Horticulture/Pisum
From Wikibooks, the open-content textbooks collection
| Peas | |
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| Genus: | Pisum |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Type: | Annuals |
| Pollination: | Insects |
Pisum is a genus of the family Fabaceae, native to southwest Asia and northeast Africa. Pisum sativum, the field pea or garden pea, is the most commonly cultivated.
[edit] Description
Tendrilled vines with compound leaves. The flower has 5 sepals (fused), 5 petal, 10 anthers (9 are fused ,1 free) and 2 carpels(fused). The fruit is a legume (the pea).
[edit] Growing conditions
Sunny locations, soils should be rich but well-drained. Seeds are usually innoculated with a bacteria which fixes atmospheric nitrogen for the use of the plant.
[edit] Varieties
The genus contains one to five species, depending on taxonomic interpretation; the International Legume Database (ILDIS) accepts three species, one with two subspecies [1]:
- Pisum abyssinicum (syn. P. sativum subsp. abyssinicum)
- Pisum fulvum
- Pisum sativum - Pea
- Pisum sativum subsp. elatius (syn. P. elatius, P. syriacum)
- Pisum sativum subsp. sativum
[edit] Uses
Pisum sativum is commonly grown as a food crop, but all plants in this genus can be used as cover crops.
[edit] Pests and diseases
Leaf Spot, Pod Spot
- Ascochyta pinodes
- Ascochyta pisi
- Fusarium oxysporum pisi
- Pea Aphid: Acyrthosiphon pisum
- Green Peach Aphid: Myzus persicae
- Tarnished Plant Bug: Lygus lineolaris
- Fourlined Plant Bug: Poecilocapsus lineatus
- Onions thrips: Thrips tabaci
- American Serpentine Leafminer: Liriomyza trifolii
- Pea Leafminer: Liriomyza huidobrensis
- Seedcorn Maggot: Delia platura
- Pea Weevil: Bruchus pisorum
- Pea Leaf Weevil: Sitona lineatus
- Cucumber Beetles
- Turnip Moth: Agrotis segetum
- Pea Moth: Cydia nigricana
- Stalk Borer: Papaipema nebris
- Cabbage Looper: Trichoplusia ni
- Celery Looper: Anagrapha falcifera
- Speckled Green Fruitworm: Orthosia hibisci
- Beet Armyworm: Spodoptera exigua
Bucculatrix pyrivorella, w:Cabbage Moth, Common Swift, w:Ghost Moth, Hypercompe indecisa, The Nutmeg, w:Setaceous Hebrew Character and w:Turnip Moth.
[edit] References
Christopher Brickell et al. (1993). The American Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Gardening. DK Publishing, inc., 339-340.
- Staff of the L. H. Bailey Hortorium (1976). Hortus Third: A Concise Dictionary of Plants Cultivated in the United States and Canada. Cornell University Press, 879.
- Cranshaw, Whitney (2004). Garden Insects of North America: The Ultimate Guide to Backyard Bugs. Princeton University Press, 613.
- Pippa Greenwood, Andrew Halstead, A.R. Chase, Daniel Gilrein (2000). American Horticultural Society Pests & Diseases: The Complete Guide to Preventing, Identifying, and Treating Plant Problems, First Edition, Dorling Kindersley (DK) Publishing, inc., 203.
