Flora of New York/Brassicales

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The order Brassicales ...

Family Tropaeolaceae[edit | edit source]

The Tropaeolaceae (nasturtium family) contains the single genus Tropaeolum, which in New York is represented by the cultivated ornamental commonly known as nasturtium. Note that this is not the same as the genus Nasturtium, commonly known as watercress, in the family Brassicaceae below.[1]
  1. ↑ NYFA Tropaeolaceae family page (1 taxon only)
Tropaeolum[edit | edit source]
Tropaeolum majus
nasturtium
Brassicales — Tropaeolaceae — Tropaeolum
Genus Tropaeolum Nasturtium N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Tropaeolum majus L.
    
    
 Nasturtium Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

Family Limnanthaceae[edit | edit source]

The Limnanthaceae (meadowfoam family) [1]

Floerkea[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Limnanthaceae — Floerkea
Genus Floerkea Floerkea N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Willd.
1801. Floerkea proserpinacoides Willd.
1814. Nectris pinnata Pursh
1830. Cabomba pinnata (Pursh) Schult.& Schult.f.
1900. Floerkea occidentalis Rydb.
 False mermaidweed,
False mermaid-weed,
False mermaid 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure
FACW-FAC
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
Go Botany
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
BONAP
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  1. ↑ NYFA Limnanthaceae family page (1 taxon only)

Family Resedaceae[edit | edit source]

The Resedaceae (mignonette family) contains up to a dozen genera worldwide, but only Reseda is listed in New York State.[1]
  1. ↑ Resedaceae Troy Weldy & David Werier (2013) New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York.

Tribe Resedeae[edit | edit source]

Reseda[edit | edit source]
Reseda lutea
Mignonette
Brassicales — Resedaceae — Resedeae — Reseda
Genus Reseda Tourn. (1753) Mignonette N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Yellow upright mignonette,
Cut-leaf mignonette,
Wild mignonette 		Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 15 counties
Alien GBIF
3 counties
USDA-XW
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 L.
 White upright mignonette Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XW
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Dyer's rocket,
Dyer's weed,
Dyer's weld,
Weld 		Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Garden mignonette Introduced,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

Family Cleomaceae[edit | edit source]

Subfamily Cleomoideae[edit | edit source]

Polanisia[edit | edit source]

Brassicales — Cleomaceae — Cleomoideae — Polanisia
Genus Polanisia Clammyweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC.
ssp. dodecandra
1753. Cleome dodecandra L.
1824. Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC.
1819. Polanisia graveolens Raf.
 Common clammy-weed,
Redwhisker clammyweed,
Red-whisker clammy-weed
Polanisie à douze étamines 		Native, CoC: 6,
Secure?

NYFA: X
USDA-NN
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Peritoma[edit | edit source]

Brassicales — Cleomaceae — Cleomoideae — Peritoma
Genus Peritoma Spiderflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Pursh) DC.
1813. Cleome serrulata Pursh
1824. Peritoma serrulata (Pursh) DC.
1895. Cleome integrifolia var-angusta
1899. Cleome inornata Greene
1900. Peritoma inornata (Greene) Greene
 Bee spider-flower,
Rocky Mountain beeplant,
Stinking bee-plant,
Guaco 		Introduced,
N. America native,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm
USDA-
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Tarenaya[edit | edit source]

Tarenaya hassleriana
Brassicales — Cleomaceae — Cleomoideae — Tarenaya
Genus Tarenaya Spiderflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Chodat) H.H.Iltis
1898. Cleome hassleriana Chodat
2007. Tarenaya hassleriana (Chodat) H.H.Iltis
 auct. Cleome spinosa non Jacq.
Spider-flower ⓘ
Pink queen ⓘ
Giant spider-flower ⓘ
Spiderplant ⓘ
Introduced from
 South America,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Genus Tarenaya (excluded taxa) Spiderflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Jacq.) Raf.
1760. Cleome spinosa Jacq.
1838. Tarenaya spinosa (Jacq.) Raf.
    
Spiny spiderflower ⓘ
Introduced from
 South America,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies

Gynandropsis[edit | edit source]

Brassicales — Cleomaceae — Cleomoideae — Gynandropsis
Genus Gynandropsis Spiderflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Briq.
1753. Cleome gynandra L.
1759. Cleome pentaphylla L.
1790. Pedicellaria pentaphylla (L.) Schrank
1914. Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq.
1824. Gynandropsis pentaphylla (L.) DC.
 African spider-flower,
Spiderwisp,
Cat’s-whiskers 		Introduced from
 Africa & Asia,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Images
Wikispecies

Family Brassicaceae[edit | edit source]

The Brassicaceae (mustard family) contains about 44 genera in New York, including more than 100 taxa. Of these, only about 30 percent are native to New York.[1][2][3]
  1. ↑ New York Flora Atlas: Brassicaceae family page
  2. ↑ The order in which Brassicaceae tribes are listed here is based primarily on Beilstein, Al-Shehbaz, Mathews & Kellogg (2008) Brassicaceae phylogeny inferred from phytochrome A and ndhF sequence data: tribes and trichomes revisited. American Journal of Botany Oct. 2008 95(10): 1307-1327 (particularly fig. 3, p. 1316)
  3. ↑ The order is also based on Bailey, Koch, Mayer, Mummenhoff, O’Kane, Warwick, Windham & Al-Shehbaz (2006) Toward a Global Phylogeny of the Brassicaceae. Oxford University Press: Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution Aug. 2006 23(11): 2142–216 2142-2160

Tribe Alysseae[edit | edit source]

Berteroa[edit | edit source]
Berteroa incana
Berteroa incana (hoary alyssum) is the only species of its genus listed as currently naturalized in North America north of Mexico according to Al-Shehbaz (2020) in the Flora of North America. Berteroa mutabilis was last collected in the early twentieth century from garden escapes in KS and MA, and Berteroa incana, collected from the Catskills, was misidentified as Berteroa obliqua.[1]
  1. ↑ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz (2020). Berteroa de Candolle in FNA Volume 7 page 252. Flora of North America Association, 5 November 2020.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Alysseae — Berteroa
Genus Berteroa False-madwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC.
1753.  Alyssum incanum  L. in…
1779.  Draba cheiriformis  Lam. in…
1786.  Draba cheiranthifolia  Lam. in…
1788.  Moenchia incana  (L.) Roth in…
1800.  Draba dasycarpa  Bernh. in…
1812.  Farsetia incana  (L.) W.T.Aiton in…
1815.  Vesicaria incana  (L.) Desv. in…
1821.  Berteroa incana  (L.) DC. in…
1854.  Berteroa stricta  Boiss. & Heldr. in…
1888.  Berteroa ascendens  var. microcarpa  Boiss. in…
1902.  Crucifera berteroa  E.H.L.Krause in…
1948.  Berteroa incana  ssp. stricta  (Boiss. & Heldr.) Stoj. & Stef. in…
Hoary-alyssum ⓘ
Hoary alyssum ⓘ
Hoary false alyssum ⓘ
Hoary false madwort ⓘ
Hoary alison ⓘ
Introduced

NYFA: X
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
? counties
USDA-XX
COL
POWO
FSUS
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Genus Berteroa (excluded taxa) False-madwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Vent.) DC.
1800.  Alyssum mutabile  Vent.
1821.  Berteroa mutabilis  (Vent.) DC.
Roadside false madwort ⓘ
Introduced from
 Italy, Balkans, Turkey,
N.Y. excluded,
FNA excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: Excluded
iNat
No NA observations
USDA-X0
POWO
ITIS
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
 (Sm.) DC.
1813. Alyssum obliquum Sm.
1821. Berteroa obliqua (Sm.) DC.
    
False madwort
Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: ? counties
? counties
USDA-00
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
Alyssum[edit | edit source]
Alyssum alyssoides
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Alysseae — Alyssum
Genus Alyssum Madwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) L.
 Alyssum,
Small Alison,
Pale madwort 		Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [1],
 GRIIS-US: Invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 19 counties
counties
USDA-X
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Odontarrhena[edit | edit source]
Odontarrhena muralis
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Alysseae — Odontarrhena
Genus Odontarrhena Alyssum N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Waldst. & Kit.) Endl.
1799. Alyssum murale Waldst. & Kit.
1841. Odontarrhena muralis (Waldst. & Kit.) Endl.
 Yellowtuft,
Wall alyssum 		Introduced,
Unknown naturalization

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-X
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Lunaria[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Alysseae — Lunaria
Genus Lunaria Honesty N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
 Annual honesty Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Aurinia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Alysseae — Aurinia
Genus Aurinia Aurinia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Ard.) Schur
1764. Alyssum petraeum Ard.
1866. Aurinia petraea (Ard.) Schur
    
Gold-tuft ⓘ
Goldentuft ⓘ
Golden tuft
Rock Aurinia
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-X0
Go Botany-0
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
IPN
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Desv.
ssp. saxatilis
1753. Alyssum saxatile L.
1815. Aurinia saxatilis (L.) Desv.
    
 Basket-of-gold,
Golden tuft 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
Lobularia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Alysseae — Lobularia
Genus Lobularia Lobularia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Desv.
 Sweet alyssum Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Conringieae[edit | edit source]

Conringia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Conringieae — Conringia
Genus Conringia Hare's-ear-mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Dumort.
1753. Brassica orientalis L.
1821. Conringia orientalis (L.) C. Presl
 Hare's-ear-mustard,
Rabit's-ear-mustard,
Treacle mustard,
Slinkweed 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Thlaspideae[edit | edit source]

Alliaria[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Thlaspideae — Alliaria
Genus Alliaria Alliaria N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (M.Bieb.) Cavara & Grande
1753. Erysimum alliaria  L.
1772. Sisymbrium alliaria  Scop.
1808. Arabis petiolata  M.Bieb.
1819. Alliaria officinalis  Andrz. ex M.Bieb.
1913. Alliaria petiolata (M.Bieb.) Cavara & Grande
 Garlic mustard,
Hedge garlic
Alliaire officinale,
Alliaire 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Very highly invasive,
 NYIS: 84%[1],
Prohibited[2],
CP-2[3] NE-1[4]
FACU
Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Alliaria petiolata: Very high (84).
  2. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Proposed Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
  3. ↑ Appendix 2. Plant species that are considered highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  4. ↑ Category 1 Plants - highly invasive - Eastern Region invasive plants, ranked by degree of invasiveness as based on information from States (1998) US Forest Service
Thlaspi[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Thlaspideae — Thlaspi
Genus Thlaspi Pennycress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Thlaspi arvense L.
    
    
 Field penny-cress,
Fanweed 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
SNA
UPL
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Mummenhoffia[edit | edit source]
Mummenhoffia alliacea
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Thlaspideae — Mummenhoffia
Genus Mummenhoffia Pennycress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Esmailbegi & Al-Shehbaz
1753. Thlaspi alliaceum L.
2018. Mummenhoffia alliacea (L.) Esmailbegi & Al-Shehbaz
Garlic pennycress ⓘ
Roadside pennycress ⓘ
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
 iMapInvasives,
 Invasive.org: [2],
Not listed in NY Flora Atlas

NYFA: Not listed
iNat
GBIF
8 counties
POWO
Images
Wikispecies
Noccaea[edit | edit source]
Noccaea perfoliata
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Thlaspideae — Microthlaspi
Genus Noccaea Moench Pennycress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Al-Shehbaz
1753. Thlaspi perfoliatum L.
1973. Microthlaspi perfoliatum (L.) F.K.Mey.
2014. Noccaea perfoliata (L.) Al-Shehbaz
Perfoliate penny-cress
Claspleaf pennycress
Introduced

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Arabideae[edit | edit source]

Arabis[edit | edit source]
Arabis pycnocarpa
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Arabideae — Arabis
Genus Arabis Rockcress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 M.Hopkins
1937. Arabis pycnocarpa M.Hopkins
1937. Arabis pycnocarpa  var. reducta  M.Hopkins
1937. Arabis pycnocarpa  var. typica  M.Hopkins
1941. Arabis hirsuta  var. pycnocarpa  Rollins
1945. Arabis hirsuta  ssp. pycnocarpa  Hultén
1951. Arabis hirsuta  var. minshallii  B.Boivin
 Creamflower rockcress,
Cream-flowered rockcress,
Hairy rock-cress,
Hairy eared-rockcress 		Native, CoC: 9,
Likely secure
Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5?
iNat
USDA-NN
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 (M.Hopkins) Al-Shehbaz
1937. Arabis pycnocarpa  var. adpressipilis  M.Hopkins
1941. Arabis hirsuta  var. adpressipilis  Rollins
2017. Arabis adpressipilis  (M.Hopkins) Al-Shehbaz
 Slender rock-cress,
Southern hairy rock-cress,
Creamflower rockcress 		Native, CoC: 10,
No recent reports,
NYNHP: SH[1]

NYFA: NU
NYFA: Tomkins (1875)
iNat
No NY observations
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FNA
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 Willd.
1800. Arabis alpina  Georgi (nom. illeg.)
1814. Arabis caucasica Willd.
1913. Arabis alpina  ssp. caucasica  Briq.
Garden rockcress ⓘ
Garden Arabis ⓘ
Gray rockcress ⓘ
Arabette du Caucase ⓘ
Corbeille d'argent ⓘ
Introduced from
 Eurasia, n. Africa,
Unknown naturalization
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: Niagara, Herkimer
Niagara
USDA-NN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Arabis (excluded taxa) Rockcress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Scop.
1772. Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop.
    
    
Hairy rockcress ⓘ
N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NM
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. New York Rare Plant Status Lists December 2022: Arabis adpressipilis Slender Rock Cress G5T4 SH E
Draba[edit | edit source]
Various Draba species are known as whitlow-grass or whitlow-mustard because they were thought to a cure for the "whitlow," which is an inflammation of fingernail, toenail, or hoof areas.


Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Arabideae — Draba
Genus Draba Whitlow grass,
whitlow mustard 		N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Michx.
1803. Draba arabisans Michx.
1807. D. arabis Pers. (i)
1835. D. incanavar. glabriuscula
1888. D. incanavar. arabisans
1953. D. arabisansvar. superiorensis
 Rock whitlow-grass,
Rock whitlow-mustard,
Rock draba 		Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
NYNHP: 2[1]
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2
USDA-NN
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Tropicos
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 Pursh
1813. Draba glabella Pursh
1821. Draba daurica DC.
1865. Draba canadensis Brunet
1905. D. arabisansvar. canadensis
1905. Draba pycnosperma
Fernald & C.H. Knowlt.
 Smooth whitlow-grass,
Smooth whitlow-mustard,
Smooth rock-cress,
Smooth draba 		Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[2]
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
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 L.
    
    
    
 Spring whitlow-grass,
Spring whitlow-mustard,
Spring draba 		Introduced,
Naturalized
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-XW
Go Botany
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  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Draba arabisans. Threatened, S2/G3.
  2. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Draba glabella. Endangered, S1/G5.
Tomostima[edit | edit source]
Tomostima reptans
Genus Tomostima
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Arabideae — Tomostima
Genus Tomostima Whitlow grass,
whitlow mustard 		N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Lam.) Al-Shehbaz, M.Koch & Jordon-Thaden
1783. Arabis reptans  Lam.
1788. Draba caroliniana  Walter
1817. Arabis rotundifolia  Raf.
1838. Draba micrantha  Nutt.
1916. Tomostima micrantha  (Nutt.) Lunell
1934. Draba reptans  (Lam.) Fernald
2012. Tomostima reptans (Lam.) Al-Shehbaz, M.Koch & Jordon-Thaden
 Carolina whitlow-grass,
Carolina whitlow-mustard,
Carolina draba,
Creeping draba 		Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
NYNHP: 2[1]
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2
GBIF
USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
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Tropicos
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  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Draba reptans. Threatened, S2/G5.

Tribe Iberideae[edit | edit source]

The Brassicaceae tribe Iberideae contains the genera Iberis and Teesdalia, which together contain about four species that have been introduced to New York.[1]
  1. ↑ Brassicaceae tribe Iberideae. Flora of North America Association.
Iberis[edit | edit source]
Iberis sempervirens
A few non-native Iberis (candytuft) plants have been discovered in New York over the years but are not known to naturalize in the state.

The common name candytuft is derived from the Latin name Candia, which referred to the island of Crete or what is now Heraklion, its largest city.

Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Iberideae — Iberis
Genus Iberis Candy tuft N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Iberis umbellata L.
1762. Thlaspi umbellatum  (L.) Crantz
1821. Thlaspi umbellatum  (L.) Steven ex DC.
1904. Iberis roseopurpurea  Sagorski
1836. Iberis coronaria  D.Don
1937. Iberis visiani  Degen
 Globe candy-tuft,
Globe candytuft,
Annual candytuft 		Introduced from
 Europe,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 5 counties
3 counties
USDA-XW
POWO
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Iberis sempervirens L.
1773. Iberis garrexiana  All.
1850. Iberis serrulata  Vis.
1888. Aethionema longistylum  Post
 Evergreen candytuft,
Evergreen candy-tuft 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Not naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: Ulster 1967
Kings, Nassau 2023
USDA-X0
POWO
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Iberis amara L.
1762. Thlaspi amarum  (L.) Crantz
1901. Biauricula amara  (L.) Bubani
1902. Crucifera iberis  E.H.L.Krause
 Rocket candy-tuft,
Rocket candytuft,
Annual candy-tuft 		Introduced from
 Europe,
Unk. naturalizaion

NYFA: X
NYFA: Oswego 1882, Washington 1897
0 counties
USDA-Xw
POWO
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Iberis (excluded taxa) Candy tuft N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Willd.
1800. Iberis carnosa Willd.
1817. Iberis pruitii Tineo
1854. Iberis jordanii Boiss.
1821. Iberis lagascana DC.
1821. Iberis tenoreana DC.
 Pruit's candytuft Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
NYFA: Excluded
No NY obserations
USDA-X0
ITIS
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Teesdalia[edit | edit source]
Teesdalia nudicaulis
The only species of genus Teesdalia known to grow outside of cultivation in New York is Teesdalia nudicaulis (shepherd's cress), which has been observed on Long Island.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Iberideae — Teesdalia
Genus Teesdalia Shepard's cress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) W.T.Aiton
1753. Iberis nudicaulis  L.
1812. Teesdalia nudicaulis (L.) W.T.Aiton
1884. Capsella nudicaulis  (L.) Prantl
1902. Crucifera teesdalea  E.H.L.Krause
Shepherd’s cress ⓘ
Barestem teesdalia ⓘ
Common shepherd's-cress
Introduced

NYFA: X
NYFA: Nassau, Suffolk
GBIF
Nassau only
USDA-XX
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POWO
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Tribe Isatideae[edit | edit source]

Isatis[edit | edit source]
Isatis tinctoria
The genus Isatis (woad)
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Isatideae — Isatis
Genus Isatis Woad N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Isatis tinctoria L.
 Dyer’s woad,
Pastel des teinturiers 		Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm
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Tribe Brassiceae[edit | edit source]

The Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae contains the 13 genera: Brassica, Cakile, Carrichtera, Coincya, Crambe, Diplotaxis, Eruca, Erucastrum, Hirschfeldia, Orychophragmus, Raphanus, Rapistrum, and Sinapis.[1] The 9 genera known to be present in New York are shown in bold text.
  1. ↑ Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz (2020). "Brassicaceae tribe Brassiceae" in Flora of North America. Vol. 7.
Cakile[edit | edit source]
Cakile edentula
The genus Cakile contains the only New York native in the tribe Brassiceae. The species Cakile edentula is native to coastal New York, with American sea rocket (Cakile edentula var. edentula) primarily on Atlantic coastal beaches and lake sea rocket (Cakile edentula var. lacustris) on Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. European sea-rocket has also been found near New York City beaches.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Cakilinae — Cakile
Genus Cakile Sea rocket N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Bigelow) Hook.
var. edentula
1814. Bunias edentula Bigelow
1818. Cakile americana Nutt.
1830. Cakile edentula Hook.
1907. Cakile californica A.Heller
1945. Cakile edentulassp. californica
1965. Cakile aegyptiavar. edentula
 American sea rocket,
Sea rocket,
Sea kale
Caquillier édentulé 		Native,
Secure

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 (Bigelow) Hook.
var. lacustris Fernald
1922. Cakile edentulavar. lacustris
1945. Cakile edentulassp. lacustris
1964. Cakile lacustris (Fernald) Pobed.
 Great lakes searocket
Caquillier des Grands Lacs 		Native,
Vulnerable

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 Scop.
ssp. maritima
1753. Bunias cakile L.
1772. Cakile maritima Scop.
1812. Cakile pinnatifida Stokes
1821. Rapistrum maritimum
(Scop.) Bergeret ex DC.
1882. Cakile cakile (L.) H. Karst.
 European sea-rocket Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Not naturalized
Bronx (1923-1926),
Kings (1865),
Nassau (2001),
New York (1948)
NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Brassica[edit | edit source]
Brassica nigra
The genus Brassica contains the majority of the cruciferous vegetable species
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Brassica
Genus Brassica Mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Czern.
  Brassica nigra (n = 8) ×
  Brassica rapa (n = 10)
1753. Sinapis juncea L.
1859. Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.
    Brassica integrifolia
    Brassica japonica
    Brassica willdenowii
Chinese mustard ⓘ
Mustard greens ⓘ
Brown mustard ⓘ
Indian mustard ⓘ
Leaf mustard ⓘ
Moutarde d'Inde
Moutarde brune
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA
UPL
Annual,
Herb-forb

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 L.
1753. Brassica rapa L.
    Brassica campestris
    Brassica chinensis
    Brassica pekinensis
    Sinapis pekinensis
Field mustard ⓘ
Turnip ⓘ
Chinese cabbage ⓘ
Wild turnip ⓘ
Introduced,
Naturalized,
SNA
UPL
Biennial,
Herb-forb

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 L.
1753. Brassica napus L.
1768. Brassica napobrassica (L.) Mill.
1833. Brassica napus  var. napobrassica  (L.) Rchb.
Rapeseed ⓘ
Rutabaga ⓘ
Rape ⓘ
Oilseed rape ⓘ
Swedish turnip ⓘ
Canola ⓘ
Colza ⓘ
Introduced,
Unknown naturalization,
SNA
Biennial,
Herb-forb

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 L.
1753. Brassica oleracea L.
1753. Brassica oleracea  var. capitata  
1768. Brassica sylvestris Mill.
1821. Brassica oleracea  var. acephala  DC.
1829. Napus oleracea in…
1841. Brassica maritima Tardent
1902. Crucifera brassica E.H.L. Krause
1922. Brassica alboglabra L.H. Bailey
Cabbage ⓘ
Kale ⓘ
Collards ⓘ
Broccoli ⓘ
Cauliflower ⓘ
Kohlrabi ⓘ
Wild cabbage ⓘ
Chou potager ⓘ
Chou ⓘ
Introduced from
 Europe,
Not naturalized,
SNA, GNR
Cattaraugus,
Nassau (1897),
Otsego (1969),
Tompkins (1918)
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Rhamphospermum[edit | edit source]
Rhamphospermum arvense
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Rhamphospermum
Genus Rhamphospermum Mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Sinapis arvensis L.
1938. Brassica kaber (DC.) L.C.Wheeler
 Charlock,
Charlock mustard,
Corn mustard,
Wild mustard 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Naturalized

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 (L.) W.D.J.Koch
1833. Brassica nigra (L.) W.D.J.Koch
    Sinapis nigra
    Sisymbrium nigrum
 Black mustard,
Shortpod mustard,
Moutarde noire 		Introduced,
Eurasia native,
N. Africa native

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Sinapis[edit | edit source]
Sinapis alba
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Sinapis
Genus Sinapis Mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
    Sinapis alba L.
    Brassica alba Rabenh., non L.
    Brassica hirta Moench
 White mustard Introduced

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Coincya[edit | edit source]
Coincya monensis
Coincya monensis is now spreading from Pennsylvania into southern New York. [1] [2]
  1. ↑ Tunyalee Martin/Wildland Invasive Species Team, The Nature Conservancy (2000), Updated January 2005
  2. ↑ Robert F.C. Naczi & John W. Thieret (1996). "Invasion and spread of Coincya monensis (Brassicaceae) in North America." SIDA, Contributions to Botany, 17(1) pp. 43–53.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Coincya
Genus Coincya Star-mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Greuter & Burdet
ssp. cheiranthos C.Aedo Pérez, Leadlay & Muñoz Garm.
1779. Brassica cheiranthos Vill.
1785. Sinapis recurvata All.
1804. Brassica pseudoerucastrum Brot.
1843. Brassica cheiranthos  var. cheiranthos  (Vill.) Bab.
1957. Rhynchosinapis cheiranthos (Vill.) Dandy
1959. R. pseudoerucastrum (Brot.) Franco
1977. Hutera cheiranthos (Vill.) Gómez-Campo
1983. Coincya coincyoides (Humbert & Maire) Greuter & Burdet
1990. Coincya monensis  var. recurvata  (All.) Leadlay
1990. Coincya monensis  ssp. recurvata  (All.) Leadlay
1993. Coincya monensis  ssp. cheiranthos  (Vill.) C.Aedo Pérez, Leadlay & Muñoz Garm.
Star-mustard
Tall wallflower-cabbage
Wallflower-cabbage
Coincya ⓘ
Isle of Man cabbage ⓘ
Introduced from
 Europe,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
NYFA: 3 counties
iNat
GBIF
? counties
USDA-X0
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Diplotaxis[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Diplotaxis
Genus Diplotaxis Wall rocket N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) DC
 Annual wallrocket,
Sand-rocket,
Wall-rocket 		Introduced,
Naturalized

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 (L.) DC
 Perennial wallrocket Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
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 (L.) DC.
 White wallrocket Introduced,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm
USDA-XW
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Eruca[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Eruca
Genus Eruca Rocket salad N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Cav.
ssp. sativa (Mill.) Thell.
1753. Brassica eruca L.
1768. Eruca sativa Mill.
1898. Eruca eruca (L.) Asch. & Graebn.
1918. Eruca vesicaria  ssp. sativa  (Mill.) Thell.
Arugula ⓘ
Rocketsalad ⓘ
Rocket-salad
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm
USDA-XX
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Genus Eruca (excluded taxa) Rocket salad N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Cav.
ssp. vesicaria
1753. Brassica vesicaria L.
1803. Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Rocket ⓘ
Introduced from
 Europe,
 northern Africa,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-00
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Erucastrum[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Erucastrum
Genus Erucastrum Dog mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution n NPT
 (Willd.) O.E.Schulz
    Sisymbrium gallicum Willd.
    Erucastrum pollichii
 Common dogmustard,
French rocket,
Moutarde des chiens 		Introduced,
Naturalized
Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Raphanus[edit | edit source]
Raphanus raphanistrum
The genus Raphanus contains the radish species, including the cultivated garden radish and wild radishes.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Raphanus
Genus Raphanus Radish N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. raphanistrum
 Wild radish Introduced,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 L.
R. raphanistrum var. sativus
 Cultivated radish Introduced,
Unknown naturalization

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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Rapistrum[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Brassiceae — Brassicinae — Rapistrum
Genus Rapistrum Bastard cabbage N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) All.
Myagrum rugosum L.
 Bastard-cabbage,
Annual bastard cabbage,
Grenade 		Introduced,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm
USDA-Xw
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Tribe Sisymbrieae[edit | edit source]

Sisymbrium[edit | edit source]
Sisymbrium officinale
Hedgemustard
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Sisymbrieae — Sisymbrium
Genus Sisymbrium Hedgemustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Sisymbrium altissimum L.
 Tall tumble-mustard,
Tall rocket 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [3],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
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USDA-XX
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 (L.) Scop.
1753. Erysimum officinale L.
1772. Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop.
Common hedge mustard ⓘ
Common hedge-mustard ⓘ
Hedge mustard ⓘ
Hairy-pod hedge mustard ⓘ
Hairy-pod hedge-mustard ⓘ
Hairy-podded hedgemustard ⓘ
Sisymbre officinal
Introduced from
 Euraasia native,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [4],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
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GBIF
USDA-XX
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 L.
1755. Sisymbrium loeselii L.
1891. Hesperis loeselii (L.) Kuntze
1902. Crucifera loeselii (L.) E.H.L.Krause
 Small tumbleweed mustard,
False London rocket,
Tall hedgemustard 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [5],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Xm
NYFA: 5 counties
GBIF
Putnam (2019)
USDA-XX
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 L. (1753)
 Indian hedgemustard,
Eastern rocket 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent

NYFA: X
NYFA: Tompkins (1932)
No observations
USDA-XX
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 L. (1753)
Norta irio (L.) Britton
 London rocket,
Rocketmustard 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm
NYFA: New York (1880)
No observations
USDA-XX
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Tribe Buniadeae[edit | edit source]

Bunias[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Buniadeae — Bunias
Genus Bunias Warty cabbage N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Bunias orientalis L.
1785. Myagrum taraxacifolium Lam.
1786. Rapistrum glandulosum
J.P.Bergeret
1794. Bunias verrucosa Moench
1813. Bunias perennis Sm.
1837. Laelia orientalis (L.) Rchb.
 Turkish rocket,
Turkish warty-cabbage,
Hill mustard
Bunias d'Orient 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Naturalized,
Potentially invasive

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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CABI
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Tribe Hesperideae[edit | edit source]

Hesperis[edit | edit source]
Hesperis matronalis L.
Dame's rocket
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Hesperideae
Genus Hesperis Rocket N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
    
    
    
 Dame's rocket,
Sweet rocket,
Dame's violet,
Damask violet,
Mother-of-the-evening
Julienne des dames,
Arragone 		Introduced,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 57%[1],
CP-3[2]
FACU
Biennial, perennial,
Herb-forb

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  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Hesperis matronalis: Moderate (57).
  2. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)

Tribe Cardamineae[edit | edit source]

Cardamine[edit | edit source]

C. concatenata
C. diphylla
C. maxima
C. parviflora
C. pensylvanica
C. pratensis
C. rotundifolia
C. douglassii

The genus Cardamine has, in the past, been segregated into the two species:

  • Cardamine (bittercress) and
  • Dentaria (toothwort).

Here they are treated as subgenera.

Cardamine subg. Dentaria[edit | edit source]

Cardamine subg. Dentaria contains the toothworts.

Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Cardamine subg. Dentaria
Genus Cardamine subg. Dentaria Toothwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Michx.) O. Schwarz
1800. Dentaria laciniata Muhl. ex Willd.
1803. Dentaria concatenata Michx.
1870. Cardamine laciniata Alph.Wood
1939. Cardamine concatenata O. Schwarz
 Cut-leaved toothwort,
Five-part toothwort,
Slender toothwort,
Cut-leaf toothcup
Dentaire laciniée,
Cardamine découpée 		Native,
Secure

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 (Michx.) Alph.Wood
1803. Dentaria diphylla Michx.
1812. Dentaria bifolia Stokes
1870. Cardamine diphylla (Michx.) Alph.Wood
1903. Dentaria incisa Small
1904. Cardamine incisa (Small) K.Schum.
 Two-leaved toothwort,
Broadleaf toothwort,
Crinkleroot
Dentaire à deux feuilles,
Snicroûte,
Carcajou 		Native,
Secure

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 (Nutt.) Alph.Wood
1818. Dentaria maxima Nutt.
1870. Cardamine maxima (Nutt.) Alph.Wood
1903. Dentaria anomala Eames
1904. Cardamine anomala (Eames) K.Schum.
 Large toothwort,
Three-leaved toothwort
Dentaire géante,
Cardamine géante 		Native,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
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Genus Cardamine subg. Dentaria (excluded taxa) Toothwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Cardamine concatenata × diphylla
  Cardamine concatenata ×
  Cardamine diphylla
    
    
    
 Hybrid of
 cut-leaved toothwort &
 two-leaved toothwort
 N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
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Cardamine concatenata × maxima
  Cardamine concatenata ×
  Cardamine maxima
    
    
    
 Hybrid of
 cut-leaved toothwort &
 large toothwort
 N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
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Cardamine diphylla × maxima
  Cardamine diphylla ×
  Cardamine maxima
    
    
    
 Hybrid of
 two-leaved toothwort &
 large toothwort
 N. America native,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
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Cardamine subg. Cardamine[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Cardamine subg. Cardamine
Genus Cardamine subg. Cardamine Bittercress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Muhl. ex Willd.
1800. Cardamine pensylvanica Willd.
1902. Cardamine multifolia Rydb.
1903. Cardamine flexuosa  ssp. pensylvanica  O.E.Schulz
1915. Dracamine pensylvanica Nieuwl.
1917. Cardamine longii Fernald
1945. Cardamine hirsuta  var. pensylvanica  Graff
 Pennsylvania bitter-cress,
Quaker bittercress
Cardamine de Pennsylvanie 		Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5
FACW-OBL
Biennial,
Herb-forb

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 (Schreb. ex Muhl.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
1793. Arabis bulbosa Schreb. ex Muhl
1806. Arabis rhomboidea Pers.
1821. C. rhomboidea (Pers.) DC.
1888. C. bulbosa Britton et al.
 Bulbous bitter-cress,
Bulb bittercress,
Spring cress
Cardamine bulbeuse 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
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 L.
1753. Cardamine pratensis L.
1829. C. pratensisvar. palustris
1846. Cardamine palustris Peterm.
1915. Dracamine pratensis (L.) Nieuwl.
 Cuckooflower,
Cuckoo flower,
Pink cuckoo bitter-cress 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

NYFA: 5
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 var. arenicola
    
    
    
 Small-flowered bitter-cress,
Sand bittercress 		Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4
FAC-FACU
Annual,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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 Britton
    
    
    
 Purple cress,
Limestone bittercress 		Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2-3
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 Michx.
    Dentaria rotundifolia
 Mountain watercress,
Round-leaved water-cress 		Native,
Endangered,
NYNHP: 1[1]

NYFA: 1
USDA-N0
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 L.
1753. Cardamine hirsuta L.
 Hairy bittercress,
Hairy cress,
Hoary bittercress
Cardamine hérissée,
Cardamine hispide,
Cardamine hirsute 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Invasive,
CP-3[2]

NYFA: X
NYFA: 16 counties
? counties
USDA-XX
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 Hornem.
1796. Cardamine flexuosa With.
1819. Cardamine occulta Hornem.
1825. Cardamine debilis D.Don
1886. Cardamine hirsuta  ssp. flexuosa  Forbes & Hemsl.
1945. Cardamine konaensis H.St.John
Asian wavy bitter cress
Nursery Bittercress
Introduced from
 Asia (2n=64)[3],
Invasive

NYFA: X
NYFA: 7 counties
8 counties
USDA-XX
Go Botany
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FNA
Tropicos
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 L.
1753. Cardamine impatiens L.
1903. C. impatiensvar. angustifolia
 Narrowleaf bittercress,
Touch-me-not bittercress,
Bushy rock-cress
Cardamine impatiente 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 76%[4],
Prohibited[5]

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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ARS-GRIN
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  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Cardamine rotundifolia. Endangered, S1/G4.
  2. ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2018)
  3. ↑ Flora of North America (based on Lihová et al. 2006) states that the tetraploid European and octaploid Asian populations of Cardamine flexuosa should be treated as two distinct species. Both taxa are found in similar habitats. It is not known which these (or whether both of these) taxa have naturalized in New York.
  4. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Cardamine impatiens: Highly invasive (76).
  5. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species
Rorippa[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Rorippa
Genus Rorippa Yellowcress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Besser
ssp. palustris
1753. Sisymbrium amphibium
var. palustre L.
1769. Nasturtium palustre (L.) DC.
1794. Radicula palustris (L.) Moench
1821. Ro. palustris (L.) Besser
1940. Ro. islandica  var. fernaldiana  Butters & Abbe
1968. Ro. palustris  ssp. fernaldiana  (Butters & Abbe) Jonsell
1972. Ro. palustris  var. fernaldiana  (Butters & Abbe) Stuckey
 auct. Ro. islandica
Marsh yellow-cress ⓘ
Bog yellow-cress ⓘ
Fernald's yellow-cress
Rorippa palustris
Native, CoC: 3,
Likely secure,
2n = 32

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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 (L.) Besser
ssp. hispida
 Hispid yellow-cress Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure

NYFA: 4
USDA-NN
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Wikispecies
 (Eaton) Palmer & Steyerm.
1822. Cochlearia armoracia  var. aquatica  Eaton
    Neobeckia aquatica (Eaton) Greene
1935. Rorippa aquatica in…
Lake water cress ⓘ
Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
S2, G4?,
NYNHP: 2[1]
OBL
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: 2
USDA-NN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 (Crantz) Besser
1762. Nasturtium austriacum Crantz
1764. Myagrum austriacum Jacq.
1807. Camelina austriaca Pers.
1822. Rorip(p)a austriaca Besser
1841. Cochlearia austriaca Ledeb.
1866. Brachylobus austriacus Schur
 Austrian yellowcress,
Austrian yellow-cress,
Austrian field cress,
Austrian fieldgrass 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
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 (L.) Hiern
1763. Sisymbrium indicum L.
1821. Nasturtium indicum DC.
1832. Sinapis patens Roxb.
1861. Nasturtium montanum Wall.
1896. Rorippa indica Hiern
 Indian yellow-cress,
Variableleaf yellowcress,
Variable-leaved yellow-cress 		Introduced from
 Asia,
Impersistent
Bronx (1949),
Broome (2008)
NYFA: Xm
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Besser
1753. Sisymbrium sylvestre L.
1763. Radicula sylvestris Druce
1785. Brachiolobos sylvestris All.
1812. Nasturtium sylvestre W.T.Aiton
1821. Rorip(p)a sylvestris Besser
 Creeping yellowcress,
Creeping yellow-cress,
Creeping fieldcress 		Introduced from
 Eurasia

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (Bergeret) Shinz & Thell.
  Rorippa amphibia ×
  Rorippa sylvestris
    
    
    
Prostrate yellow cress ⓘ
Introduced,
Unk. naturalization

NYFA: U
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Rorippa (excluded taxa) Yellowcress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Oeder ex Murray) Borbás
1768. Sisymbrium islandicum Oeder
1900. R. islandica (Oeder) Borbas
    
Northern marsh yellowcress ⓘ
Marsh cress ⓘ
Northern yellowcress ⓘ
Yellow watercress ⓘ
Introduced from
 Europe,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Besser
1753. Sisymbrium amphibium L.
1812. Nasturtium amphibium
(L.) W.T.Aiton
1821. R. amphibia (L.) Besser
Great yellow-cress ⓘ
Great yellowcress ⓘ
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2021. Online Conservation Guide for Rorippa aquatica. acc. July 19, 2021.
Subularia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Subularia
Genus Subularia Awlwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. americana G.A.Mulligan & Calder
1964. S. aquatica  ssp. americana  G.A.Mulligan & Calder
1966. S. aquatica  var. americana  (G.A.Mulligan & Calder) B.Boivin
American awlwort ⓘ
American waterawlwort ⓘ
American water awlwort ⓘ
Awlwort ⓘ
Subulaire d'Amérique ⓘ
Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered

NYFA: 1-2
USDA-NN
VASCAN
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Subularia (excluded taxa) Awlwort N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. aquatica
1753. Subularia aquatica L.
1823. Draba subularia Poir.
    
Water awlwort
N. America native
 Alaska
 Greenland,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-00
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Armoracia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Armoracia
Genus Armoracia Armoracia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.
1753. Cochlearia armoracia L.
1800. Armoracia rusticana G.Gaertn., B.Mey. & Scherb.
 Horseradish,
Mérédic,
Raifort cran 		Introduced from
 eastern Europe,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [6],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR
Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
NYFA: ? counties
iNat
GBIF
? counties
USDA-XX
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Barbarea[edit | edit source]
Barbarea vulgaris
Yellow-rocket or wintercress (particularly Barbarea vulgaris) is common in disturbed fields.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Barbarea
Genus Barbarea Yellowrocket N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) W.T.Aiton
 Yellow rocket,
Wintercress,
Garden yellow-rocket 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
 Invasive.org: [7],
 USGS: L48 invasive,
Naturalized
FAC-FACU
Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
iNat
GBIF
USDA-XX
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 (Mill.) Asch.
 Early yellowrocket,
Early wintercress,
Winter Belle Isle 		Introduced
Biennial-Perennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: X
iNat
USDA-XX
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 Andrz.
1821. Barbarea stricta Andrz.
    Campe stricta (Andrz.) W. Wight ex Piper
Upright winter cress ⓘ
Small-flowered winter cress ⓘ
Introduced,
Naturalized,
SNA
Wayne (1936)
NYFA: X
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
Nasturtium[edit | edit source]
Nasturtium officinale
Note that the genus Nasturtium does not contain the cultivated ornamental plants commonly known as nasturtium, which are in the Tropaeolum genus above.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Cardamineae — Nasturtium
Genus Nasturtium Watercress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 W.T.Aiton
1753. Sisymbrium nasturtium Δ L. (i)
1812. Nasturtium officinale W.T.Aiton
1905. Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek
 Watercress Introduced,
Moderately invasive,
 NYIS: 66%[1]

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 Bönn ex Reichenb.
1832. Nasturtium microphyllum Boenn. ex Rchb.
1948. Rorippa microphylla (Boenn. ex Rchb.) Hyl. ex Á.Löve & D.Löve
 One-rowed yellowcress Introduced,
Highly invasive,
NYS Tier 2

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 (Airy Shaw) Oefel.
  Nasturtium microphyllum ×
  Nasturtium officinale
 Sterile water cress Introduced,
No specimens

NYFA: X
USDA-XN
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Nasturtium officinale: Moderate (66).

Tribe Lepidieae[edit | edit source]

Lepidium[edit | edit source]
Lepidium virginicum
Out of the dozen Lepidium (pepperweed) species known to grow in the wild in New York, only Lepidium virginicum is considered to be native.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Lepidieae — Lepidium
Genus Lepidium Pepperweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
ssp. virginicum
1753. Lepidium virginicum L.
1906. Lepidium virginicum  var. virginicum  autonym
1906. Lepidium virginicum  ssp. virginicum  autonym
1930. Lepidium virginicum  var. linearifolium  Farw.
1945. Lepidium virginicum  var. typicum  C.L. Hitchc. (i)
 Poor-man's pepper,
Virginia pepperweed,
Wild peppergrass 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NX
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 Schrad.
var. densiflorum
1832. Lepidium densiflorum Schrad.
    
    
 Prairie pepperweed,
Common pepperweed,
Prairie peppergrass,
Greenflower pepperweed,
Miner's pepperwort 		Introduced from
 western North America,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-MM
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 (L.) W.T.Aiton
1812. Lepidium campestre (L.) W.T.Aiton
 Field cress,
Field pepperweed,
Field peppergrass,
Cow-cress 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Go Botany
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 L.
1767. Lepidium didymum L.
1800. Coronopus didymus (L.) Small
1806. Senebiera didyma (L.) Pers.
1913. Carara didyma (L.) Britton
Lesser swinecress ⓘ
Lesser swine's cress ⓘ
Introduced from
 South America,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Lepidium draba L.
1815. Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.
 Heart-podded hoary-cress,
Whitetop 		Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 Nutt.
1838. Lepidium nitidum Nutt.
1838. Lepidium leiocarpum Hook. & Arn.
1891. Lepidium oreganum Howell ex Greene
1891. Nasturtium nitidum Kuntze
1892. Lepidium tenuifolium Phil.
 Shining pepperweed,
Tongue pepper-weed 		Introduced from
 Washington,
 Oregon, California,
 Baja Norte

NYFA: Xm
USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
Clasping pepperweed Introduced

NYFA: Xn
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Roadside pepperweed Introduced
Biennial,
Herb-forb

NYFA: Xn
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Gardencress pepperweed,
Garden pepper-grass
Cresson alénois 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 Africa

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 L. (1753)
Cardaria latifolia
 Broad-leaved pepper-grass,
Perennial pepperweed,
Tall pepperweed 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Highly invasive,
 NYIS: 79%[1]

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Al-Shehbaz
1753. Cochlearia coronopus L.
1775. Lepidium squamatum Forssk.
1803. Senebiera coronopus (L.) Cav.
1806. Senebiera coronopus (L.) Poir.
1860. Coronopus squamatus (Forssk.) Asch.
2004. Lepidium coronopus (L.) Al-Shehbaz
Greater swinecress ⓘ
Creeping wart cress ⓘ
Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
1753. Lepidium chalepense L.
Lens-podded pepperweed ⓘ
Lens-podded hoary cress ⓘ
Introduced,
Unknown naturalization,
SNA
NYFA: 1 county
iNat: 1 county
NYFA: X
iNat
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Lepidium (excluded taxa) Pepperweed N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
var. bourgeauanum
 Bourgeau's pepperweed Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
Images
Wikispecies
 Benth.
 Purpleanther field pepperweed Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Lepidium latifolium: High (79).

Tribe Descurainieae[edit | edit source]

Descurainia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Descurainieae — Descurainia
Genus Descurainia Tansy mustard N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Walter) Britton (1894)
ssp. brachycarpa
Sophia brachycarpa
 Northern tansy-mustard,
Western tansymustard,
Moutarde tanaisie 		Native,
Endangered

NYFA: 1
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
ITIS
Images
Wikispecies
 (Walter) Britton (1894)
ssp. pinnata
 Western tansymustard,
Western tansy-mustard 		Introduced,
N. America native,
No specimens

NYFA: X
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Webb ex Prantl
 Herb Sophia Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
Naturalized

NYFA: Xn
GBIF
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Boechereae[edit | edit source]

In 2003, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz recognized most of the North American species of Arabis as belonging to the genus Boechera.[1]

Borodinia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Boechereae — Borodinia
Genus Borodinia N.Busch (1921) Rock-cress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 P.J.Alexander & Windham
1753. Arabis canadensis L.
1891. Erysimum canadense (L.) Kuntze
2003. Boechera canadensis (L.) Al-Shehbaz
2013. Borodinia canadensis (L.) P.J.Alexander & Windham
 Sicklepod,
Sicklepod rockcress,
Canada rockcress
Arabette du Canada 		Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
Go Botany
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FNA
Tropicos
BONAP
Images
Wikispecies
 P.J.Alexander & Windham
1800. Turritis laevigata Muhl. ex Willd.
1811. Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.)
Poir.
2003. Boechera laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.)
Al-Shehbaz
2013. Borodinia laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.)
P.J.Alexander & Windham
 Smooth rock-cress Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
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FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 P.J.Alexander & Windham
1908. Arabis missouriensis Greene
1911. Arabis viridis Harger
1964. Arabis laevigatavar. missouriensis
2003. Boechera missouriensis (Greene)
Al-Shehbaz
2013. Borodinia missouriensis (Greene)
P.J.Alexander & Windham
 Green rockcress,
Missouri rock-cress 		Native,
Threatened

NYFA: 2
USDA-
Go Botany
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 P.J.Alexander & Windham
1840. Shortia dentata Raf.
1937. Arabis dentatavar. phalacrocarpa
1952. Arabis shortii (Fernald) Gleason
2003. Boechera shortii (Fernald)
Al-Shehbaz
2008. Boechera dentata (Raf.) Al-Shehbaz & Zarucchi
2013. Borodinia dentata (Raf.) P.J.Alexander & Windham
 Toothed rock-cress Native,
Endangered,
No recent reports

NYFA: Z
USDA-NN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ Al-Shehbaz, I.A., 2003. Transfer of most North American species of Arabis to Boechera (Brassicaceae). Novon 13(4): 381-391.
Boechera[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Boechereae — Boechera
Genus Boechera A.Löve & D.Löve Rock-cress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Al-Shehbaz
1829. Turritis stricta Graham
1864. Arabis drummondii A. Gray
1975. Boechera drummondii (A. Gray)
Á.Löve & D.Löve
2003. B. stricta (Graham) Al-Shehbaz
 Drummond's rock cress,
Canada rockcress,
Straight-up suncress
Arabette de Drummond 		Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
NYNHP: 2[1]

NYFA: 2
Go Botany
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 Windham & Al-Shehbaz
  B. collinsii ×
  B. stricta
1831. Turritis grahamii Lehm.
1894. Arabis brachycarpa (Torr.& A.Gray) Britton
2001. B. brachycarpa
(Torr.& A.Gray) Dorn
2007. B. grahamii
Lehm. Windham & Al-Shehbaz
 Graham's rock cress,
Spreadingpod rock-cress,
Graham's suncress
Arabette de Graham 		Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
NYNHP: 2[2]

NYFA: 2
USDA-NN
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Genus Boechera (excluded taxa) Rock-cress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (A.Nelson) Á. Löve & D. Löve
  B. retrofracta ×
  B. sparsiflora ×
  B. stricta
1900. Arabis divaricarpa A.Nelson
1917. Arabis stokesiae Rydb.
1975. B. divaricarpa
(A.Nelson) Á.Löve & D.Löve
Spreading-pod rockcress ⓘ
Arabette à fruits divariqués ⓘ
N. America native
 western U.S.,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
VASCAN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
  B. holboellii ×
  B. stricta
    
    
    
Quebec rockcress ⓘ
Limestone rockcress ⓘ
Arabette du Québec ⓘ
N. America native
 Quebec,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
  1. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Boechera stricta. Threatened, S2/G5.
  2. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Boechera grahamii. Threatened, S2/G5.

Tribe Erysimeae[edit | edit source]

Erysimum[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Erysimeae — Erysimum
Genus Erysimum Wallflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (S.Watson) MacMill.
var. inconspicuum
    Cheirinia inconspicua (S.Watson) Britton
    Erysimum parviflorum Nutt.
Small-flowered wall-flower ⓘ
Shy wallflower ⓘ
Small worm-seed mustard
Introduced from
 western N. America,
N. America native,
Impersistent

NYFA: Xm
GBIF
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
 Wormseed mustard,
Wormseed wallflower,
Treacle mustard 		Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX?
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
Tall wall-flower ⓘ
Wormseed mustard ⓘ
European wallflower ⓘ
Tall rocket ⓘ
Tall wormseed ⓘ
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
 L.
    Erysimum repandum L.
    Cheirinia repanda (L.) Link
 Spreading wallflower Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Unk. naturalization

NYFA: X
GBIF
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 (Nutt.) DC.
    
1821. E. asperum (Nutt.) DC.
    
Prairie wall-flower ⓘ
Western wallflower ⓘ
Introduced from
 western N. America,
 central N. America,
N. America native,
Not naturalized

NYFA: Xm
GBIF
USDA-NN
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Erysimum (excluded taxa) Wallflower N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (Douglas ex Hook.) Greene
1829. Cheiranthus capitatus
Douglas ex Hook.
1891. E. capitatum
(Douglas ex Hook.) Greene
    
 Sanddune wallflower N. America native
 western N. America,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
GBIF
USDA-N0
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 Fisch. & C.A. Mey.
1838. E. perofskianum
Fisch. & C. A. Mey.
    
    
Afghan erysimum ⓘ
Introduced,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
GBIF
USDA-X0
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Camelineae[edit | edit source]

Turritis[edit | edit source]
Turritis glabra
The genus Turritis contains only two or three species worldwide. One of those (Turritis glabra) is found in much of the northern hemisphere, including New York.
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Camelineae — Turritis
Genus Turritis Towercress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 L.
1753. Turritis glabra L.
1800. Arabis glabra  (L.) Bernh.
1868. Psilarabis glabra  (L.) Fourr.
1891. Erysimum glabrum  (L.) Kuntze
1902. Crucifera turritis  E.H.L.Krause
Tower mustard ⓘ
Tower rockcress ⓘ
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure,
S5
Biennial (rarely perennial),
Herb-forb

NYFA: 5
iNat
USDA-NN
POWO
Go Botany
VASCAN
FNA
Images
Wikispecies
Arabidopsis[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Camelineae — Arabidopsis
Genus Arabidopsis Heynh. Rockcress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz
 ssp. lyrata
1753. Arabis lyrata  L.
1753. Cardamine petraea  L.
1950. Cardaminopsis lyrata  (L.) Hiitonen
1997. Arabidopsis lyrata  (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz
 Lyrate rockcress,
Lyreleaf rockcress,
Lyre-leaved rockcress
Arabette lyrée 		Native,
Secure

NYFA: 5
USDA-NN
ITIS
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Heynh.
1753. Arabis thaliana  L.
 Mouseear cress,
Wall-cress 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Genus Arabidopsis (excluded taxa) Rockcress N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz
ssp. kamchatica (Fisch. ex DC.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz
1821. Arabis lyrata  ssp. kamchatica  Fisch. ex DC.
1997. Arabidopsis lyrata  ssp. kamchatica  (Fisch. ex DC.) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz
Lyrate rockcress ⓘ
N. America native
 western N. Am.
 northeast Asia,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-NN
FNA
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
Camelina[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Camelineae — Camelina
Genus Camelina False-flax N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Andrz. ex DC.
    C. microcarpa Andrz. ex DC.
    C. sativassp. microcarpa
 Littlepod false flax,
Little-podded false flax 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
 (L.) Crantz
ssp. sativa
    Myagrum sativum L.
    Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz
    Camelina parodii
 Dutch flax,
Gold-of-pleasure 		Introduced

NYFA: X
USDA-XW
Images
Wikispecies
Capsella[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Camelineae — Capsella
Genus Capsella Capsella N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Medik.
    Thlaspi bursa-pastoris L.
    Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik.
 Shepherd's purse Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 northern Africa,
Naturalized

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
Images
Wikispecies
Neslia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Camelineae — Neslia
Genus Neslia Neslia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) Desv.
1753. Myagrum paniculatum L.
1814. N. paniculata (L.) Desv.
    
Ball mustard ⓘ
Ballmustard ⓘ
Common ball-mustard
Introduced from
 Belgium,
Unk. naturalization

NYFA: X
USDA-XX
ARS-GRIN
Images
Wikispecies

Tribe Anastaticeae[edit | edit source]

Malcolmia[edit | edit source]
Brassicales — Brassicaceae — Anastaticeae — Malcolmia
Genus Malcolmia (excluded taxa) Malcolmia N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 (L.) W.T.Aiton
1759. Cheiranthus maritimus L.
1778. Hesperis maritima (L.) Lam.
1812. M. maritima (L.) W.T.Aiton
1895. Wilckia maritima (L.) Halácsy
Virginia stock ⓘ
Virginia-stock ⓘ
Giroflée de Mahon ⓘ
Julienne de Mahon ⓘ
Malcolmie maritime ⓘ
Introduced from
 southeast Europe,
N.Y. excluded

NYFA-Excluded
USDA-X0
ARS-GRIN
Tropicos
Images
Wikispecies
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