Anatomy of a Pencil
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[edit] The Anatomy of a Pencil
Pencils are made of two parts:
- Barrel: The barrel is usually made of wood and occasionally made of clay. It is the largest, heaviest part of the pencil and provides a surface to hold.
- Lead: The "lead" is so named because when pencils were first invented, this part was made of elemental lead. Now this part is made of graphite, a form of elemental carbon where the carbon atoms are arranged in thin sheets. Friction between the graphite and paper-like surface causes tiny flakes of graphite to come off and become attached to the surface.
Some pencils have an extra accessory:
- Eraser: The eraser allows the user of the pencil to manually and mechanically delete, by rubbing away, the unwanted marks from a surface. The eraser is attached to the barrel with a metal collar, called a ferrule. This device was first introduced by Hymen Lipman on March 30, 1858, receiving the first patent for attaching an eraser to the end of a pencil. Lipman sold his patent in 1862 to Joseph Reckendorfer for $100,000, who went to sue the pencil manufacturer Faber for infringement. In 1875 the Supreme Court of the United States ruled against Reckendorfer, declaring the patent invalid.
[edit] Uses of a Pencil
Pencils can be used for a variety of purposes, some productive other's not. The obvious use is to write letters to intimate friends, or teachers and principles. The graphite, however, usually makes the paper rather messy as it is folded, and this is not always the most exciting method of intimacy. Another use for a pencil is the popular game of slap, a game that middle school children reportedly still play today. The object of the game is to take turns slapping an opponents pencil with the tip of one's own pencil in succession. The first pencil to break loses.
Pencils fall sometime into the role of a chew-toy, most humans when nervous or absent in their thoughts, will bite a pencil (or similar object, failing to have one the nails are also a common choice), in this way most people can easily identify and personalize their pencils, this can also be considered as imparting a type of protection to the object, since any other person would probably object using that pencil in the future (it is of importance to note that a complete destruction of the object as a result of this action is rarely seen).
Thus, the pencil was a good friend to many people when it came out. Sadly, as newer methods of writing have emerged, the pencil has been relegated to lesser status and uses. People now write messages on computer screens, never having to come close to a sharpener. One can only wonder what the keyboard will become when something newer comes along.
