealed by Sirius, he named names to avoid being sent to Azkaban. Something may lead Karkaroff to believe that the Dark Lord may be returning to power. Because of this, Karkaroff could be considering disappearing to save himself, either from Death Eaters or Voldemort. Snape, however, seems unconcerned for his own safety, indicating that he may retain the Dark Lord's favor.

Harry and Ron also learn that Hagrid is half-giant, a fact he has apparently kept secret, although it has been rather obvious to most everyone else, including Hermione. An insulted Madame Maxime, however, vehemently denies any such ancestry, although this seems a foregone conclusion. Harry also seems oblivious that many wizards have deep-seated fear and prejudice towards giants, as well as many other magical folk, which explains why Hagrid and Madame Maxime would conceal their mutual heritage. In this particular case, wizards' fear may be partially justified—giants are prone to unprovoked violence, though Hagrid and Madame Maxime have gentle natures. Prejudice and discrimination are continual themes throughout the series, most notably through Hermione's efforts to liberate House-elves.

One noteworthy fact is the order in which these revelations are made. Clearly, that both Karkaroff and Snape may be, or have been, Death Eaters, is worth further discussion. Why then do Harry and Ron fail to discuss this further, and perhaps reach the conclusion that Snape is or was a Death Eater, despite what Sirius previously told them? Because Hagrid's confession to Madame Maxime takes precedence, casting it from their minds. This bit of literary legerdemain allows the author to foreshadow revelations later in the book and in the series, while managing to mask that revelation's weight by having the characters effectively dismiss it.

And though Hermione's efforts to liberate House-elves are seemingly frustrated, she may be having a positive effect in another way as seen when Ron gives Dobby some cast-off clothing. This act is something he probably never would have considered if not for both Hermione's and Harry's influence—Harry treats Dobby as a friend, and Hermione believes House-elves deserve equal rights. This may be a small milestone in Ron's maturation, and for once, he is thoughtful about someone other than himself,a close friend, or a family member. Without this example, it is unlikely Ron would ever consider House-elves as anything more than what they already are, even a liberated one like Dobby. Hermione has perhaps unknowingly sown a seed in Ron's consciousness, and, if she is to accomplish her goal, she must change both House-elves and the general wizarding community's thinking—a rather daunting, although not impossible, challenge.

The Yule Ball has yielded several other unexpected outcomes: Ron and Hermione's long simmering and deeply buried feelings for one another are brought closer to the surface, although they can only express themselves with mutual jealousy, anger, and immature bickering. In addition to seeing Hermione with Krum, Hermione's growing attractiveness also seems to have had a strong effect on Ron, forcing him to see her differently, although it is apparently still unclear to him exactly what the difference is. Harry, meanwhile, is no closer to solving the Egg riddle, and does little to figure it out, despite Hermione's constant prodding. Unexpectedly, he receives assistance from an unlikely source. In appreciation for Harry tipping him off about the dragon task, Cedric helps Harry with the Egg. However, rather than outright telling Harry what he needs know as Harry did with the dragons, Cedric instead only gives him a hint so he can solve it himself. But Harry's stubbornness and resentment over Cedric dating Cho Chang may prevent him from utilizing this valuable information.

Also, Mr. Crouch's health is apparently deteriorating. In the meeting with the Champions at Hallowe'en, he seemed unwell enough that Dumbledore actually suggested that he might want to spend the night at Hogwarts. In what seems a logical progression, he is now so ill that he is unable to attend the Triwizard ceremonies and Percy has been deputed to fill in for him.

Attention should be paid to Professor Dumbledore mentioning the room with the chamber pots, as well as the beetle crawling on the stone reindeer during Hagrid's conversation with Madame Maxime.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why doesn't Harry recognize Krum's date? What is Ron's reaction?
2. Why is Madame Maxime insulted that Hagrid suggested she is half-giant?
3. Why is Harry conflicted about accepting Cedric's help with the Egg?
4. What are Ron and Hermione arguing about? Who is right?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why won't Hermione reveal who her Yule Ball date is?
2. Why would the long tables in the Great Hall be replaced by smaller ones?
3. Why does Cedric only offer Harry a hint about the Egg, rather than telling him outright how to solve it?
4. What might be the real reason that Harry rebuffs Hermione's suggestion that he work on solving the Egg's clue?

[edit] Greater Picture

We will discover that Mr. Crouch's deteriorating health is subterfuge; Mr. Crouch is actually the Dark Lord's servant, being controlled by Peter Pettigrew (Wormtail). Wormtail's control over him has always been rather shaky; rather than risk his increasing eccentricity being discovered, Voldemort confines Mr. Crouch to his house, where he and Wormtail are hiding. Voldemort restricts communication to an easier-to-fake method. Percy will be reprimanded later by his superiors for failing to detect Mr. Crouch's odd behavior, although they may be using Percy as a scapegoat to deflect blame away from themselves.

At the Yule Ball, Karkaroff says that something is becoming more distinct. This is likely the "Dark Mark" on his forearm—the Death Eaters' sign. It becoming more visible is an indication that Voldemort is gaining strength, perhaps is close to returning. Having informed on Death Eaters, Karkaroff knows that he will likely be killed if Voldemort returns to power, and clearly is planning to bolt in that eventuality.

Later, we learn that the beetle, mentioned above, is actually Rita Skeeter, in her unregistered Animagus form. She will write a story about Hagrid's half-Giant ancestry which will prove devastating to him; this is where she learns of it, though she clearly does some research after hearing the bare fact from Hagrid.

The chamber-pot filled room Dumbledore mentions seems to be the Room of Requirement, which he apparently never knew existed, and will play a large role in each succeeding book. When Hermione is reluctant to use the room for their secret student meetings (in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix), Harry allays her fears by saying Dumbledore had told him about it. Readers will also learn that the room only appears when someone needs it, and it comes equipped with whatever is necessary to fulfill that need. It is curious, then, why Dumbledore (or anyone) would require a room filled with so many chamber pots.

The final scene is crucial to Ron and Hermione's evolving relationship. In about a year's time, Hermione will comment that Ron has "the emotional depth of a teaspoon"; it is apparent at this point that he is having serious feelings for Hermione although he is unable to understand just what they are or how to react to them, and when Hermione makes her comment, he will be very little closer to recognizing them.

While we are as yet unaware, a turning point in Snape's life occurs in this chapter. In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, one of the memories that Snape passes on to Harry is of himself and Dumbledore watching students return to their common rooms after the Ball. Snape tells Dumbledore that his Dark Mark is growing more distinct, Karkaroff's also; we will also view that scene in Dumbledore's memories in the Pensieve later in this book. When Snape goes on to say that Karkaroff may run, Dumbledore asks if Snape would be following; Snape responds that his place is at Dumbledore's side, always. Following this remark, Dumbledore muses that perhaps students are Sorted too soon. Snape, who was Sorted into Slytherin House and away from his beloved Lily Evans, who was a Gryffindor, is stunned at the thought.

Chapter 24: Rita Skeeter's Scoop

[edit] Synopsis

Hermione and Ron seem willing to overlook their fight, although Harry notices they are oddly formal with each other. Harry and Ron tell Hermione what they had overheard about Hagrid being half-giant. Hermione seems unsurprised, saying he is too large to be human, but that Giants typically are twenty feet tall, and he is not that big. And there must be decent Giants, just as there are decent werewolves.

Christmas is over, and it is time to work on the neglected homework. Harry is worried, however. February 24th looks much closer from this side of Christmas, and he must still solve the Egg's riddle. While remembering Cedric's hint, he is feeling somewhat unfriendly towards him and disinclined to heed his advice. It is still snowy and cold when classes resume. Nobody is looking forward to Care of Magical Creatures, but when they arrive at Hagrid's hut, they are met by Professor Grubbly-Plank. Ignoring Harry's questions about where Hagrid is, she leads them to the edge of the Forbidden Forest where a Unicorn is tethered. She waves the boys back, saying that unicorns interact better with girls. This leaves Harry close to Malfoy, who comments that Hagrid is too ashamed to show his face and produces the Daily Prophet. In it is a scurrilous article by Rita Skeeter about Hagrid. It claims the Blast-Ended Skrewts are not only dangerous, but illegal, and some students have been injured. Crabbe is quoted as saying he was bitten by a Flobberworm. The article also mentions Hagrid's mixed Giant-human ancestry. Harry is incensed, pointing out that Flobberworms do not even have teeth. Malfoy says parents will be scared that Hagrid will eat their children and that the article will end Hagrid's teaching career. Professor Grubbly-Plank continues the lesson, but Harry is so angry he is barely able to concentrate. At the end, Parvati declares it was better than any lesson Hagrid has ever given, and she hopes Professor Grubbly-Plank will be there for a long time. Harry, Ron, and Hermione go to Hagrid's hut after Divination, but to no avail. Their repeated knocks go unanswered. Hagrid remains absent the next week, and Professor Grubbly-Plank continues teaching his classes. Hagrid is not even seen performing his grounds-keeping duties.

A Hogsmeade weekend is scheduled for mid-January, and Harry plans to go, much to Hermione's surprise and displeasure; she was expecting him to work on solving the Egg riddle. Harry lies and says he pretty well has it figured out. There are still five weeks left, after all. Heading to Hogsmeade, they spot Viktor Krum diving into the lake, apparently unaffected by the cold. Ron is almost hoping the giant squid will get him.

In Hogsmeade, they stop in at the Three Broomsticks. Harry looks for Hagrid, but does not see him. They spot Ludo Bagman, however, deep in conversation with Goblins. When Ludo notices Harry, he charges over and asks for a private word. When Harry asks what Bagman is talking to the Goblins about, he says they want to contact Barty Crouch, but nobody knows where he is. Percy, apparently, says he is still home sick and sends instructions by owl post. If Rita Skeeter finds out, she will probably report that he is missing, just like Bertha Jorkins. When Harry asks if Bertha has shown up, Ludo admits she has not. He offers to help Harry with the Egg, but Harry refuses, claiming it is nearly solved. Fred and George suddenly appear and offer to buy Ludo a drink, but he declines, insisting he must go. He leaves with the Goblins trailing after him. As Harry, Ron, and Hermione discuss what Ludo disclosed, Rita Skeeter enters, telling her photographer that someone (probably Ludo) refused to talk to her. Harry accuses her of intentionally ruining other peoples' lives. She responds that the public has the right to know the truth, and asks Harry for his side of the story. Before leaving, Hermione tells her she is an evil woman, but looking back, Harry sees Rita's quill racing across parchment. Ron suspects Hermione may be next in line for her axe.

Back at Hogwarts, Hermione beats on Hagrid's door, demanding to be let in. The door opens, and Professor Dumbledore greets them. Abashed, Hermione insists on seeing Hagrid, and Dumbledore invites them in. Harry tells Hagrid he should just disregard Skeeter. According to Dumbledore, many letters have arrived supporting Hagrid and demanding that he stay at Hogwarts. Hagrid protests that he is half-giant, but Harry points out that he is himself related to the Dursleys, and Dumbledore mentions his brother Aberforth, who was prosecuted for practicing inappropriate charms on a goat. Hermione asks Hagrid to return, and Dumbledore, as he leaves, says Hagrid is expected back on the job Monday, no excuses. Hagrid shows the Trio a picture of him and his father, who died during Hagrid's second year. Hagrid says he would be disappointed with Hagrid's behavior. Hagrid then asks how Harry is doing with the Egg, and Harry responds that he nearly has it solved. When Hagrid says how proud of him he is, Harry is ashamed he lied. Back inside the castle, Harry finally concedes that it is time to swallow his pride and give Cedric's hint a try.

[edit] Analysis

That Hagrid immediately went into hiding after Rita Skeeter's article was published shows his rather child-like nature. Rather than confronting an issue and standing up for himself, he instead retreats into seclusion, to the extent that even his friends and supporters are unable to convince him to do otherwise. Hagrid symbolizes how innocent individuals are easily victimized by powerful entities like the media. Rita Skeeter represents the bigotry that permeates the series and how fear and suspicion can be deliberately manipulated to inflame peoples' hatred, perpetuating racial stereotypes. And while Skeeter's article is bias driven, it may be less about her personal beliefs than deliberately skewing the facts to incite readers' terror about giants purely to sell more newspapers. Despite Hagrid's gentleness and devoted service to Hogwarts, Skeeter falsely casts him as a dangerous and irresponsible individual. Surprisingly, the backlash results in supporters rallying to Hagrid's defense rather than condemning him; many are probably former Hogwarts students who know Hagrid. And while Skeeter represents many characters' bigoted views and racial oppression, Dumbledore and Hermione become its antithesis, championing equal rights and opportunities for all magical denizens who may be at even greater risk as Voldemort's power continues to rise.

Of the many characters Harry has a close relationship with, it is clearly seen here that Hagrid is one of the most important and influential people in his life, and whose good opinion Harry cultivates and values. Although Harry never means to disappoint others, his laziness results in him lying to everyone (and probably to himself) about solving the Egg riddle, and he remains unaffected by Hermione's criticism over his procrastination. However, he is completely shamed and humbled by Hagrid's total and unconditional faith in him, a faith Harry has failed to meet. Possibly only Sirius, Lupin, and Dumbledore could have close to same effect on him that Hagrid has. Harry guiltily realizes his actions have hardly represented how a Triwizard Champion is expected to behave, letting down those who have supported and believed in him. Harry resolves to work hard on solving the Egg riddle.

Just how much Ron is lacking in emotional sensitivity is shown here as well. Immediately after Dumbledore orders Hagrid back to work, the room is still emotionally wrought, Ron asks if he can have a cake; however, he probably unintentionally helped break the tension somewhat.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why has Harry been so reluctant to work on solving the Egg's riddle, even despite Hermione's prodding and Cedric's hint?
2. Why does Harry feel ashamed when he lies to Hagrid about the Egg, but not to others?
3. Why does Harry finally decide to use Cedric's hint?
4. Why has Hagrid gone into hiding? Why does he agree to come back?

[edit] Further Study

1. What motivated Rita Skeeter to write such a scathing story?
2. Why does Ron think that Hermione will be Rita Skeeter's next "victim"? What does he mean by this? Is he right?

[edit] Greater Picture

Ludo's conversation with the Goblins in the Three Broomsticks appears to be going badly, and he seems to have lost much of his bounce. Ludo is in trouble with the Goblins over his gambling debts, and this is yet another episode where he attempts to settle matters with them. His abrupt retreat indicates he was unsuccessful, although Fred and George's sudden arrival may also have scared him off; he is avoiding the Twins because he also has refused to pay their winnings.

We see, in that encounter, another clumsy attempt by Ludo to help Harry with the Tournament. Almost certainly, the Goblins that Ludo is speaking with are the same group with which he is betting on Harry's victory. One might wonder why the Goblins allow him to talk to Harry so blatantly, as Ludo has already demonstrated that he is not particularly trustworthy. The Goblins must suspect that Ludo would try to influence things in his own favour, despite being a judge of the tournament.

Rita's story about Hagrid points up the prejudice and discrimination that the Wizarding world retains towards the other magical races; we will see this brought out again, in the person of Dolores Umbridge, in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. Umbridge will exhibit this prejudice to an extreme, displaying an irrational hatred for "half-breeds" like Hagrid and, illogically, the entire Centaur race. Voldemort will use this prejudice to win himself allies among those races that have been subjected to discrimination, notably the few remaining Giants and the Dementors.

Readers have probably noticed that many characters are first introduced by name before they actually appear in the story. Here, Dumbledore mentions his somewhat wayward brother, Aberforth, who will play a significant role in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows.

Chapter 25: The Egg and the Eye

[edit] Synopsis

On Thursday night, Harry sneaks out of Gryffindor Tower with his Egg and heads for the Prefects' Bathroom, armed with his Invisibility Cloak and the Marauder's Map to avoid being caught again by Filch for breaking curfew. The bathroom is luxuriously decorated in white marble and contains stacks of fluffy towels and a pool-sized tub with hundreds of jeweled taps that spew many-colored bubbles. On the wall is a painting of a beautiful mermaid. Harry slips into the water and plays with the taps a bit before opening the Egg. It wails horribly. He slams it shut and is startled by Moaning Myrtle, who suddenly appears, sitting on the tub's edge. She suggests putting the Egg in the water. Once submerged, a faint singing is heard. Dunking his head, Harry hears the Egg singing about something he will sorely miss that will be at the bottom of the lake. He will have only one hour to find it. Harry guesses that there are Merpeople in the lake, which Myrtle confirms. She is upset when Harry ponders how he will be able to breathe underwater, saying that nobody remembers that she can't breathe any more.

Harry gathers the Egg and his other belongings and, covered by his cloak, prepares to head back to Gryffindor tower. First he checks the Map, confirming no one is in the halls except Peeves. Someone is in Professor Snape's office: Bartemius Crouch. Harry wonders why Mr. Crouch is at Hogwarts so late, particularly as he is apparently ill and was unable to attend the Yule Ball. Harry decides to investigate, but as he is concentrating on the map, his foot becomes trapped in a trick step, causing him to drop the Egg and the Marauder's Map. The Egg rolls down the staircase and starts wailing, summoning Filch who in turn yells at Peeves, assuming the Poltergeist had stolen a Champion's Egg. Snape arrives and dismisses Filch's accusations about Peeves, and claims someone broke into his office. It had to be a wizard; Snape seals his office with a Charm to prevent Peeves from entering. Professor Moody appears and is concerned that someone was in Snape's office. Moody's magical eye spots Harry under his Cloak, but he pretends Harry is not there and offers to go with Snape and investigate the break-in. Snape demurs, saying he believes it was a student stealing potion ingredients. Moody wonders if Snape could be hiding something else, to which Snape retorts that Moody has already searched his office. Moody says that it is an Auror's privilege. Although Dumbledore may have faith in Snape's loyalty, Moody is not the trusting sort. Moody dismisses Snape, causing Snape to bridle. Spying the Marauder's Map on the floor, Moody asks if Snape or Filch dropped something. Snape immediately recognizes it. Harry, under his Invisibility Cloak, gesticulates madly to let Moody know that it is his. Moody summons the map, and it slips through Snape's fingers over to him. Snape, furious, probes the air looking for Harry hiding under his cloak. Moody says nobody is there, although he thinks it curious how quickly Snape's thoughts turned to Harry. Detecting a threat, Snape departs. Filch, after protesting that the Egg is evidence, reluctantly hands it over to Moody and leaves.

The map fascinates Moody, who is seemingly unable to keep either eye off it. He helps Harry from the trap step and asks if the map showed who was in Snape's office. Harry replies it was Mr. Crouch. Moody is amazed, and explains that Crouch is obsessed with catching Dark wizards, far more than Moody himself. Moody asks to borrow the map. Harry, deeply relieved he does not have to explain where he got it (and thereby implicate Fred and George), agrees. As he goes into his office, Moody suggests that Harry consider becoming an Auror. When Moody asks if Harry was just taking his Egg for a stroll, Harry says he was working out the clue. Later, Harry thinks he would like to see how badly scarred other Aurors are before choosing that career path.

[edit] Analysis

Several important things should be noted: one, Bartemius Crouch, who was too ill to attend the Yule Ball and sent Percy Weasley in his place, is apparently well enough to travel to Hogwarts and root through Snape's office. Another is the Egg and its song; solving the Egg's riddle only leads to yet another problem for Harry—how to breathe underwater for one hour. The Tournament is now only a few weeks away, and Harry's procrastination in solving the riddle has wasted much valuable time; he will need help and have to work especially hard if he is to solve this next crucial step in time.

Additionally, there is Professor Moody's odd behavior when he spots the Marauder's Map. He is intensely interested in it, staring fixedly at the parchment when he realizes what it is, and then borrowing it from Harry. Just as Processor Lupin had in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, Moody's timely intervention here prevents Snape from punishing Harry. Here Moody shows his unconventional personality, and, as he has previously demonstrated, he is far less concerned about rule breaking than either Filch or Snape. This trait has helped make him a popular teacher, although his actions here may have as much to do with his ongoing enmity with Snape as it does with protecting Harry. Also like Lupin, Moody prevented Snape from confiscating the Marauder's Map, scooping it from his grasp with the Summoning spell. Some readers may wonder why Harry did not do the same; he had his wand, attempting to blank the map with it when Filch appeared. It seems likely that Harry, with the Egg screaming and Filch rapidly approaching, may simply have panicked. One can imagine the words "Why didn't I remember that?" flashing across Harry's mind when Moody used the Summoning charm. This particular charm had proved especially difficult for Harry to learn, however, and he may still be having some trouble casting it. Harry's gratitude to Moody is such that he readily agrees to loan him the map, although Harry is probably wondering just why and how Moody intends to use it.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Moaning Myrtle help Harry with the Egg?
2. Why is Myrtle upset about Harry's next Triwizard task? How will Harry overcome this obstacle?
3. Why did Snape suspect that Harry was involved in the ruckus in the hallway? Even though Harry was there, were Snape's suspicions justified or was it his usual rush to judgment where Harry is concerned?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why would Mr. Crouch be in Snape's office so late at night?
2. Why would Moody have previously searched Snape's office?
3. Why does Moody hide Harry's presence from the others in the hall?
4. Why does Moody want to borrow the Marauder's Map? Why does Harry agree to let him use it?
5. Why does Moody suggest that Harry become an Auror? Explain why you agree or disagree? What is Harry's reaction?

[edit] Greater Picture

The Marauder's Map's power once again strips away disguises; in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, it correctly spotted Peter Pettigrew when, in his Animagus form, he was disguised as Scabbers. In this case, it showed "Bartemius Crouch" in Snape's office. Of course, it was the false Moody collecting ingredients to brew more Polyjuice Potion. While the Marauder's Map correctly gave his name, it is apparently unable to differentiate between Bartemius Crouch Sr., and Bartemius Crouch Jr., who is using the Polyjuice Potion to impersonate Moody. However, this is a clear indication that the Map is not fooled by Polyjuice potion, any more than it is deceived by Animagi.

This explains Moody's interest in the map, and why he is so keen to borrow it; apart from it being a useful tool that shows everyone's whereabouts at the school, it can expose him as an impostor. He must act to get the map away from Harry to conceal his true identity. There may have been a more immediate need for Moody getting the map into his possession: Harry could have noticed that the map showed that it was Barty Crouch who was standing directly opposite him rather than the real Mad Eye Moody. Moody's suggestion that Harry become an Auror may be intended as flattery to deflect questions by Harry as to exactly why Moody wants the map. However, Harry is indeed well-suited to becoming an Auror, Defense Against the Dark Arts being his best subject, something Barty may realize he needs to be cautious about. Also, it does seem that if Harry had been a little more observant, he would have noticed on the map that the real "Mad Eye" Moody never appears to leave the Defensive Arts instructor's living quarters (where he is being imprisoned) or that Barty Crouch is often in places and at times when only Mad Eye Moody should be there.

In a later chapter, Sirius claims Snape was never accused of being a Death Eater; this is actually incorrect, Snape was accused, but Dumbledore vouched for him. It was Moody who arrested Snape, and who is probably still suspicious that he is a Death Eater; the false Moody will display this same belief in order to be true to his model, and to avoid making Dumbledore suspicious. Karkaroff is a known Death Eater, Sirius mentioned that just before the first task. If Snape was or still is a Death Eater, as Ron, Harry, and to a lesser extent Hermione suspect, that would explain why he and Karkaroff were on a first-name basis at the Yule Ball.

Finally, it is unknown whether Barty Crouch, Jr. actually knows if Snape was a Death Eater. It is learned at the end of this book that Snape bears the Dark Mark, which not only brands Death Eaters, but also acts as a summons from the Dark Lord. In the second chapter of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, we learn that Snape was not only a Death Eater, but was in Voldemort's inner council. Considering how young Barty was when he was imprisoned, it is possible that he was never directly connected with Voldemort, but only associated with the Dark Lord's supporters after Voldemort himself was gone. If so, he might have learned that Snape was in Voldemort's inner council from Bellatrix Lestrange or her associates, or possibly, more recently, from the true Alastor Moody. Barty is likely unaware that Dumbledore vouched for Snape's allegiance, but he would immediately see that Dumbledore had complete trust in him despite his earlier Dark association.

Chapter 26: The Second Task

[edit] Synopsis

In Charms class, Harry, Ron, and Hermione are learning Banishing charms, the opposite of Summoning. Fortunately, the class noise and confusion muffles their private conversation. Harry reveals what he has learned about the second task. He must find a way to breathe underwater for one hour and recover whatever the Merpeople have taken from him. He also says Mr. Crouch was in Snape's office that same night. Hermione is curious as to why Mr. Crouch would be there. Harry remembers Moody saying that Professor Dumbledore believes in second chances, and he wonders just what Snape did to warrant one.

As requested, Harry sends an owl letter to Sirius recapping everything that happened. Over the next several weeks, he, Hermione, and Ron scour the library searching for ways to breathe underwater, but to no avail. The only joyful spot is an owl letter from Sirius that arrives the day before the second task, though Sirius only wants to know when the Hogsmeade weekend is. Harry responds, and glumly goes to Care of Magical Creatures class.

Hagrid appears to have given up on the Blast-Ended Skrewts, as only two are left. He seems to be trying to prove that he can teach as well as Professor Grubbly-Plank by continuing the lesson about unicorns, and it seems he actually knows many useful things about them. Today, he has captured a pair of foals, and Parvati and Lavender are absolutely delighted by them. While telling everyone to gather round, Hagrid takes Harry aside to let him know that he is sure Harry will be able to beat the second challenge. Harry is too nervous to answer.

As evening approaches, Harry, Hermione, and Ron are racing through spell-books looking for a way that Harry can survive underwater. As the sun sets, Fred and George appear and tell Ron and Hermione that Professor McGonagall wants to see them. Saying they will see Harry in the common room after, Ron and Hermione leave. When the library closes, Harry takes as many books as he can carry back to the Gryffindor common room. As he frantically scours through them, the common room gradually empties. He has searched all the books, and Ron and Hermione have still not returned. Harry gets his Invisibility Cloak and returns to the library where he finally falls asleep reading spell-books by wand light.

Dobby wakes him mere minutes before the second task. Harry says it is too late to compete, but Dobby says he must because he has to retrieve his "Wheezy". Harry finally understands that "Wheezy" is Ron. Dobby says he knows that Harry did not find the right spell, so he did. He overheard Professor McGonagall and Professor Moody talking about the second task and realized that Gillyweed would allow Harry to recover "his Wheezy." He presents Harry a handful and returns to the kitchens. Harry arrives at the lake shore just in time. Percy Weasley, again filling in for Mr. Crouch, is upset when Ludo Bagman insists Harry be given a moment to catch his breath. As he positions the Champions at the shore, Ludo asks if Harry is okay and has a plan. Replying more confidently than he actually feels, Harry responds that he does.

The challenge starts. Harry wades into the lake chewing the Gillyweed but nothing happens. Suddenly, gills sprout on his neck, and, unable to breathe, he dives underwater. Discovering he also has webbed toes, Harry sets off. Grindylows attack and he jinxes them off. Moaning Myrtle appears and indicates which way Harry should travel, complaining she dislikes it there because the Grindylows always chase her. Harry finds a sizable, if crude, Mermish village. Tied to a large statue in the "village square" are four figures: Ron, Hermione, Cho Chang, and a young girl, about eight years old, who, from her fanning white-blonde hair, Harry guesses is probably Fleur's sister.

The Mermish guards do not interfere, but they refuse Harry's attempt to borrow a spear to cut Ron free. Harry finds a sharp stone and cuts Ron free. Worried that the other Champions have not appeared, he also tries to free Hermione, but is stopped by the Mermish guards. Harry is still trying to save Hermione when Cedric arrives with a large air bubble around his head. He tells Harry to get going, Fleur and Krum are almost there. Cutting Cho free, he heads for the surface. Krum appears with his head transformed into a shark; he is unable to bite through Hermione's ropes, so Harry hands him his sharp rock, which Krum uses to cut her free and heads to the surface.

When Fleur does not appear, Harry attempts to cut the last hostage free but is again prevented by the mermen. This time he threatens them with his wand and they back away nervously. Harry frees the girl and Ron and heads to the surface, accompanied by the mermen, making Harry nervous. Harry's watch has stopped, and he worries that they might be pulled back down when the hour is up. As the surface appears, the Gillyweed wears off. Harry barely makes it to the top. Wild, green-haired faces surround him, but they are all smiling. Ron and the girl wake up and are looking around. A great cheer erupts from the stands, and Harry gets Ron to help with the girl. On the shore, Madam Pomfrey is treating Cedric, Cho, Krum, and Hermione. Fleur is restrained by Madame Maxime from throwing herself into the lake to get to her sister. Ludo Bagman and Dumbledore are beaming, and Percy, looking somehow younger, runs into the lake to help Ron.

Once they are all ashore, Fleur runs to hug her sister, Gabrielle, saying she was stopped by the Grindylows. Madam Pomfrey wraps Harry tightly in a blanket and administers a pepper-up potion that causes steam to come out his ears. Hermione compliments Harry on figuring out the task on his own. Seeing that Krum is listening, Harry decides to tell her later that Dobby helped him. Krum, possibly to regain Hermione's attention, points out that she has a water beetle in her hair. Hermione brushes it away and asks Harry if it had taken long to find them. Harry is now feeling rather silly and embarrassed. First Ron, and now Hermione, have pointed out that Dumbledore would never have allowed them to die, so his staying to make sure all the hostages were rescued was pointless.

Meanwhile, Dumbledore is in conference with the Mermen Chief, Merchieftainess Murcus. He then asks to confer with the judges before the final marks are given. Madam Pomfrey has rescued Ron from Percy's clutches and administers a pepper-up potion to him as well. Fleur, still bedraggled, has numerous cuts on her face and arms, and her robe is torn, but she refuses Madam Pomfrey's help, demanding she treat Gabrielle first. She approaches Harry, saying that he saved her sister when he did not have to, and kisses him twice on each cheek. Harry can almost feel steam coming out his ears again. Fleur says that Ron also helped and swoops to kiss him as well. Hermione looks furious, but before she can say anything, the judges break their huddle. Ludo announces the standings. Fleur, although using the Bubble-Head Charm, failed to rescue her hostage and only gets 25 points; Cedric Diggory, also using the Bubble-Head Charm, brought his hostage to the surface one minute outside the allotted hour, getting 47 points; Viktor Krum, using a partial Transfiguration, returned second with his hostage for 40 points. Harry Potter returned last, but according to the Merchieftainess' report, arrived at the hostages first, and was delayed by his determination to free all the hostages, not only his own. Most of the judges feel this shows moral fiber and deserves full marks. Harry is awarded 45 points, tying him for first place with Cedric.

Ludo announces the next task is scheduled for the 24th of June; the Champions will be briefed about the task's nature exactly one month prior. Harry is immensely relieved that the second task is over, and there is nothing to worry about until 24 June. He resolves that next Hogsmeade trip, he will buy Dobby a year's supply of socks.

[edit] Analysis

Harry's performance during the second task reflects how he behaves in most situations. As the first Champion to reach the tethered hostages (with help from Moaning Myrtle), he then feels obligated to ensure the other three "victims" are rescued. And though Harry behaved admirably during the first task by tipping off Cedric about the dragons, here his reasoning is flawed. It never occurs to him that every possible safety precaution has been implemented and the volunteers' lives were never endangered. Rather than heading for the surface, guaranteeing a win, he instead waits for the other Champions to arrive and retrieve their hostages, then insists on "rescuing" Gabrielle when Fleur fails to show. Only later does Harry realize how foolishly he behaved when Ron and Hermione insist they were always safe and that Dumbledore would never jeopardize any student's safety. It actually would have been more logical for Harry to search for the missing Fleur, as the Triwizard Champions lack the same protection as the volunteers. Destined since birth as the "chosen one", Harry's ongoing conflict with Voldemort has skewed his overall thinking somewhat, and, in his mind, the battle has become his burden alone to carry, his mission to accomplish by himself. As a result, Harry feels compelled to rush in and be the hero whenever he feels others are threatened, even those able to fight their own battles. Though Harry feels he must face most obstacles alone, he is only able to compete in the Tournament because others such as Hermione, Moody, Dobby, Cedric, and Hagrid have guided him, and will continue to do so. While Harry is gradually learning to rely on others, he is still generally reluctant to accept outside help, especially when it is suspicious characters like Ludo Bagman, who Harry now suspects has some ulterior motive. Even though Harry's heroism was misguided, it is still rewarded when Dumbledore persuades the judges to assign Harry extra points for "moral fiber."

Harry foolishly protecting the hostages from a nonexistent danger does have a very real and useful value in the story. This light on Harry's character suggests quite strongly that under real dangerous circumstances, he would never abandon others in peril, even to save himself.

Harry is also learning that things are sometimes other than what they initially appear to be. As with the Veela, the Merpeople are first introduced to readers as beautiful ethereal creatures, as represented by the stylized painting in the Prefects' bathroom. Harry is rather shocked to discover that their true appearance is far different. The author shows here that beauty, or the lack of it, does not accurately reflect any person's inner character, although assumptions are often based on superficial physical traits. And while appearance may legitimately represent someone's character to a limited degree, it is mostly one's actions that determine who and what an individual or group truly are. While Merpeople have a rather hideous and scary appearance, they are benign beings loyal to Dumbledore and Hogwarts. Harry, forgetting this was only a competition, got a little carried away with his "rescue mission" and rushed to judgment when faced with something unknown; he adopted a defensive and threatening posture against the Mermen that was based more on appearances than actions, even though these were obviously Tournament officials.

Curiously, Harry seems to pay little attention to Cho Chang immediately after the event. He notices Madame Pomfrey tending to her injuries, but following that, he only focuses on Hermione, Ron, and the judges. This may indicate that his infatuation, if that is what it is, with Cho may be waning, or was less than he thought it was.

It is interesting that Hermione is apparently angry when Fleur kisses Ron, even though it is quite innocent and Viktor Krum is also attempting to attract Hermione's attention. Although Harry is in no state to notice Hermione's furious expression when she witnesses this, we are presumably meant to see it, as it hints that Hermione may have serious feelings for Ron.

This is the second time the Grindylows have been seen, the first being in Professor Lupin's office in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. At that time, it was noted that the Grindylow's fingers are extraordinarily long and relatively easy to break, but Harry does not use this information when he is attacked.

One must wonder why Fleur is portrayed as having so much trouble getting past the Grindylows. She must be among the best that Beauxbatons has to offer, or Madame Maxime would not have brought her to the Tournament, and yet her magic seems, comparatively, rather weak. We are not presented with any reason for this portrayal.

The "water-beetle" in Hermione's hair should be noted.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Harry stay and help the other Champions with the task, allowing them to reach the surface before he does?
2. Was Gabrielle in any danger? What prompted Harry to rescue her?
3. What do Ron and Hermione tell Harry after the second task, and why does that embarrasses him?
4. Were the judges justified in awarding Harry extra points for "moral fiber"? Just what did Harry do to earn that?

[edit] Further Study

1. The other Champions were prepared for the second task. Why were Harry, Ron, and Hermione unable to find a spell for breathing underwater?
2. Why does Hermione look so furious just after the task? Why did Krum try to distract her?
3. Why might Sirius want to know when the next Hogsmeade weekend is?

[edit] Greater Picture

The water-beetle, of course, will turn out to be Rita Skeeter, who is an unregistered Animagus. Overhearing the private conversation between Hermione and Viktor, she will use that as the basis of a scurrilous story that will appear in Witch Weekly at the beginning of the next chapter. That story will create a rift between Hermione and Mrs. Weasley that will remain unresolved until the book's end.

Harry's need to be the "hero" will play a crucial, and ultimately tragic, role in Book Five, Harry Potter and the The Order of the Phoenix. Hermione later admonishes Harry for always wanting to rush to the rescue, even when there is no real danger, and citing the underwater "hostages" as an example. Despite her warning, when Harry receives a vision that Voldemort is torturing Sirius, he immediately goes to save him without verifying first if the vision is genuine or considering whether or not his predictable behavior is being used to lure him into a trap.

We are here also seemingly laying the groundwork for the creation of an alliance between Hogwarts (in the person of Hermione) and Durmstrang (represented by Krum). By the time this is actually useful, Krum will have graduated – as he did not grow a beard when crossing the Age Line, he must have been at least 17-years-old, making him either a sixth or seventh year student – but he may well have some influence in that part of the world. In fact, while Krum will reappear in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, his contribution will be more personal; the alliance will be with Hermione rather than with Hogwarts, and will simply allow Harry to remember a specific fact that will be useful in the remainder of his quest.

Chapter 27: Padfoot Returns

[edit] Synopsis

After the Second Task, everyone wants to hear what happened in the lake, which makes Ron much in demand. His stories become more embellished with each retelling until Hermione acidly suggests that the only way he could have battled Merpeople would have been to snore at them. After that, Ron reverts to the original enchanted-sleep version.

The March weather is extremely windy, causing delays in the owl post. The Friday before the Hogsmeade weekend, the owl Harry sent to Sirius returns with its feathers ruffled the wrong way. It immediately takes off once Harry retrieves the letter, as if afraid it will be sent out again. Sirius asks Harry to be at the stile beyond Dervish and Banges at two o'clock Saturday and to bring food. Ron is amazed that Sirius could be back in Hogsmeade. Harry wonders how he dares to, but Ron points out it is no longer swarming with Dementors.

When they arrive at Potions class, the Slytherins are huddled around something and sniggering. Pansy Parkinson tosses Hermione a copy of Witch Weekly. Hermione riffles through it, finding an article, Harry Potter's Secret Heartache, by Rita Skeeter. The article suggests that Hermione is Harry's girlfriend and is abandoning him for Viktor Krum, who has invited her to visit him during the summer. Hermione is unimpressed, even by Pansy Parkinson's quote that insinuates Hermione might be using love potions. She wonders how Skeeter knew about Krum's invitation. Ron is interested in hearing how she answered, but she ignores this. Professor Snape approaches from behind and penalizes Gryffindor ten points for Hermione's talking and ten more for having Witch Weekly in class. He reads Rita Skeeter's article aloud to gales of laughter from the Slytherins. Snape now separates the three, placing Hermione with Pansy, leaving Ron where he is, and placing Harry at the table immediately facing his desk. In a soft undertone, Snape accuses Harry of stealing Boomslang skin and Gillyweed from his stores. Harry remembers that Hermione stole Boomslang skin during their second year to make the Polyjuice potion and that Dobby swiped the Gillyweed, but he lies and claims he has no idea what Snape is talking about. Snape produces a vial containing Veritaserum. Just three drops in Harry's pumpkin juice, Snape threatens, and Harry would babble his innermost secrets. Igor Karkaroff enters the dungeon wanting to speak to Snape, who says they can talk after class. Karkaroff claims Snape has been avoiding him and stays until the class ends. Harry knocks over his armadillo bile, and, crouching behind his cauldron, sees Karkaroff show Snape his left forearm. He says, "It has never been that clear, not since . . ." Snape orders him to put it away, they can discuss it later. Spotting Harry, he demands to know what he is doing there. Harry replies innocently that he is cleaning up his armadillo bile. Karkaroff leaves, and Harry decides it would be a good idea to do likewise.

On Saturday, the Hogsmeade weekend, Harry, Ron, and Hermione grab extra food from lunch and set off for the village. They buy socks for Dobby at Gladrags Wizard Wear, and then head past Dervish and Banges, finding a stile and a familiar-looking black dog. The dog leads them to a cave in the surrounding mountainside. Inside is a tethered Buckbeak. The dog transforms into Sirius. Famished from living mostly on rats, he tears into the chicken. Harry's letters, he says between bites, have made events sound increasingly suspicious, especially when combined with what Sirius reads in scrounged Daily Prophets. Sirius claims that Crouch being sick is unusual; Harry mentions that he had looked bad when the Goblet selected the Triwizard Champions. When Hermione says he is getting his just desserts for firing his House-elf, Winky, Harry explains about the Quidditch World Cup and his wand being stolen. Sirius asks if Harry checked his pockets before leaving the top box, but Harry says he did not check until he was in the woods. Sirius suggests someone could have lifted Harry's wand; Ron suspects Lucius Malfoy, although Hermione reminds them Ludo Bagman was also there. Sirius wonders why Bagman keeps offering to help Harry win the Tournament. According to Sirius, Crouch taking days off is uncharacteristic. It was Crouch who sent him to Azkaban without a trial. Pressed for more explanation, Sirius explains how desperate times resulted in desperate measures, including using deadly force against suspected Death Eaters. Crouch, who headed the Aurors, championed these measures, achieving some results. He was tapped as the next Minister for Magic until his son, Barty Crouch, Jr., was found with Death Eaters who were attempting to return Voldemort to power. Crouch presided over his own son's trial and sentenced him to Azkaban. Sirius says Crouch and his wife made a deathbed visit to their son, and he later saw Dementors burying him. Crouch lost his son, his wife (who died shortly after), and his shot at the Ministry, eventually getting shunted aside to the Department of International Magical Cooperation.

Sirius suspects Crouch wants to capture one last Dark Wizard to revive his career, although it is unlikely Crouch would make a special trip to Hogwarts to search Snape's office. He had ample excuse to do that when he was there for the Triwizard judging. Ron and Hermione start squabbling over whether or not Snape is a Dark Wizard. Sirius says Snape certainly associated with Slytherins who became Death Eaters: Rosier and Wilkes; Bellatrix Lestrange and her husband; Avery, but Snape was never accused. Harry mentions that Snape and Karkaroff know each other and tells how Karkaroff showed Snape something on his arm, although Sirius does not know what that could be. When Ron mentions that his brother is Mr. Crouch's personal assistant, Sirius asks him to learn what he can from Percy about Mr. Crouch's illness and also about Bertha Jorkins' disappearance. Bagman was quoted in an article as saying that Bertha's memory is very bad, but Sirius claims that is untrue. Bertha had an excellent memory while at school, at least for gossip. At 3:30 p.m., Sirius sends the Trio back to Hogwarts. He wants to be updated on any new information and reminds them to address letters to him as "Snuffles." In his dog form, he leaves with them to scrounge for another newspaper in the village. Ron wonders if Percy knew about Mr. Crouch, but concludes that he would probably approve Crouch's refusal to bend the rules for his own son; Percy loves rules after all.

[edit] Analysis

Although Hermione deflates Ron's exaggerated boasts about his participation in the second task, he nonetheless remains rather pleased with himself, basking in some unfamiliar but welcomed attention that is, for once, separate from Harry's celebrity. Meanwhile, Harry must defend himself for something he did not do—stealing from Snape's stores. Snape certainly has some legitimate reason to suspect Harry. During Harry's second year, as mentioned above, Hermione stole Boomslang skin and Bicorn horn from Snape's office to make Polyjuice Potion. No doubt Harry remembers this, but he is unsure whether Snape is talking about that occasion, or something more recent. The Gillyweed that Snape mentions most certainly is more recent than that; Harry knows that Dobby had stolen it, so that Harry could get his "Wheezy" back. Though Harry can rightfully protest that he was not involved in either theft, he does believe that he knows who was responsible in both cases.

Readers, along with the boys in the school, have watched as Hermione has blossomed from a smart, but rather plain girl into an intelligent, attractive young woman. Despite new-found male attention, she avoids developing an inflated ego as other girls might, or relying on feminine wiles to get what she wants. Instead, she remains grounded and unaffected as she matures in more significant ways, never feeling too intimidated to use her abilities and intellect. Unfazed by Pansy Parkinson's and Snape's feeble attempts to embarrass her in class, Hermione merely shrugs it off, and, ignoring Ron's inquiries about Krum, instead focuses her attention on figuring out just how Rita Skeeter learned about Viktor Krum's invitation. Considering her usual determination, she likely will not stop until she has found an answer. And though Hermione now has a potential (if currently one-sided) romantic relationship with Viktor, her loyalty is only to Hogwarts and her friends, and she is committed to helping Harry succeed in each task, help for which she rarely seeks any credit.

Having returned to England, and now with his meeting Harry in Hogsmeade, Sirius shows his devotion and concern for his godson, even though Sirius is taking a huge risk that he could be caught and, as a fugitive, there is actually little he can do to help Harry. Sirius thrives on risk taking, however, and his long confinement in Azkaban and being on the run may have impaired his judgment somewhat. Regardless, the Trio are delighted to see him, and having his godfather close by, giving him the love and security he sorely craves but rarely feels, revitalizes Harry. Sirius also provides the Trio some valuable information, including much about Mr. Crouch, a man who was apparently so cold-heartedly dedicated to his job that he would convict and sentence his own son to life imprisonment in Azkaban for having been found with Death Eaters, although it was never proved if Barty was actually one himself. Whether or not Crouch Jr. deserved such a severe punishment, most fathers in that situation would have recused themselves to allow another judge to preside over the case. Crouch's motive appears to have been to protect his own reputation by showing he would unhesitatingly mete out justice to his own son. But the scandal forever tainted his career, and he was consequently demoted to a relatively menial position. Sirius is also particularly curious as to why Mr. Crouch's saved seat at the World Cup remained empty, questioning why someone so involved in the Tournament is apparently off doing something else.

Bagman stated for the Daily Prophet that Bertha Jorkins had a bad memory. While that claim was apparently untrue when Sirius knew her in school, the implication is that her memory had deteriorated or been magically altered before she vanished.

Harry wonders why Ludo Bagman always wants to help him with the Tournament. While it is possible that Bagman is a Death Eater and may have been attempting to put Harry in harm's way, this is unlikely as Bagman actually seems to be trying to help Harry, although just why is unknown. However, we have already seen that Bagman is a gambler, and while there is still little evidence regarding this, he may be trying to influence the Tournament's outcome because he is wagering on Harry to win. Sirius seems to re-enforce Harry's suspicions when he also wonders what Bagman's motive might be in helping Harry.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. What does Karkaroff show Snape on his arm? Why does he accuse Snape of avoiding him? Is he right?
2. How does Ron's version about his underwater experience compare to Hermione's? What accounts for this difference?
3. Has Boomslang skin been seen before? If so, where, and what was it used for?
4. Why is Sirius suspicious about Mr. Crouch's illness?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why doesn't Harry repair his water-damaged wristwatch with a Reparo spell?
2. How did Rita Skeeter know that Viktor Krum invited Hermione to visit him? Why is Ron interested in knowing how Hermione responded?
3. Why does Snape suspect that it was Harry who broke into his office? Are Snape's suspicions justified?
4. Who might be stealing the Boomslang skin and Gillyweed? Why?
5. Why would Mr. Crouch have presided over his own son's trial and sentence him to Azkaban prison rather than allow another judge to oversee the case?
6. If Bertha Jorkins had as excellent a memory in school as Sirius claims, why would she have had problems with it now?
7. Why would Ludo Bagman want to help Harry win the Tournament?
8. Why does Sirius think Mr. Crouch's seat remaining empty at the Quidditch World Cup is significant?

[edit] Greater Picture

While Harry seems to believe that the Boomslang skin theft is from two years back, we will discover that it is a more recent occurrence. Shortly after Harry sees Bartemius Crouch in Snape's office on the Marauder's Map, Snape discovers Boomslang skin is again missing. It is reasonable to assume that Snape would connect the missing Boomslang skin to his office being broken into, which happened the same night. It is further reasonable that Snape, believing Harry to be out after hours when the Egg and the Marauder's Map are found, suspects that Harry may be involved in making some unauthorized potion again. Harry, of course, has no idea that anyone is using Polyjuice Potion, so he can only make a connection to Hermione's earlier theft. Interestingly, Snape does not seem to suspect that Hermione may be involved, even though she is apparently far more adept at Potions than Harry, and it was she who brewed the Polyjuice Potion two years before.

Although Harry has yet to figured this out, it was actually Barty Crouch, Jr. who was in Snape's office the night Harry was nearly caught by Snape and Filch. Barty Jr. is, as we later discover, using Polyjuice Potion to disguise himself as Moody; when Harry saw who he believed was Crouch Sr. on the Marauder's Map, it was actually Barty Jr. getting the necessary potion ingredients for his next batch.

Readers learn that Bartemius Crouch, Sr. sentenced Barty, Jr. to Azkaban, demonstrating how he mercilessly convicted any Death Eater, even his own son. However, it will be revealed later that it was Crouch Sr., along with his dying wife, who planned and executed the successful scheme to free Barty, Jr. from Azkaban. While Barty confesses that Bartemius had arranged Barty's escape at his mother's (Bartemius' wife's) request, Bartemius' actions were probably motivated by something more than a father rescuing his son from a miserable fate—a fate that he personally dealt him. Bartemius was an ambitious, dedicated, and rather ruthless Ministry official who was on track to become Minister for Magic. By convicting Barty, Bartemius may have been attempting to protect his own career by displaying no partiality. However, the embarrassing scandal and the ensuing fallout caused the Ministry of Magic to shunt Bartemius aside into a relatively unimportant and low-profile job, forever derailing his lofty goals. Freeing Barty may partly have been a vengeful act against the Ministry for their callous ill-treatment. Indeed, there appears to have been little love between father and son that would have compelled Bartemius to free him, and he had openly disowned Barty; and if Mrs. Crouch's plan was to save Barty from lifelong incarceration, leaving him locked up in the Crouch home was little improvement over his previous situation and certainly not what she would have wished. Bartemius had little choice but to keep his son confined, however, rightly suspecting that Barty would bolt and return to Voldemort's service. The parent-child relationship is complicated, ever-changing, and has many facets, and though Bartemius may have sought retaliation against the Ministry, he may also have been unable to live with what he had doomed his son to, as well as wanting to honor his wife's dying wish.

Sirius says he has no idea if Barty, Jr. was a Death Eater, only that he was found in the company of known Death Eaters, including Bellatrix Lestrange, Sirius' cousin. It will be revealed that Barty is indeed a loyal Death Eater who participated in torturing into insanity the Aurors Frank and Alice Longbottom to extract information about what had happened to Voldemort. Neville has never revealed to his classmates what happened to his parents, but Harry learns about this in a later chapter; at Dumbledore's request, Harry keeps Neville's secret to himself.

When speaking about Bartemius Crouch, Sirius tells Harry, "If you want to know what a man's like, take a good look at how he treats his inferiors, not his equals." We will see later with Kreacher that Sirius, at least in this respect, does not treat his subordinate well. However, Kreacher is half-mad and fanatically loyal to the late Mrs. Black, who disowned her son, and he despises Sirius. This may account for Sirius' unkind treatment.

Sirius also mentions that Snape was never accused of being a Death Eater. This is not quite true: we find out later that he had been accused, but Dumbledore vouched for his having become a double agent before Voldemort fell.

By this book's end, we will learn the story behind Bertha Jorkins. Bertha, who has been missing and is eventually found to be dead, worked for Bartemius Crouch Sr. She happened to visit his home when Bartemius was gone and accidentally discovered that Barty, recently escaped from Azkaban, was alive and being hidden there. Either Bartemius or Winky, the Crouch's House-elf, used a memory charm on her to protect their secret. This charm, as it had to mask out large areas of her memory, apparently affected her overall memory. Soon after, she was transferred to Ludo Bagman's department. Ludo, who had never met her before the memory charm had been applied, only knew her when she was having spell-induced memory problems, prompting his comment in the Daily Prophet about her poor memory.

Chapter 28: The Madness of Mr. Crouch

[edit] Synopsis

The next day, as Sirius requested, Ron sends a message to Percy asking for any additional information about Mr. Crouch. Then he, Harry, and Hermione, visit the kitchens to give Dobby his socks. Dobby is ecstatic, and Ron takes advantage of his evident joy to ask for any leftover eclairs. Hermione is amazed, as he has just eaten breakfast, but it reminds Harry that Sirius asked for some extra food. Ron also requests some. Hermione asks about Winky, and Dobby points her out sitting by the fire. She is filthy, quite evidently not caring for herself, and apparently drunk. Dobby confides that she is drinking six bottles of Butterbeer a day, pining for her old master, Mr. Crouch. Harry asks Winky if she knows what is wrong with Mr. Crouch, and Winky says Mr. Crouch needs her. Not only did she care for him and his house, Mr. Crouch entrusted her with his greatest secrets. She then passes out on the hearth, and other Elves apologetically cover her up. Hermione is unhappy that the House-elves try cheering her up, but the head kitchen Elf says, "House-elves has no right to be unhappy when there is work to be done and Masters to be served." Hermione embarrasses Dobby when she cites him as an example of how they can be independent. The House-elves, also seemingly embarrassed, push Ron, Harry, and Hermione from the kitchens, along with the extra food they gave them. Ron is convinced the House-elves will never allow them in the kitchens again, while Hermione is upset Ron did nothing to promote House-elf liberation. Harry, tired of their squabbling, takes the extra food to the Owlery by himself and sends it to Sirius. He then relishes the peace, watching Hagrid digging by his hut until night falls.

The next day, Hermione, looking for her new subscription to the Daily Prophet in the post, is surprised to receive many owl letters. It is hate mail, inspired by Rita Skeeter's article about the Harry-Hermione-Viktor "love triangle" in Witch Weekly. One letter contains raw Bubotuber pus, which sends Hermione to the hospital wing with boils on her hands. As Ron and Harry head to Care of Magical Creatures class, they notice Hagrid has numerous open boxes. Ron dreads it might be another Skrewt hatching, but the boxes contain Nifflers. Hagrid has buried some gold, which the Nifflers are attracted to. Each student takes a Niffler, which dive in and out of the freshly turned dirt. Hagrid says that the student whose Niffler returns the most gold at the end of the hour wins a prize. He cautions Goyle not to steal any; it is Leprechaun gold, and it will quickly vanish. Ron's Niffler finds the most gold, winning Ron a slab of Honeyduke's chocolate. As Ron, Harry, and also Hermione, who has returned from the infirmary, head for the castle, Ron suddenly remembers that the gold he gave Harry at the Quidditch World Cup to pay for the omnioculars that summer was Leprechaun gold. Embarrassed that his debt remains unpaid, he asks why Harry never told him it had vanished. When Harry replies he simply never noticed, Ron, quite upset, wishes he could be so rich that he, too, would not notice that a ruddy great lot of gold had simply disappeared.

The hate mail continues. Hermione dares not open it now, but some are Howlers that explode at the table, screaming insults at her. Hermione again wonders how Rita knew about Viktor Krum's invitation, or that Hagrid had told Madame Maxime he was half-Giant. Hermione checks with Professor Moody, who says Skeeter is not using an Invisibility Cloak. Harry suggests Rita may have them electronically bugged, but Hermione says that is impossible. Muggle devices are ineffective at Hogwarts because there is too much magic. She leaves to try and figure it out.

Percy's response to Ron's inquiry about Mr. Crouch does not arrive until the end of Easter break. It is uninformative, reiterating only what was reported in The Daily Prophet. Easter eggs also arrive from Ron's mother, who has sent huge chocolate eggs filled with toffee for Ron and Harry, and only a tiny egg for Hermione. Ron confirms that his mother reads Witch Weekly.

One evening in late May, Professor McGonagall sends Harry to the Quidditch pitch for the meeting about the third Triwizard task. Along the way, Harry meets up with Cedric. Reaching the pitch, Harry is dismayed that it has been transformed into a massive hedge maze. In the center is Ludo Bagman, along with the other Champions, Fleur Delacour and Viktor Krum. Bagman says the Triwizard Cup will be at the center, and there are spells and creatures (provided by Hagrid) they must overcome. The first Champion to reach and touch the Cup receives full marks. Harry is a little concerned, knowing the creatures Hagrid will likely provide. As they exit the maze, Bagman asks for a word with Harry; Viktor Krum also wants to speak to Harry. Guessing what Ludo wants to talk about, Harry chooses to speak with Viktor. Near the Forbidden Forest, Krum asks if Hermione is Harry's girlfriend. Taken aback, Harry assures Viktor they are only friends. As Harry is about to leave, something moves in the Forest behind Krum. Harry draws his wand, but is surprised to see Mr. Crouch, who has apparently gone insane. He is talking to a tree he believes is Percy Weasley. He demands to see Professor Dumbledore. Leaving Krum to guard Mr. Crouch, Harry runs to the castle for help.

Finding the entrance to Dumbledore's office, Harry uses the password, but it no longer works. The entrance suddenly opens to reveal Professor Snape, who says that Dumbledore is too busy for any nonsense. While Harry struggles to get past Snape, the doorway opens again and Dumbledore appears. When Harry reports that Mr. Crouch is on the grounds, Dumbledore asks him to show the way. As they head for the Forbidden Forest, Harry recounts what he saw. With each revelation, Dumbledore moves faster, until they are running. As they arrive, Harry and Dumbledore find that Krum has been Stunned, and Mr. Crouch is gone. Dumbledore sends a message to summon Hagrid, then revives Krum. Viktor says Crouch attacked him from behind. When Hagrid arrives, Dumbledore instructs him to bring Karkaroff and Professor Moody. Moody appears before Hagrid leaves, saying Snape told him where Dumbledore had gone. Dumbledore says it is imperative they find Crouch. Moody pulls out his wand and leaves while Hagrid fetches Karkaroff. When they return, Karkaroff begins ranting that a Triwizard judge attacked his Champion. He claims it is obvious treachery and accuses Dumbledore of complicity. Hagrid loses his temper and, picking up Karkaroff, threatens him. Dumbledore calms Hagrid enough that he sets down Karkaroff. Dumbledore has Hagrid escort Harry to Gryffindor Tower and orders Harry to stay there until morning. Any messages he wants to send can wait until then. Harry wonders how Dumbledore knew he was planning to write to Sirius. As he enters the Tower, he immediately updates Ron and Hermione about what happened.

[edit] Analysis

Prior to this chapter, Dumbledore suspected that there could be a dark plot against Harry, while others simply believed he cheated to enter the Tournament. Now more sinister events are unfolding that seemingly support Dumbledore and that could be threatening Harry and the other Champions, although this may or may not sway the doubters' opinions. Mr. Crouch's behavior, although erratic, indicates he probably knows something so dire that he had to somehow get himself to Hogwarts to warn Dumbledore. His disappearance and the attack on Krum only fuels this speculation. However, it is unclear just who stunned Krum or why or where Mr. Crouch has disappeared. Snape's behavior also seems suspicious here. His attempt to block Harry from reaching Dumbledore's office may indicate he knows something about what has just happened and wants to prevent Dumbledore from immediately finding out, although this may just be his usual dismissiveness regarding anything to do with Harry.

Meanwhile, Hermione's mission to liberate House-elves is stymied again, this time by the Elves who continually resist change, insisting they are happy only when there is work to be done. Scorning Dobby, they believe freedom is shameful, and the pathetic Winky only proves how miserable their lives would become without masters to serve. It is doubtful if Hermione can ever overcome this obstacle. Hermione is also experiencing the full brunt of Rita Skeeter's vicious story about her. Although Hermione had previously brushed it off, she probably never anticipated the hateful backlash that so many strangers are now heaping on her. Skeeter represents how powerful the media is and the way it in which it can easily victimize someone by swaying readers opinions, either with the truth, lies, or both. Curiously, Skeeter's equally slanderous article about Hagrid being a dangerous giant had the opposite effect, with readers rushing to his defense. While many may personally know Hagrid, prompting their support, it seems that Hermione is being unfairly judged by a different standard here, with the public reacting as if she is an "unfaithful hussy" who is two-timing Harry and Viktor, two well-known and admired young wizards. Surprisingly, even Mrs. Weasley believes Skeeter, becoming hostile towards Hermione, despite knowing both her and Harry so well.

Krum's asking Harry if there is anything between him and Hermione is a clear indication that Krum is romantically pursuing her. Krum, like many series fans, mistakenly believes Hermione and Harry are "an item," because Hermione often talks about Harry and (presumably) his exploits. Readers should notice Ron's jealousy over their developing relationship, through this book and the next, and how little the relationship seems to discomfit Harry. It is also interesting how little Ron understands his true feelings for Hermione, even explicitly disclaiming them after the Yule Ball.

Ron struggles with other issues, and the Nifflers episode is a mechanism for him to discover that the Leprechaun gold he paid Harry for the omnioculars had vanished. Harry claiming that he was unaware that it was gone only further upsets Ron, who feels Harry has so much money that he does not even notice when it disappears. The author has stated that this is meant to contrast Harry's relative wealth with the Weasley's ongoing poverty, a situation that Ron abhors and is continually embarrassed about. It also causes him to occasionally resent Harry, although Ron fails to understand that his family's financial woes are unrelated to Harry, nor does Harry ever flaunt his affluence.

One thing to note here also is how Dumbledore summons Hagrid. Dumbledore actually casts and sends a Patronus with a message for Hagrid; this method of dispatching messages was apparently developed by Dumbledore.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why would Ludo Bagman want to speak to Harry?
2. How does Hermione embarrass Dobby? Was it intentional? What is Dobby's reaction?
3. Why is Harry worried about what creatures Hagrid may put in the maze? Is he right to be concerned?
4. Why would Mrs. Weasley, who knows Hermione, be angry at her? Is it justified?
5. Why would Karkaroff believe that a Triwizard judge and Dumbledore are involved in the attack on Krum? Is there any proof for that?
6. Why does Percy Weasley send Ron so little information about Mr. Crouch?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Harry feel it is safe to meet privately with Krum? They are both Champions; eliminating Harry would improve Krum's chances significantly.
2. Why was Viktor Krum Stunned? Who might have done this?
3. Why would Mr. Crouch suddenly appear at Hogwarts to see Dumbledore? What might be causing his strange behavior?
4. Why would Snape want to prevent Harry from seeing Dumbledore, especially during an emergency?
5. What secrets might Mr. Crouch have entrusted to Winky? If these secrets were vital, why would he have discharged her from his house?
6. Why is public reaction to Skeeter's story about Hermione so different from what it was about her story on Hagrid? Is Hermione being held to a different standard than Hagrid? If so, explain why and what that standard might be.
7. Why is Ron often upset with Harry for having money? Are Ron's feeling justified? What is Harry's reaction?

[edit] Greater Picture

The many hidden events in this chapter are explained in Chapter 35. Barty Crouch was alerted to Mr. Crouch's escape by Voldemort, and using the Marauder's Map, saw Crouch enter the grounds. Concealed under an Invisibility Cloak, Barty Jr. tracked his father to where Harry and Krum found him. After Harry went for help, Barty stunned Krum, killed his father and hid his remains under the Cloak. He then returned as Moody to where he had stunned Krum, claiming Snape told him something was amiss; presumably, he had seen Snape and Harry's altercation on the Map. Later, he buried his father's remains in the same ground the Nifflers had been digging in.

Hermione will discover Rita Skeeter's secret before the end of the book.

The Imperius curse's effects, as shown in this chapter, are apparently inconsistent with what Harry experiences when Professor Moody casts it on him in class, although Moody may have been using a milder version for the in-class demonstration. In Chapter 35, Barty Crouch Jr. states that his father was controlled by Voldemort using the Imperius curse. Both Bartemius Crouch and Voldemort are powerful wizards, and Bartemius was attempting to break the Imperius curse for the past several months. It is now late May, and Voldemort and Wormtail attacked and placed Bartemius under this curse in late August, nine months previously. It is possible that resisting Voldemort for that long damaged Bartemius' mind to the point that he was able to escape Voldemort's control over him. This tallies with Bartemius' disorientation when Harry finds him in the Forbidden Forest. In the next chapter, Voldemort blames Wormtail for Crouch's escape, punishing him severely for his failure.

In Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, Tonks casts a Patronus and sends it off carrying a message, using the same technique that Dumbledore uses to summon Hagrid in this chapter. The author has stated that this method was invented by Dumbledore, and has only been revealed to members of the Order of the Phoenix; it is used to carry messages between Order members. We will see it used thrice more in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows; once by Kingsley Shacklebolt announcing the fall of the Ministry, and twice by Mr. Weasley, to announce the arrival of the Minister Of Magic at the Burrow, and to reassure the gone-to-ground Ron that the rest of the family is all right.

Chapter 29: The Dream

[edit] Synopsis

Harry, Ron, and Hermione discuss the evening's event far into the night but are unable to determine who Stunned Krum or what happened to Mr. Crouch. They are still trying to figure it out in the morning when they go to the Owlery to send Sirius a message letting him know what is happening. Fred and George suddenly arrive. Thinking they were alone, they had been discussing whether what they are doing looked like blackmail, but upon seeing the Trio, they halt their conversation and parry questions as they send off their letter. After their departure, Ron says they are serious about starting a joke shop, and not just to annoy their mother. They are trying to raise the money, which might cause them to avoid talking to Dumbledore, even if they know something about Mr. Crouch, if it might interfere with their funding.

After History of Magic class, they stop by Professor Moody's classroom, to learn what happened overnight; Moody says that even with Harry's map, he was unable to find Mr. Crouch. Ron thinks he Disapparated, but Hermione reminds him that is impossible on Hogwarts grounds and suggests there are other ways he could have departed the Forest. Moody suggests she consider becoming an Auror; her mind works the right way.

Sirius' letter arrives the next morning. Surprisingly, he lectures Harry over how risky it was to stray out-of-bounds with Viktor Krum and demands he stay put. Harry thinks this is rather rich coming from Sirius, but Hermione says Sirius and Moody are right: someone put Harry's name in the Goblet for a reason, and it is safer to stay inside the school and practice for the Third Task.

For the next few days, Harry is stuck indoors practicing jinxes. Hermione thinks Harry has mastered the Stunning spell, using a somewhat battered Ron as a target, and suggests practicing the Impediment jinx. However, it is time for Divination class. Professor Trelawney lectures about planetary divination. The room is hot and the topic so boring that, lulled by an insect buzzing behind him, Harry falls asleep. He dreams he is flying on an eagle owl that goes into an old house, landing on a large armchair. Harry sees Wormtail writhing in pain on a hearthrug, as well as a large snake. A voice from the armchair says that Wormtail is in luck; his blunder has not ruined everything, the man is dead and that Harry Potter may also soon be dead. The voice then says that Wormtail needs another reminder not to blunder again and curses him again.

Harry wakes up screaming on the classroom floor, his scar burning. Brushing off Professor Trelawney's attempts to have him share his experience so she can interpret it, Harry leaves, ostensibly for the infirmary. Instead, he goes to see Dumbledore. Harry gives the gargoyle guarding Dumbledore's office the password, "sherbet lemon", but it fails to open. Other candy flavours also do not work. When he jokingly tries "cockroach cluster", the gargoyle leaps aside. Outside Dumbledore's office, Harry hears a conversation within. The Minister for Magic, Cornelius Fudge is attempting to put a positive spin on Bertha Jorkins' disappearance, saying there is no indication that there is foul play and also suggests that Crouch might have just wandered off. When Dumbledore says he would have had to wander rather quickly, Fudge implies that Madame Maxime could be involved with his disappearance, given her ancestry. Moody interrupts to say that Potter is outside, hearing everything.

[edit] Analysis

As in Chapter 1, Harry once again "dreams" about Voldemort, although he is unaware that he may actually be viewing events as they are occurring. His burning scar implies that there could be a telepathic connection between Harry and Voldemort, one that neither apparently is aware exists. It is interesting that in the dream, an eagle owl carries the message to Voldemort. Only twice before have eagle owls been seen; one flew towards the school, looped the Owlery, and flew away while Harry was lying under a tree by the lake. It is also mentioned in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone that Malfoy's eagle owl was always bringing him treats from home. Also, the house in the dream is described as being atop a hill, and the owl flies through a broken window in it. It is unclear if we are meant to draw a connection by these incidents, but the author may be dropping a subtle hint that the Malfoy family is tied to Voldemort, although there is no indication that they know Voldemort's whereabouts. The house could be the old Riddle manor near Little Hangleton, and it may be Voldemort's secret headquarters. Also, Wormtail's "blunder" that results in him being severely punished and the dead man Voldemort mentions are likely related to Mr. Crouch's mysterious disappearance, although just how and why remains unknown.

Despite Mr. Crouch's disappearance and the attack on Krum, Harry is a bit confused and annoyed with Sirius for ordering him to remain inside Hogwarts. Knowing that his godfather can often be daring and reckless himself, Harry feels Sirius is employing an unfair double standard here. But Sirius is being a responsible guardian who is acting in Harry's best interest, and he sternly orders Harry to stay put to prevent him from engaging in any unnecessary risky behavior. Sirius also believes there could be a plot against Harry's life, and knowing his godson as he does, he realizes Harry will likely be unconcerned about his own safety.

It is also a little curious that Harry hears an insect buzzing in the Divination classroom. Being that the room is located atop a tower, there should be fewer insects up there than there are closer to the ground. Granted, on at least one occasion Harry found an insect in the Divination classroom; he was practicing Summoning spells on it. Could there be any particular significance to Harry hearing an insect?

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Is Ron correct that if the Twins knew about Mr. Crouch's disappearance they would say nothing about it to Dumbledore? Why wouldn't they?
2. Why is Harry so surprised by what Sirius says in his letter? Given what we know at this point, is Sirius right?
3. Even though Moody has a magical eye, how does he know that Harry is listening outside Dumbledore's door?

[edit] Further Study

1. Just what might the Twins be doing that could be considered blackmail? Why do they refuse to explain what this is?
2. Why would Harry see an eagle owl in his dream?
3. How did an insect get so far up in the Tower?
4. Where might Mr. Crouch be? Why was Moody unable to find him on Harry's Marauders' Map?
5. Just how might Wormtail have blundered so badly that Voldemort punishes him for it? Could it be related to anything happening at Hogwarts? If so, what?
6. Why does Fudge continue to claim that nothing bad has happened to Bertha Jorkins? Is he right, and what is he basing his opinion on?

[edit] Greater Picture

The eagle owl is a slight misdirection; at this point, the only Death Eaters who know that Voldemort is still alive are Barty Crouch and Wormtail. This remains true until after Voldemort summons his Death Eaters, about a month from now in our story. In his present state, Voldemort is relatively weak, and he wants to avoid revealing his presence by alerting the Death Eaters.

We will also learn later that Voldemort had been hiding in London, in Bartemius Crouch's house, while Mr. Crouch was under Wormtail's control with the Imperius Curse. Once Crouch escaped, however, that house was no longer safe, because when Crouch was found it would lead his finders back to the Crouch residence. At that point, Voldemort and Wormtail would have had to shift to new quarters, and Riddle Manor was likely the most opportune. With Frank Bryce gone, it is unlikely anyone would dare enter the grounds anyway; and if they did, Wormtail would easily be able to dissuade them.

In some possible foreshadowing, George, as he is sending off his owl, tells Ron that he is starting to sound like their older brother, Percy, and warns him that if he continues, he will be made Prefect. Ron, to his and everyone's great surprise, is made a Gryffindor Prefect in the next book.

The buzzing insect in the Divination classroom is Rita Skeeter in her unregistered Animagus form, spying on Harry. Considering that Harry had previously practiced spells on an insect in the Divination classroom, it is lucky for Skeeter that he did not do so this time, although this could have proved particularly entertaining for the readers.

Chapter 30: The Pensieve

[edit] Synopsis

Professor Moody opens the door and invites Harry in. Cornelius Fudge asks if it was he who found Mr. Crouch. Knowing it is useless to pretend he did not overhear their conversation, Harry admits he did, but says that Madame Maxime was not there, adding, "And she'd have a job hiding, wouldn't she?" Fudge suggests he return to class, but Harry wants to see Professor Dumbledore. Dumbledore suggests he wait there while he, Professor Moody, and Fudge survey the spot where Mr. Crouch was found.

Alone in Dumbledore's office, Harry is intrigued by a shimmering light on the wall. Hunting its source, he finds a partially opened cupboard containing a stone bowl. It is filled with an odd, glittering, substance, halfway between a liquid and a gas. Inside it he sees a torch-lit stone room, filled with tiny witches and wizards. He moves closer for a better view, poking it with his wand, but when his nose tip touches the surface, he is catapulted into the scene. Nobody notices him, not even Professor Dumbledore next to him. Harry recalls when he similarly observed Tom Riddle's memories, and settles down to watch.

Harry has tumbled into a courtroom, an empty chair with chains on its arms sits in the middle. A trial is underway, and spectators are watching a door, which soon opens and two Dementors enter, dragging Igor Karkaroff between them. Karkaroff is placed in the chair; the Dementors exit, and the chains glow golden and enwrap Karkaroff's arms and legs. The proceedings are headed by a younger Bartemius Crouch; Alastor Moody is also present, talking to Dumbledore. Karkaroff, bargaining for his freedom, offers to identify Death Eaters. He names Antonin Dolohov, but Crouch responds he is already in custody. Increasingly desperate, Karkaroff mentions Evan Rosier, Travers, and Mulciber, only to hear that each has been captured or killed. He finally mentions Augustus Rookwood, who works in the Department of Mysteries and was passing information to Voldemort. Crouch admits they did not know about Rookwood, but then says Karkaroff will be returned to Azkaban while they deliberate. In desperation, Karkaroff says that Severus Snape was a Death Eater. Dumbledore rises to say that while Severus had been a Death Eater, he had turned double agent before Voldemort's downfall and is now no more a Death Eater than Dumbledore himself.

The memory fades and returns. It is the same room, but the atmosphere is lighter. This time, it is a younger Ludo Bagman who walks into the room and takes a seat. To his evident relief, the chair does not chain him. Mr. Crouch says he stands accused of aiding Death Eaters. Bagman claims he was a bit idiotic, being unaware that Rookwood was working for Death Eaters. He believed he was collecting information for "our side." The Wizengamot votes to free him, although Moody and Crouch are annoyed at this outcome.

Again the memory fades. When the room returns, it is grimmer. As a witch sobs in the center, a door opens to admit six Dementors escorting four people. Over the woman's piteous cries, a gaunter-looking Mr. Crouch says they stand accused of using the Cruciatus Curse on the Auror Frank Longbottom in an attempt to discover Voldemort's whereabouts. That failing, they then used it on his wife, Alice Longbottom. He calls for the Wizengamot to vote; the assembled witches and wizards unanimously sentence them to life in Azkaban. The lone woman defiantly cries out that the Dark Lord will return. The crying boy is Barty Crouch, Jr., who pleads with his father not to send him back to Azkaban, but Crouch, stony-faced, states he is not his son; he has no son. From the audience, a weeping Mrs. Crouch watches as Barty is condemned.

A second Dumbledore says it is time to go, and, taking Harry's elbow, they rise and return to Hogwarts. Harry starts apologizing but Dumbledore assures Harry that he quite understands. He explains that the bowl is Pensieve. When too many thoughts and memories are crammed into his mind, it is a relief to siphon some off and store them there. It is possible to see patterns inside the Pensieve that are not immediately apparent. Using his wand, Dumbledore extracts a thought and places it in the Pensieve. Harry is surprised to see his own face, only to watch it smoothly turning into Snape's who says, "It's coming back, Karkaroff's too . . ." Dumbledore muses that it is a connection he would have been able to make without help. Harry again apologizes, but Dumbledore responds that curiosity is not a sin, but it requires caution. A teenaged girl's image then rises from the Pensieve. She is explaining that a boy jinxed her because she said she had seen him kissing Florence behind the greenhouses. Dumbledore asks why she followed him behind the greenhouses in the first place. Dumbledore says that this is Bertha Jorkins as she was when he knew her at Hogwarts.

Dumbledore reminds Harry he that he came to see him about something, and Harry recounts his dream. Dumbledore asks if there was any other time, other than the end of the summer, when his scar hurt. Harry says no, but then stops – how did Dumbledore know about his scar hurting? Dumbledore says that Harry is not Sirius' only correspondent. Dumbledore seems to be analyzing this dream, pacing, and periodically removing thoughts from his mind and placing them in the Pensieve. Dumbledore tells Harry he believes his scar hurts whenever Voldemort is nearby and feeling particularly strong emotions. Dumbledore tells Harry that it, "was no ordinary dream." Harry says that he did not see Voldemort in it, only an armchair from behind, but there would be nothing to see: Voldemort still lacks a body. Asked if Voldemort is getting stronger, Dumbledore replies that his earlier accession to power was marked by unexplained disappearances. There have been three unexplained disappearances recently: Bertha Jorkins, Bartemius Crouch, Sr., and a Muggle, Frank Bryce, who vanished from Tom Riddle Sr.'s home village. Dumbledore believes they are linked, although the Ministry does not.

Harry inquires if it was Neville's parents who were mentioned in the memory. Dumbledore asks if Harry had ever wondered why Neville lived with his grandmother, and then goes on to say that yes, that was Neville's parents. They were tortured to insanity and now permanently reside in St. Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries. They no longer recognize Neville. Dumbledore also tells Harry that Ludo Bagman has been uninvolved in anything Dark since his trial. Neither has Severus Snape. Dumbledore assures Harry that he trusts Snape, but why is between Snape and himself. Dumbledore requests that Harry say nothing about Neville's parents, not even to Ron or Hermione. That is Neville's story to tell. Finally, he wishes Harry luck in the third task.

[edit] Analysis

Readers have watched the story unfold mostly through Harry's point-of-view or as told to him by other characters; gradually, the author has added additional mechanisms for Harry (and readers) to gain information about Voldemort and his Death Eaters. In Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, Harry viewed Tom Riddle's memories that were stored in his diary. Now Dumbledore's Pensieve provides yet another means for Harry to observe historical events first-hand. The Pensieve is also introducing new characters who are from the past that readers may be seeing again in the future. It also sheds light on some current characters, such as Ludo Bagman, who was interrogated but never convicted as a Voldemort follower, although his actual involvement is still suspect. And though Harry learns much by watching both Voldemort's and Dumbledore's memories, these are still memories, and they may be imperfect and affected by personal viewpoints and biases.

It is also becoming apparent to us, gradually, that Harry has also been occasionally watching events in real time through a mental connection that exists between him and Voldemort. As these mostly play out at times when Harry is asleep, Harry still believes he is just having bad dreams. Harry's mental connection to Voldemort may become his most valuable information avenue, as he is viewing things that are currently happening although he has not, as yet, completely utilized this, being previously unsure if what he had been seeing was actually real; also, the information he does receive is sporadic and incomplete, making it difficult to analyze. There is also a danger that Voldemort can learn as much through Harry if he also discovers this link; it is probably only a matter of time before he does.

Also, Dumbledore has presumably been depositing his abundant thoughts into the Pensieve for many decades, including ones unrelated to Harry or Voldemort. How then does Harry happen to see only those memories directly related to current events and that are the most helpful to him? Is it possible that Dumbledore intended for Harry to view these particular recollections? It may be that Dumbledore is legally or ethically prevented from sharing such confidential information, and by making his memories available, he is able to pass this on to Harry without reprisal. The opened cupboard door almost seemed like an invitation for Harry to peer inside. This is, of course, only speculation and unfortunately, it remains unanswered. The Pensieve also reveals much about Neville Longbottom through what happened to his parents. The trauma Neville has suffered over his mother and father's sad fate may explain, at least partially, why his memory and magical abilities have been impaired. For whatever reason, Neville has chosen to keep his parents' condition secret, but Harry's knowledge about this will bring the two boys closer together, Harry realizing that Neville lost his parents to Voldemort, just as Harry lost his.

As a side note, it is interesting that even though the courtroom scenes are from Dumbledore's viewpoint, he is seen as a bystander. This matches what had happened in Tom Riddle's memories; though it was Tom's memories, Harry was always standing beside Tom, rather than seeing directly through Tom's eyes.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why has Neville never told anyone about what happened to his parents? How might this knowledge change Harry's relationship with Neville?
2. Why is Harry so surprised that Dumbledore has been communicating with Sirius? Why has Sirius never mentioned this to Harry?
3. Why did Harry wait so long to tell Dumbledore about his dreams?
4. Why is Dumbledore convinced that Harry's visions are something other than dreams?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Dumbledore refuse to tell Harry the reason he trusts Snape? Is Dumbledore's trust warranted?
2. Why does the Ministry maintain that Bertha Jorkins', Mr. Crouch's, and Frank Bryce's disappearances are unrelated? Are they? Explain.
3. Did Dumbledore intend for Harry to view his memories in the Pensieve? What evidence is there for this? If he did intend for Harry to see them, why didn't he just tell Harry all this instead?

[edit] Greater Picture

Knowing now that Harry has had at least two "dreams" which were apparent mirrors of Voldemort's thoughts, Dumbledore is now beginning to understand the nature of the link between Harry's mind and Voldemort's. This will cause Harry great concern in the next book, as Dumbledore will be taking great pains to conceal the nature of the relationship between himself and Harry from any potential eavesdropping by Voldemort through that link. Dumbledore feels, correctly as it turns out, that if Voldemort is aware of any feelings between Harry and himself more than student to headmaster, he will make use of those feelings as a weapon against Harry, Dumbledore, or both. In order to conceal his affection for Harry, Dumbledore will studiously avoid even making eye contact with Harry. As a result, Harry will feel that Dumbledore has abandoned him, and will, at several points in the book, refuse to pass information to Dumbledore that might have proved useful. Voldemort will become aware of the link near Christmas time, when Harry becomes aware of an attack being made on Mr. Weasley by means of the link, and throughout much of the remainder of that book, Voldemort will be attempting to use that link to use Harry to steal a Prophecy for him.

The Pensieve will be used by Harry again, providing him answers not only about Voldemort, but also his father and mother, Aunt Petunia, and also Snape. Perhaps interestingly, the function of the Pensieve will not be to store and look for connections between existing memories, as is implied here. The function of the Pensieve, as it will be used, is the way Harry uses it first: to replay memories placed in it. In the next book, we will use it to show an episode in Snape's life. In Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, we will be examining the memories of those who have some knowledge of Voldemort in his younger days, when he was still known as Tom Riddle. And in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, we will be using it to replay memories of Snape's youth and adult life, thereby learning no small amount about Harry's parents.

Chapter 31: The Third Task

[edit] Synopsis

Harry immediately tells Ron and Hermione what transpired in Professor Dumbledore's office and in the Pensieve. He also informs Sirius by owl post. Of course, they already knew Karkaroff was a Death Eater, but this is the first confirmation that Professor Snape was one or that Ludo Bagman was involved. Hermione wonders if this is what Rita Skeeter meant by saying that Bagman had an evil past. Hermione suddenly remembers that they are supposed to practice jinxes with Harry, but it is late, and she sends Harry and Ron to bed. Harry finds it hard to sleep, thinking about the four Death Eaters who tortured Neville's parents and Mr. Crouch's son, who died in Azkaban a year later.

Rather than studying for the exams that are scheduled the week before the third task, Ron and Hermione instead coach Harry on jinxes. When Ron, tired of being Stunned, suggests Hermione take a turn, she quickly decides that Harry knows the spells well enough. Ron sees Draco Malfoy outside, with his cronies, Crabbe and Goyle standing guard, apparently talking to something in his hand. Harry thinks he may be using a walkie-talkie, but Hermione dismisses that, saying electronic devices do not work around Hogwarts.

Sirius, concerned about Harry finishing the third task, sends owls almost daily with tips and pointers, plus adjurations to ignore what is happening outside Hogwarts. He feels that Harry will be safe at Hogwarts under Dumbledore's protection. Navigating the maze safely is the first priority. Once the third task is over, they can consider other problems.

On the day of the third task, a new story about Harry appears in the Daily Prophet. Rita Skeeter claims that Harry has mental problems, has collapsed, and complains about pain in his scar. Draco Malfoy is quoted as saying Harry is a Parselmouth. Harry takes the article lightly, unlike Ron and Hermione, who were almost afraid to show it to him. Harry wonders, however, how Skeeter knew that he fainted in Divination. He remembers an open window during class, but Hermione points out that the North Tower classroom is too far above ground level for them to be overheard. When Harry reminds Hermione that she is supposed to be researching magical bugging methods, something suddenly occurs to her. As usual, she says nothing, but runs to the library for some last-minute research. As Ron heads for his History of Magic exam, Professor McGonagall tells Harry that the Champions and their families are congregating in the chamber off the Great Hall. Not having any relatives present, Harry watches as the other Champions head into the chamber. As he is about to leave, Cedric calls out, "They're waiting for you!" Inside are Mrs. Weasley and Bill. Harry's pleasure at seeing them overrides Cedric's father suggesting that Harry, "isn't so full of himself," now that Cedric is tied with him. However, Amos Diggory appears upset that Rita Skeeter's first story only mentioned Harry as the Hogwarts Champion. Not even Mrs. Weasley reminding him that Rita delights in making mischief calms him down.

Harry, Mrs. Weasley, and Bill enjoy a lovely morning touring the Hogwarts grounds, with Mrs. Weasley reminiscing about her time there. Mrs. Weasley says the Ministry has become suspicious that Mr. Crouch's instructions may not be genuine, and Percy has been called in for questioning. As a result, Cornelius Fudge is taking Percy's place as a judge. Returning to the castle for lunch, they meet Ron and Hermione. Mrs. Weasley is rather cold towards Hermione until Harry, remembering Skeeter's article in Witch Weekly, tells her that Hermione is not his girlfriend. Because Mrs. Weasley is present, Hermione is unable to tell Harry and Ron something. Harry, Bill, and Mrs. Weasley return to the Great Hall for dinner. The judges have arrived and are sitting at the head table. Harry notices that Madame Maxime's eyes seem red, and Hagrid keeps glancing at her.

An afternoon of touring the grounds with Bill and Mrs. Weasley rounds out Harry's day. As the sky darkens, Professor Dumbledore sends the Champions to the maze. Ludo Bagman checks if Harry is feeling confident, then announces the four patrollers: Professor McGonagall, Professor Moody, Professor Flitwick, and Hagrid, who will patrol the maze from outside. If a Champion gets into trouble, red wand sparks can be sent up, and he will be extracted from the maze. After Ludo sends the patrollers off, Harry and Cedric enter the maze. At the first intersection, they separate. Harry hears the whistle sending Krum into the maze, and five minutes later, the one for Fleur. Using the Four Points charm, Harry navigates towards the maze's center. Already unnerved by its apparent emptiness, Harry hears a noise behind him. It is Cedric, still smoking after a run-in with a Blast-Ended Skrewt. Shortly after, Harry successfully defends himself against a Boggart disguised as a Dementor. As he negotiates an anti-gravity spell, he hears Fleur screaming. Once through the spell, he is unable to locate her and continues towards the center, running into a Skrewt. Temporarily stopping the Skrewt, Harry looks for another route and hears Krum using the Cruciatus curse on Cedric. Burning a hole through a hedge, Harry Stuns Krum, and sends up red sparks. He and Cedric separate and again head for the center.

Nearing the center, Harry encounters a Sphinx and correctly answers its question. Seeing the Cup, he starts running for it, only to have Cedric appear from a side passage ahead. He sees a giant spider. He warns Cedric and attempts to tackle the spider. Together, they defeat it, but Harry's leg is injured. Harry tells Cedric to take the Cup, but Cedric demurs, saying Harry earned it. Because they have continually helped each other throughout the Tournament, Harry suggests they grasp it simultaneously. Cedric agrees, and helps Harry to it; each grabs a handle. The Cup is a Portkey, and a great howling wind whirls them from the maze.

[edit] Analysis

The author may have chosen a maze for the third task not only because it makes for a difficult and interesting obstacle for the Champions to maneuver, but also for its mythic symbolism. In mythology, a labyrinth, or maze, represents a difficult challenge or quest that the hero must overcome by navigating a convoluted and dangerous path leading to its center where whatever is being sought awaits. Magic and battling strange creatures often play a significant role in these epic myths, just as it does in our story. In this task, each Champion must enter the maze alone, away from the cheering crowd, and with almost no advance information regarding what they will encounter; this challenge is less about competing against one's opponents than it is about overcoming personal frailties. That the third task begins at dusk adds an additional eerie twist, as what lies inside becomes more intangible and less definable when cloaked in nightfall. And while darkness can represent evil and oppression, it also symbolizes fear and uncertainty, which often seem magnified at night and less daunting by day. It can also represent the unknown, transition, and also life – darkness preceding birth. The maze could also be interpreted as a metaphor for Harry's life. His late induction into the wizarding world was much like entering the maze at twilight—he was faced with murky, unknown paths, difficult obstacles, and occasional dead ends that had to be retraced and alternate routes found. Harry also navigates a tangled emotional labyrinth, searching for a center containing answers about his parents, Voldemort, and himself.

The Triwizard Champions were chosen because they are the best students in their respective schools. Cedric and Harry each represent their Houses' finest traits: Harry is a brave and resourceful Gryffindor, while Cedric embodies Hufflepuff virtues of hard work, honesty, and fair play. However, throughout the Tournament, they have both shown characteristics that each House values. Harry shows integrity and fairness, first by tipping Cedric off about the Dragons, and now by insisting that he equally share the victory. Cedric has demonstrated increasing cleverness and ingenuity by quickly figuring out the Egg riddle and developing a successful strategy for the second task; he also shows great courage, both inside the maze and with the dragon. Each Champion has continually helped the other throughout the Tournament, and as they reach the Cup, each feels the other deserves to win; therefore, it is fitting that they agree to grab the Triwizard Cup together, although the outcome is unexpected.

Draco speaking to his hand seems as peculiar as Mr. Crouch talking with a tree. It is unlikely Draco is suffering from any mental malady like Crouch, however, and he is probably engaged in some activity he should not. We will learn shortly what this is, but for now, it is sufficient to know that he is holding something in his hand, and there is a reason he is conversing with it.

It seems a little odd that Sirius should be telling Harry not to worry about things outside the school; that sort of insularity in a school environment happens normally anyway. However, Sirius' belief ought to be right; Dumbledore should be able to keep Harry safe.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Just what might Hermione know that she wants to tell Harry about?
2. Why are Madame Maxime's eyes red? Why is Hagrid looking at her?
3. Why might the author have chosen to use a maze for the third task, and what could it represent?
4. Why does Harry insist that he and Cedric grab the Triwizard Cup at the same time? What does Cedric think?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why is Draco talking to his hand? Is he going mad like Mr. Crouch?
2. Why is Sirius confident that Harry is safe at Hogwarts, even though he suspects someone wants to kill him? Is Harry really safe?
3. Mrs. Weasley tells Amos Diggory that Rita Skeeter likes to create trouble by printing lies about Harry. Why then does she continue to believe Skeeter's story about Hermione?
4. Why would Krum attack Fleur and Cedric? Does he also intend to harm Harry?
5. Why would the Triwizard Cup be a Portkey? Where might it be transporting Harry and Cedric to?
6. Even though Harry and Cedric were sorted into different Houses, they both have many qualities that reflect the other's House. Compare and contrast these qualities.

[edit] Greater Picture

Note that Mr. Crouch's son having died while imprisoned in Azkaban is being mentioned here again. However, we will learn shortly that it was someone other than Barty who actually died in Azkaban. The reiteration of this mistaken belief is almost certainly meant to heighten our surprise at the discovery of what Barty has been doing since his supposed death.

Sirius here admits that he believes someone at the school may be trying to kill Harry; likely Dumbledore does also, but neither suspects it is Barty Crouch, believing he is dead and unaware that the real Alastor "Mad Eye" Moody has been kidnapped. Given this belief, though, it is odd that Sirius is ordering Harry to stay at the school and play out the Tournament. It would seem that if someone has entered Harry in the Tournament in order to get him killed, it would be to Harry's advantage to deliberately fail on the three Tasks in such a way as to avoid any risk. Harry, however, seems to be unable to give any mission less than his full effort.

Draco is talking to his hand because he is holding Rita Skeeter, who is in her beetle Animagus form. Draco has been passing information to her about Harry and others that she then uses in her articles. She was in her beetle form when Harry had his nightmare in the Divination tower, and she saw that event directly. Hermione, because of the repetition of the word "bugged", has come to the conclusion that Rita can transform into an insect, and presumably goes to the library to research whether that transformation is even possible. Though she has confirmed her conclusion by the time we see her at lunch, the author has managed to arrange things so that Hermione cannot discuss her discovery with either Harry or Ron then, and presumably Hermione is too concerned with the Third Task after her final exam of the day to discuss Rita with Ron.

Harry thinks to himself that the Maze is easier to pass through than he had expected. Barty Crouch will admit later that he had deliberately eased Harry's path through the maze, and had controlled Krum to try and eliminate Harry's competition. Barty, like Ludo, had intended Harry to win the Triwizard specifically so that he would be the first to reach and touch the Cup, and so that the Cup would then carry Harry away to an as-yet unknown destination.

Chapter 32: Flesh, Blood and Bone

[edit] Synopsis

The Triwizard Cup is a Portkey and deposits Harry and Cedric in a graveyard (which readers may suspect is in Little Hangleton). As they look around and wonder where they are, a figure approaches them, apparently carrying a baby. Harry's scar begins burning; the intense pain causes him to drop his wand and fall to the ground. A high voice orders, "Kill the spare." Cedric is instantly murdered by the approaching man. Harry, through his pain, dimly realizes he is being tied to a grave marker with the name Tom Riddle inscribed on it. He recognizes his assailant—Wormtail (Peter Pettigrew).

Wormtail checks Harry's bonds and gags him roughly, then departs. Looking at the bundle next to the graveside, Harry is appalled by the half-infant, half-snake creature. His scar burns again as the thing glares back through red, slitted eyes. Wormtail returns with a huge stone cauldron containing a clear potion, placing it beside the bundle and lighting a fire beneath. Wormtail picks up the creature and drops it into the cauldron; Harry hopes it drowns.

Wormtail causes the grave under Harry's feet to disgorge something that looks like dust; he chants, "Bone of the father unknowingly given. You will renew your son!" Wormtail sends it into the cauldron. Slicing off his right hand and dropping it into the cauldron, he continues haltingly, "Flesh — of the servant — w-willingly given — you will revive — your master." In pain and weeping, he slits Harry's arm with the knife and collects blood in a vial. As it drips into the cauldron, he chants, "B-blood of the enemy... forcibly taken... you will... resurrect your foe."

The cauldron emits huge vaporous clouds from which a tall, skeletal man ascends and alights on the ground. He orders Wormtail to robe him. Lord Voldemort has arisen.

[edit] Analysis

Just as Cedric dies, Voldemort is reborn. Cedric's death is a tragedy, but it is all the more so because he is killed only because he was an unexpected impediment to Voldemort's evil plan. After his hard-fought and well-deserved victory, Cedric's life was flicked away in an instant as if he was nothing more than an annoying insect. Not only does Harry see Cedric die, but he also witnesses Voldemort's horrific resurrection, which Harry is forced to participate in, his blood being added to the monstrous recipe helps restore the Dark Lord's body. In addition to being tied by their brother wands and Harry's scar, through which Harry imbibed some of Voldemort's powers, they are now bound even closer by their blood; just how this bond will affect future events is unknown. When Harry comes face-to-face with the completely restored and now powerful Voldemort, he sees him for the first time as a fully formed human. Previously, he was only a grotesque face attached to Professor Quirrell's head (in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone) and as the young Tom Riddle's memory in the diary (in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets). Now he is a flesh and blood being, poised to kill Harry before inflicting more evil on the unsuspecting Wizarding world that he intends to conquer.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why was Cedric Diggory killed?
2. Was Harry transported to this particular cemetery for a reason? If so, why?
3. Why does Voldemort use Harry's blood in the ritual?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why would Wormtail sacrifice his hand? Could his blood being used in the ritual change his relationship with either Harry or Voldemort? Explain.
2. For the first time, Harry sees Voldemort as a fully restored human. How does this change Harry's perspective about Voldemort, and how will this affect their ongoing conflict?

[edit] Greater Picture

Voldemort, by using Harry's blood for his resurrection, has unintentionally strengthened the existing connection between them. This connection was forged by Voldemort's attempt to kill the one-year-old Harry. Professor Dumbledore, upon hearing that Voldemort used Harry's blood, displays a "gleam of something like triumph". In Book Seven, Deathly Hallows, when Voldemort casts the killing curse on Harry, this blood tie between Harry and Voldemort is all that tethers Harry to life, enabling him to survive the Avada Kedavra curse a second and third time, and it ultimately causes Voldemort's downfall.

Curiously, Wormtail's blood and flesh are also used in the ritual, although it is never revealed if this also gives him any significant tie to either Harry or Voldemort. Wormtail already owes Harry a life debt. Could their intermingled blood strengthen that obligation? While interesting to consider, this is only speculation.

Witnessing Cedric's murder will adversely affect Harry, giving him nightmares through the coming summer. It will also alter his relationship with Cho Chang, who first looks to Harry for information about Cedric's death, then clings to him for consolation that he is unable give, and finally leaves him when she is unable to cope with her loss. It will also enable Harry to see creatures that are visible only to those who have seen death first-hand. These creatures, called Thestrals, will play a role in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix.

Though Dumbledore accepts them immediately, Harry's claims that Voldemort has returned will be disputed by the Ministry of Magic, who will continue to deny this "inconvenient truth" while subjecting both Harry and Dumbledore to public damnation and ridicule, painting Harry as a delusional, attention-seeking liar. Adding insult, the Ministry will also claim that Cedric died from injuries resulting from his own carelessness during the Tournament. This refusal of the Ministry to accept Voldemort's return will cause a year-long conflict between Dumbledore and the Ministry, with the students at Hogwarts, especially Harry, becoming victims trapped between the two forces.

Chapter 33: The Death Eaters

[edit] Synopsis

Ignoring the weeping Wormtail, the newly-risen Lord Voldemort examines himself closely. Producing his wand from a robe pocket, he slams Wormtail into the tombstone Harry is bound to. He laughingly demands that Wormtail extend his arm. When Wormtail proffers his severed limb, Voldemort demands his other arm, and ignoring Wormtail's continued sobs, pushes back the sleeve to expose the vivid red Dark Mark. Musing that, "They will all have noticed it," Voldemort touches it with a finger. Harry's scar burns fiercely again while Wormtail howls. When Voldemort removes his finger from the mark, it is black. Voldemort appears to be waiting for something, impatiently pacing back and forth. He tells Harry he is standing on Riddle, Sr.'s grave, and the house on the hillside above them was his father's home. His father, a Muggle and a fool, abandoned his mother before he was born, leaving Voldemort to be raised in an orphanage after his mother died in childbirth. Voldemort vowed revenge upon Tom Riddle, Sr.

"But look, Harry! My true family returns." Hooded figures begin appearing. They approach Voldemort, kiss his robe hem, and retreat to form a circle around the Dark Lord, Harry, the sobbing Wormtail, and Tom Riddle's grave. Voldemort chastises them for believing him defeated and asks if they now owe their allegiance to Albus Dumbledore. One Death Eater, Avery, falls at Voldemort's feet again, pleading for forgiveness. Voldemort curses him. Ordering him to get up, Voldemort says that he does not forgive, he does not forget, and that he will want thirteen years repayment from all his Death Eaters. Wormtail has already done some repayment, and will be rewarded for his service in bringing him back to life. Voldemort then creates a magical silver hand that attaches itself to Wormtail's wrist. Wormtail stops sobbing immediately, kisses Voldemort's robe, and scurries to take his place in the circle.

Voldemort strolls around the Death Eaters, speaking first to Lucius Malfoy, who claims he was waiting for a sign from Voldemort. He would have appeared instantly if he had known his master was still alive, but Voldemort cuts him off. He accuses Lucius of running from the Dark Mark at the Quidditch World Cup. Voldemort pauses at another empty space, saying it should be occupied by the Lestranges, who were sentenced to Azkaban for supporting Voldemort's cause. They will be rewarded when Azkaban is broken and the Dementors are recruited to the Dark side. Voldemort also says he will recall the banished giants, he will have all his allies at his side. Continuing around the circle, Voldemort says a few words to the Death Eaters: Macnair, Crabbe, Goyle, Nott. He pauses at the largest gap, where he says six Death Eaters should be standing. Three dead in his service, one too cowardly to return, one may never return and needs to be killed. His most faithful servant, who is at Hogwarts, had already re-entered his service and by whose efforts Harry Potter has now joined them for Voldemort's rebirthing.

Lucius Malfoy submissively asks Voldemort how he returned. Voldemort says it is an interesting story that both starts and ends with Harry Potter. On the night he went to kill Harry, Lily Potter died attempting to save her son. Her death gave Harry an unforeseen protection: Voldemort was unable to touch him. Voldemort says that has been overcome and demonstrates by touching Harry's face. Lily's sacrifice, Voldemort continues, caused his killing curse to rebound upon him, ripping his soul from his body. Even Voldemort, who has "gone further than anyone along the path leading to immortality," did not understand what he had become. He was pure spirit, less even than a ghost, but still alive. In this less-than-ghostly state, he traveled to a far land, waiting for his trusted Death Eaters to find him, but none did. Without a body, without a wand, there was no magic he could do to save himself, except possess other bodies. He did this, taking over animals, but none suited his needs, and none lived long. Four years previous, though, a young, gullible wizard wandered across his path. This wizard, a teacher at Dumbledore's school, was nearly ideal for his needs. After traveling with him to England, Voldemort took over his body to complete his plan to steal the Philosopher's Stone, but failed, thwarted by Harry Potter. The servant died when Voldemort fled his body, and, weak as before, returned to his forest haunts.

Wormtail, driven from hiding by those he thought his friends, came looking for Voldemort, helped by his ability to communicate with rats. Stopping at an inn, he ran into Bertha Jorkins, a Ministry employee. Bertha might have been an end to Voldemort's hopes at that point, but Wormtail managed to overpower her. He brought Bertha to Voldemort, who learned about the Triwizard Tournament from her and discovered that a faithful Death Eater was willing to help. When she was of no further use, Voldemort murdered her. Wormtail managed to fashion a rudimentary body, and using Nagini's venom as a potion ingredient, kept him alive. Voldemort knew that old Dark magic could restore his body. One vital ingredient, the flesh of the servant, was readily available. The "bone of the father" meant the ritual had to be performed in Little Hangleton, where Tom Riddle was buried. The "blood of the foe" is Harry's blood. This would remove the protection afforded by Lily's sacrifice, and Voldemort would be able to touch Harry without damage to himself. But how to get Harry? By turning the Cup into a Portkey and ensuring that Harry won the Triwizard Tournament, Harry could be removed from Dumbledore's protection. With help from Voldemort's faithful servant, it was done. Now Harry is here and defenceless. And to prove this, Voldemort performs the Cruciatus curse on him; Harry suddenly experiences more pain than he has ever felt before. Just as suddenly, it ends. Voldemort says it was foolish to think this boy could cause his end; but he offers him a chance. He will be allowed to fight, and the Death Eaters will see who is stronger. He orders Wormtail to untie Harry and return his wand.

[edit] Analysis

By updating his Death Eaters about his exile, Voldemort confirms much that was surmised about him earlier in the series. He considers himself superior to everyone, even believing that fate favors him more—he has overcome death itself. Voldemort also believes that Harry's repeated survival is nothing more than chance or luck, rather than any special talent. This belief, and thus underestimation of Harry's abilities, is one of Voldemort's greater flaws, and it is one reason Harry survives. Voldemort's maniacal personality is also on full display here as he lords over his cowering Death Eaters. Voldemort rules by fear and intimidation, punishing followers for any perceived mistake or disloyalty, often lashing out randomly in uncontrollable rage. And though Voldemort does reward loyalty, he does so sparingly and at a high cost; he also simultaneously punishes followers, as shown by his cruel indifference to Wormtail's suffering, even though he was instrumental in bringing about Voldemort's resurrection. Voldemort replaces his severed hand only after a prolonged agonizing period, knowing that Wormtail serves him only to protect himself, not because he is a loyal servant. It will be a long time, if ever, before Wormtail's debt to Voldemort is settled.

Voldemort also believes his supreme abilities will be proved beyond doubt by defeating Harry in a duel. It is questionable how Voldemort rationalizes to himself that defeating a young, unqualified wizard that Voldemort proclaims has no special talent will prove this, although Voldemort will likely claim otherwise after Harry's death. For the moment, Voldemort savors any opportunity to grandstand before his cowering Death Eater audience, and he intends to herald his return by slaying the famous Harry Potter, shocking the Wizarding world and undermining resistance to his takeover.

Just how Voldemort survived his first encounter with Harry thirteen years before is also hinted at here, although the full story is still unknown. Voldemort believes Harry survived the Avada Kedavra curse because old magic that was combined with Lily Potter's love for her child protected Harry. Readers have seen how new magic is constantly being invented (the Weasley Twins are a prime example), with many spells, charms, and hexes constantly falling in and out of fashion. Voldemort places great importance on it being ancient magic that protected Harry, indicating that it may grow stronger as it survives through the centuries, forgotten by many perhaps, but a powerful tool for those few wizards who know its existence. The ancient magic that saved Harry is also what ripped Voldemort's soul from his body when his Killing curse rebounded off baby Harry, striking him. Harry is privy to this explanation only because Voldemort chooses to share it, perceiving Harry as being nearly powerless, and delighting in showing off his "superior" knowledge before killing him. But if Harry can escape the cemetery, he will carry this valuable information back to Hogwarts and to Dumbledore.

Voldemort's "servant" who died after Voldemort failed to steal the Philosopher's Stone is obviously Professor Quirrell; this is our first complete confirmation that he died after Voldemort fled his body.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Which servant that died when Voldemort fled is he referring to?
2. Why does Voldemort tell Harry what happened to him (Voldemort) after he was disembodied, why Harry survived the Avada Kedavra curse, how Lily's love protected her son, and so on?

[edit] Further Study

1. Voldemort had a body – an infantile one – when he is first seen. Where might it have come from?
2. Why would Voldemort challenge Harry to a duel, rather than kill him outright?
3. Why does Voldemort place such importance on it being "old magic" that protected Harry?
4. Why does Voldemort consider the Death Eaters his "true family"? Are they? Explain.
5. Voldemort says his Death Eaters knew he was still alive. How did he know this? Why wouldn't they have searched for him if they suspected he still lived?
6. Why does Voldemort wait so long to replace Wormtail's hand and relieve his suffering? What does this say about how he treats his followers?
7. Who might Voldemort's faithful servant at Hogwarts be? Snape, or someone else?

[edit] Greater Picture

As Voldemort struts around his Death Eaters, commenting on the gaps in the circle, he comes to the largest gap of all... "And here we have six missing Death Eaters ... three dead in my service. One, too cowardly to return ... he will pay. One, who I believe has left me for ever ... he will be killed, of course ... and one, who remains my most faithful servant, and who has already re-entered my service. ... He is at Hogwarts, that faithful servant, and it was through his efforts that our young friend arrived tonight..." By withholding these Death Eaters' names, and by not completing the circle, the author leaves in doubt as to who is being referred to here. We are led to believe, correctly, that it is Karkaroff who has run, but it is unclear whether he is the cowardly one, or the one who has left Voldemort's service forever. Being unaware of Barty Crouch at this point, we are misled into believing that the faithful servant who has already re-entered Voldemort's service is Severus Snape. And despite the revelation of Barty's role in the events preceding this chapter, the casual reader may well retain this mistaken belief even after that revelation, and may see this particular scene as confirming Snape's continuing loyalty to the Dark Lord. In fact, the faithful servant is Barty, Karkaroff is the cowardly one, and it is Snape who Voldemort feels has left. Snape has been working at Dumbledore's side for the thirteen years since Voldemort vanished, and he did prevent Voldemort from retrieving the Philosopher's Stone in the first book. Snape does explain, later, that he was unaware that it was Voldemort seeking the stone, believing instead that Quirrell wanted the Stone for his own benefit alone, and says that Voldemort had accepted this explanation and also his reason for not immediately responding to Voldemort's summons.

By sparing Wormtail's life (in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban), Harry can claim a "life debt" from him. Wormtail repays this debt in the final book, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, when he momentarily hesitates to kill Harry on Voldemort's command. Wormtail's actions result in his being fatally strangled by the silver hand Voldemort has just given him; Voldemort, who may have known that Wormtail owes Harry this debt, and certainly knew the weakness of Wormtail's character, must have charmed the hand to kill Wormtail should he exhibit any disloyalty or fail to carry out any order.

Voldemort here tells his gathered followers that he "has gone further than anyone along the path leading to immortality." Dumbledore has also theorized this about Voldemort, although he has yet to reveal his suspicions. Dumbledore has come to the correct conclusion by this point that the "path to immortality" of which Voldemort speaks here involves the creation and concealment of Horcruxes, soul shards that anchor the soul of a dead person to the earth, and has recognized that Tom Riddle's diary, which we saw in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, is one such. In two years, he will tell Harry that he was worried, however, because ordinarily Horcruxes are considered extremely valuable and are carefully concealed; yet the diary was crafted to be a weapon and was used as one. This is not how one deals with one's only shot at immortality. Thus, Dumbledore suspects the existence of at least one more Horcrux, and this is largely confirmed by Voldemort's statement. Much of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince is involved with determining the number of Horcruxes, and trying to determine where they might be found.

Chapter 34: Priori Incantatem

[edit] Synopsis

As ordered, Wormtail removes Harry's gag, and with a single slash of his new hand, cuts the bonds. Harry considers running, but his injured leg is still weak, and Death Eaters are closing in, filling the gaps where some are missing. Wormtail retrieves Harry's wand from near Cedric's body, and roughly thrusts it at Harry. Voldemort asks if Harry knows how to duel, telling him the first step is to bow to each other. When Harry stands mute, Voldemort raises his wand, forcing Harry to bend forward. "And then, we duel," says Voldemort; and Harry is again in unbelievable pain as Voldemort uses the Cruciatus curse. When the pain stops, Harry recovers his feet. Shaking, he falls into the wall of Death Eaters who push him back into the circle's center. Voldemort asks if that hurt and would he like a bit more. Harry remains mute, knowing it does not matter; Voldemort is going to kill him. Voldemort casts the Imperius curse to force a response and is impressed when Harry resists it. As Voldemort raises his wand again, Harry ducks behind Tom Riddle's gravestone, hearing it crack as the curse hits it.

Saying they are not playing "hide and seek," Voldemort asks if Harry wants to end it quickly. Harry, not wanting to die while crouched subserviently, stands up and casts the Disarmament jinx, as Voldemort hurls the killing curse. The wands' streams meet in mid-air, fusing into a single, golden beam. Harry and Voldemort are lifted into the air and set down some distance away from Riddle's headstone. They are surrounded by a dome of golden light. Voldemort, taken aback by what has happened, orders the Death Eaters to do nothing. Harry hears a familiar sound: a Phoenix song. It speaks of Dumbledore and says: Don't break the connection. Beads of golden light appear on the wands' connection. As one approaches Harry, he feels his wand heat up and fears it will explode. Concentrating, he forces the bead away, and it begins moving towards Voldemort. As a bead reaches Voldemort's wand, screams are heard, and a smoky replica of Wormtail's silvery hand appears. More screams, and the ghostly head, torso, and finally legs of Cedric Diggory emerge from Voldemort's wand.

Harry grips his wand tightly as, amidst more screams, Cedric is joined by an old man that Harry saw in a dream, and Bertha Jorkins. Harry's father and mother appear next; Voldemort becomes fearful as his victims prowl around him. Lily Potter quietly tells Harry that when the wands' connection is broken their spirit echoes can only remain a few moments to protect him as he escapes to the Portkey. Cedric asks Harry to take his body to his parents. At his father's command, Harry breaks the connection. The golden dome disappears, and the spirits converge on Voldemort. Dodging curses, Harry sprints to Cedric's body. Reaching it, Harry Summons the Triwizard Cup. As it touches his hand, he is pulled from the graveyard, hearing Voldemort's furious screams as he is whisked to Hogwarts.

[edit] Analysis

The themes of life, death, and rebirth are seen throughout the series as Harry is confronted by, and struggles with, not only loss and grief, but a tantalizing hope that magic can restore dead loved ones to him, just as it has resurrected Voldemort, although it was powerful Dark magic that revived him. This hope to be reunited with his parents is reborn by Harry's encounter with their spirit echoes that are released from Voldemort's wand. For the first time, Harry is able to communicate directly with James and Lily, and they, in turn, are able to protect their son. Even though their powers may be limited, the shades are unafraid – Voldemort can no longer harm them, though he apparently fears them. He also now fears Harry who, apparently the stronger wizard, forced the interlocking magical streams backwards into Voldemort's wand, a feat Voldemort never anticipated. The Potters and the other spirits disgorged from Voldemort's wand were, collectively, able to protect Harry long enough for him to escape as they perpetrated their retribution upon Voldemort for having stolen their lives.

Throughout the series, ghosts have mostly been seen as benign but ineffectual spirits floating through Hogwarts, seemingly limited to observing the living world, occasionally providing important information, but unable to actively participate in human affairs. Here it is shown that spirits actually can play a more significant role by directly influencing events from beyond the grave. Harry may also have been aided by a living person – Dumbledore is mentioned in the Phoenix song. If Dumbledore is somehow communicating with Harry, then it is logical to conclude that it was Fawkes' song that Harry heard. Could Fawkes have detected Harry's danger, just as he did in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets? This may be what occurred here, although there could be an additional reason why it was Fawkes' song that was heard, one that may be tied to something that both Harry and Voldemort possess.

It is unclear yet if these spirit echoes are actually ghosts or something else. Also, the order in which Voldemort's victims appear from the wand is slightly wrong. Harry's father died first, and therefore should have emerged last from Voldemort's wand. The author has stated that she had originally written it that way, but her American editor, who was almost always right about such details, had questioned it at the end of a marathon editing session, and short on sleep, she had agreed to change it.

This is the first time that Harry and Voldemort actually duel. Before this, the disembodied Voldemort had ordered others to fight for him.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why does Voldemort fear the spirits? Does he also fear Harry? If so, why?
2. Why are Harry and Voldemort's wands considered "brothers"?

[edit] Further Study

1. Why does Harry hear the Phoenix song? Why is Harry reminded of Dumbledore?
2. What causes the streams from Harry and Voldemort's wands to interconnect? Who and what are the images that spill out from Voldemort's wand?

[edit] Greater Picture

Why does Harry hear the Phoenix song? Recall what lies within his wand's core: one of only two tail feathers from a particular Phoenix. The other feather is within Voldemort's wand, making them "brothers." The Phoenix who gave the feathers, as revealed shortly, is Fawkes. We will learn at the same time that the effect that Harry experienced, the so-called "priori incantatem" effect, is triggered by two wands, having the same origin for their cores and thus being "brothers," dueling. The effect is similar to that caused by the Prior Incantato charm.

The images that appear during the Priori Incantatem are not actually ghosts, but the "spirit echoes" or shades of victims killed with Voldemort's wand, although each person's essence is retained somewhat. A wand records the former spells that it has performed, and under certain circumstances, those spells can be shown in the reverse order they were cast. In this case, the spell being retrieved from the wand is the killing curse, which separates soul from body, so the spell's echo represents the separated soul.

Mention is made above that Harry was able to force the beads of light back into Voldemort's wand because he was the stronger wizard. Much later, Dumbledore will tell Harry that Voldemort was weaker in that instance because he feared death, while Harry was prepared for it. He will also tell Harry that at this encounter, Harry's wand had taken some of the power inherent in Voldemort's wand. The exact effect that this would have, however, was unsure; it is the deepest sort of wand lore, something that was nearly impossible to study or predict.

It is also mentioned that this is the first time Harry duels Voldemort directly. It is not the last; he will duel Voldemort again in the next book, and three times in the final book.

Chapter 35: Veritaserum

[edit] Synopsis

Reappearing at the maze's edge, Harry finds himself overwhelmed by noise, but still clutching the Triwizard cup and Cedric's body. Amidst the confusion and shouts that Diggory is dead, the Minister for Magic claims that Cedric is only injured, while Professor Dumbledore tells Harry to stay put. Dazed, someone lifts Harry and walks him to the Castle. As they enter the school, Harry realizes Professor Moody is guiding him to his office. Once inside, Moody begins asking about Voldemort's return. Harry remembers that he must tell Dumbledore that there is a Death Eater at Hogwarts who put Harry's name in the Goblet of Fire. Harry guesses it is Karkaroff, but he ran off when the Dark Mark on his arm flared up. Incredibly, Moody tells Harry that it was he who placed Harry's name in the Goblet. Moody wants to know if Voldemort has forgiven those Death Eaters who failed to search for him, but Harry, still stunned by this revelation, is unable to answer. Harry, disbelieving, listens as Moody recounts how he entered Harry's name in the Goblet, nudged Hagrid into showing Harry the dragons, and gave Harry the hint on how to beat them. Moody gave Neville the Herbology book containing information Harry needed for the Second Task, and when that failed, had made sure Dobby passed it on. And in the Third Task, Moody Stunned Fleur Delacour and put Krum under the Imperius curse to eliminate Cedric.

Harry sees three approaching figures in Moody's Foe-Glass, although Moody, focused on Harry, fails to notice; he says he will be the Dark Lord's most trusted servant after killing Harry Potter, who the Dark Lord has wanted dead for so long. As he raises his wand to cast the fatal spell, the door behind Harry explodes inwards. Moody is Stunned and falls to the floor. Professor Dumbledore, Professor McGonagall, and Professor Snape rush in. Dumbledore overrules McGonagall, who wants Harry to go the hospital wing, saying Harry needs to know that this Alastor Moody is an impostor. Snape is sent to fetch truth serum and Winky from the kitchen, while McGonagall is dispatched to take the large black dog in Hagrid's pumpkin patch to Dumbledore's office. Moody's trunk is opened, revealing multiple compartments within. The true Alastor Moody is trapped inside the last one. Stunned and under the Imperius curse, he is weak but still alive. Examining the impostor's hip flask reveals it contains Polyjuice Potion. The false Moody begins transforming into his true identity—Barty Crouch Jr.

Snape arrives with the serum and Winky, and McGonagall returns immediately after. Winky, certain Barty is dead, is hardly reassured when Dumbledore says he is only stunned. Dumbledore pours the Veritaserum, the same potion Snape threatened Harry with earlier, into Barty's mouth and resuscitates him. Crouch confesses his part in the past year's events. It was Bartemius Crouch, Sr. and his wife who instigated Barty Jr.'s escape from Azkaban. Mrs. Crouch was terminally ill, and as her dying wish, asked Bartemius to free Barty from prison. While visiting their son in prison, she and Barty Jr. switched identities using Polyjuice potion. Mrs. Crouch died soon after (that is who Sirius saw the Dementors burying). Although Barty Jr. was freed, his father kept him at his home concealed under an Invisibility Cloak and controlled by the Imperius curse to prevent him returning to Voldemort. Winky, the Crouch's House-elf, helped care for him. When Bertha Jorkins, who worked for Bartemius, unexpectedly visited the Crouch home while Bartemius was gone, she discovered Barty Jr. was being hidden there. Bartemius cast a memory charm on Jorkins to erase what she knew. She was soon transferred to Ludo Bagman's department, but the charm caused continuing memory problems.

Winky prevailed upon Bartemius Crouch Sr. to allow Barty to go to the Quidditch World Cup, hidden under an Invisibility Cloak. However, he managed to escape both Bartemius' and Winky's control, stole a wand (Harry's), and cast the Dark Mark. Bartemius, as a result, dismissed Winky and recaptured Barty, returning him to the Crouch home and restraining him more forcefully. Bertha, meanwhile, had gone to Albania on vacation and run into Wormtail, who brought her to Voldemort. Voldemort unlocked the memory charm and discovered that Barty Jr. had escaped Azkaban and was captive in his father's home. He also learned about the Triwizard Tournament and devised the plot to capture Harry. After murdering Jorkins, Wormtail and Voldemort traveled to London. They freed Barty Jr. and placed Bartemius under an Imperius spell, forcing him to continue his work as if nothing was wrong. Barty Jr. and Wormtail then captured the real Mad-Eye Moody and placed him under the Imperius spell; Barty Jr. used Polyjuice Potion to assume Moody's identity, while Moody was kept alive to supply his hair for more potion and provide Barty with information. Barty procured potion ingredients from Snape's office, claiming he (as Moody) was under orders to search it. When Voldemort judged it was no longer safe to allow people to see Bartemius Crouch, he imprisoned Crouch Sr. in his own home. The Ministry of Magic, meanwhile, believed Crouch Sr. was home sick and sending instructions by owl post to his assistant, Percy Weasley. But Wormtail "neglected his duty." When Crouch Sr. was able to break Wormtail's Imperius spell and escape to Hogwarts to warn Dumbledore, Barty Jr. tracked his father using Harry's previously borrowed Marauder's Map, murdered him, and hid the body.

Finally, Barty admits that, while he was placing the Triwizard Cup inside the maze, he had charmed it into a Portkey that transported Harry to the Dark Lord; Voldemort will now honor him above all other wizards.

[edit] Analysis

The Veritaserum has revealed many truths. And while this chapter solves many mysteries regarding Harry and Voldemort, it also reveals just how vulnerable Harry actually is. The comforting notion throughout the series that Harry is protected as long as he is within Hogwarts's secure walls has been forever dispelled by Barty Crouch's clever deception that allowed him direct access to Harry. From here on, Harry will have difficulty finding a completely safe haven. Now that Voldemort has fully regained his body, he will likely execute another attack on Harry as soon as possible. Voldemort's power will begin spreading as well, quietly and methodically seeping into nearly all wizarding areas, taking hold in key institutions until he has gained control.

Also, Harry's earlier wish to compete as a Triwizard Champion came to fruition, but the experience was far from what he could have imagined. Now Harry must cope with the tragic aftermath, forever haunted by knowing that rather than being the celebrated hero, he was instead duped and manipulated into a false victory that cost Cedric Diggory his life. Harry had also placed his trust and admiration in (the fake) Alastor Moody, but having been so horribly deceived, he may never again ever fully trust anyone to be who or what they seem. Harry's relationship with Dumbledore may also be affected. Dumbledore has always seemed invincible, but his failure to detect Barty Crouch and to fully protect Harry exposes a chink in his otherwise infallible power. As the newly reborn Voldemort gains strength, is Dumbledore growing weaker with age? It is unclear if that is what is happening here, but Dumbledore failing to anticipate someone being able to breach Hogwarts' tight security is surprising, especially considering how both Sirius Black (on multiple occasions in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban) and, more recently, Rita Skeeter so easily slipped into the castle undetected. In fact, Harry has never truly been completely safe at Hogwarts, only safer.

Cornelius Fudge, meanwhile, ineptly attempts to implement damage control, claiming Cedric is not dead, merely injured. While he may be attempting to shield the Diggorys, feeling it would be inappropriate to inform them their son is dead when such a large audience is present, he is also protecting his and the Ministry's public image. This attempt to either spin or minimize bad news reappears in the next chapter.

It is also interesting that Barty Jr., as Professor Moody, taught students how to repel an Imperius curse, which he presumably mastered while detained in his father's house. As reprehensible and evil as Crouch Jr. was, he was apparently a good Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher, although almost certainly some of his Defence information was forced from the real Alastor Moody, who was kept captive in his office.

One thing that has troubled some readers is that this seems an extremely convoluted plan, with multiple points of failure, to achieve one objective: the arrival of Harry Potter, alone, in the graveyard at Little Hangleton at a specific time. Having managed to win Dumbledore's trust, the false Moody could have, at any time, given Harry an object that was a Portkey. Clearly, this would have caused some problem for the author, as the series quite plainly is designed to cover the seven years of Harry's education, with a climax coming at or near the end of each school year. The author must have determined some reason that Voldemort would have chosen so involved a plan for such a simple outcome, in order to make her story timing work. While her reasons are never revealed, we can make a guess. Voldemort seems to be a particularly vindictive sort of person; we have seen him torturing his own followers because of real or imagined slights. It seems entirely likely that Voldemort would be amused by bringing Harry to defeat and death immediately after he had won a major competition, particularly if Harry was made aware that his winning the competition had been engineered, and that he had not won it by his own efforts at all. In this light, the only thing that is surprising is that it was not Voldemort who told Harry this, but Moody / Barty.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why did Crouch, Sr. keep Barty Jr. hidden and forcibly restrained in his home? How was the situation later reversed?
2. Why does Moody immediately take Harry to his office?
3. Is Barty Crouch's confession truthful? Explain.
4. Why was Sirius (in his Animagus dog form) in Hagrid's pumpkin patch?

[edit] Further Study

1. What prompts Fudge to claim that Cedric Diggory is only injured and not, in fact, dead?
2. How did Professor Dumbledore know that Moody was an impostor and that Harry was in danger?
3. Why did Bartemius Crouch, Sr., a powerful and trustworthy Ministry official who disowned his son, Barty, Jr. for being a Death Eater and sentenced him to life in Azkaban, later help him escape from prison? Who else was involved and why?
4. Why did Winky want Mr. Crouch to take Barty Jr. to the Quidditch World Cup? Why would he have agreed to such a risky venture?

[edit] Greater Picture

As a side note, it is interesting that Jorkin's memory problems seem somewhat similar to Neville Longbottom's. Is it possible that he could have been likewise charmed as a small child? If he was, why or by whom is unknown. One possibility is that his grandmother Augusta could have charmed him to prevent what happened to his parents from haunting him. If that is the case, it is also worth noting that Professor McGonagall mentions that Augusta failed her Charms O.W.L. test. Considering Neville's increasingly important role in the later books, it is also possible he may unknowingly hold important information that someone wants to remain concealed, although this is only speculation. It may be that his memory and magical abilities were affected by the extreme trauma in his life, resulting in his development in these areas being stunted. Regardless, Neville constantly struggles to break through an ever-present fog that clouds his memory and affects his magical powers. If his memory has been tampered with, it may be nearly impossible to break the charm without causing permanent damage, as was the case with Bertha Jorkins.

Neville's memory problems will plague him throughout the series, although, with Harry's help, he gradually outgrows this handicap, as well as his magical impairment, to develop into a capable wizard. However, the source of his memory problems is never actually explained, and whether it was from early childhood trauma, a dark spell, or some other cause remains unknown, and it does not play a significant role in the story's eventual outcome.

In considering Fudge's motives for minimizing Cedric's condition, it should be remembered that Fudge is the consummate politician, interested in retaining power for power's sake only. It is only natural that he would "spin" any situation into something less negative to protect his chances for retaining his office. When Harry first returns with Cedric's body, Fudge maintained that Cedric was only injured, not to protect Cedric's parents, but partly to prevent mass panic by the crowd, and mostly to protect his own interests. Fudge desperately wants to avoid the Triwizard Tournament, for which he was instrumental in reviving, being remembered as an event resulting in a student's death. Like many politicians, Fudge has lost the long view, forgetting that no matter what he says here, Cedric's death will be always be remembered.

Fudge will later dispute Harry's claims that Voldemort has returned. Again, Fudge is unable to face being known as the Minister who was in power when Voldemort returned, so he must deny, first, that Voldemort has returned, second, that Voldemort killed Cedric, and finally, that Voldemort was involved in Mr. Crouch's mysterious illness. This refusal to believe, and then to act, will prove important in the next book, resulting in repercussions against Harry, Professor Dumbledore, and Hogwarts. The Ministry's continued inactivity combined with Voldemort's hidden presence, will also make it easier for the Dark Lord to regroup his Death Eaters' core members.

Chapter 36: The Parting of the Ways

[edit] Synopsis

After hearing Barty Crouch's confession, Professor Dumbledore binds him tightly, then asks Professor McGonagall to stand guard while he takes Harry upstairs. Dumbledore asks Professor Snape to arrange for the real Alastor Moody to be taken to the Hospital wing and to bring Cornelius Fudge so he can interrogate Barty. Dumbledore and Harry then go to Dumbledore's office where Sirius is waiting. Looking as haggard as when he escaped from Azkaban, Sirius demands to know what has happened. Dumbledore relates Barty's confession. Harry, exhausted, lets the words wash over him as Fawkes perches on his knee. Dumbledore asks Harry to tell what, exactly, happened after he touched the Triwizard Cup. Sirius protests, saying Harry is too exhausted. Dumbledore says that if he thought it would help, he would put Harry into a dreamless sleep, but delaying will only make matters more difficult. Harry has shown extreme bravery, and he must demonstrate that courage again. Fawkes sings a single note, and Harry, taking strength from the phoenix song, begins.

Dumbledore and Sirius seem shocked when Harry relates how Wormtail took his blood for the charm; Dumbledore inspects the wound. Voldemort told Harry that his blood gave him the same protection Harry has, and he can now touch him. For a moment, Harry sees what looks like a triumphant gleam in Dumbledore's eyes, but Dumbledore only comments that Voldemort has overcome that particular barrier.

Harry continues, but finds it difficult to explain how his wand and Voldemort's connected. Dumbledore says that this is a Priori Incantatem effect: when wands sharing a single source for their magical cores are forced to duel, one will be forced to disgorge the spells it had last cast. Dumbledore tells Sirius and Harry that Harry's wand and Voldemort's share a magical core: tail feathers from a single phoenix—Fawkes. Therefore, Voldemort's wand was forced to disgorge its most recent spells. Dumbledore asks if Cedric appeared, and Harry says he did and spoke to him. He says he also saw an old man, Bertha Jorkins, and his father and mother. Dumbledore explains that these figures are not ghosts, but only the spirit echoes or shadows that were created by Voldemort's victims when they were killed by his wand.

When Harry is unable to continue talking, Fawkes flutters to the floor. His tears fall on Harry's leg, healing his wound. Dumbledore says Harry has shown exceptional bravery, equal to wizards who faced Voldemort at the height of their powers. He recommends the Hospital Wing and a sleeping potion. Sirius changes to his dog form and walks with Harry and Dumbledore to the Infirmary. There, Mrs. Weasley, Bill Weasley, Ron, and Hermione are grilling Madam Pomfrey about Harry. Dumbledore forestalls Mrs. Weasley's questions by saying Harry needs sleep; questions can wait until morning. Dumbledore tells Madam Pomfrey the dog will be staying with Harry. When Harry spots Alastor Moody in another bed, Madam Pomfrey says he will recover. She gives Harry a purple potion, but Harry falls asleep before drinking it all.

Harry is awakened by loud voices. The doors burst open and Cornelius Fudge, Professor McGonagall, and Professor Snape enter. McGonagall angrily berates Fudge as he demands to speak to Dumbledore. Dumbledore enters, wanting to know what has happened. He expresses surprise at McGonagall, who was left guarding Barty Crouch Jr. McGonagall shouts that nobody needs to guard Crouch any more. The Dementor that Fudge brought for protection sensed Barty and administered the "Kiss", sucking out his soul. Fudge is unconcerned by the fuss, claiming Crouch was no loss. Dumbledore points out he is now unable to testify, to which Fudge claims that would have been pointless, as it appears that he was only following You-Know-Who's instructions. Dumbledore says that he was following Voldemort's instructions for his resurrection, and the plan was successful—Voldemort is back.

A blustering Fudge now attempts to deny that Voldemort has returned. Dumbledore tells him Crouch's confession and what happened to Harry. Fudge asks if Dumbledore is prepared to base his belief on Harry's evidence, saying that Harry has been a less than reliable witness. Harry suggests Fudge has been reading Rita Skeeter's stories. Fudge more or less admits that, but suggests Harry may be suffering hallucinations. Harry states he was there, he saw it, and he can name Death Eaters. Fudge discounts this, saying the names are public record. Fudge reiterates that this is a scare story, and they cannot claim that Voldemort has returned, it would destroy everything they have been working towards for the past thirteen years.

Dumbledore calmly avers that Voldemort has returned. If Fudge accepts that truth and acts now, they may be able to save the situation. The first step is to remove the Dementors from Azkaban. Fudge resists, saying that half the Wizarding population only feel safe at night because Dementors are guarding Azkaban; Dumbledore says that the other half will lose sleep, knowing the Dementors will defect to Voldemort because he can offer them far more than being a prison guard. Next, continues Dumbledore, envoys need to be sent to the giants. Fudge interrupts, saying he cannot do that, he would be voted out immediately. Dumbledore says his love of the office has blinded him to what must be done. If their interests have diverged so greatly, then they have reached an impasse and must part ways. Fudge must do as he sees fit, as will he.

Fudge accuses Dumbledore of working against him, but Dumbledore replies he is only working against Voldemort. If Fudge is against Voldemort, they are still on the same side. Fudge plaintively says, "He can't be back, Dumbledore, he just can't be...." Snape pulls back his left sleeve, exposing his forearm. He tells Fudge the Dark Mark is the Death Eater sign. It has been growing more distinct all year and tonight it burned black. Death Eaters must respond when Voldemort summons them. Karkaroff was also summoned; that is why he bolted. Fudge claims he does not know what Dumbledore is playing at, but he must return to the Ministry. He places a large bag on Harry's bedside table. "Your winnings," he explains, saying that there would normally be a ceremony, but under the circumstances... his voice then trails off.

After Fudge leaves, Dumbledore begins assigning missions. Asking Mrs. Weasley if he can count on her and Arthur, he warns them to avoid getting anyone at the Ministry in trouble. Bill Weasley volunteers to tell his father and leaves. Dumbledore dispatches Professor McGonagall to fetch Hagrid and Madame Maxime to meet with him in his office as soon as possible. He sends Madam Pomfrey to tend to Winky, who is still with Crouch. Dumbledore then asks Sirius to show himself. Mrs. Weasley is alarmed when the dog transforms into Sirius, but Dumbledore and Ron calm her. Dumbledore tells Sirius and Snape that he understands they can never be friends, but they must cooperate with each other; they briefly shake hands, still showing their mutual deep loathing. Dumbledore sends Sirius to alert the "old crowd": Mundungus Fletcher, Remus Lupin, Arabella Figg, and to then lay low at Lupin's until he contacts him. When he asks Snape if he is ready for the mission they have discussed, Snape replies he is. Dumbledore sends him off without further instructions.

Dumbledore tells Harry to drink the potion, he needs sleep, and departs. Harry, fretting about the Tournament prize, says he does not want it. He blames himself for Cedric's death, and his family should at least have the Galleons. Mrs. Weasley tells him not to worry about it, but she is interrupted by a loud slamming. Next to the window, Hermione apologizes for the noise. Harry drinks the remaining sleeping potion and finally falls asleep.

[edit] Analysis

Although many questions have been answered, new ones arise, and the characters must now deal with the dire aftermath that Voldemort's return has created. To prepare for the impending war he knows is coming and cannot be stopped, Dumbledore's only recourse, given the total lack of cooperation he can expect from the Ministry, is to quickly regroup his former allies. Reiterating the book's theme that Voldemort can only be defeated through mutual cooperation, Dumbledore requests that Snape and Sirius set aside their mutual hatred and work together to fight Voldemort. They grudgingly agree, but whether they can maintain a truce or if Snape truly is loyal to Dumbledore remains to be seen.

At this cooperative spectrum's other end, Dumbledore's efforts to defeat Voldemort are stymied by absolutely no cooperation from Cornelius Fudge and the Ministry of Magic. We can see that Fudge is preparing to vehemently deny publicly that the Dark Lord has returned, an action that will only aid Voldemort's rise to power. Fudge allowing (or perhaps ordering) the Dementor to administer the Kiss to Barty Crouch is not only shocking and likely illegal, but it suggests he could be a Voldemort accomplice or that he is in such extreme denial about unfolding events that he will use any means to protect himself and the Ministry, including using a Dementor to suck out Crouch's soul so he is unable to corroborate Harry's claims, as well as hurling accusations that Harry hallucinated everything that happened to him. Even if Harry is administered Veritaserum, the Ministry can then argue that Harry actually believes his hallucinations are the truth. Fudge's action, we can already see, will result in an acrimonious and irreparable split between him and Dumbledore, and also between Dumbledore and the Ministry of Magic.

The "gleam of triumph" in Dumbledore's eyes as Harry tells about Voldemort using his blood in his reanimation has been endlessly discussed by fans. Of course, this blood tie creates yet an additional connection between Harry and Voldemort, and it can be assumed from Dumbledore's reaction that it may actually somehow weaken the Dark Lord. However, this is still speculation, and it is yet unknown just how it will affect the story's outcome. All that is known is Voldemort claiming that his greatest enemy's blood will make him stronger; it is debatable, however, as to just who his greatest enemy actually is: Harry or Dumbledore.

Fawkes is relatively central to the scene in Dumbledore's office. In addition to learning that this is the Phoenix who donated the tail feathers that lie within Harry and Voldemort's wands, it is Fawkes who gives Harry the strength to retell his story and provides the tears to heal his injured leg.

It is unknown just what Hermione was doing by the hospital window at this chapter's conclusion, but it will prove to be meaningful later.

Also, although Harry feels responsible for Cedric's death, it is probable that he would have been killed anyway. Cedric would have reached the Triwizard Cup first, but, grateful for Harry's help, wanted Harry to take it. Harry instead insisted they grab it together because they helped each other equally throughout the Tournament. If Cedric alone had grasped it, he would have been transported to the cemetery rather than Harry, and, being useless to Voldemort's rebirth, likely would have been instantly murdered on Voldemort's command.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. Why would Fudge allow a Dementor to administer the Kiss to Barty Crouch? Were his actions legal?
2. What is the significance of the mark on Snape's forearm?
3. Why does Harry feel he is responsible for Cedric's death? Is he justified in believing so?
4. Cedric would have reached the Triwizard Cup first. What would have happened if he alone had grabbed it?
5. Why does Fawkes only sing a single note to Harry when he is in Dumbledore's office? How does it affect Harry? What else does Fawkes do that helps Harry?
6. Why is Harry given a potion for "dreamless" sleep?

[edit] Further Study

1. Who and what might the "old crowd" be that Dumbledore is referring to?
2. Harry shows no reaction when Dumbledore mentions someone named Arabella Figg. Should he?
3. What missions might Dumbledore assign to Hagrid and Olympe Maxime and also to Snape?
4. Why might Hermione be making such a commotion next to the hospital window? Why does she say nothing about it?
5. Snape and Sirius loathe each other. Is it possible that they can suppress their mutual hatred and work together as Dumbledore has requested?
6. Why does Dumbledore have a "gleam of triumph" in his eyes after Harry tells him Voldemort used some of Harry's blood for his reanimation?

[edit] Greater Picture

After Fudge's departure, Dumbledore begins dispatching various people on separate missions. The missions, only hinted at here, are fully explained in later books. Bill Weasley updates his father, Arthur Weasley, as to what has happened. Arthur, along with Molly, will be working within the Ministry of Magic. Hagrid and Olympe Maxime will seek out and contact the giants, to attempt to win them to Dumbledore's side, or at least keep them neutral. In Voldemort's previous time in power, Dumbledore had headed a group called the Order of the Phoenix, who worked against Voldemort outside of the Ministry; Sirius has been sent to alert former Order of the Phoenix members, including Remus Lupin, Mundungus Fletcher, and Arabella Figg to reactivate that group. Lupin is later sent to infiltrate and spy on a werewolf pack headed by the particularly vicious Fenrir Greyback, who has formed an alliance with Voldemort. And Snape is apparently sent to re-establish contact with Voldemort, although this will not be revealed to us until two books later.

It is also interesting, but hardly surprising, that Harry fails to recognize Arabella Figg's name; neither he, nor most readers, have yet to connect her with batty, old Mrs. Figg with all her cats back in Privet Drive. She is later revealed to be a Squib, and she has been guarding Harry since he first arrived at the Dursleys.

In the next chapter, we will learn that Hermione has discovered how Rita Skeeter is able to "bug" so many private conversations; she is, in fact, an unregistered Animagus, taking the form of a beetle. The commotion Hermione was making at the infirmary window was her trapping Skeeter in a jar.

It is learned in the final book that the "triumphant gleam" in Dumbledore's eyes is when he realizes that Harry's blood that is now within Voldemort's body will actually protect Harry from Voldemort, a fact unknown to the Dark Lord when he reanimated himself. Dumbledore explains that when Voldemort used Harry's blood, he also transferred the protection that had been conferred on Harry by Lily's sacrifice; thus, Harry now cannot die, at least not at Voldemort's wand, as long as this embodiment of Voldemort is alive.

Chapter 37: The Beginning

[edit] Synopsis

Over the next few days, Harry's worst memory is of Cedric Diggory's parents. They never seemed angry, and instead thanked Harry for returning Cedric's body. They expressed relief that he did not suffer and died only after winning the Tournament. Harry offered them the Tournament winnings, saying Cedric would have reached the Cup first, but they had refused.

Harry returns to Gryffindor Tower after Professor Dumbledore addresses the school. Ron and Hermione tell him that Dumbledore has instructed everyone to refrain asking Harry about what happened in the maze. Harry, Ron, and Hermione reach their own tacit agreement to avoid discussing it. Mrs. Weasley has asked Dumbledore if Harry could stay with them for the summer, but Dumbledore says Harry must first spend time at Privet Drive. When Harry wonders why, Ron says that his mother assumes Dumbledore has his reasons.

The only person Harry can confide in is Hagrid. With no Defence Against the Dark Arts teacher, that time is free, and the Trio heads to Hagrid's hut. He is pleased to see Harry and invites them all in. When Harry notices a second bucket-sized teacup on the table, Hagrid admits he was having tea with Madame Maxime. Hagrid startles Harry by saying that he knew Voldemort would return, it was only a matter of time. Hagrid says that Harry did as much as his father would have, and there is no higher praise than that. Harry smiles for the first time in days. When asked, Hagrid is unable to tell Harry what mission Dumbledore is sending Hagrid and Madame Maxime on; Hagrid almost has Madame Maxime convinced to go with him. He jokingly invites them to visit the last Skrewt.

The Leaving Feast is a sad affair; the Great Hall is draped in black. Professor Karkaroff is still missing, and Harry wonders whether he has been caught yet. The real Alastor Moody is there, looking jumpy. Snape has returned from his mission, still looking sour; Harry remembers from the Pensieve that Dumbledore told the Wizengamot that Snape became a spy at great personal risk before Voldemort's fall. Dumbledore rises to address the school, starting with a tribute to Cedric Diggory. Cedric, he says, exemplified the attributes of Hufflepuff House, he was a good and loyal friend, and a hard worker. It is only fair to reveal how he died: he was murdered by Lord Voldemort. The Ministry, he continues, "does not want me to tell you this, and some of your parents will be horrified, but truth is generally preferable to lies, and saying Cedric died from an accident is an insult to his memory." Dumbledore says he must also mention Harry Potter. Harry faced Lord Voldemort, escaped, and risked his life to return Cedric's body. He toasts Harry, as do most in the Great Hall; but through a gap in the standing figures, Harry sees that Draco and his cronies do not.

Finally, Dumbledore singles out the Beauxbatons and Durmstrang students, and says that in light of Voldemort's return, anyone now in the Hall is welcome to return to Hogwarts any time. Discord is Voldemort's main weapon, and Dumbledore asks that when given a choice between what is right, and what is easy, that they remember Cedric, who died because he strayed across Voldemort's path.

As Harry, Ron, and Hermione prepare to leave Hogwarts the next day, Fleur runs up to say goodbye to Harry; she is hoping to get a job in England to improve her English. When Ron says that it is very good already, Hermione scowls. As Fleur leaves, Ron wonders aloud how the Durmstrang students will get back without Karkaroff. Krum says that Karkaroff did not steer the ship, the students did. He asks Hermione for a private word. After they return, Krum says that he liked Cedric, and shakes Harry's hand, and then Ron's.

On the Hogwarts Express, Harry, Ron, and Hermione have a compartment to themselves, and Harry finally feels free to share what happened. They talk uninterrupted, until the lunch trolley arrives. Returning from the trolley, Hermione drops a copy of the Daily Prophet, saying there are not any Harry stories in it other than news about him winning the Tournament. She thinks Fudge is putting pressure on them. When Ron suggests that Rita Skeeter would never miss a story like that, Hermione admits that she discovered how Rita was getting her stories. Harry gave her a clue talking about electronic bugging. She then produces a jar containing a large beetle. It is Rita Skeeter, an unregistered Animagus. Hermione spotted her in the Hospital Wing the night Cedric died and trapped her in the jar. Ron and Harry recall that with every story Rita wrote, a large beetle had been nearby during their private conversations. Hermione will release her when they reach London, but if she writes any stories for one year, Rita will be reported to the Ministry of Magic.

Draco barges in, saying how clever Hermione is trapping a journalist. He tells Harry he has picked the wrong side; Voldemort is back, and Cedric is only the first to die. Wand-flashes suddenly fill the compartment, and Draco, Crabbe and Goyle are suddenly lying, unconscious and disfigured, on the floor. Harry, Ron, and Hermione each used a different hex on them, in addition to ones fired by Fred and George. After dumping Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle in the corridor, Fred and George join the Trio for the trip's remainder.

Harry asks who Fred and George were blackmailing. Fred responds it was Ludo Bagman, but they have given up. Ludo paid their winnings with vanishing Leprechaun gold. When they demanded real money, he became virtuous, telling them boys their age should not be gambling anyway. Apparently, he also cheated Lee Jordan's father. Ludo also wagered on the Quidditch World Cup with the Goblins and lost heavily. He was betting on Harry to win the Triwizard Tournament, which is why he was always trying to help Harry. When Harry and Cedric touched the cup simultaneously, the Goblins claimed it was a draw, and Ludo had run.

Reaching King's Cross Station, Hermione and Ron maneuver their trunks past the still-stunned Draco and his cronies. Harry privately calls George and Fred aside and gives them his Triwizard prize. George exclaims that he must be mental, but Harry insists he does not want or need it. He wants the Twins to finance their own joke shop with it, but there is one condition: they must buy Ron new dress robes. After bidding goodbye to Hermione and Ron, and receiving Fred and George's fervent thanks, Harry leaves with Uncle Vernon, awaiting whatever may happen next.

[edit] Analysis

As the book ends, the final chapter's title ("The Beginning") indicates that Lord Voldemort's second rise to power has begun. Knowing that far worse times are fast approaching, Dumbledore realizes that Voldemort's evil plan will likely include conquering Wizarding realms outside Britain. During his tribute, Dumbledore appeals to all Hogwarts, Beauxbatons, and Durmstrang students to not only remember Cedric Diggory, but to embrace the international ties they have built and to unite as allies against the Dark Lord, offering an open door to Hogwarts to anyone needing help. He warns that Voldemort uses discord to create divisions and disharmony, allowing him to build strength by gaining footholds within the many Wizarding realms and recruiting the discontented within to his side.

Harry's refusal to keep the Tournament prize money and instead offer it to the Diggorys (who also refuse) shows Harry's honesty and integrity. He will not accept anything unless he earned or won it fairly, which could be considered a Hufflepuff characteristic. Instead, he uses it to finance Fred and George's joke shop enterprise, believing in their magical abilities, trusting them to spend the money responsibly, and knowing they will honour his condition to buy new dress robes for Ron, who would refuse this from Harry. Harry also insists that they keep their arrangement secret, not wanting any credit for helping them.

[edit] Questions

[edit] Review

1. How did Hermione discover that Rita Skeeter is an unregistered Animagus? How did Harry unintentionally give her a hint?
2. Why were Fred and George blackmailing Ludo Bagman, and what was the outcome?
3. How and why does Harry help the Twins out of their situation, and why does he want it kept secret? Why does he place a condition on this help, and what is that condition?
4. Why does Dumbledore tell the Beauxbatons and Durmstrang students that they are now always welcome at Hogwarts?

[edit] Further Study

1. What does Dumbledore mean when he says Voldemort uses discord as a weapon? Give examples of that.
2. Why does Harry wait to tell Ron and Hermione what happened in the maze and immediately after?
3. Why is Harry able to talk to Hagrid about what happened, but not to anyone else?
4. Why did the Diggorys refuse the prize money, even though Cedric (technically) won the Tournament?
5. Can Rita Skeeter be trusted to keep her word that she will not write any stories about Harry for one year, despite Hermione's threat? How might Skeeter overcome this?
6. What does Dumbledore mean when he says it is only right to tell students how Cedric actually died?
7. Why might Dumbledore insist that Harry spend time at the Dursleys before staying with the Weasleys for the summer?

[edit] Greater Picture

Dumbledore's refusal to allow anyone to talk to Harry about the events in the graveyard, and the limited amount of information he provides at the Leaving Feast, seems to be adequate to the reader, who of course has been present for the entire sequence. For Harry, and for Dumbledore, the information Dumbledore provides should be enough to go on with. For the student body, however, there is not enough information available to be certain whether Harry or Dumbledore are telling the truth. The large number of unanswered questions will lead a significant part of the student body to doubt Harry's story. Harry will have to fight this disbelief, which will be aided by the Ministry's attack on their credibility, through a large part of the next book.

Dumbledore and Harry are not only battling Voldemort, but also the Ministry of Magic, who will refuse to admit that Voldemort has returned, and will mount their own attack against Harry and Dumbledore, publicly renouncing their claims and undermining their credibility. We have already seen the start of this campaign, as Fudge, denying all evidence he is presented, says that if Dumbledore persists in this story that Voldemort has returned, the Ministry will fight him. This is, presumably, why Dumbledore states that the Ministry does not want him to tell the students that Voldemort has returned. We will see, in the next book, that the Ministry carries this policy of denial to almost incredible lengths, abandoning it finally only when Voldemort is seen by Fudge and other witnesses in the Ministry atrium.

Harry recalls from the Pensieve that when Dumbledore vouched for Snape's loyalty, saying he become a Ministry spy at "great personal risk," he did so while in Karkaroff's presence. Karkaroff, who has gone into hiding, is a weak and cowardly character, as shown when he divulged Death Eaters' names in exchange for his release from Azkaban. If a Death Eater finds him, he may again attempt to barter information for his life, and Snape turning informant is a huge bargaining chip. It will be revealed that Karkaroff is killed about a year after going into hiding, found in a hut with the Dark Mark floating overhead. Assuming the Ministry left his memory intact, could Karkaroff have revealed Snape's defection to his murderer? If so, and the Death Eater passed on this information, would an arrogant Voldemort believe it rather that his own Legilimency that Snape is loyal? As it turns out, Snape's loyalty to Voldemort is restored by the mission that he has just completed, and is apparently not cast into doubt by anything Karkaroff might have managed to say, as by the beginning of the final book, Snape is Voldemort's right-hand man.

It will be mentioned in the next book that Harry's protection, which he received when his mother died to save him, will remain in force only as long as he has a place that he can call home, where his mother's blood (Aunt Petunia) remains. It is because of this that Dumbledore is taking pains to ensure that the house at Privet Drive will remain a home for Harry, despite Harry's patent dislike for the place.